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EVSXESS KITArtisnio 105 tEARS,/
TREASURE HUNT.
LOST GALLEON AND ITS
RICHES.
A correspondent writes to the Observer -
The search for the treasure ship of the Armada in Tobermory Bay, off the Island of Mfull, which was suspended during the war, was resumed recently, and the latest reports indicate that the salvers are hopeful of a successful ter- mination of their labours at no distant date. Whether these ex- pectations are realised or not, the story of the quest, which is surrounded by a hal of romance, is one of persistent endeavour in face of great difficulties, and even if disappointment should continue į for some years longer to be the harvest of the operations, the spirit that has prevailed among the searchers is not likely to be daunted on that account. Colonel Mackenzie Foss, who is directing the work on behalf of a syndicate, believes that at last the surten galleon has been correctly located. but it lies hidden in the silt ofi ages, and a good deal of excera- tion may yet be necessary before anyone can be absolutely assured the the salvers are pot orce more, as they have been on several previous occasions, on the wrong track.
If the hull of the ship should ultimately be recovered, and un- leas the whole crusade has been undertaken on false information, which is extremely improbable, a rich reward is in store for the find- ers. The galleon de Florencia was the treasure ship of the "invin- cible Armada."
In its streng room were gold and silver plate, and jewels, while it was also sup- posed to contain the crown in tended for the coronation of the Spaniard who was to reign over England when the heretic Queen Elizabeth had been subjugated. In the covenants drawn up not long after the wreck of the Florencia in November, 1588 it was expressly stipulated that if the crown was recovered it should become the property of the King of England, the rest of the trea- sure to be the property of the Marquis of Argyll. The vessel sank as the result of an explosion, one of the Macleans of Morven, who had been disarmed by the Spaniards after going on board to receive payment of a debt. laying a train to the powder magazine. Among the officers were several Grandees. The Florencia car ried fifty-two cuns, and had on board. in addition to a crew of about eighty, 400 soldiers. The explosion, however, did not blow the vessel to pieces, but the fact that it scattered wreckage over a considerable area accounted for numerous failures to locate the hull, as the recovery of relies from time to time created among the salvers the impression that
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and Isabella and others that o judged to have been blown off the Don Carlos of Spain. This en-fstem of the galleon. The bould- couraging start induced the syndi-ers, which had probably formed cate to enter into a five years' the ship's
ballast, proved a engagement with the Duke of stiff barrier to the progress of Argyll for the recovery of the the work, but in 1912 confidence galleon and its contents. While in the success of the search was Along with a variety many relics were picked up dur. unabated. ing that period, the salvers were of relics were found three perfect unable to locate the ship, despite teeth firmly fixed in a jaw bone, a great deal of hard work in and almost the complete bones of boring and digging a sand-bank, a boy about fourteen years of which they subsequently realised age. Coins, pieces of pottery, and had been almost futile. It seemed
were constantly being to be beyond doubt then that they
A SKULL FOR SPAIN. had been searching the wrong
When the search was resumed place. Long steel rods were used
a few months ago, after the in- to probe the bed of the bay and when a hard obstruction was en-terruption due to the war, Colonel Foss and his staff were hopeful Priestman digge countered, a was to set excavate, and in that of having definite results ere they had only to dig deeper to an ares extending to 350.000 long, as, in their opinion, the square feet was re-marked. The position of the wreck is no longer search was by no means void of in doubt. It lies about ninety interest, and a large number of yards from Tobermory Pier, eme articles, mostly of war-like char- acter, was recovered during the
discover the real treasure chest.
was
THE EARLY EXPLORERS.
LATEST DISCOVERIES.
1909, a new
unearthed.
bedded in sand to an unknown depth. From the salvage raft, almost daily, a grab or iron cage is lowered by means of a pulley to the sea floor. When its con-
The earliest attempts to salve the vessel were made in 1661 by en expert from Sweden, who five years. found that the deck and a con- siderable portion of the sides of In October, the galleon were blown off from syndicate took up the hunt under tents of sand and silt are hoisted the mizzen-mast forward, and the direction of Colonel Mackenzie, they are deposited on a sieve, that the ball was filled with mud Foss, who satisfied himself that flushed with a powerful hose, and sand. The poop, however, the ship lay much nearer the and then carefully scrutinised. beyond the beary African oak had been supposed. The mes daily. An important recent find standing up undamaged entrance to Tobermory Bay than Pieces of right" and oak tim- bers are being brought up almost beams and planking. The bow approved appliances were pro- was in eight fathoms of water, cured and the advice of experts
was a blackened skull, which like while the stern lay eleven fathoms was sought, and in short, nothing other human remains recovered below the surface at spring tides. was left undone to expedite the from time to time, was reverently These early investigations, which work; but Colonel Foss did not laid aside to be forwarded to the were frustrated by the Clan under rate the difficulties in Spanish Government for inter- Maclean, showed that cannon attempting to locate a hulk thatent. Large quantities of stones and other materials were scatter was believed to be buried under have also been salved lately. ed about the vessel with a radius thirty feet of silt and boulder These are accounted for by an of sixty feet. Owing to no clay, which in turn were more
instruction given in the general permanent marks having been than serently feet under water. orders issued to the Armada by left by the 17th century salvers In the autumn of 1909, the salvers the Duke of Medina Sidonia to and to the shore having altered recovered a number of powder the effect that every ship should by the passage of time, the syndi-lasks, broken muzzles of small carry on board casting stones, cate who began the modem calibre, necks of jugs of Spanish to be used during a fight. In operations in 1903 had little pattern, and (most important of the same
discovery way the practical guidance from the all) a tongs-like appliance which of sheet lead in the past few Swedish predecessors. The most had been employed by Swedish weeks is associated with another interesting result of the early engineers in 1666. This seemed order given in the Spanish State search was the recovery of two to show that the divers were at papers found in the Castle of cannon, one in bronze of most the spot where the galeon sank. Simances-The artificial fire elaborate workmanship, and now
In the following summer it was must be entrusted to the care of among the relics at Inverary recorded that operatione had the mest skilled men, who under- Castle. This beautiful piece of feached the stage of rertainty as stand how to manage it, other ordnance was the work of Ben- to location. Now dredging
wise the result may be great venuto Cellini, whose monogram methods
damage to ourselves." inteduced, Werg
350,000 SQUARE-FEET EXPLORED.
*
of
it bears, along with the arms of centrifugal pump with suction
The material results of the ex Francis I. and the fleurde-lis.
capacity of 250 tons being brought ploration may ultimately prove into play. The recovery
to be of great value: but these are numerous pieces of black not the sole factors that are now After the lapse of fully 300 African oak and lime-encrusted inspiring the ealver, whose aim years, operations were tcgan in iron stimulated the belief that the is to raise the sunken galleon as 1903 by a syndicate under the archers had at last struck the relic of supreme historical in- control of Captain Burns, who scene of the treasure ship. Then terest. It would be a matter of employed two expert divers and came a new source of trouble, the national pride if through the un- a diving lighter with powerful diggers encounterings thick layer tiring efforts of Colonel Foes the machinery. High hopes were of clams, oysters, and, cockle country should fad a unique raised by their first season's shells pressed almost to the conmemorial of that "invincible labours, the relics brought up sistency of concrete, and soon Armada," which, in the words including a large bronze gun with afterwards the divers found below of Bacon, after they had been breech block filled with its charge these layers of shells huge bould-well beaten and chased, made a of powder, a store cannon ball er ranging up to half a ton in perambulation about the Nor- ready for the application of the weight. With a more powerful thern Seas, enuobling
several blunderbuses, suction pump the salvers in 1911 costa with wrecks of mighty swords and scabbards, a gold ring, made a large addition to the list ships, and so returned home and forty-five doubloons, some of relics, and brought up large with greater derision than they bearing the names of Ferdinand quantities of timber, which were set forth with expectation,"
match,
many
NOTICES.”“”.
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Some of the articles illustrated; Tailor-Made Costumes Underwest
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