1927-04-23 — Page 6

6

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THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH,

THE GREAT SEAL.

INTERESTING STORIES OF

· BRITISH EMBLEM.

SATURDAY,

20,000 PEOPLE TO ONE DOCTOR.

DISEASE RAVAGES IN RUSSIA.

J

A new Great Seal-the expres- sion of the King's pleasure in its The fourth Soviet Medical Con- most solemn form is being made.gress just concluded at Moscow has

The first known Great Seal was a small piece of lead attached by a silk thread to a Charter of Edward the Confessor. Groon wax was aub- stituted for metal by the time of

APRIL 23, 1927.

ment not under his jurisdiction. After citing other cases, the Prav- da concludes:

WOMEN 3,000 YEARS

AGO.

MANICURE SET AND EAR

CLEANER.

which, though they had lain in the earth at Mortlake. 2,500 years be- foro they were dug up, would yet servo their original purposes.

London's prehistoric Women greatly favoured Dorset shale and Yorkshire jet as the materials of many their ornaments, particularly bracelets.

These cases are only examples, and they do not therefore give a real picture of the difficult condi- tions-murder, assault, and insult- ing behaviour to which doctors are exposed. But to all this should

Centuries before the Romans, in tors by the hooligans, in order that there were women living on the which closely resembled the modern be added the ill-treatment of doc-A.D. 43, first landed in this country,

They wore hairpins of bronzo revealed the terrible conditions these conditions should be better site of the West End of London hatpin, and around which they under which the medical profession understood. is working in the Soviet Republic

who, in their own primitive way, wound their long tresses very cun- and shows that the consequences of

atrove just as much to be "fushion-ningly. this state of affairs are far-reach-

able" as the women who to-day ing in connexion with the health

Regent-street, and Oxford-street, throng the shops of Bond-atreet, of the people.

anys a Home_paper. They were women of the Bronze Age, which ex- tonded from about 2,000 to 500 B.C. and of the Early Iron Age, which covered the period between 500 B.C. and A.D. 43, when the Roman con- quest of Britain began.

the Conquest. The Seal itself is not a signot but consists of two silver plates, in one of which is cut the impression of the front of the In addition to being under-paid device and in the other that for the (the average earnings of a Soviet back. The obverse shows, from medicul officer wore officially re time immemorial, the Sovereign cu- turned as 92 roubles a month, or throned and surrounded by figures about 468. a week) members of the nymbolical of the virtues. The medical profession are living, ne- reverse-until the present reign cording to the Pravda, in an atmes- represented the sovereign on horse-phere of distrust and suspicion back, King George created a pre- They are subject to ruthless official cedent by figuring on the coun- persecution and are frequently as ter seal as an admiral standing onsaulted by officials and patients or the deck of a battleship.

their relatives.

Sealer And Chaff-Wax.

Casos were cited of suicide among doctors in consequence of When a Seal is required for aflix-"the soulless treatment" by chiefs ing as expressive of the Sovereign's of local Soviets and of actual mur- approval to some important Act of der by high officials. Among the State or appointment a large chunk after cases, the Pravda drew spe- of wax is softened in hot water,cial attention to the case of then cooled in cold, after which it Comrade Sorokin, the Chief of the is placed between the two.plates State Planning Department of the and pressed.

Tartur Soviet Republic, who killed the local medical officier merely to assert his authority in a depart

The process is performed by by two officers--the Sealer and the

Chaff-wax.

The death of the Sovereign, the wearing out of the mechanism, or the change in royal arms or style (as in the present enso) necessit- ates the making of a new Seal, the cost of which is between $400 and £600.

Since 1878 many documents which formerly had to pass the Great Seal have under statute been impressed with a water reproduc- tion of the seal instead. In 1916,

as a measure of war economy, a. wafer Grout Seal on loan paper was substituted for certain documents, such as patents of knights, and conges d'elire of archbishops and bishops. The Royal Assent, patents of Peers and baronets, the appoint- ment of judges must still be on parchment and hear the Great Seal

The castodian of the Great Seal is the Lord Chancellor, and as such -now that the Primate no longer combines both offices-is the second man in the kingdom. The solem- nity of its custody is shown, by the fact that it has never been out of the kingdom since 1521, when Wol- ey, on a mission to Calais, took it there. In 1915 the first Great Seal of Charles II, was discovered in a volume of the Clarendon Stato papers at the Bodleian, thus com- pleting the gap in the series of Great Seals otherwise complete ex- cept for the 4th Seal of Henry VI. for French affairs,

Dropped into Thames,

The vicissitudes of particular Great Seals have been numerous. James II, on flying from his kind- dom, dropped his into the Thames,

whence it was dredged up next day by a fisherman. The one for which Lord Chancellor Thurlew was res- ponsible was stolen from his bed-. room and never rediscovered.

In 1812 a fire broke out in Lord Eldon's country, seat. For safety's sake he buried the Great Seal in a flower bed, and in the excitement forget where. The whole house- hold had Inter to dig and rake the garden till it was discovered.

Lord Chancellor Brougham is related to have taken it with him on a visit to a country house in Scotland, where the ladies of the party is related-first hid it and then made pangatees in the mould.

AUSTRALIAN'S RISE.

FROM JOINER TO AGENT- GENERAL

Mr. W. C. Augwin, the new Agent-Grueral for Western Aus- tralia, who has arrived in London to relieve Sir Harold Colebatch, | has had a romantie career. Ife was born in the little Cornish village of St. Just nearly sixty- four years ago, and after leaving school served an apprenticeship as a carpenter and joiner. At the age of 23, after working some years at his trade, and getting married, he went out to Australia. His iden was to stay there for three years; but, like, many an- other, the attractions of that vast continent were too much for him. From 1880 to 1004 he worked in Western Australin at his trade. Then he took up politics, und en-¡ tered Parliament as a follower of the first Labour Government in Australia, and became an honor- ary Minister, with Mr. Daylish as Premier. During his parliament- ary career Mr. Augwin held office in the Migration, Health, and Charities Departments.

At the funeral of Henry Jackson, aged 80, blacksmith, of Benni- worth, Lincoln-shire, the tiny shoes worn by a twin brother, who died as a baby, were placed by his own wish in the coffin.

..

Disease Among The Young.

5,000, medical practitioners are It was revealed further that only

working in rural Russia, where they are charged to look after 100 million people-de, some 20,000 to cach doctor. In addition to this, about a third of rural Russia has no qualified medical officers and the people are treated by the old-fashioned barber-surgeons or Dr. R. E. Mortimer Wheeler, by village witches and quacks. keeper and secretary of the London Each hospital cot must serve the Museum, showed a Daily Mail re- needs of 1,660 people, while the ac-porter relics which prove that. Lon commodation for the insane is less don's prehistoric women were not than half of the prewar standard. a whit less anxious than the women Dr. Semashke, the Soviet Com- of modern London are to preserve missar of Health (mentioned in their looks and make themselves at Sir Austen Chamborlain's Note), tractive. reported that diseases of an infec. They are bronze armlets at the tious and "social" character are on museum which once graced the arms the increase, and drew special at- of the beauties of 3,000 years and tention to the fact that nervous dis-more ago. They were dug up at cases among the young are. "terri-Putney and other spots along the tying." He also pointed out Thames. that the number of insane and ab- normal children is very high, while the institutions to treat them are insufficient.

Shoes Like To-day's.

In one case in the museum may be seen a remarkable sat of toilet implements used by a fashionable London woman of the Early Iron Age. It was dug up within the City boundaries, and includes, in addition to various sizes of nail- cleaners and nail-parers, a wonder fully cleverly fashioned pair of tweezers used for plucking out superfluous hairs from the face, and a tiny, spoon-shaped implement for cleaning the cars,

The whole set is still attached to its original "holder," just as a bunch of keys is to-day attached to a ring

"The set was carried about by its Wheeler explained. user, attached to her girdle," Dr.

One of the most remarkable ex- hibits at the museum is a collection of shoes made of woven strips of There are armlets of gold found leather of a kind which very much deep down in the soil of North Lon-resembles what is to-day regarded don, and brooches of bronze and as one of the most "modern" gold and pins and needles of bronze fashion!

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