1929-01-19 — Page 5

THE · HONGKONG TELEGRAPH,

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SATURDAY, JANUARY 19, 1929.

NEED FOR FRONTIER CHANGING “FASHIONS”

ADJUSTMENT.

IN JOINTS.

GERMANY AND POLAND MEET

DIFFICULTIES,

-+

FARMERS NOW TO BREED

SMALLER CATTLE.

We have received the following! The housing problem, which has communication from our Danzig so increased the number of small- correspondent:

roomed houses, is providing the Provious to the war the (doas Britlah farmer with a new problem and ideals of the Pan-Slav groupthe breeding of Briail cattle in were to a large extent fostered keeping with the limited necom- by quarters in close touch with the modation of modern ovens, Russian Government, and they facts revealed by the Smithfield This is one of the Interesting also had a considerable number of Club Cattle Show, opened recently adherents in Poland. It is not at the Royal Agricultural Hall. surprising, therefore, to see that after the collapse of the Czarist which Jargo joints give to many "Quite apart from the problem reprime la Russia-Poland adopted housewives, said an exhibitor, "we the Pan-Slav programme and de- are finding that the general taste. manded that the "bastion" of the changing. The demand of all Vistula basin should be enlarged classes to-day is for small joints, by making the German-Polish which have only to be served up frontier colneident with the line of cold once. S the River Oder, so that soveral Prussing provinces including the German Baltic seaports. of Konigs herg, Danzig. and Stettin would have to be incorporated with Po- land. The Polish politicians, In raising this demand, based their claims on the thirteenth of Presi- dent Wilson's "Fourteen Pointe”. which gave Poland a right to all districts undoubtedly inhabited by

The King was one of the most succesful, cxhibitors. In the three livestock sections he took three first prizes, seven seconds, a third and two fourths The Prince of Wales gained the silver cup for the best shorthorn, and won two firsts. and a third with stoors.

a Polish population. They asked penn solidarity, because the two. that Germany should renounce her countries aro economically and title to the whole of the Prussian Politically dependent upon one an- provinces of East Prussia Wester in many ways. It is a well- Prussian and Posen and to coal derby which Germany's vital in- known fact that the Polish Corri- derable portions of the provinces of Silesia and Pomerania, and itterests are impaired is the main was only for the reason that it obstacle to Germany's refusal to was impossible to deny the ab- conclude what is called an Eastern solutely German character of the Locarno, The readjustment of the population of some of the districts unnatural and impossible frontier concerned that they waved their many. If the necessary good will is of cardinal importance to Ger- original claim to the whole of the is shown on both sides, it ought Oder line,

not to prove so very difficult to Ethnologically, the position. Is remove, by a fair policy of give and that, as far as the provinces of take, the barrier that, obstructs Posen is concerned, 75% of the the path of an understanding be- inhabitants consider themselves tween Germany and her eastern. as belonging to the Polish, and neighbour, and in order to improve

25 as belonging to the German the mutual relation between the race. In West Prusain, however, two countrics it is necessary that about 60% are, German and about this should be done. 15 are Poles, whilst the remain- ing 25% re Cassubians, these latter being a Slav tribe not shar- ing the national aspirations. of Poland, In East Prussia the per- centage of Germans la 97, in Pomerania practically 100, and in Silesia with the exception of a purt of Upper Silesia, where only 602 are of the German race- about 90.

Versailles Promises,

118

In spite of these incontestable facts Poland was promised, during the preliminary discussions at Versailles, the German provinces of Posen, and West Prussia, well as the southern part of East Prussia, and it was not until Ger- many raised a strong protest against this decision that Mr. Lloyd George was Induced, in the face of violent Pallah protests, to introduce a provision according to which plebleiles should be held In the southern section of East Prussia and in that part of West Prussia which is situated cast of the lower Vistula. These, plebis- elles took place in July 1920 under Allied control and resulted in a

of Germany, Mr. Lloyd George was also successful in having his) suggestion adopted that Danzig should be made n "fret city.", Ae- cordingly, the seaport of Danzig together with the district Aur rounding the mouth of the Vistula, having an area of 2,000 square klometres and a population · of 390,000 (95% of them German). was made into an independent state under the name of "Free City of Danzig." No plebiscites were held in Posen or in the greater part of West. Prussia or in the territory of the newly created "free city."

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The plen might be raised that it) was necessary for Poland to re-i ceive slirect access to the sea and that this necessity would justify the methods adopted at Versailles. This contention, however, is base- Tess, and it is difficult to under- stand why the perfectly reasonable proposal submitted at Versailles by Germany in connexion with this matter should have been turn- led down. The German proposal-

which was, indeed in conformity with the original proposals of the Allies and of President Wilson- was that Poland should be granted unimpeded access to the sea by the internationalization of the Vistulu subject to international guarantees and that she should be allowed to enjoy unrestricted privileges in regard to transhipment matters. within certain areas set aside for this purpose in the German Baltic porte of Konigsberg, Danzig and Stettin. The principle underlying. this suggestion has already work ed very successfully In connexion with the internationalization of the Rhine, the. Danube, the Oder, etc., and there is no reason why it should not work equally well in the case of the Vistula.

Eastern Locarno?

Instead of this, however, it was decided at Versailles to perpetuate the antagonism between Germany and Poland. In a manner which de lays indefinitely the understand-! ing between the two countries--- an' understanding which is neces- Isary in the best interests of Euro-

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