1929-02-14 — Page 2

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THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH.

LECTURE BY FR.

` GALLAGHER.

RELIGION OF TO-DAY AND THE

SCIENCE OF TO-MORROW.

EXISTENCE ́ OF GOD. ·

THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 14, 1929.

complicated than the order, for world there are, countless com- instance, in the works of a watch,posite organisms. or, in fact, any other mechanical device that we know. Now, if the smallest machanleal work de-

All are the Same.

mands of a designer adapting suficient for a surgeon to make; Anatomy and Physiology: It in. means to a particular end, then a detailed study of one human much more does the vast mechan body to give him perfect coll- lam of the universe,

adence in performing operations Let us begin with a few pre-on any who require ble aid. The liminary remarks,

human eye, ear, muscles, nerves. 1. We do not assert that the brain are the same all the world Continuing the series of lectures world is the most perfect that over. There may be alight ne on Religion and Science, the Rey could exist. We grant that therecidental differences but essential- Fr. R. Gallagher, S.J., gave an is possibility of improvement. ly all are the same. address at St. Patrick's Hall lost The scheme of the world ne it is evening on "The Religion of To-

Tho. spectroscope shows that planned, Is most wonderfully the atoms of hydrogen on 'Siriur day and the Science of To-morrow."planned. It is not the most perfect are the same

of The Rev. Fr. Gallagher declared that could be planned.“

as the atoms hydrogen on this earth though that religion has nothing to; fear 2. We do not say-as so many there are thousands of millions of from science and the religion of accuse us of saying-that the smiles between the two. to-day will be enhanced, not wen-gument from design, taken by it kened by the eclence of to-morrow. self, proves that the 'designer was The lecture is given in full below: all-powerful or that he created the This evening, ladies and gentle- universe. It is sufficient in the men, I am going to show that Re- first part of the proof to show ligion. 1o. the relation that exists that to explain the order that between man and God, is not does exist there must have been necessarily based on the authority an intelligent originator. of others, but that man by using 3. We do say that science and his senses and his intellect is the theory of evolution help in forced into accepting the funda-a wonderful way to establish our mental truth of all religion, the thesis,N existence of God. I am not deny ing that man can and that man does make an act of Faith in the existence of God. All I nasert is that, prescinding from all authorl- ty, the human intellect is capable of arriving at a certain, definito knowledge of the existence, and to a limited extent of the nature

of God.

Philosophy divides the argu- ments into three kinds: 1. Meta physieni: based on self evident first principias, us the Principle of Causality, the Principle of Suf- ficient Reason; 2. Physical; argu- ments drawn from the phenomenn of nature, the content of ex- perlence; 3. Moral: based on the general conduct of mankind.

In the second part, making uso of the argument of causality, wa shall show that the ultimate caus of it all is an Infinite Being--God..

Order in the Universe.

the wings (of

The beauty the flowers, of feathers of birds, is the

butterfly, of the wherever these flowers, butterflies or birds are found.

Bart

proof on the constancy of nature. And so we might pile proof on

The order is useful.

1.

2,

1. Astronomy maps out for us 13. the orbits of the planeta.. the periodicity of the double stars. It has established Bode's Law, and Keppler's laws. It has fixed the laws of light and by those laws has been able to calculate the dis. tances of stars.

2. Hiology, Botany, Zoology have, because of the wonderful almi- Inrities, and equally wonderful differences in the cells, plants and animais, been able to reduce these In this lecture I shall use the things to definite and clearly dia- second kind, specifically the argu-linet groUPA, ment from design, to prove the 3. Anatomy and physiology first part of my thesis; and the show what a marvellous machine argument from the principle of the human body s both in ita cangality to prove the second structure and in its functional ad part.

tivities.

of

4. Chemistry and physics have done for the molecule, atoma, ions and electrons what Botany has done for the plants, Zoology for the animals.

1:

Within the last two years both thore arguments have been clted by two men who profess to do away with religion on the strength them. Neither of the two men have quoted the arguments In whatever branch they specia- correctly. In a book, published lize scientists look for plan and in 1928, F. II. Hayward sums up design. Their whole striving in the whole Catholic position In five to reduce phenomena to laws dia paragraphs on one page. His coverable from the manifestations first paragraph reads: "That, as of the phenomena themselves. the universe is in existence, it This is a senseless proceeding un- must have been brought into exin-lens "What re prepared to admit. tence at some time or other by a which they are, that in the world Creator." That is not the argu- there is an order or orders govern- ment from contingence and doesed by laws. That order is con not give the principle of causality. stunt.

Argument from Design.

4.

5

G,

7.

The inclination of the earth's axis-23,5—allows the maxi-

mum of the earth's surface to be warmed by the rays of the

sun.

The atmosphere in exactly suited to man, or, if you prefer, man is perfectly adapted to the atmosphere which surrounds him.

Man and the animals brenthe in oxygen and breathe out car- bon-dioxide, plants on the other hand absorb carbon- dioxide and give off oxygen- compensation.

Water is the only liquid that is densest before it drops to freezing point. If that were not so the world would be n frozen maan in a short time,

The eye of man, condor, upider, bat are all suited to their requirements.

Countless other phenomena show exactly the same thing: symbiosis, the adaptation of plants, animals und of man hims self to the climatic conditious in which they happen to find themselves.

The wonderful Instinct dis- played by the insect and animal kingdom. The Sphex" killing the motor nerves of the grub in which she deposits her eggs; the bee building its hives so as to achieve the maximum of sirength with the minimum of material.

Chance.

constant. The order is useful.

There in order, The order is

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Now, if I pick up a watch, I argue af once that it was made by an intelligent being. Froni Astronomy: In our solar sysy mechanical work. I unhesita- tem astronomers are able to cal-tingly draw the same conclusion. In a lecture delivered by Mr.culate very many years in ad. The more perfect the machine the Bertrand Russell at Battersea, in vance, not merely that there will March, 1927, before the Nationalbe an eclipse of the sun, But they higher I rate the intelligence

which designed Secular Society, he gives the ar- are able to tell exactly the path manner from the marvellous or, gument from design this form: of the shadow, and fix before der in the world I am compelled "Everything in the world is made [hand telescopic cameras so acto admit an intelligent designer. just so that we can live in the curately that at the moment of do not say an Infinite but an in- world, and if the world were ever totality-sometimes only a matter teugent. No! not intelligent. If Ba little different we could not of a few seconds-photos of the not intelligent there is only one manage to live in it. That is the phenomenon can bo secured. other explanation-chance. Now, argument from design. It some- They did no in England two years by chance I do not mean the nega- times takes a rather curious form ngo and are going to do the same tion of cause. No effect has ever for instance, it is argued that in Sumatra this year. Transits been produced without something rabbits have white talls in order of Venue and Mercury can be caleffecting it. The thing which ef to be easy to shoot. I do not culated with absolute accuracy fects we call cause. But

an ef- know how the rabbits would view the same way. The next will be feet may be intended or not in- the application."

on June 8, 2004.

tended. If the effect is not in- Mr. Bertrand Russell in a clever Because of a slight deviation tended then we have chance. man, an able thinker. In the pre-from its normal course the planct Does chance explain the world? faco to his work, Analysis of Matter, Uranus enabled two men, Lever Let us suppose that on three suc- he shows the instincts of a great rier of France and Adams of Eng-cessive days, at the same time scientist, for he speaks with land, to work out by pure mathe and in the same place, my hat is modesty of the difficulty of his matics, quite Independently of dented by an apple falling on it, task and of the meticulous care one another, the position of the common sense tells me to find out with which he should proceed. disturbing cause, and so lend to the reason. The thing may have Why does he shed both when be the discovery of the planet Nep- happened once by chance, but talks about religion? Why, in-tune. Even such apparently irre, three times puts it outside the stead of being intellectual, doesgular bodies пн comets and realm of chance. It is too con- he become shallow; and why, meteora can be reduced to perio-stant. How much more docs not the when he should advance cautious die formulae. In 1934, according wonderful constancy of the world ly does he indulge in flippancy? to Professor Pickering, we are to eliminate any satisfactory That argument is not the argu-have a maximum display of theplanation along the lines ment from design.

The argument from design is Biology from the study of a roses always roses; why does not, proved that to the hilt, Science into 101 pockets, or one who can this: 1, There exists in the world comparatively infinitesimal num now and again, a plum tree bear has not proved it. Science as-so control the ball he strikes that an order and an adaptation of aber of cells is sure of its ground inapples. Why are men's eyes al-sumes it, Lasing its assumption on by imparting a certain spin to it very wonderful kind; 2, That ar- generalising to the cell though in ways the sume. If the develop certain evidences of evolution. he is able to sink it and the other; der is constant, regular and very one composite organiam as a plantment is one of chance there is no But even if it were true, who is 100 balla into the pockets he in useful; 3. That order is proved or the human body there are mil reason why they should be. the mere skilful man, one who tended. An intelligent being by all the sciences;. 4, It le mora lions of such cells, and in the But they are all evolved from a has a hundred and one billard

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