1933-01-23 — Page 26

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THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH. MONDAY, JANUARY 23, 1933.

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DESIRED AND AIMED AT BY JAPAN

ASSERTS COUNT UCHIDA.

IMPORTANT SPEECH TO DIET.

An important review of conditions in the Far East, of Japan's attitude to the Manchurian question, and her part in world pence, eccnomics and finances, was given by Count Uchida, the Japanese Minister for Foreign Affairs, at the 64th session of the Dict on Saturday.

The full statement by Count Uchida is supplied by the Japanese Consulate, as follows:

I have the privilege now to report on the latest developments which have occurred in the Major foreign ques- tions affecting this country since the extraordinary session of the Diet in August inst, and to state the views and policies of the Japancao Govern- ment concerning them.

public, and their contents are already known to you all.

Only Way to Peace,

Our observations are simply an elaboration from different angles of the fundamental view of the Japanese Government that the pence of Far East can be secured only by recogniz ing Manchukue and assisting it to

In pursuance of a sotiled, policy the Japanese Government algned the protocol concurrently with the Man-achlore chukuo Government on September 15, Inst.

healthy growth. Our Gov- ernment seized every occasion at the Council and the Assembly of the League, and in course of negotiation" Recognition of Manchukuo. with other Governments to expound By this instrument, Japan definite- this thesis of observations with utmost ly recognized Manchukuo as an in-care and thoroughness.

We will persist in our endeavours, dependent, state, while Manchukuo

regards the special Com- ledged to respect all rights and in- not only Lerests of Japan and her subjects in mittes of Nineteen, which resumed that country, secured either by trenty discussion on the Sino-Japanese dis- or through other agreements. More pute on January 10, but at various over, in view of the fact that ary meetings of the League and at every meance to Manchukuo has at once n possible opportunity until the above direct bearing on the wolfaro of thesia is thoroughly clucidated and Japan, provisions are also introduced understood. It is hardly necessary to for a joint defence of that State, and say that the Japanese Government, who have always extended their for the stationing in its territory of Japanese troops necessary for that hearty co-operation to the League, The protocol thus affords and devoted their best efforts to the purpone.

of its prestige, are full protection to the rights and In-enhancement

to collaborate terests of Japan in Manchukuo, and rendy, now as over, insures the safety of that country fully and in the friendliest manner alike from internal and exteral dan- with that hady in its efforis to con- tribute to the peace and prosperly of gers.

the Far East.

Effective Guarantee.

Analogy Must Fall..

However the Japanese Government believe that as long as the league is concerned with questions relating to Chinn, certain elasticity should bo allowed in the operation of the Co-

venant in view of the exceptional and

abnormal conditions of that country. In point of fact, the various prin

of ciples

It means that a new and effective) guarantee has been established for: maintenance of penco in the Far East. It is extremely gratifying that Man chukuo has made rapid and healthy progress, and especially that a mark- ed improvement has been achieved in its internal peace and order, con- sequent upon the successive annihila tion or dispersal of hordes of bandits.

international law and usage Thir situation naturally reacted

governing ordinary relationship be favourably upon the commerce and tween different statea are in practice Anances of Manchukus and the result-considerably modified when applied ant bones have been shared hy

to China, Japanese and ather foreign residents equally with the Manchurinns them- selves. Here we have concrete prof that the Japanese Government have not erreil in their belief that to rg- gnize the new state and to assist in its development, in the only way for

solution of the Manchurian

The Covenant of the League cannot alone remain an exception to that rule.

any attempt to apply the Covenant to the abnormal situation in China on the analogy of an apparently similar case or situation in European affairs is bound to fail. Such an attempt is vain, and unrealistic. It will only on a sound basis, and for the estal-compllente and aggravate the situa Hshment of penec in the Far East.

Fair and Just Position.

I am convinced that in view of the auspicious growth of Manchukuo and the universal advantage thereby eruing that all peoples will eventually recognize the fairness and justice of the position we have taken up garding Manchukuo. Nor have any doubt that in the end the Chines

Bthemselves will be brought regard E S

the mutual aid and the co-operation be- tween Japan, China and Manchukuo, each us an independent state, to be the best means of insuring pence in the Orient.

tion and injure, needlessly, the pre- stige of the League, inflicting there. by, n severe blow to the cause of uni- veranl

редсе.

For securing a permanent peace in the Oriert, the co-operation and unit-

110

magnitudo, attended as it is by reprezentatives of practically nations of the world. Because of natural solicitude of each and every participating Power for ita

Own national defence and consequent com- plications and conflicts of varied in- terests which, this entalis, the "Con- forence has na yet reached no general agreement.

Disarmament.

Disarmament as enterprise for penco, in not only one of the principal missions of the League of Nations, but it is matter which in at present engaging the greatest attention on the part of the Powers.

It has always been the policy of the Japanese Government to accord ain- cere co-operation And full con tributions to the enterprise. It is in accordanco with thin policy that our delegates now at Geneva to exerting their best alforts in collaboration with their collengues of other nation- alities to bring the conference to a auccessful conclusion, and that our government spontaneously submitted a proposal calculated to effect a dras- tic reduction in the naval armamenta of the world.

This proposal of ours covers among other items reduction in site of vessels of various classes, abolition of air- craft-carriers, reduction in the num ber

capital ships, and "A" class cruisers, and the reduction of total tonnage allotments of "B" class cruisers and destroyers, according to which, through abolition of aircraft- carries and reduction in the number of capital ships and “A” class cruisers alone, it is calculated that a reduction amounting altogether to 1,360,000 tous will be realised in the navier of Japan, Great Britain, United States, France and Italy,

the

Our

Equitable Proposals.

proposal is banod uport principles vf disarmanient generally accepted at the present Conference, particularly the princi- ple that power for attack should be reduced and power for defence increased. From the same principle It logically follows that "greater sacrifices should be runde by a supe rior naval Power than by an inferior one, If the two were both to reduce their navies in equal ratio, sense of security on the part of latter would be unduly and unjustly diminished. am coufident that since, our proposal takes into account, as far as possible, nil points insisted upon by the varioun Powere concerned, thorough exanti- nation will finally convince them of its practicability as well as of its equity nad reasonableneza.

World Economics.

To turn to the economic field through out the world, in addition to ob- structions to trade created by the suis- pension of the gold standard system by more than forty rations, the enl- lapre of the price of silver, and the confusion existing in exchange

markets, we see that all countries are bunily engaged in erecting artificial trade barriers by raising customs tarifa or by putting limitations or prohibitions on exports and imports.

It is to bo greatly regretted that na result of this polley of closed doors, which is now practised everywhere in trade and industry, the universally cherished principle of freedom of trade has been entirely reversed. The principle of free exchange of goods between nations constitutes along with that of freedom of travel and residence the very foundation of gen-

efforts, as I said before, of Japan, China and Manchukuo are essential. At the same time, harmony and pol- taboration between Japan, Manchukuo and the Union of the Soviet and Socialist Republics are equally tmerl progress and prosperity,

portant.

Soviet Attitude.

Fortunately Soviet Union-Govern- ment, ever since the beginning of the I may add at this point a few Manchurian incident maintained words regarding Jehol. Viewed histori. attitude to mar their relation with a matter for con- Tally, there is no room fur doubt as to Japan. This is

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Lhe fact that the Great Wall marksgratulation, for mutual relationship the boundary separating China from between Japan, Manchukuo and tho Manchuria and Mongolia. Particularly Soviet Union.

in the light of circumstances leading

There are those who fear whether

to the establishment of Manchukuo the recent restoration of diplomatic | relations betwen the Soviet Union and

£31

it in evident that Jehol constitutes China might not add vigour to com. integral part of the new State. How- ever, manoeuvres for creating distur-munist propaganda throughout the bances in that province have of Inte Orient. This is not occasion for me been notoriously rife and some con- to pass judgment upon this sort of tingents of regular troops under Chang opinton, However should the Red Hauch-liang crossed the border into movement in the Yangtze Valley and South Chinn, which have long suffered Jchol.

from the activities of communists and the depredations of communist armies, While the so called Jchoi question gain in strength as a result of the is purely a domestic affair for Man Sing-Russian rapproachement that chukuo, Japan is, of course, bound by would be a serious menace to peace the recent protocol to join forces within the Orient, against which Japan that country in the task of maintain-must certainly be on guard. ing pence and order throughout its; territory. The question, therefore, in

Japan's Duty,

Non-Aggression Pact,

view of the treaty obligation, is a I may take this opportunity to say matter of serious concern to the Gov-something on the question of the non- ernment of Japan. As for China, the aggression pact between Japan and political confusion in the country con- the Soviet Union. The principle of the ilnues as eyer, while anti-Japanese non-aggression pact between Japan movement shows no sign of abate-jami Søvlet in not only embodied in the

ment.

Russo-Japanese basle treaty signed It was reported that during plenary some years ago at Peking and pro- session of the Central Executive Com vided for in the anti-war pact to mittee of Kuomintang, convened at which they are both signatorics, but Nanking in December last, a proposal has shown itself to be a living force, for a positive campaign against Japan as being fully demonstrated by the was submitted "which"called for actual relations between the two coun- military operations along the North tries during past years and especially China frontier, support for the volun- during the trying period of a more re- teer armies of the north east, and an cent date. anti-Japanese boycott.

Warning to China.

་

Only when it comes to the matter

of clothing this principle and this actual relationship' in a formal trenty Information obtained from various of non-aggression, views vary ns to sources since leads us to believe that time and form. You know how varied this proposal for a positive anti-opinion has been on the matter alnce actually last apring when a proposal was first Japanese movement was adopted by the Kuomintang Congress, advanced by the Soviet Union. In As a matter of fact, Chinese troops view of divergent opinion stoutly are of late in process of concentration maintained in different quarters, the near the borders of Manchukuo and Japanese Government concluded that some of them have, as I have aiready the time has not yet arrived for stated, invaded the province of Jehol, negotiating a Non-aggression Pact The Japanese Government cannot look superimposed upon treaties now in upon such a state of affairs in China force. without the gravost apprehension.

No Aggression Intended.

Our reply to that effect was sont to Soviet Union Government toward That does not the end of last year. mean of course that wo entertain the remotest intention of aggression in the Soviet Union, but quile the con- trary, and I am sure our position is fully understood and appreciated by the Soviet Union,

We are compelled to warn the Gov- ernment and people of Chian against any unfortunate eventualities that may arise from the situation and Invite them to think seriously before proceeding further in that direction

The report of what has come to be called, the Lytton Commlaston on the Sino-Japaneno question was submitted to the Council of the League of

The general Disarmament Confer- Nalons in October last, and the ob- ence since it first met at Genova in servations of the Japanese Govern- February last, continued its dollborn- teent on ramo report were submitted tions on various important questions In November to the same body. Since covering, laud, sex, and alt forces, then there documents were both made: This is a conference of unprocedented

Whenever this cardinal principle gentes to operate amoothly there will be no means of realizing common well heing and prosperity of all nations and no hope for trus progress and the peace of mankind. However, it in encouraging that the desire to conduct earnest investigations as to the best means of ridding the world of its economic ills in becoming more Ap parent everywhere. The Japanese Government are prepared to lend a) willing hand in this kind of Interna tienul undertaking.

... World Conference,

For instance, the World Economic and Financial Conference, to be con- veked in the near future, is an EX- pression of this universal aspiration and our Government; participating in the conference of the Preparatory Committee, are proceeding in conjunc tion with the other governments with various kinds of preliminary studien. We will do all in our power to make that conference a success.

Thus far I have apoken on various aspects of foreign questions confront- ing Japan. I desire to conclude my adires within few words the basic ideas of Japanese Government which underlie all that I have stated abave.

Basic Principles,

on

It is needless to any that the funda.. mental principle of Japan's foreign

ATLANTIC DRAMA·

22 MEN SAVED FROM FREIGHTER

New York, Jan. 21. A thrilling rescue was carried out by the United States Lins

the middle of the Atlantic to-day, steamship, American Merchant, in

when 22 members of the crow of tho British cargo boat, Exoter City, were towed to safety by a lifeboat.

The American Merchant stood by for 12 hours unable to maslat the foundering cargo steamer which had ban caught and bat tered by a galo 600 miles off Cupe- Race.

Before the arrival of the res cuara, the captain and three mem- bers of the crow of the ill-fated vessel had been washed overboard, and it was not until twelve hours after arriving on tho sceno that the American Merchant was ablo to throw a line aboard and tow a lifeboat with 22 men to safety.

policy is to secure the peace of the Orient, and as a corollary, that of the world. Now It is the view of the Japanese Government that in the light of reallites of the international situa- tion,

is essential, in order to obtain true peace, that while accepting the universality of various principles sub- 'serving the cause of pence, duo and

proper elasticity corresponding exigencies of actual conditions should be allowed in their practical applica- tion.

to

It is also imperative to respect those real forces which are actually rendering peace possible in various parts of the world. The League of Nations Covenant very wisely pro vides that regional understandings shall be respected. In this sente our Government believe any plan for erecting the edifice of peace in the Far Ennt should be based upon the recognition that the constructive force of Japan is the mainstay of tran- quility in this part of world. Japan entertains no territorial designs any- where in the globe; she has no inten- tion to pick a quarrel with any coun- try.

to

Japan's Only Desire. Sho only desires

ensure her national existence by such means n will accord with international justice and to work hand in hand with neigh. bar nations for the peace of the Orient and of the world.

It is our resolve and our duty as a nation to see that she contributes her resources, her power, and her prestige, to that end. Such has been the under- lying spirit of Japus's foreign policy ever since the Brst days of Meiji. Such is the spirit behind the action wo have taken in regard to the Man- churinn question to Russo-Japanesg relations, and the activities of the League of Nations in the Far East.

Our recent proposal for naval dia armament has been inspired by the same iden. It is the ardent hope of the Japanese Government that Japan, guided by this alf pervading spirit, may mnninin the friendliest relations with all untiore, promote both.com. mercial and cultural intercourse, and pursue the path leading to the realiza tion of the higher ideals of humanity,

"Iron and Blood,"

Shanghai, Jan. 22. That the Japanese are determin- cd to occupy Jehol, thus threaten- lng the security of the whole of inference North China, is the drawn by the Shun Pao from the speech of Count Uchida to the Japanese Diet yesterday.

The paper is of opinion that the League of Nations is, unable exercise any restraint upon Japan and nothing can save China from being conquered except the Chinese people rising and defending their country "with iron and blood."

to

48

"It is absolutely absurd", says the Shun Pao, "for Count Uchida to object to the movements of Chi- nese troops in Chinese territory."

The paper brands the Japanese occupation of Shanhaikwan "pure robbery"-Routers Special. Nanking Reaction

Nanking, Jan, 22. The Chinese capital has evinced little interest in Count Uchida's speech to the Japanese Dict.

The general opinion is that ho Hald nothing new yesterday, but only reiterated Japan's well-known standpoint.-Reutor,

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