1923-06-02 — Page 9

DEVELOPMENTS IN IRELAND.

De Valera's Abandonment of Armed Resistancë.

EAMON DE VALERÀ.

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH,

despot" and regarded the treaty na a capitulation to the British. '

On Jan. 9, 1922, De Valors 16- signed as president and was ENG- needed by Griffith and on Jan. 14 | a provisional government was formed with Collrs at its head,

The provisional Free State gov erement immediately, started res cruiting. Most moderata members, of the Irish republican army. which had fought against the British, enlisted under the Free State.

INSURRECTION STARTS, Others, more extreme, betook themselves to the rural districts. There, under the leadership of De Valora and his supporters, are the heart of the present insurgent body.

These insurgents began strange new kind of warfare. One day they would appear here, to morrow there. No one knew who was an insurgent and who loyal to the Free State.

For a time these iregulars con- fined their wilitary activities to burning bridge and cutting down telephone and telegraph wires.

Later they attacked railway property and then took to burning homes of Free State oficials and thair supporters and relatives.

SATURDAY, JUNE 1) 1825.

NEW DEVELOPMENT IN RADIO.

Speeches Broadcast Weeks After Being Delivered.

899

THE PALLOPHOTOPHONE AND MR. CA. HOXIE, ITS INVENTOR.

In June, 1922, Rory O'Connor with a body of Insurgents took A Senator in addressing the possession of the Four Courts radio audience of W.G.Y. the Building in the heart of Dublin, General Electrio Station ten blocks from the seat of the Schenectady, New York, on the Free State government.

avila of delaying important login- lation by prolonged debate.

BATTLE OF DUBLIN. : Free State forces at first made!

no effort to dislodge him. But undar British pressure, Collins' men stormed the building and succeeded in taking it after desperate battle.

at

At the same time the SerRtOF is lolling quietly in his easy chair at home, with never a thought an this speech or the thousands who are listening to it. He happened

to have made his address two or three weeks ago into

Most of the insurgente, how aver, escaped and again took to curious instrument which the the countryside where they since the operator called = pallophoto have continued their guerilla phone. But to those who are operations.

listening, and to many who know In some cases they have even the senator, the speech comes to levied tribute on the people to them just as though it was pay the cost of maintaining their spoken directly and in the same forces.

Both Collins and Griffith, frat ment, are dead. Collins was assassinated by republican sym- pathizera.

The decision by De Valera to The treaty with England, mak- abandon armed resistace to the ing Ireland a free state within the Irish Free State marks a fresh British Commonwealth of Nations, advance towards final peace. was signed on Dec. 6, 1931, as the There can be no question that the direct result of republican agita-heads of the Free State govern-

bulk of the Irish, whatever theirtion. political creed, eagerly desire a Cessation of war.

MODERATE VIEW.

i'

room.

But his speech is being broad- The Senator is in Washington, cast from Bohenectady.

į

tone and speech When that is done, the speaker may forget for the broadcasting operator. about bis part. The rest remains

SPEECH IS REPRODUCEND, " At the broadcasting station, pallophotophone is set up before * highly sensitive microphone transmitter where it reposts the speech spoken into it.

Waves

In reproducing, the film is

and the zig-zag sound passed before a strong ray of light photographed on it create electric waves which pass through an arrangement of vacuum tubes and produce the original sounds, spoken into the machine.

The principle employed by this

both voice and action are recorded instrument is now being adapted to cinema broadcasting, whereby

and sent out at the same time. This double paradox of his in ita embryo stage, and until that This latest development is only Sketch of De Valera.

speaking and his absence from is perfected the pallophotophone father, Eamon de Valera became pallophotophons Mr. Charles them to the public some time

Though the son of a Spanish possible through use of

the source of his speech become will record the speeches of our

the the leader of the revolutionary A. Hoxie, of the General Electric later.

national leaders to broadcast movement in Ireland which laboratories perfected it. sulted in the treaty on which the

deserted. the Free State and head- ed a separate movement to gain even more complete independence for Ireland.

For the guerilla warfare that

Many republicans. prominent has raged in Ireland since the among them Arthur Griffith and Free State treaty went into effect. Michael Collins, regarded the little more than a year ago, has treaty as decided compromise cost more than £40,000,000 in pro- on the part of the British some perty damage, disrupted industry thing that should gladly be ac- and commerce, rendered life in-cepted as a stepping-stone to ab-Irish Free State is built; then safe almost everywhere on the island and has caused the death of no one knows how many.

Here is a sketch of the progress of the Irish civil war:

solute independence.

Others, led by Eamon de Valera, Countess Markisvicz, Rory O' Connor and others, would tolerate no submission to the "foreign

MASTAR RECORD MADE. Besides accomplishing this feat, the pallopbotéphone broadcasts the voice of the speaker in clearer tones then have ever been sent by (Continued foot next column) radio. It produces what may be

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termed master record" of # series of sounds which may be broadcast from it at any later time or occasion desired.

Bays

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There were two possible ways of inaugurating the public erley- ment of broadcasting, permit a go-as-you-please com- the Observer. One was mercial rivalry, and the other to institute a centralised control, nifying, so far as might be, all the interests and agencïss of com→ ciple has its pitfalls and draw- mercial enterprise. Each prin- backs, and the practical quest iş which of the two is ..the more Berious Noth-

As the apesker talks into the machine, his voice causes a dia- phragm to vibrate. To this is on attached a tiny mirror, smaller sets than a piubead. Vibration of the {and difficult to surmount. diaphragm canoes the mirror to ing is more natural than that at flicker. reflecting its oscillating the end of a few months' trial we beam of light upon a moving should have an accumulation of photographic film.

the co-ordinative plan chosen by complaints and grievances against this country. But it does not stand condemned by these unless it can be shown that convenience and advantage would have been faire and laissez-entendre. greater under a regime of laissez- Re-

This is how the human voice is recorded as on a cinema human lm, with its various shadinge of

De Valera is generally believed to have been born in New York,membering the confusion and the son of Vivian de Valora, inefficiency reaped by America's Spaniard, and the latter's wife, initial Kate Coll, Irish woman, though I tive, it is a fair conjecture that trial of that alterna- some authorities maintain De we should in those circumstances Valera was born in Ireland. bave been suffering from worse Upon the death of the senior evils and more diffused exaspera- De Valers, the widow took her tion than appear actually to exist. son, two and one-half years old,

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He received a B.A. degree from Dublin University and became a college professor.

can be tracked to its headquarters,

a

De Valera was educated at and management rendered amen- Charleville and at the French able to public control. The two College, Black Road, County main criticisms Appear to Dublin.

arise, the one from quartere concerned with invention and manufacture, and the other from those upholding a high standard He became interested in Irish of public entertainment. It is the traditions and enlture and was an

manifest duty of the Post Office sager supporter of the movement to keep a vigilaot eye-in both to revive Gaelic ancient Irlebdition of a monopoly must be its directions. The fondamental con- tongue. From this it was an easy giving the highest aftainable ser- atap for De Valers to become in-vies. Its position cannot be terested in politics and to align allowed to himself with those who sought barrier to scientific progress or a

become either independence from England. subeersive influence on public De Valera took an active part tsate. It should be a simple mat in the Easter rebellion of 1916 ter of administration to secure and was captured and imprisoned. that no one capable of advancing But be managed to escape and the mechanism of broadcasting fled to the United States.

should stand excluded from the While is exile here, he was org scisation of producers. As to elected fret president of the the other point, while realising Irish republic" and returned to all the bidden perils of conson Irelard in that capacity.ship, we may certainly say that When the British government the frontiers against inanity made peace with the Irish Inand vulgarity should be very surgents, De Valers was the strictly delimited. There is central figure in the pesce comforting certainty that, under negotiations. But he longst the the go-as-you-plasse system a treaty that resulted in the form certain type of caterer would ation of the Trish Free State, have played it low down" in a The Free State government in fashion impossible under the effect, De Valera honded - the existing auspices. And a ready insurgents who sought to over- criticism by the friends of ration throw it and found to Irish real entertaiment ought to be the hablie.

most affcetive of safeguards.

fagusting

ZGO

VELINES:

and her husband dead only two

8க

Well, her stationery la still

Copyright 1923, by' Publin Ledger