1933-12-09 — Page 13

PICTORIAL SUPPLEMENT

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH. SATURDAY, DECEMBER 9, 1933.

PAGE THREE

MODERN TURKEY WRESTS CONTROL FROM FOREIGNERS

Later he was to hammer again and again at old Moslem customs.

FIRST-HAND and Institutions.

VIEW

He abolished the wearing of the. red fez, and made it a criminal offence to persist in it. He broke up the powerful orders of the der-

OF RESULTS vishes, seized their monasteries

STRONG MAN CONTROL

By Milton Bronner

Mustapha Kemal's leadership in the successful war with Greece, and the equally triumphant outcome of the Treaty of Lausanne, the Turks knew ten years ago that they had found their strong man. But they did not know how strong he was; nor did any other statesman or soldier-except, perhaps, Mustapha himself.

and lands. Ilo forbade the Mos- fem Imams to be the teachers of Turkish youth. Henceforth chil- dren from 6 to 17 were to be edu- cated in state schools organized along western lines. Later he re- formed and westernized the Turk- ish University,,, at Constantinople.. When Turkish professors could not be found worthy of the posts, ho western nations. brought in learned men from Incidentally, Germans predominate today; many of them are brillant German Jaws and German Iberals who were driven from their own country by Hiller.

the status of women. He did not Next he turned his attention to give them the right to vote or hold office, but they were largely freed. They were no longer confined to Arrogant, tireless, clever and veil their faces, and to appear in harems; they, woré allowed to un- decisive, without fear or superati-publie with their husbands and fa- tion, he was also a man with a thers. Mustapha himself likod to vision-a dream of a new Turkey, dress in western evening clothes, a new state, rising from the pas-dance to Jazz music. So it was and go out to drink and dine, and toral solitudes of old Asia Minor.

Already, in 1922, he had shared a glimpse of that vision when he had boldly abolished the Sultanute, which had ruled Turkey for cen- turles. This was the more daring because the Sultan, as were all the Sultans, had been Caliph of the Moslem world-a spiritual as well us temporal lord. The new ruler of Turkey did provide a substituto Caliph however; he had his na- tional assembly elect a cousin of the deponed Sultan.

NEW PRESIDENT MODERNIZES AND NATIONALIZES TURKEY,

not long before Turkish women began to venture Into public din- ing rooms, wear Paris gowns, and entered the liberal professions of dance the modern steps. They even faw and medicine.

Polygamy WAS not abolished, but it is on the decline. Kemal never had n harem. He was mar-

ried once, and divorces. Childless now, he has willed all his possos- sions to the state.

BORROWS OTHER NATIONS' UP-TO-DATE LAWS.

Denying that the Koran was the fount of all wisdom, Mustapha In- troduced up-to-date laws. Turkey's Finally, on October 20, 1923, commercial code has been borrow- Turkey was procialmed a republiced from the Germans, the pensi and Mustapha was elected its pres-code from the Italians, the clyll Ident. Now he was really in the code from the Swiss. Next he saddle and ready to ride hard. started after the language and its Modernization, nationalization, writing. Scholars were assigned were his ideals. Turkey must be the job of eliminating foreign made completely laic state, he words from the Turkish vocabu- decided, purged of its traditional, lary. Everybody in the country blind faith in Mostem idenls. So under the age of 42 was ordered to the President abolished the Cali- learn and use the Latin instead of phate, kicking out the cousin of the Arabic, alphabet, which was so the already-banished Sultan. Deep- laborious to read. For ages; serv ly religious Turks were shocked. ices in the mosques had been con but Mustapha got away with it. ducted in Arabic, which the people

TURKEY DROPS HER VEIL-Contrasting pictures of women of the old empire (left) and of the Naw republic (right) typify the social changes wrought in the last ten years by Mustapha Kemal, dicta.

did not understand. The President ordered the priests to talk Turkey.

CONSTITUTION REDUCED TO A SCRAP OF PAPER.

tor-president.

lands, and that would be the Turk

ish government.

There has been only one serious difficulty in Kemal's triumphant march. In 1926 there was a revolt of the Kurds, fanatical Moslem warriors, who decided to set up an independent state of their own.. But they were døfëäted at last and leaders wero

The drive continued. In 1924 the national nasembly adopted n republican constitution witch for brevity, simplicity and democracy is said to compare favourably ́with { many of their the American' constitution. But executed. Mustapha has a short Mustapha Hoon reduced that to n way of treating with enemies-a serap of paper, for he gathered all } piece of rope. power into his own hands

and those of his old friend, Ismet Pasha, now Premier. He gagged the press, and turned the assembly into a mere debating society, with most of its members from his own political party.

men.

roads

with his neighbours, and even with his old enemies, the Greeks A new friendship has sprung up there, culminating only afow weeks ago in a vlait of the Greek Cabinet to Angora, whore a treaty was signed guaranteeing each other's frontiers and agreeing, to act together in foreign policies. DICTATOR GETS FIRST-HAND, VIEW OF HIS RESULTS:

WHAT WOMEN SEE IN MEN

By HELEN ROSE.

Womon have no interest whatever in men, except as lovers. When a man ceases to be the lover, and the romance has faded, she's through with him. They may continue to gother for years, but she has no real interest in him.

Occasionally Mustapha goes about among the peasants like a Haroun al Raschld, investigating their wants and observing the re- sulis of his reforms. Once at Tre- The averago woman is not inter bizend. he heard how the merchants ested in mon's careers or achieve. were crippled because overlandments except as they are reflected in trade with Persia had almost themselves, Successful men aro not stopped. He at once promised a worshipped merely because they've good motor road to the Persian down the Atlantic, or scaled Mount frontier. At Istanbul he heard Everest, or led a forlorn hope, but everyone complaining of Russia's for the splendid lovers they would dumping of cheap goods. Mustapha make. She confuses the herole clapped on a tariff that made the deed with the masculinity that ac- Russians look elsewhere for an companies it. overflow market.

The end of the tenth year of Kemal's mastery finds the country transformed. Its business, finance, government and agriculturo are largely in Turkish "hands. Swift motor cars and a network of good roads are making comel travel obsolete. Trucks and trains carry freight now. Angora, the capital, still has the aspect of a young

*

So when men pat themselves on the back, let them remember that there's nothing so splendid_to : a. woman as a klas. He is no Romeo unless he climbs the balcony..

Meeting a man for the first time a woman sizes him up by one measure only. If he is attracted by fal fellow; if not, he is a poor fish, her, then he is a brilliant, delight

and his clothes are all wrong.

conducted by foreigners by having colony, but is building into a mod laws passed favouring his country-ern city according to the plan of So when some dear little woman

Hundreds of miles of 'new

a Gorman architect. To-day there hangs on your words, you clover highways have been built, and rail- are new schools and hospitals and young man, she is merely wonder

ing why on earth you don't stop are pressing forward Into auditoriums.

drivelling and kiss her. No word now territories.

The last remnants of pictur-ever spoke so well na n kiss. esquenesa ure vanishing, but the people do not look back with re- gret to the era, of the Sultana. For the first time they are learning na.

DEPRESSION TAKES ITS TOLL IN TURKEY, TOo,

Like the rest of the world, Tur-

key has felt the depression. Her principal exports, tobacco, fruit,

cereais, cotton, oils and mohair, have decilned from 40 to 60 per Agriculture drow his attention cent. in price. To offset this, some next, for it is the principal indus- imports have been prohibited al- try of the Turks. Eight agricul- together-notably manufactured tural schools were established. foodstuffs, perfumes, wines, shoes, Modern implements and tractors fure, carpets, Jewellery, toys, cof- were purchased. The stato furton, alk and woollen made-up nished seeds to the peasants, aid- goods. This is to keep the money As a hold-over from the wank, ed in the formation of farm co- In the country and to encourage corrupt past of Turkey, foreigners operatives, and established an agri-home Industries. Imports and ex- resident in the country had been cultural bank. Mustapha put to- subject mainly to their own courts,bacco (the principal crop) under laws and judges. They were ex- atate monopoly, subsidized the empt from Turkish taxes and legal | sugar industry, and supervised the formalities. Mustapha stopped all manufacture of alcohol-all with that. He announced defintly to benefits to the state treasury. He all other nations that from now on launched an extensive "Buy Turk there would be only one boss with-ish" campaign. And he encouraged the confines of the Turkish Turks to go into business formerly

in

porta have been balanced by changing customs duties: And, more remarkable still, the govern ment's budget has been balanced.

As a result of Mustapha's for- eign policy, Turkey's position in Asia and Europe is the envy of most other countries. He has signed treaties of non-aggression

tionalism and civic responsibility Turkey's future rests in Mustapha's strong hands. What will come after him is na problematical as Italy's future after Mussolini.

are merely her revenge-nol for being left, but for not being loved!

Many a bachelor goes to the grave Hattering himself that he basn't been caught. He'd have been caught all right if he'd been worth catching. He's merely been sized up and thrown aside.

And after all, are men frightfully Interesting. In themselves? Isn't it more subtle to be absorbed in love than in the rise in copper or the three o'clock?

Platonic friendship between a man and a woman is utterly Impos- sible. It is not because the man is cause the woman has never boon. so apt to become the lover, but be- anything else. No woman wastes her time on friendship. She is merely hoping.

ever.

She has really little in cominon with a man. His tastes are not hera, If she wants. friend she would rather have another woman, one who can talk love, clothes, and bables, with her. In fact, unless the man is a lover women are fur happier with their own sex,

No woman is really jealous of a man's leaving her if he's ceased to be a lover. She would far rather bo rid of him. But she has to pre»: tend that she minds, so that the other women shall think that he van a lover."

Alimony and alienation awards "Continued on previous columni)

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1

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++

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PYJAMA CASES.-Attractive Colours in Soft

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DRESSING GOWNS.-Always a sensible gift for a man. Stocked in a large variety of materials, including the Lightweight Jacgers.

1

Priced from $21.00 to $60.00 each.

TIES.-A popular gift always. This year we have

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TABLE RUNNERS

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Size 8 by 12 $37.50 each.

Smart modern designs.

64 by 15" $21.50 each.

Napkins to match

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Fitted with one tray Particularly useful Gift $27.00, NESTS of Five Low Coffee Tables. Largest size 27" dia. $65 por sot.

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Exchange

SHOP GARLY

Building.