1934-09-05 — Page 18

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The

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WEDNESDAY, SEPT. 5, 1934.

THE FORTY-HOUR WEEK

The President of the Trade

Union Congress, which is at present holding its annual con- ference at Weymouth, has issued a warning that organised labour may have to take more drastic measures for making effective its demand for a forty-hour week. There is, happily, no threat of unconstitutional mea sure but the feeling expressed is that the fullest use is not be- ing made of the tremendous power possessed by the trade union organisation. In recent years, there has been a decided movement in favour of the cutting down of hours of work as one method leading towards absorption of the

the

un-

|

TELEGRAPH.

WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 5, 1934.

NOTES OF THE DAY

BEHIND THE SCENES

CONFLICT OF MEMORY

OFFICIAL HISTORIES. OF THE WAR

By Major-General Sir C. W. GWYNN, K.C.B., C.M.G., D.Š.O.

·

The Very Idea!

ON LEARNING CHINESE

(By George)

So Harold Lloyd is learn-

ing Chinese! The popular film star is willing to risk undermining a happy marriage to acquire the nine tones which will gain him entrance to the lotus gardens of Wanchai,

Harold has started right with n beautiful teacher and he will probably go further than we did As a result of the mothed em--and he may fate worse if she's

dee Wes

-

Cor-

LO

The real alumbling block in the Russo-American debt and trade negotiations in that the two nations are playing game of "You did!" and "We didn't!" The

TRUE military history is notor-after their completion, making re- Soviet is not likely to challenge ugly difficult to compile, vision more dificult. Amerien's debe claim Agures to any important extent if nerange-Many of the documents on which As evidenes of the extent of in- ments can be made for the exten- the History must be based are formation possessed by the French sion of new credits to the U.S.S.R. written when the fog of war is Commanders of records are of The background to the story lies thick; and an Important duty of great value, but they cannot be in the following:Three men sat in the historian fa to clear up the accepted as an accurate account of the president's study last Novem-misconceptions contained in them. what actually happened. Yet the ber and made verbal premises on There is only one way of pro-French account is being quoted hi which Russian recognition and the ducing a reliable account of what all French writings on the War as promise of expanded trade were actually occurred and the reasons the anal authority. based. The three wore President for it that is, by examining and Roosevelt, Mr. William Bullitt, collating the documentary "ovid- now Ambassador to Moscow, and ence of both sides and by checking M. Litvinov, the Russian negotia- the result with the help of, or by ployed, which to doubt there were valid reasons for adopting, the experiences of,

When we arrived in the Colony individual operations of the B.E.F. receive tor: Nothing was put in writing. the No other person was present. M. officers and others, who often scant justice in the French His early took up the idea of learn- Litvinov remembered and reported possena important information tory. In some cases relevant facta bemoaned that the "East had got ing Chinese. Our bost friends a promise that the U. S. S. R. which, official documents either are omitted; in others absolute us" but we were determined to would receive immediate trade entirely omit or contain in a mis misstatements occur which might order our own socks and be civil credits and later loan through leading form.

have been avoided if all available

the coolic which it could

Clearly the mutual exchange of evidence had been drawn on. pay off 1 lump sum

The first few weeks were a little settlement to be agreed on documents and information can tain glaring examples may be difficult ns our teacher had ta Roosevelt and Bullitt remember rarely be effected, and only to a

they nothing of the sort. And the limited extent, if at all, till many numerous in the description of the from us before ho taught us how

given;

are particularly learn the rudiments of English Assistant Secretary of State Moore years after a war. A anal com Battle of the Marne. For in- added complication by lending prehensive History can thus only stance, there is little or nothing to You for receiving the monthly to may Good Morning and Thank directors of the Export-Import be produced after each side con show that the B.E.F. was well damage. Bank set up for Russian traiecerned has lased an account based across the Marne when the 5th credita to promise no credita until chiefly on its own records.

After a couple of months our French Army was still some dis- teacher had made considerable Russia made a settlement pact.

tance from the river. The im- progress and nequired sufficient Our own official History of tho plication that the B.E.F. failed to command of the language to de Great War is a gallant and wonder-respond to Joffre's urge la allowed mand a rise. fully successful attempt to present to creep in, when, as a matter of We paid and revealed the fatal a complete picture. The courtesy fact, though the B.E.F. may have weakness in our charter. Tho It enn well be imagined that the of our Allies and of our late ene been somewhat slow in

starting next day he did not turn up. It conference between M. Troyanomies made much relevant informa- (though not as slow as d'Esperey's was a Chinese holiday. He C.x- vaky and Mr. Cortell full has beention available, and many unofficial left), it did actually overcome the plained this to us when he woke troubled by this conflict of memory books containing valuable evidence resistance of German rearguards, us up the following morning so and unless there is a chance of appeared soon after the War. which Franchet d'Esperey had early that we didn't feel capable Front In the United States the way Even so, a complete revision of the Bardly even tested; in any case, of taking a lesson. out of the deadlock is difficult to frat volume, published in 1922, the British did gain a long lend of discern. Russia will not settle was found necesary when the the 5th Army. Finally Colonel the debt claims until she has some official Histories of other nations Henisch and bla mission are assurances of new credits. The concerned had appeared. In this ignored. United Staten political situation, revised volume, which recently The maps also convey a very slater. especially since the development appeared, many important ad- false impression of the British A few more Chinese' feast days of the Communist scare in the missions of defects in the direction action. British troops are shown ensued and then the discovery of country, forbids Administration of the operations.of our own Army on them in a vague and general-other relations at Canton loft a loans, unless they are disguised are made, and the co-operative Med manner.

Moreover, the post-gap in our state of learning which In some manner,

action of our Allica is fully ex-tions in which they are indicated only an entire new start could plained in cases where in the first are those reported by midday and overcome. edition It had, for lack of informa- are those of main bodies, whereas We are still trying to forget tion, not received full justice, the position of French troops is what we learnt and the teacher is For example, the assistance ren- that reached at nightfall, and the still trying to forget what we said, Moscow and Washington will dered to the B.F.F. In its retreat most advanced line of outposts is his improved knowledge of Eng- have to compromise if Mr. Cordell is now fully acknowledged, though marked. Hutt Is ever to show President at the time this was not realised.

lish making this moro difficult for Again, in describing the first gas him than for us. Roosevelt an agreed plan. Russia When one turns to the French attack at Ypres in April, 1916, will have to give up the idea of

there Oficial History we find the pro- are many errors of fact. cash loan in the near future, blem approached from an entirely The Canadians are described as. much as she wants it for the sake different basis. General Rene having fallen back at the same of prestige at home and abroad-Tournes, who was a member of the time as the French Territorial and parts--Watching labour situa- and capecially for its effect on Service Historique, has placed on African troops, whereas, an a fact, Lian closely." This must be one Japan. The President well knows record the aims of the publiention. the Canadians, though their left of those instances where the the protest such a loan would It was to be a collection of docu- lank was exposed, ratained their spectator acea most of the game. aroase in the United States at this ments which referred to the Position 48 hours longer and until time. One suspects

HE WOULD. "kidded" about it at the secret Any historical reconstruction or more instances might be quoted, he campaign or to military questions. after the second gas attack. Many

Sinco Sir Henry Wood has let three-man conference and pon- eritical study with the intention of but it is not my object to ventilate the cat out of the bag we may as sibly gave vague, far-off assurdrawing lessons was forbidden. grievances, but to draw attention well confess that we ourselves ances which M. Litvinov misinter-In order to make the documents to the unfortunate results of per- have frequently written music un- preted. On the other hand, Rus-intelligible and to fill gaps between petuating misapprehensions and der Russian names. In fact we have writton scores of them both ala will not accept America's them a concise explanatory text misunderstandings. present position that she must was in the end found necesary, but

staccato and taccata and fugue, make a lump sum agreement beno attempt to collate French evid- fore she gets any credits. The fence with that of allies-of-enemies set of the War the old feeling of

It is not secret that at the out-subterfuge, notes and sundry chita. obvious face-saviu compromise was permitted. Those instruc- shall we call it, hereditary hostili- We used a Russian name as the hero is one which would start tions, of course, imply not the ty between French and English Russlang have suffered so much Export-Import Bank operations writing of the History but the un-still survived in many quarters on that a little contempt would pass with Russia as soon as she agreed critical assemblage of an enormous each side of the Channel, although them by like oathe sliding off a adjudication and settlement of with a text which is little more and although as a people we were public into the secret is to let to help set up machinery for qua

quantity of historical material the reasons for it had disappeared shroff The idea of letting the debts and claims-which might than an index to that material. in full sympathy with the French them know that the best opera is. take years.

CONCESSIONS ARE ESSENTIAL

END OF TECHNOCRACY

that

employed. The International Labour Office of the League of Nations strongly favours the forty-hour week, and proposals for its adoption were put for- ward at the International Labour Conference held in Geneva in June of this year. A quorum was not, however, obtained, and (the proposals were therefore not accepted. None the less, there was adopted a resolution submit-

A melancholy story was made ted by the representatives of no public recently telling how a little fewer than twenty-four Govern-chemical factory in New Jersey ments in which the Conference established by Howard Scott to recorded its conviction that the experiment with his theories of reduction of hours remains one Technocracy, was sold at auction, with all its contents, for a total of the chief tasks of the ILO. of $75. This price is probably a Hitherto, the British Govern- ment's attitude at Geneva hasent valuation of the Technocratic

pretty accurate gauge of the pres been anything but satisfactory theory. But while Technocracy to labour interests. Whilst not itself came down out of the definitely antagonistic, it has stratosphere like 22:1 exploded taken the line that there is balloon, the way in which, it was acclaimed when it first appeared is still worth remembering.

The theory burst at a time when the bottom seemed to have fallen out of everything. Farmers, indus trialists, wage-earners, investors, all classes and conditions of peo- world had everything that man ple were full of gloom, The kind needed, but things had got seemed little chance that they would get back into gear,

uk

small likelihood of universal action, and has therefore felt indisposed to help the movement forward. There are, however, several countries in which the forty-hour week is in vogue, and in the United States particularly it has won widespread adoption. There is now, in fact, a strong out of gear somehow, and there' move for a thirty-hour week, which, it may be noted, is one of the demands of the textile

strikers. Without a doubt, the THE CENTRAL FACT tendency in industrial countries

will in future be more and more 'In the midst of the gloom, in the direction of shorter work-came the Technocrats, announcing ing hours. It may take some blithely that no-ono need starve in time before international agree the middle of plenty, saying that ment on the subject is found could be kept going full time, with farms and magnincent factorien possible, for it will be recalled that to catablish even the eight-ough of everything. If we would everybody getting more than on- hour day twenty-five years of only make the right kind of effort. International effort on the partIt sounded nice, and so wonder of organlaed workers was re-

It wasn't long before the bubble quired. It will be far bete while many people thought they exploded, to be sure, but for a little ter for everybody concerned ifsaw the daw the principle of the shortened The thie dawn on the mountains working week is accepted and ita fact that the Technocrats, with all to remember now is the adoption facilitated rather than their mistakes, did put their finger

problem, It apathy on the part of Govern- possible, physically, for the world ments and employers, feel con- enough things to banish want for

to grow enough food' and make strained to adopt measures aver, How that is to be done may which would only lead to serious be another question. The central {trouble.

fact is still there..

to

LANE, CRAWFORD, LTD.nt Inbour should, through on the central,

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Co-

The next day we gave him an- other English lesson which was followed by a visit on the part of our teacher to Canton to see

•

*

A WATCHING BRIEF. "The President goes on plenic

•

The work when finished will, it is nation. As a consequence there not always written by Chineso belleved, run to a total of some 24 was in too many cases in both composers, the same as the best volumes of text and over. 76 of armies a lack of mutual confidence, pants are not always worn by annexes. Revision of a work on and too ready disposition to

Alm stars: such a senle is manifestly im- bring charges of failure to periods were treated by separate the two armies differed, and this practicable, especialy as different operate loyally. The technique of teams, liable to be broken up when in itself was a source of many their task was completed. In some misunderstandings. For example, from publication for many years cases volumes have been withheld British technique was marked by

(Continued on Page 4).

"I don't see anything wonderful about winning that after Bo many of the good playors have dropped out of the

'club."

DUMD-BELLES LETTRES. PENT UP BUSINESS Mr. Max Lowenthal, Landlord Blat Street at Park Avenue New York City Dear Sir:

I am

poor washa- woman. I think it would help my bizncas if I move into one of these Į hero penthousen sos I could dry the wash on the roof. Would you like to proposition mo?

a

Yours truly, Emma E-

I could dry the wosk on the roof.

YOU'D BE SURPRISED Vivien Ruth.

National Broadcasting Company New York City.

Dear Vivion Ruth:

My husband claims that be know you in high school bo- cause there was' a 'giri in his class who had the same kind of volce." He says the girl in his class was a reilhead and that you are a red- heal because he can tell a redhead from a blonde or brunette mérely by the voice.. Is he telling the truth?

Mrs. Holon L-