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THINKING IN ANIMALS,
FRIDAY, JUNE S. 1923.
WEATHER REPORT.
at
Several pitfalls for the unwALY student are painted out by Pro Some Interesting Observations.fessor Thomson pitfalls he con-
Įsiders it very difficult for even a June 83. 11h. 49m.-Pressure A polar bear seated on a rocks trained observer to escape.
One has decreased moderately peninsula above the water mani- of these pitfalls is ascribing to Shangbai and slightly from For fested some anxiety. Buns were intelligence what is readily ex-mosa to Kwangtung. It has in- being thrown at him by visitors plicable by sensory alertness. Icreased moderately over Tong- to the Edinburgh Zoological Gar-The ant, for instance, exists very king.
is not
Hongkong Rainfall for the 24 hours ending at 10a.m. to-day. 0.12 inch. Total since January 1st. 15.6 inches, against
D
average of 27.39 inches. FORECAST FOR THE 24 HOURS ENDING AT NOON TO-MORROW,
District Forecast.
Formosa Channel
dens, and many of the buns, hav-largely in a "amell-world." It The Chinesa depression is now ing fallen short, were losting on finds honey treasure by smell, central over the lower Yangtza the water. Of course the polar acquaints its neighours of the fact Valley. It is probably moving bear could have plunged in after by smell and touch, and by smell eastward.
hem, but that entailed an un-it acts as a guide to the treasure necessary bath. What did he do?
trove and gets home again. There Prof. J. Arthur Thomson, -Pro-
thinks necessarily. fessor of Natural History in the Professor Thomson, much in University of Aberdeen, writing telligence about this. He adds: for the Wustrated London Nee, describes the incident in a most the intellectual value of par
Another pitfall in judging off illuminating article on "Animal
tícular instances of behaviour ¡Intelligence.
has to do with the formation The polar bear scrambledswiftly of associations. Nothing is com- down to the edge of the penisula) and commenced scooping at the moner than an exclamation at
the supposed "cleverness" of a dog) water with its great paw. It
which acts in a precise way when scooped and scooped, till a minis-
it hears certain words uttered or ture ocean current having been when it sees its master take a cranted, the buns were caught in its suction and came sliding past there is little real cleverness here
particular kes off the peg. But 3 Hongkong The best got them all. Professor beyond the precision of the hear Thomson cites this in comparing ing or the seeing and the retentive instinct with thinking, as an inst-
ance of experimental or reflective registering of the association he- behaviour. The bear adapted old tween the word or sight, on the
means to a new end.
one hand, and a particular action on the other. There is no doubt
A chimpanzee was carefully taught by its trainer to hand that certain dogs, asked in a
four straws when asked quiet unemphatic way
门 the
over
10 go next room and
2 South coast
China between H.K.& Lamecks.
S.W. winds moderate: overcast,
to occasional
Gap Rock
South coast of
rain.
China between S.K. & Hainan.
1. F. CLAXTON, I.K. Observatory, June 8, 1923.
Director.
CURIOS AT DOCK TAVERN, Mr. Charles Brown, the land-
for four. This was merely at fetch the newspaper from the tective. But when oge day the chimpanzee saved time by ficar, will do so without fail, and lord of the Railway Tavern, West Scores of things much more India Docks, London, possesses folding one of the straws double wonderful. But this establishment a wonderful collection of Oriental so that two ends showed between of associations is seen in fishes, and other art treasures. Among its finger and thumb, it was mani which are very dull-witted. and bis bronzes is fine Japanese festing intelligence. The animal advanced still another grade when
even as low down in the scale se koro. or incense burner. by Gido.
one of the water-snails.
best metallurgical, its reward was withield because
artists of the eighteenth century. of this trickery. It straightened
DOG INTELLIGENCE, out the bent straw and picked, up!
It was purchased from the collec- Indubitable examples of intelli-
tion by Sir Thomas Lucas, There another one. In this case the gence, on the other hand, are when,
is also among the collection champanee showed what Praia doc. carrying a basket of eggs in
Dair
of exquisitely-lacquered fessor Thomson calls apprecia.its mouth, comes to a stile and tive awareness at the situation. pushes the fragile burden under figures of Japanese ladies.
With instances such as these neath before taking a flying leap in mind. Professor Thomson dis. over, or when a collie dog sepa cusses the great question of rea- rates out two mixed flocks of no arzument in a circle in sap- son versus instinct in anima's, in sheep and drives them before him. ing that the growth of wits the following way.
This las, be considers a high often tavours sociality. Another level of intelligence. helped by important factor is a vocabulary. long experience, no doubt and be such as we find in rock and dog co-operation with man. Professor A new cerebral restlessness seems Thomson draws this interesting to characterize monkeys and apes, conclusion:
endowed with a restless experi- mental brain at higher level than. aught else. "Until at last arose the man." Litiran Digest,
INSTING AND REASON, The difficulty is to steer a mid dle course hetween generosity and stingioe-s. To credit animals, with reason. which means experi- menting with general ideas, is in all probability, too generous. To larg to reduce them to the level of automatic machines is certainly too stingy. The fact is that the behaviour of animals is often in! telligent. often ins inctive, and often a subtle mingling of the two. But it is necessary to attach precise meanings to these terms.
There is no doubt that social organization favours the develop ment. of with and there
In a famous paper, many years T.T azo. Sir Ray Lankester drew a Demand firm distinction
between the 304....
Demand India
TT. Inda
EXCHANGE, pening Bute: elusing Hate on Pupe 13
SELLING.
"little-brain" type of animal. 160 ds. seen at its best in ants, bees TT. Shanghai and wasps. Fich in inborn TT Singapore instinctive capacities for doing T. Japan dexterous things but very slow to ears; and the "big-brain" type, seen at its best in horse, dog and man, relatively poor in ready.
TT. Java T T. Marks made capacities for
precise.T. Frans pieces of behaviour, bu more Demand, Paris than making up for this
by
great educability. Each of these lines of evolution has its merits the instinctive capacity does not require learning or ap prenticeship, the intelligent be haviour is ready for emer.encies and departures from routine. In many cases, as in birds, a large section of behaviour (e. g., nest- building may be instinctive, end yet it is open to the creature to call up intelligence when 2 novel situation arises.
The other day we saw a lady! give her cat its milk in a vessel which had an opening too narrow
to allow Puss to get her mouth in.
IT San Francise and Nes
York.
4 m/s. L.C 4 m. D P. & mix Lic.
30 d. San Franciero and Naw
Yo
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Nom
2.55 16
Francs
8.70
ཏཱཾ æ ༢.
3.65
Demand Fermany,
3. Non 97
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T T. Bombay
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T. T. Calcutta
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On Satzen
On Bangkok
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With great deliberation the cat Shanghai put its paw into the milk, with- | USA, Japan & Shanghai drew it, and licked it and re- Bombay
Manila. peated the performance, not with S. Japan & Seanghai lout reproachful looks at its mis-Europe via Suez Parcels Osly, Loadon
tress, until the meal was over. We were told that the cat bad discovered the method, and the performance had certainly the smack of intelligence. always in intelligent hehaviour some epice of judgement, some putting two and two together, some "perceptual inference." Straits
For
There is Japan Canada, USA, C. & S. America
& "Europe niv Victoris 2. C.
THE SPIDER'S WEB.
Shangbai
Straits & Calcutta
---
On the other hand, a young Fors Bayard, aniber, Pakhoi & Elki. spider which never make a web
phozz before. may make its master Weihalet piece
first time. very
without Any
true to the specific Java via Spamlaya pattern the
Swatow, Amoy & Keelung
**
| Straits, Egypt & "Loodan
It does it model to copy, and with no trace Saigon. Straits. Ceylon. Mauritius, L. of the prentice band. Sometimes Marques, South Africa. India via Dhanuskhedi, Aden, Egypt & Europe via Marseilles
it can make the web in the dark,
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This is instinctive behaviour, de- pending on hereditary prearrange- ments of nerve-cells and muscle cells. though probably never Bangkok via Swatom without its paychical aspect-a Swatow, Amoy & Bochow suffused awareness and ▲ back- Sandakan ground of endeavour. But,,apart Java vía Batavia.... (from theory, the fact of observat Straits. Cerion, Mauritius, Marques, iou is certain, that inexperienced B. Africa. India via Dhanuskhodi, animals suddenly blossom cut Aden. Egypt & Europe
Marseilles into extraordinary intricacies and
tela Hotel centrally located in the shopping and bless districts, large niceties of behaviour, perfect the
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Thursday. 7th. to Saturday, 9:b. June. At 5 155 & 9.15 p.n. WILLIAM FOX presents
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THE AMERICAN RECORD OF QUALIAY.
O. K. NEWS FOR MUSIC LOVERS. THE following Records of leading European Artists
will appeal to people of refined musical taste:- 52002-TROVATORE {The Vows we plighted). Tenor.
50603-LOHENGRIN
Leo Slezak.
(Ye Wandering Breezes ). Tenor. Maria Jeritza. 72001-I PAGLIACCI (Vesti la giubba). Tenor. Leo
Slezak. 72301-SERENADE ( Drdia). Violin Solo. Jan Kubelik. 72304-THE ZEPHYR (Jeno Hubay). Violin Sole.
Jan Kubelik. 72402-LE LUTHER DE CREMONE (Hubar). Violin
Solo. Franz de Vegsey. 52202-LA BOHEME. (Thy bands are frozen ).
Alessandro Boaci.
Tenor.
52801-OTELLO (Death of Otello). Tenor Giovanni
Zanatello. 52103-RIGOLETTO (Vile race of courtiers). Baritone.
Riccardo Stracciari.,
52201-MARTHA ( Like"a dream) Tenor. Alesandro Bonci. 53101-WALTZ IN E FLAT
Piano Solo.
( Chopin ). Eugene d'Albert. 53103-INVITATION TO WALTZ (Weher) Piano Solo,
Edgene d'Albert. OKEH STUDIO.
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