1922-09-25 — Page 2

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MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 25, 1922.

EARLIER TELEGRAMS.

BRITAIN'S STAND AGAINST TURKEY.

London, Sept.

Mr. Lloyd George, addressing pressmen at Downing Stree said he wished to explain the facts regarding the position in the Near East in view of the misapprehension of the character of the dificulties that had arisen. Ha declared that the strengthening of the military and naval forces was dictated by two supreme considera- tions, first, anxiety regarding the freedom of the seas between the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, which was an essential primary condition.

The War had demonstrated very clearly that the freedom of the Dardanelles was vital for the security of the Empire and pre- tection of commerce. The closing of the Straits by Turkey, who other Power in the owed more to Britain and France than any world, was an act of perfidy which was responsible for the collapse; of Russia, the defeat of Rumania and the prolongation st the war by two years. It was an essential condition of work-peace that there be an effective guarantee for the freedom of the Straits, and! peace signed without achieving that object would be equivalent tul defeat. Therefore the first purpose of the British action during the last few days had been to ensure the freedom of this essential waterway to civilisation.

In doing this, Britain was not taking separate action but simply carrying out the policy agreed between the Allies in 1918. Wa have not departed therefrom ene iota and coald not do so without betraying the trust which the Empire vested in us,"

The second object was to prevent an exceptionally horrible war spreading into Europe. He would not attempt to apportion the blame between the Greeks and the Turks; but the facts that Smyrna had been destroyed and massacres had occurred were sufficient

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from perpetrating such outrages crossed to Constantinople, he feares there might be a repetition of such terrible incidents. There was! the danger also of the spread the conflagration to the inflammable! Balkans.

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The Premier recalled that the War of 1914 began in the! Balkans, and he therefore regarded it as of paramount importance to: European peace that the war in Asia Minor should met spread ti Europe.

Mr. Lloyd George emphasised that Britain had been myt m Partial between the Greeks and the Turks. The Greeks had recently a passage threatened to march t Constantinople, necessitating

Generalissimo of the through the neutral zone, but the British Allied forces had warned the Greeks, in terms identical to these! just used to Mustapha Kemal, that he would not allow them to enter

The neutral zone.

Incidentally, the Premier mentioned that his military advisers regarded it as essential that Chanak should be held in order to secure the freed.m of the Straits to unarmed vessels.

He proceeded to emphasise that we did not want to hold Gallipoli | or thanak in the interest of Britain alone. He did not claim that Britain alone should have sole responsibility. "On the contrary. we believe these important shores should be held under the Suspices of the League of Nations in the interests of nations alike." The freedom of the Straits was a matter of life and death with! Rumina and Russia, and it was fundamental alike in the interest! of the world's commerce. The British Government, however, had! not gone bark on anything it had said about Cnstantinople re- maining Turkish, ner was it putting up any fight regarding the; sovereignty of Eastern Thraci.

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Concluding, the Premier laid stress on not departing from the agreed policy of the Allies, enunciated in 1915.

He recalled that the proposals for the protection of minorities! by mandates had broken down, but the Straits remained, and he added: "The fight we are putting up at present is to ensure, whate ever happen at the Peace Canfernce, that we will not abandon The polity of securing the freedom of the Struits. By that I do nəti mean clauses depending on the caprice of the Constantinople Govern-i man: Security must be of a more reliable and effective character than in 1911 That was why Britain had taken the steps she had. and she would do her best to secure an immediate conference.

The app al made t Australia and New Zealand, particularly,! was because they had a particular interest in Gallipoli. They hadi made great sacrifices of thousands of their most hero r sons in the equse of the freed m of the Straits, and they felt when that freedom was challenged that they had a right to associate themselves with u in any we maintain what had cost them so much to achieve. Replying to a question.r. Mr. Lloyd George reiterated en phatically that Britain did not want a speond Gibraltar in the Dardanelles, but wanted the League of Nations to k.ep the Straits open for all nations, "

Mr. Llwyd George, after his fifty minute address to pres-menj at Dowring Street, was specially interviewed by Reuter on th subject of the Dominions, notably the Canadian criticisms regard.! 4330jing the method of publicity wend by the British Government as

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regunta ke Invitation to the Dominions to send entugenta. emphati ally denied that the fun nions were in any way bring! Italians endeavoring to embody therein

engestion of exploited for political purposes, and said there was n

ng such thing. The impressin wa entirely unfounded. The Laabinet felt that the sacrifices of Austral a and New Zealand at AGFA S ROLL FILMS Gallipoli entitied them to consulation when the question of the freedom of the Straits was involved, and the Cabinet had decided. therefore, that three Dominions were entitled to participar in the defence of the Straits. The Cabinet felt at the same time that it would be impossible to ask those two Dominans without inviting the remainder; thus Canada and South Africa had also been up stoarbed. It was noteworthy that Canadian criticisms specially the fact that no such invitation was made in 1914, when | minferred t

the Dominions spontaneously voluntered.

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London. Sept.,

assurances

regarding Thrace, Adrianople and Constantin pie. while Lord Curzon thought should unly be that any medication of the Treaty of Sevres formulated at a peace cozierence.

The Allies will probably send separate Notes if a collective Note is an agreed upon thelag. It is expected that the Turks will be invited to a preliminary conference at Mudani with a view to an i armistice.

guards.

Toronto, Sept. 23.

JAPAN AND RUSSIA,

The Changchun Conference.

01:

Tokyo, Sept. 20.-ft in reliably repeated tint the Cabinet bas Judgine from a Paris semi-official mussage, the French cur

instructed the delegates at Chang- that the first agreement template fully restoring Constantinople to the Tarks and withdraw-hut

most apply to Chits only, ani in the Allied troops, but placing Thrane ander Turkish sovereignty with the League of Nations administering it similarly to the Sarrero fetite immediately on region, while the Straits will be demilitarised, with certain safe-ignatur The Nikolaeysk affair and'ccupation of Soghalien were Ottawa. Sopt. 23,

su cisely connected that that they It is stated that the British naval force concentrated in the

were not dissable separately. Straits will shortly include at least seven capital ships, mounting] Mr. Crerar, the National Progressive Leader, bas been sum altogether 60 thirteen and a half inch and eight fifteen-inch guns.moned to confer with the Premier, Mr. Mackenzie King. The latter Japon would be prepared to discus

Constantinople, Sept. 23. announces that his personal view is that the promise to send or the the evacuation of Sagbalien after The French commander has informed the British authorities actual despatch of Canadian troops to the Near East should be the Chits agreement was concluded. If the ssians insist on dit. that he will assure maintenance over Stamboul in the event' of decided by Parliament. trouble in Constantin ple. French whippet tanks have been brought| to a central vantage pint. near Seraxi'o Point and the French

The ex-Premier. Mr. Meighen, addressing business men at the Suchalien at the present

conterence, Japan will withdraw. garrison at Stamboul has been strengthened by a battalion froin Conservative Club, assailed the delay of the Government in replying

Japan agrees that the appli- Chatalja. The French Government has also wirelessed to Mustapha to Eritain's appeal. He asserted that the policy of delay might Kemal, requesting him not to take action until the arrival of the drap Canada into war. What Britain desired was a declaration of cation el prohibition of propaganda special-emissary, who left Paris yesterday for Smyrna.

the Empire's solidarity. Mr. Meighen said he would back Mr.ad bestile movements be extend- Mackenzie King in rushing a message of loyal co-operation, similar to Soviet Russin.—Reuter.

Changebung, Sept. 24-The A Russian Note, following" that of September 14th, says that to that of New Zealand and Australia. He added: "Canada, which, Russia cannot consent to the Straits being opened to the battleships was a party to th Sevres Treaty, when asked to stand by the com-conference resumed ita ession on Saturday, Acting instrue. of any cluntry or to the British control of the Straits against the pact, should have said "Aye ready, but did nothing."

Paris, Sept. 2. tions from Moscow the Bra- wishes of the Powers possessing vital interests in the Black Sea, who should have a right to decide the fate of the Straits. Rumia As an outcome of the Near Eastern Conference. Britain, Francesians insisted on the evacuation of cannot recognise any now regime established without consultation and Italy have jointly invited Turkey to a conference, promising Northern Saghalien, which should to recugnise the Maritza frontier, including Adrianople, and be considered independently of the Bulgaria has delivered identical Notes to London, Paris and Turkish sovereignty over the Straits, subject to guarantees of their Sicolaninsk allair and requested A diate be fixed for Rome, upholding the freedom of the Straits and advocating the estab-neutrality. The foregoing is conditional on the Turks not crossing that

the withdrawal

of troops in lishment of an autonomous State in Thrace under the control of the the neutral zone. League of Nations, with special arrangements for safeguarding the Before the conference the Allies will use their influence to declared beforehand, to which the religious interests of Adrianople.

effect the withdrawal of the Greeks to a line fixed by agreement fapanese persisted between the Allied Generals and the Turks and Greeks, the meeting former attitude that the

Saghalien: would for which should be held at Mudania or Ismid between the Allies on of

be effected immediately upa and Mustapha Kemal.

settlement of the Nicolas sk The conference concluded by expressing its conviction that the{a

forthwith after the signing of the Allies will be able to co-operate with Turkey like an ally in the affair, which should be considered re-establishment of peace.

or elsewhere generai agreement now under dis The invitation suggests a meeting at Venice between plenipotentiaries of the British Empire, France, Italy,n. The Japan delegation de- The French are redoubling their efforts to prevent the Kemal-Japan, Romania, Jago-Slavis, Greece and Turkey as soon as possibleclared it was impossible to indicate ists' imprudence by sending M. Bouillon, negotiator of the Franco to conclude a definite peace treaty between the Turks, Gresks and any date for the evacuation before Angora Treaty, aboard a fast destroyer to use his influence with the Allied Powers. The latter are willing to support the allocation the signing of the agreement. It of the aforementioned frontiers to the Turks, it being understood was finally decided to adjourn the Yesterday the resumed discussions between Lord Curzon, that measures will commonly be agreed upon to safeguard the conferenceal the Japanese receive finalmstructions from Poincare and Signor Sforza in Paris, lasting four hours, centred is the salt instrowant, sonogasped i the

Takyo Router. Weries Artits. AIL Mokrian Zmu, ne Gala ogue around the nature of the invitation to Angora, the French and-

(Continued on Page 3)

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Despite the dangerous concentration of the Kemalist forces in the direction of the Straits, coincident with the assembly of grow ingly powerful British naval and military forces, there is a distinct lessening of the tension here as time passes without a clash and the diplomatic forces of the Allies are focussing all their energies toward a peaceful solution.

the Kemalist leaders.

ISL their

eva.