1929-08-23 — Page 2

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THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH. FRIDAY, AUGUST 23, 1529.

WATER OR AIR?

INTERESTING WATER METER

CONTEST. ·་

Bevéro After the period of restriction there are several com- plaints that people have been charged for excess consumption, despite the facts that every care was taken by them to economise and that the restrictions did not permit "excess" consumption.

An interesting case in point has come to notice. It is that of on the R local resident who, charge for excess consumption be ing made, took the casa up with the Water Authority, believing that the water had not been con sumed, and because the statement in the account, at that critical time, was liable to create a very bad Impression.

in his letter of complaint he called attention to the fact that once before, in 1922, when he had not a drop of water for two weeks he had been charged $30 for ex- cess consumption in the quarter, the meter having, in his opinion, the been. "registering alr" as

mater could "mechanism of the be heard quite distinctly whirling round at great speed and the hands of the dials registering -rapidly," The same rouble re- curred recently, during the water shortage, the claim being that the meter was registering air when the water was turned off.

Official Reply.

In reply to the complaint the Water Authority anid he found no reason to doubt the accuracy of the meter and offered to have a test made of it under the usual regulations.

·RICKSHA PULLER,

TENTH HORSEPOWER

· ENERGY REQUIRED..

A

The rioksha with its human mo. live power is an indigenous pro- duet of China, with which daily contact has bred such famillarity that one hardly gives it a thought, yet the ricks puller le in a peculiar class by himself. scientist, Dr. Adolph Basler. Direc tor of the Physiological Institute of the Sun Yat-sen University, Canton, saw fit to make a series of observations on the ricksha puller, and the conclusions drawn from his findings make very inter- esting reading. Dr. Basler con- tributed an article on this sub- feet to an American scientific pub-. iication, and this is what he says;

A peculiarity of the Chinese street scene is a vehicle strange to Europeans, but used in East Asin, the ricksla. To the physiologist the man drawing the ricksha Is especially interesting, for the rick- sha puller is a man trained for one speelal movement only, fast locomotion.

Two kinds of running can be distinguished: (1) Relatively slow running with 100 double paces in one minute and with a length of step up to 210 cm. The foot la posed in the same manner as in walking. The sole touches the rround completely during a short time before pushing off with that' foot. (2) The second kind of running, making possible a quick- er locomotion, involves contact only between the toes and ball of the foot and the ground; but this kind of running can not be con- Unued for any long time.

Peculiar Gall.

The complaint was not against the accuracy of the registration but exactly what the meter re-

In the ricksha puller there, is a or nir. gistered-water

The Water Authority quoted consump-rolling motion of the foot, which tion figures for the firat and is both directly visible and de- second quarters of 1929, for July monstrable in photographs. It is and part of August, the consump-characteristic of the first kind of tion for the 1st quarter being running, and corresponds with the 16,000 gallons, for the second length of the slep. In order to 21,000 gallons, for July 6,000, and demonstrate this I marked off in n for 11 days from July 23rd to very busy street a measured dis- Lance, and from a window situated August 3, 3,000 gallons.

not very far from the street I counted the steps taken by ricksha pullers in covering this distance. This method has the advantage that the observed person is not aware of being observed, and the length of step is that usually em ployed. Unlike Jaboratory experi- ments all movements are uncon

The complainant retaliated with figures for 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, and the first quarter of 1929, in hope of which years had there been any excess consumption until 1929 when 1,000 gallons excess was "averaged".

normal power. In my

observa-

tions the double step was from 130 up to 200 m. long. depending

So far nothing had been proved or demonstrated and both the complainant and the Water Au-strained and show no more than thority were content to believe the meter in good working order. A new point arose, however, that of "averaging" an excess con-upon the degree of fatigue. Ac- sumption when there had been no curding to Weber a step of 210 cm. exees. The complainant objected length forms. the border beyond that when there were no restries which only the toes and ball of the fione in supply, no excess had been foot touch the ground. registered against him thetween

The number of paces in a minute October 1925 and March 1929) but varied between seventy-six and that during a period of stringent restrictions he was credited with eighty-seven. The velocity of for- having consumed 6.00 gallons in word movement of the body was excess of his allowance, despite from 109 to 162 m, in a minute, or the fact that the strletest precau- from 6,600 to 9,700 m, in aulour. tions had been taken ta eromumise In ordinary running the ar an water consumption in every are also moved, each in reversc direction.

Fortunate Consumer.

J

dirvėtian from the homonymous leg. This movement is impossible or at least very limited in the The position was then explained | ricksha puller, because he puts the by the Water Authority in the forearms on the shafts; but as the statement that "the reason why ancient Greeks practised rouning there was apparently no excess in an ambling pace, ie, right arm water consumption for a long time find right leg forward at the sama way because the old meter had time, it appears that the move- been under-registering and atment of running is not hindered times not registering at all." Auby fixing the arms, array of figures-the actual men. surements, of. consumption JIM shown by a new meler, were aup- plied with the remark that "In other words, you had been using more water than was registered by the old meter."

No Lifting Force.

In estimating the work done in drawing the rickshut it must be remembered that the ricksha is a constructed that during motion the centre of gravity is over the axle. Consequently the puller need exact uo force upwards, but

While these figures were taken as eonclusive, the complainant, but half satisfied with the outcome of the investigation, was constrained to record his "grent astonishment" that it had taken the department are probably a number of other "just three years to make the dissimilar cases which have not covery that tho old meter was

come to public attention and it is functioning adveracly

not at all improbable that there Government" during that period. are many others who belleve that The correspondenco in the case their meters are registering "fair" offers food for thought. There instead of water.

SALESMAN ŞAM

San

PULLED A

BONER YESTERDAY, |BY GOING-

| "TOWORK - JON HIS NEW] JOB AT

NIE ALLIGATOR OSTRICH

· FARM,

IN A

TUXEDO-

the 40

CAN'T AFFORD TA PULL ANY LET'S SEE NOW- IT'

| MORE DUMB STUNTS, SO I GUESS||SAYS HERE THAT

THE BIRD. FEEOS ON WORMS AND OTHER THINGS - AND IT EATS INSECTS AN'

WILD FRUIT-

1 BETTER READ UP ON OSTRICIES TONIGHT, SO I'LL KNOW HOW TO

HANDUS 'EM TOMORROW-

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A

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can apply all his power for pulling. from 2 to 5 kg. to a height of aed is only a few minutes at a This traction on level ground need thousand metres and does a time. Both the amount of ex- only overcome the resistance of quantity of work of from 2,000 to ternal work per minute and the in duration for which I can ba friction. I have found this resist- 5,000 kgm. The work done

is from 260 to 650 maintained are 'therefore less than ance to be from 2 to 5 kg. for the one minute

that of the Egyptians who lift occupied ricksha, according to the [kgm. nature of the ground.

water from the Nile, while them- These

Power Expended.

selves standing still, or that of figures harmonize with other data

Thus during fust locomotion French navvies ascending a ladder.. about one tenth of a horsepower It la much less than that of the

In a university The work done by the ricksha is used for drawing the ricksha. Daramen puller is consequently the same as This is the expenditure of energy during a boat race. The energy if he were drawing à cord over a jover and above that which would which the puller can apply to pulley at the end of which is joccur during running at the same drawing the ricksha is limited by fastened a weight of from 2 to 5 pace without drawing the loaded the 'considerable exertion involved. kg. In effect while traversing ricksha. The period during which in transporting his own body by one kilometro he lifts a weight of this high velocity can be maintain- Irunning.

for the frictional resistance.

That's a Bird!

́IN "TH' WINTER IT

FLIES SOUTH, WHERE) || (TS WARM, AN' IN "TH":

SUMMER, IT FLIES NORTH, WHERE ITS WARM"- MIGOSH, TH! BIRD FLIES. BOTH

WAYS!

IT'S THE SUBJECT OF THE ARTISTS BRUSH AND THE POETS PEN, AND SOME OF] "THEM LAY EGGS, WHILE HE BUILDS HER NEST IN

TREES ==

SHUCKS! THAT WAS A CINCH! I'VE GOT IT ALL MEMORIZED ALREADY!

יד

By Small

PARDON ME FOR MY MISTAKE, BUT THE BOOK I GAVE YOU WAS ABOUT

ROBINS!

crew