1924-08-30 — Page 18

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"ANCIENT :- TOMBS.

NEW PHOTOGRAPHY,

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AUGUST 30%

CAN BE GREATLY ENLARGED. ** The next step is to bring out this latent image 'with a suitábla China 2,000 Years Ago.

French Experimenters" Success."physical" developer such as 'The first offiolkl soléntific ex-

para-phenylone-diamine, bat cavation of two of the thousands Development of an exposed the process differs somewhat of immense ancient tombs In plate in broad sunlight after | from that which takes China has just been completed instead of before tho. fixing place in ordinary dovolopment by Carl W. Bishop and A. G. process, coupled with almost in- before fination. With the Wonley of the Freer Gallery of definitely extended possibilities dovolopor is combined a solübis Art, Emithsonian Institution, in in the way of enlargement, is the silver salt, and as dovolopment |co-operation with the Chinese prospect afforded by the re- prove ods silver particles are Historical Museum. The rösults searches of three famous French formed which attach themselves obtained from-the-excavation: photographio okamists, A. sud-Into the olements forming the latent- which are now being oxhibited in Lumiore · and A. Boyswbiz, as intago, and then go on growing {the museum in tho Manbhu dissioned in a recent communion- like ørystals. "But the size of Forbidden clty, throw cention to the French Academy of those deposited particles has [siderable. light on the Science. A brief outline will show nothing to do with the size of the culture of the Chinoso in that a now doparturo has been original grains of silver, bromide, southern Hopan nearly 2000 made which may lead eventually and consequently, by kooping the years ago and indicate the great to something approaching a revo- time of development within limita value to bo obtained in the future lution in photographlo methods. it is possible to produce either on from such rosearch.

Development of an exposed fine or coarse grain platos imagos The two mounds excavated plate in light vory much brighter the "granularity of which is vory word near the town of Yu Ho than any in which it could be slight oven after a magnifiention Chon, in the Hwal River district safoly dealt with under normal of 900 diameters. in the extramo south of Honan conditions has already been made Province. The larger, the burial practicable by the introduction have thus in a sense builded bot- place of some local official of of desensitisers, but no desensitis-ter than at one time they know,. importance, though worn downing solution is yet available for the production of extremely by conturios of rainfall and ero- which will enable a rapid plato |fine-grain images capable of sion, was still nearly 30 foot high to bo developed in daylight.almost indefinito enlargement' is and was approximately 400 by Again, development aftor fixation a desideratum quite as important 250 foot at its base. The other is not now, and has boon the sube as any process enabling exposed was somewhat smaller, but was fect of numerous fairly successful plates to be developed in daylight also the tomb of an official of laboratory experiments. But the useful as the latter possibility importance, as ludicated by the process was attended by two would bo. bronza seal on the brick tomb at serious drawbacks. The ex- Already negatives on fine-grain the bottom of the earthorn mound.posure had to be about ten times alow plates can be enlarged The most important dis-as long as that ordinarily requir satisfactorily beyond the former oovery was of several plucosed, and sometimes during the limit of about five diametere, and of glazed poftory of business of washing aftor Bizing the grain of fast plates is not an art ora not hitherto known. the latent image underwent in-noarly as coarse as it used to ba Tho plocos, presumably contain-jury to detail which discounted but with the new method enlarge- ing food for the deceased when the mibsequent development. ment up to, say, 20 dismetors

an

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the burial took place, are som!- The French chemists have without much loss of dotsil is glazed, of a groonish yellowish found a simple means of over-conceivable, and with this roalis- tingo. They are of the early coming both these obstacles. By ed the practice of photography. Han porlod and are ballevad by adding alkali such na especially by amatours, would Mr. Bishop and Chinese scholars ammonia to the fixing bath they undergo radical changes. to bo ancestral forms of tho have reudered A prolonged camera to take plates an inch by beautiful Han porcelains of a exposure unnecessary, and by and a half and fitted with a lons slightly later date. They are making the washing water also having a focal length of two or placed among the first successful alkaline they avoid impairment three inches would, moot. quite attempts of those ancient artisans of detail in the latent image. On exaoting requirements, and the to glazo thoir earthenware for this basis they have ovolved a binocular model with one-half ceremonial purposes.

The other specimens discovered satisfactory working process, the used for "finding" would become are divided into two classifies course of which is roughly as popular even with experts..

follows:-

But a good deal remains to be tions, one being of the early Han

The exposed plate is first fixed done before development aftor period, in the Arst Christian in An alkaline solution of fixation can have those agreeable contury, the other ranging from hyposulphite of soda, in which it consequences. Under presont 500 to 1000 years before that. In remains for not more than five conditions it le incidentally a the first class are fragments of minutes, and it is then washed method which needs greater care pottery, burned-clay tripods and in alkaline wator for not more and more meticulous cleanliness othar household utensile of the than an hour. What has now than the average amateur fe in Han period. Those were found happoned ia that all the silver toe habit of practicing. The proe- inside the carefully constructed bromide in the film which has poots, however, are encouraging brick tombs. But outside of the not boon affected by the light has as well as attractive, and much tombs, in the debris of the mounds, boon dissolved out by the fixing modern photography has boon ware found a wealth of atone im-salt leaving a latent image built built on a foundation aleadorer plemente, arrows similar to those

substance, than that which in this tastarios up of light-affected used by American Indians, stone and absolutely invisible even has been well and truly laid in A108, and some of the rudest sorts

of Niepoo under

the

most

of bronze implements. Within mioroscope.

"

the tombs were Chines0 cash (money similar to that in rural circulation to-day) with which the deceased was to purobase what ho naodod in the nort world; outside in the debris were fragmentary remains of the

carlier inhabitants, ров- sibly the indigenous race which the Chinese pushed further south. One of the brick tomba had boon partly looted by the Chincao ruralitos, who cauld sell the large bricks for a cappor auch. Tho tombs themselves were in the shapo of a half-barrel, the *corbel" arch being formed by overlapping bricks. All traces of the bodies and the wooden coffins were gone except the rows of soft iron nails with which tho odgos were bound in the larger mound, and the presence of bits of miosi which might have been parts of a woman's hair ornaments indicat- od that with the most important official was buried, possibly alive, one of his favourite concubines.

The Historical Museum, which is a branch of the Chinese Minis- try of Education, is taking a koon interest in the archaeological work which the Freer Gallery rapres- enttatives propose to do in China. The ancient graves of China are known to contafu immenso scieu- tific and art treasúros and it is ax- pected that important discoveries will be made by the foreign arch- aeologists and their Chinese col- leagues in co-operation with the officials, museug directors and exports. Beside the official permission nebossary in each exoavation the permission and oo-oporation of the local gentry must be obtained... Various means will be found to secure the goodwill and co-operation of these important local pareosages. The method utilized in this recent project was both amusing: The and highly efficacious. village fathers" were one sad all presented with high do graus. In recognition of their service: to science tb permitting the graves of somebody else's forefathers being excavated. Future travellers in remote districts of Interid “China “hould ['not be surprised to run korons mix

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