1927-04-16 — Page 14

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COALDUST FUEL.

USED IN EUROPE'S POWER WORKS.

Herr Hans Lutgens, a murine engineer, writes interestingly on the use of coaldust as fuel in Eu- rope's biggest power works.

Early in December, 1926, the Berliner Grosskraftwerk Rummel- sburg started working. These power works are the largest in Eu- rope; they are, perhaps, the best equipped in the whole world, be-- ing fitted with all the mest modern

contrivances, he says.

The works are provided with 16 gigantic boilers. The stocking is done with coaldust, which has been proved to be the most econo mic and satisfactory fuel known For the present purpose, its great advantage is its exceptional aptability and enormous heating capacity-points of particularim portance in electric works because of the great fluctuations to which such works are liable.

APRIL 16,

1927.

THE NATION'S INCOME.

POSITION OF THE AVERAGE MAN.

prices was

about 90 per ceuti consequently the real social in- come was very nearly the sume at: the two dates.

4. The real incomo per head decreased & or 10 por cont., since population had grown about 7 per cent; this decrease is attributable In "The National Income, 1924" abroad.

to, the falling-off of income from| (Oxford: the Clarendon Press), The deductions Bro of

great Professor Bowley and Sir Josiah pubile interest. In spite of in- Stamp present with characteristic creased unemployment and the re- lucidity and force a comparative duced working week, real home- study of the income of the United produced income was very nearly Kingdom in 1911 and 1924, says the same per head; the distribution Mr. William Graham, M.P.

of income between wage-earners,

conditions.

in 1911.

of the Colwyn Committee on the come was changed slightly in fav The publication of the report others earners, and unearned in- National Debt and the incidence our of the earning classes; manu- of taxation emphasise the importal workers on the average mako ance of an analysis of this kind; slightly increased real earnings, it should be of the greatest ser to which must be added transfera vice to members of Parliament in for their benefit in Insurance the forthcoming Budget debates, schemes and other public expendi especially when debt appears to be ture. ad-static and there is prospect of in-

Profits as a whole, reckoned be- creased tax burden; and it should fore tax is paid, form nearly the also clear away. much of the fog same proportion to total income at which surrounds discussion of the the two dates. Industrial advance precise effects of national and is represented by the fact that! local contribution to what are within the wage-earning classes called social services. For much women. and unskilled workers The method employed at Rum depends upon definite information have received a substantial real melsbury is the so-called. Lopul- regarding national income; the advance in wages; the great co" Coaldust Stocking System of authors have supplied what is per- majority of skilled workers mude the Berliner Kohlenscheidungsgehaps the most effective com- at least as much, after allowing sellschaft. This German system is already in use at the Paris Parison of pre-war and post-war for the rise of prices, in 1921 ng Power Works in Vitry and the still

The comparison also suggests i incomplete works at Barking in The exclusion of Southern Ire-that when the full effects of taxa- London. But, whereas the Vitry and in 1924 is only one of many lion are considered the rich have bailers have a heating surface of factors which make precise com-jess real income available for say- only 6,500 sq. metres and the Bark-parison impossible. But, including or expenditure than before the lug boilers of 15,000 sq.m., the 12 ing Southern Ireland, in 1911 the war. Allowing for rise of prices, boilers now in use at Rummels aggregate income originating fit luxurious expenditure is definitely burg have a heating surface of home is placed at £1,901 million; less than in 1911, but its concen- 20,000 sq. metres.

on certain adjustment £1.409; tration in small areas, and conse-' million is the total earned income quent advertisement, give it a and £802 million wages. The cor- place in public discussion to responding figures for 1924, ex-which its economic merits do not lading Southern Ireland, are entitle it. 24,008 million, less interest to the Laymen will hardly have the United States, £2,860 million, and temority to quarrel with the dis- £1,600 million. On this basis tinguished authors, especially in wages were 42 per cent. of the view of the scientific temper with aggregate income in 1911 and 40 which all their. tasks are ap The production of electric cur-

But the impression rent by means of coal-dust stock-er cent. in 1924; and the earned proached.

a percentage of the which is left is that, taking a ing is considerably cheaper than aggregate had moved from 74 to popular line through the thirteen with rate feeding. As it is pos- 71.

years, taxation has laid a heavy sible to use coal offal, large quan- tities of lump coal are set free for. The authors give much valuable hand upon the wealthy in partien-. ather purposes. Owing to these statistical material; but, as they ar; certain sections of the masses, multiple advantages, there is, in recognise.. Eritish social and in- especially women and unskilled German industry, a growing ten-dustrial progress still suffer from workers, have improved their par dency to adopt coal-dust stocking important deficiencies in that chasing power; but the rest are as far as possible. It will douh sphere. For that and other rea-economically very much where)

they were in 1911. less be employed in the big power sons the conclusions are cautious;: works shortly to be built in but the principal results of the Saxony. Many other existing comparison may be stated in this clectric works are busy converting way! their furnaces to the use of coal. dust and it is to presumed that

In the "Lopulco" system, the coul is pulverized in a special mill ing installation and forced into the fires by atmospheric pressure Each fire is capable of burning 10 tons of coaldust per hour, thus producing 80 tons of steam.

income as

Moreover, it is clear that mere redistribution of the burdens of taxation as a method of social or industrial improvement is at best 1. Measured in sterling at both of limited value; hope lies in far dates the aggregate income of the greater efficiency within Industry many other power works, both in inhabitants of Great Britain and itself. In the remaining weeks of Germany and elsewhere, will adept Northern Ireland was rather more the financial year Mr. Churchill this highly recommendable sys-than doubled. tim.

"TRENCH MOUTH."

WARNING TO WOMEN WHO KISS DOGS.

Mr. H. R. Oawaid conducted an inqcest at Haramersmith on Amy May Temple (41), the wife of a barrister.

According to the evidence of her sister, deceased had complained of a swollen neck and consulted Sir Frank Collier, who told her she was suffering frem trench mouth, #condition that might have been brought about by a dog bite.

Mr. Temple then admitted that her own Pekingese had bitten her. She said it was Just inside her mouth on the upper gum. She was told to go home and go to bed, and a doctor and dentist altended her." On February 15, she col- apsed on the floor. She gradual- ly became worse after that, and died. Her sister had two "dogs," and she knew that one of them was spiteful. Both had since been destroyed.

A veterinary surgeon told wit- ness that their teeth were in a very bad state.

Cases Among Soldiers.

Dr. Leonard Citler said he was called, and was told that Mrs. Temple was suffering from french mouth a term which came from the war, when there were a good, many cases among soldiers in the trenches. He found Mrs. Temple's mouth to be very soptic. She did not tell him that she had been bit ten by a dog, but said that one of her dogs had put its tongue into her mouth. Witness examin- ed her gums and saw no signs of a dog's teeth-marks.

Dr. P. M. Bronte, pathologist, stated he had made an indepen. dent post-mortem examination, and formed the opinion that the woman must have been sufering. from bad teeth for a considerable time. Witness did not think that a dog could have bitten hor in the mouth,

Death was due to coma and gen. eral blood poisoning, "following in- flammation of the mouth.

....

The Coroner said some women had a distracting habit of kissing their pet dogs. Whether that had anything to do with the woman's death ho could not say, but evid- once pointed to the chronic state of the mouth as being the rol cause of the trouble.

A verdiet of death from natural causes was returned.

will earn public gratitude by giv ing the Bolshevik a rest and bond-

2. When duplicate reckonings are ing his mind to this important excluded the remaining income, public document; given a chance," which the authors call social in its material would do much to re- come, increased only 90 per cent.duce the mischief of the average

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