INDIA REVISITED.
By St. Nihal Singh in the
London "Observer."
of
THE HONGKONG . TELEGRAPH. MONDAY, APRIL 17, 1922.
carry out other improvements, often suggested by the devoted,
THE BIG FOUR.
men of science who for years have Mr. Lansing on the “Tiger
effectual.
as Dictator.
This is a fair summary of Mr. Robert Lansing's "The Big Four." his second contribution to the history of the Peace Conference in Paris of 1919.
been labouring on experimental and demonstration farms to pro- duce results which would impress French treaty; it bears the im-
The Versailles Treaty is Upon sorting out the impres the most conservative of farmers. sions gathered by me as I have In spite of all these changes for press of the tigerish nationalism af M. Clamenceau; against that travelled at leisure up and down the better, however, larger prob- forceful personality Mr. Wilson Indie, I find that the change lem of agricultural indebtedness which impresses me the most is remains. The holdings are, in and Mr. Lloyd George proved in- the altered attitude. the most cases, pitifully small and, therefore, uneconomic to exploit common people towards life,
The masses of my motherland, eren in India, the land of so-called as I used to know them, were cheap labour. A very large pe listless. Their intellectual horizon centage of the occupants are was so limited that they could deeply in debt and find it difficult not see beyond their farm or to meet the Government assess-) factory. Even grinding poverty ment as it falls due, Landlordian did not give new direction to is rampant everywhere, and its their thought or effort. They be crushing burden is becoming daily lieved themselves to be creatures more unbearable, especially in the famous Frenchman so much areas such as the Moplah tracche fiss plate almost as to make in Malabar where land tenure is exceedingly insecure, and the him dictator of the proceedings, occupants are really little better making Me. Wilson a bad second --this may be purely an Ameri- than tenants-at-will.
can viewpoint-and Mr. Lloyd, George an equal third.
of fate, and their patience with the woes of their life, which they regarded 45 transitory, was pathetic in the extreme.
INDUSTRIAL CONDITIONS.
AS
A
I now find that the type of people whom I used to know has largely disappeared in my elaven The men and women driven by years' absence, and their place is poverty into the cities have hardly being taken by men and women fared better. The toilers in the who are neither placid nor dumb, factories, in which conditions of
have.
rule, who refuse to resign themselves work to the decree of fate, and who fallen far below the sanitary better standards essential in a tropical will not be denied opportunties here and now. The country, have been ground by field and workshop ca longer industrial system utterly alien to constitute their sole, or even them, which no one has taken the their main. interest. They have least trouble to humanise. And somehow been sucked into the because of that failure men. vorter of the troubles through men, and children who have been; which this land is passing. and goaded by poverty from the field their intellect has been shaken up into horribly congested, ill-smell ing, ill-lit industrial stums, unable It is true that the crowd to stretch their pittances to meet has no definite idea of the even their limited wants, are be objective in view or of just what ing compelled to tread's path it has to do to get there. which leads to physical and moral
in the process.
knows. nevertheless, that the perdition.
The grave unrest arising out of
present conditions are not good
That bas especially been the
the masses.
can disclose."
simplest, crudest terms specially calculated to appeal to persons? of an intensely religious type: and these methods have won PAMPANGA SUGAR MILLS. their hearts. I am amazed at the hold which he has acquired over the people.
Capacity to be Doubled. Excavatione for as addition to
The Big Four " are, of course, Clemenceau, Mr. Wilson, Mr. Lloyd George and Signor Orlando. Mr. Lansing places them is this order of importance, giving
The book may as well have been described as The Big Threa," because, for all its com pliments to him, Signor Orlando is depicted as hardly in the rea- Secretary of State (ie, Foreign ning. Mr. Lansing, as American Minister), was next to Mr. Wilson, the principal American delegate.
THE DESPOT AT WORK.
From the very first moment. M. Clemenceau seized control of the whole course of proceedings. He is described as "masterful." He thought of one thing only-
ed from life
Captain William J. Briscoe, of
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WAS
gave
BO
gave
which
have been better
not
progres.
Now let us hear Mr. Chao. He said: "Some of you may not know that we bave a reg ular aeroplano service Car- rying mails, as well as pas the narrow, selfish interests of
The Chinese holf with Bulwer sengers, between Peking and France.
300 miles in Altruism he despised: Lytton that" The pen is mightier Tsionn-about
Wa Pei-distance-and this service is broad views he mocked. "His than the sword."
fu is a noted pen-man and, soon to be extended as far as nature was that of a despot."
No. some of us And his despotism over the although be possesses sword-or Shanghai.” Conference, ruthlessly exercised bayonets rather in abundance, did not know that; it was a
fiction resisted, washe prefers to dispose of his un-piece of pure and impotently enough to live in, and it is deter-these conditions may be mitigated
and generally quite the Conference in its ignor. mined not to put up with them. for a time by a periodical rise in Aided by the fact that partly friends,
ance accepted as fact, but Mr. Only persons who know the India wages. In Bombay Sir George Owing to its being held in Paris, successfully, with a pen and a which lies entombed in the Lloyd is hard at work to clear and partly because of the un-length of telegraph wire. Then Chso must
of will what is mightier than the pen informed. He went oD: "We sarcophagus of time can put the slums. The Indian Legis-Preparedness and lack appreciate, at its true worth, the lature has just passed a measure power of the other Allies, the The answer to this chestant ased hare even-and there are mental revolution through which making certain improvements in machine of the Conference was to be "A Cheese" (mite-ier) but many nations which bave set It is a long the lead-derised a series of air- my people must have passed in the conditions of factory workers. overwhelmingly in French bands. this is wrong.
"Having won the war. M. tongue such as is possessed by mail scamps, and here I have the order to gain that consciousness: All these are indications of an Clemenceau did not intend to Caso Hsia-chu. the underrepresentations of the stamps."
This awakening of the Indian awakening. I refuse, however,
study of Dr. Wellington We have never seen these, bat masses is due, in a measure, toto believe that anything but the have France lose the peace."
He was always "alive to ever. Koo, who attends all sorts of possibly they are in existence for the light which has filtered fringe of the problem has been thing which worked to the ad function in London, and wields postage stamps have a market through thevernacular newspaper touched.
vantage of France," and "suc- This weapon with great effect. value amongest the philatelist often read by a small boy to the. In the meantime economic polettered rustics seated under a pressure, coupled with agencies ceeded in carrying through the When added to the tongue there whether they are available for
French programma.
is a vivid imagination, and an
any service or not. banyan tree in the village square. set in motion by the impact of the
unscrupulous disregard of facts,
He next praised th Chinesea During recent
Indian West upon the East, has loosened LIFE PORTRAITS OF years
there is no limit to the effect it postal service as the most wonder- leaders have gone more and more the common people in town and
PETER AND PAUL.
will have on an ignorantaudience. ful in the world, considering the to the common people instead of country alike from their old Amazing Discoveries in Rome. In an agency correspondence, great extent of the country and -60ufning-thair activities to the imoorings. The masses, dezar-
educated urbanites,
mined to improve their conditions, archaeologist,
-According to the well-known article, which we published on the difficulties that have-to-be--
Professor Lan- Monday, a speech which Mr.met. He contrasted it with the are of far more importance in the ani, authentic GANDHI AND HIS FOLLOWERS.
contemporary Caso delivered at an Air Con- foreign mails from Europe, to the scheme of indian life than the portraits of St. Peter and St. Paul ference beld in Loaden in latter's disadvantage-an easy fatalistic people whom nothing have been discovered in a hypo- February case since the advent of Mahatma
in task-bot Be took care not to in- given could move. Gandhi into the Indian political guiled into the path leading up of the Roman epoch.
If they can belgeam, or underground structure, which be
form the Conference that it was account arena. If he has neglected ang
of China's air-mail service. The institution run by foreigners. During excavations for the story of this venture 'as it is ad very little of the credit which section of the people it is the Ward India can achieve rapid
If however, that ruilding of a large garage, the known out here begins with an be claimed was due to the intellectual community and not progress
guidance is denied them the hypozeum was unearthed.
He further assured It order placed with the British Chinese. Dressed in garb no better than that which the poorest plunge into an abges of comprises a number of rooms and Brins. Mesars Vickers and them:
"The Chinese Post chana,
galleries, a crypte and a Christina Hamiler-Page by officials of the Office, which I claim to be of the poor can afford, he has
India stands at the parting. of church, with marvellous frescoes Board of Communications in 1919. one
of the most gone among the common people!
the ways. Which of these paths of a very early date. and talked to them in theshe will tread the future alone
It amounted to 150 aeroplanes, sive in the world, will soon be Professor Lanciani believes large and small, which were to thoroughly up-to-date in respect that the two portraits were paint-be used for purely commercial of air-mail services."
purposes. It was guaranteed by In conclusion, Mr. Chao took the government that under no upon bis shoulders the mantle of U.S. OFFICER.
circumstances whatever would the prophet, and still further Burned to Death in Philippines. they be applied to military uses. gulled the ears of his audience,
while he made who parties
their mouths Mahatma Gandhi's most devot-the Pampanga Sugar Mills, at Del the 43rd Infantry. Philippine the order must have known water, by depicting the enormons ed followers are. I find. the men Carmen, Pampanga, designed to Scouts, stationed at Camp Jobo perfectly well that no com. orders for Dying machines which and women who bave returned increase the capacity of the plant lay, was fatally burned on April mercial air service in China would soon be reaching England from various parts of the British from 1,5) tons of cane a day to Sth in an attempt to rescue three could be made to pay, and the from this progressive country Empire embittered by the traat 500 tons, will begin to-day says Igorot erlisted men of his regi- probability is they had no in-called Chica. The Chinese would ment accorded them there. All the Menila Bulletin of April 11. ment when they were caught interest in this side of the matter. not manufacture these them- Bardoli, in the Bombay Pres- Manager R. Benton Hind re-a pocket of flames in a brush fire Reasoning from what we know of selves, as they were too busy
other similar transactions idency, not far from the place cetred advices on Saturday that the at Camp John Hay.
attending where I am writing these words. company's directors in San Fran Briscoe died the following morn was either to collect a big com-shall come into the market to would take it that their object but: "You will find that we surrounded by people repatriated cisco had approved the projecting at the post Hospital. from South Africa, some of whom He immediately closed contracts
mission for placing the order, or bus, and buy no doubt on a One soldier was turned to that it was intended to use the large scale, and we shall choose languished in gaol there as his with the Honolulu Iron Works cinders in the flames while Cap machines for military purposes undoubtedly the best market for companions in former years, he for the machinery. The contract tain Briscce dragged two of his from the start.
the purpose." (England to wit). is now busy preparing to launch for the building has been awarded men from the fire before he India upon the uncharted ocean to the Atlantic, Gulf and Pacific dropped to the ground, badly trip was made when a Handley every manufacturer present at On Mary 7th. 1910. the first | After that it might be expected burned about the arms, legs, face. Page machine was navigated the Conference would immediate- In the awakening of the Indian The action of the directors) neck and body. The two rescued masses the Indian emigrants who comes as welcome news to the men were also badly burned but from Peking to Tientsin and back y become a warm admirer of have returned with the iron in sugar planters of the Del Carmen are expected to recover.
with a load of passengers-the China, and there was no their soul from Britain overseas district, who produced 9,000 tons
British Minister being one of them. there to tell bow Mesars. Vickers have played a part almost as of sugar in 1920 and nearly 20,000 | MANY CHANGES HAVE The service went no further awing and Handley-Page memorable as the rule enacted by tons in 1921. This season's mill-
BEEN MADE
to the opposition of the Civil wondering where the money is Indian soldiers who fought for ing will run
Governor more than 27,000 in the manufacture of glass: onejected to the presence of such machines which they supplied.
of Chibli who obto come from to pay for the 150 their King-Emperor in the great tons and the next crop is expect of the most important is that machines in the neighbourhood war in theatres of action strewn ed to be a great deal larger invented by Sir William Crookes, of Tientsin. In the Spring of 1921, Chao or Mr. Chu RS our coffee- We can wall imagine how Mr. These Opening of the mill at Del who, as the result of numerous an air mail line from Faking to pondent calls him, his name men, and, in the case of emigrants, Carmen three season ago bas experimente, combining glass Shanghai was sanctioned but being Chao Hsin-chu) for it is also women, were gathered, not simulated the suger industry in with various metals, bas succeed could not get under way from a few selected areas. but Pampanga from the first day's er in producing a material which account of the opposition of the nese matters must always be taken not known in London that Chi- from villages dotted all over India, grinding, so that to meet the cuts off 98 of the infrared or Tuchuss of Shantung and Kiang- the other way round-thoroughly They have returned to their demands on mills plact must be heat rays fogether with the ultra- who adopted the same attitude enjoyed this glorious leg-pull of Motherland wiser and, alas! in practically doubled.
violet or chemical rays, called as the civil governor of Chihli. the British public. But the mat most cases sadder men and The Honolulu Iron Works will Sir William Crookes Glass. women, deeply conscious of the install a nine-roller mill of the Crookes lenses of any prescription and China's air mail service still misrepresentations of this sort Thus the whole route was blocked ter bas its serious side. While fact that Indians, in the presentarne type already in use; also in either regular or Toric form remains in the limbo, of good in-ara constantly being poured out, circumstance, ere denied equality three Stirling boilers each of 630 are manufactured, by the Hong-tentions. As for the seroplanes: and allowed to pass without con horsepower, a smokestack 12 feet kong Optical Co., successors to they were used in the fighting intradiction, it is no wonder the THE SPECTRE OF POVERTY, in diameter and 175 feet high, and Clark & Co, manufacturing and the neighbourhood of Peking in home people get thoroughly mis The spectre of poverty respon- additional boilerhouse equipment refracting opticians-the most the summer of 1920-as many led-C. China Post. sible, in the first place, for driving to handle the additional juice. competent manufacturing optical of them these men
pilots could and women from This season's milling will close establishment in the colony found for-and when that scrap their homes,
the June 15 and the new buildings are located in 53, Queen's Road, was over Chang Tso-lin took a really
It will be interesting to note primary cause of the awakening expected to be completed by July Central.
few train loads of them to that the abdicated Emperor. Among the Indian masses. 1. The whole project, it is planned, is true that of late years condi- will be completed in time for the the best came in the islands is Mukden, bile Tsao Koop Bauan Tang, of the Imperial tions have been somewhat im- opening of the next milling sea-grown, recently signed contracts far bands on and removed them an eminent fortune-teller, Lit propriated as many as he could Household, recently summoned proved, owing to the high prices son, November 1.
to mill their crop at Del Carmen. to Facting-fu. All these are now Lai-fo to his office and listen. obtained for corn, cotton, and oil The Del Carmen railway system The central is constracting seeds and to co-operative effort is being extended to accommodate branch line into this district to set apart for war uses and nothinged to the words of the fortune- which has enabled the cultivator new districts. Planters having connect with the Manila railroad, the Nanyuan near Peking but not have been paid as a TOWB75, else. There are still some left at teller Three hundred dollars scrap old implements and the largest interests in the fertile which will deliver the cane to the enough to fit out any kind of together with a letter of apprecia methods for now, to dig wells and Mabalacat district, where some of Del Carmen mills.
commercial or air-mail service. tion-Yishih Pao.
of civil disobedience en zussy,
over three continents.
of treatment.
to
is
company.
i
Captain
8.5
We
on
be
to
other
matters,
one
left
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