1919-09-04 — Page 3

KOLTCHAK EXPOSED.

FOE TO DEMOCRACY...

Koltchak broke up a demo- cratic Government in Siberia with the ruthlessness of a Tartar conqueror. He suppressed free speech and free Press. He jailed, exiled, or murdered every mem- ber of the Russian Constituent Assembly upon whom he could lay his hands. He caused the apponents of his rule of the fist to be tortured or killed. And now the Council-of-Four has decided to supply Koltchak with money. provisions, and ammunition."

In these terms Mr. Joshua Rosett, who was sent to Siberia in the autumn of last year by the American Committee on Public Information-the official public. ity department of the Washington Government-writes in the New Republic of the man whom the All-Russian Governnient. by its decree of Nov. 18, 1918, appointed

Supreme Ruler."

The text of that remarkable in- strument, together with other extracts from Mr. Rosett's article. was published in The Daily News" on July 7 in a cabled mes- sage from our Special Corresond- ent, Mr. P. W. Wilson, but in an exposure which, given textually. would occupy sonie nine colunins of this paper, there is much ad- ditional matter that calls of quota- tion. In particular, the cirumst- ances in which Koitehak assumed power are narrated by Mr. Rosett with a wealth of illuminating detail. making his article an importan: contribution to the history of a movement whose avowed object, as he shows, was the restoration of an autocracy, though not that of the Romanoffs.

THE ZEMSTVO SYSTEM. Government by Zemstyo. i.e.. by a legislative, exective. and judiciary system corresponding to the Aministration of the various States in the American Union. was extended to Siberia during the war by the Tsar. The Bolsheviks substituted Soviet Government, but when Vladivos tok. was taken by the Czecho- Slovaks in June. 1918, the Zemstvo officials returned to their places. Mr. Rosett found them in October last "working like beavers"; it was clear, he says. "that a strong democratic system of government was gradually emerging.

The mase of the people were hopeful, and had great confidence in the Zemstros, who were work- ing out a scheme of government on the model of the United States. About the middle of October, however, the Directorate of Five

M. Zimmermann "brought an order from the Directorate that the militia of the province should

be handed over to him., and M.

Tseklinsky informed the protest

ing Zemstvo administration that

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VETERAN WAR PIGEONS.

FUTURE OF ACTIVE SERVICE BIRDS.

བ་

[dropping them from aeroplanes in. baskets attached to parachutes."

ALIA

and merchants!

come to the conclu-

There is already a big boom in carrier pigeons.

CLEVER WAR INVENTION. A-claim with respect to the use

at Omsk, which had been elected China on an order from "Omsk:| Mr. Rosett recalls Koltchak's

an All-Russian "The English General Knox, alarmı 10 organise

proposal for Government. sent a commissary says the laconic, report quoted a conference of all the

Carrier pigeons have, in fact, named Zimmermann to Vladivos by Mr. Rosett. "detailed several Russian political factions

|been employed in all parts of the tok to superinted the affairs of English soldiers to act as guards Prince's Island. General Graves,

battle zone-even in the front- the Maritime "Province. The for the prisoners.”

the chief of the American

line trenches-and. as a result, Ministary of Supplies at Omsk The list of candidates for the Expeditionary Force in-Siberia,

Feathered "veterans of H.M. numbers of our soldiers, sailors. also sent a representative. M. election at Vladivostock in Janu-be says, expressed the view that

Service áre being and airmen have formed Tseklinsky.

ary last was submitted for the the anti-Koltchak groups must be Pigeon

demobilised." and it has been attachment for them and ате approval of the hated Commissary allowed to send delegates, as well from Omsk, who struck off the as the Koltchak Government decided to present them to dis-taking up the breeding of carrier pigeons either as a sport or a names of a number of candidates. itself. His attitude was such that charged soldiers. The result was that the people Koltchak ceased

The Daily Chronicle under hobby. to look to

In commercial circles, the stayed at home on election day. America for support in his stands that the Pigeon Services and only 4.000 votes were cast as autocratic ambitions. "But he of the Army and Navy are to be "Daily Chronicle" understands, if it did not immediately hand against 35,000 at the previous did not need it. He had the disbanded, and that, in future that many traders over to him all the supplies of the election.

substantial co-operation of Eng-of the RAF. will be responsible have province he would order. what Meanwhile at Omsk itself every land and of Japan, and even of for the varied duties which are sion that under certain conditions, such as in isolated situations, allotted to "carriers." practically amounted to a block-known or suspected malconteat democratic France." ade.

These will be almost exclusive-pigeons are invaluable for cheap The Zemstvo administra- was branded as a Bolshevik and "Left to themselves," a leading

arrested tion submitted.

accordingly. The Zemstvo official to the American ly confined to work in connection and ready means of commu' ica- Supreme Ruler

ordered the investigator," the Russian people with seaplanes, for which the tion.

A service of carrier-pigeons merciless execution of all could cope with Koltchak very birds bave proved themselves in- A few days later it was announced that the Siberian persons who attempted to create easily indeed. You know they valuable, and, in consequence of bas already been instituted in disturbances. I have talked coped with Nicholas. But they the development which is taking Borneo by an enterprising trader, Duma. the central body of the Zemstvos systerr. had been with a number of eye-witnesses can hardly start a row while their place in aviation, the establish the birds being used to carry is full of guests. It ment of the RAF. pigeon has messages in connection with the dissolved by order of the Admin-respecting this merciless execu-house

tion," save Mr. Rosett, and he wouldn't be polite.”

largely increased.

coaling of vessels. istrative Council." The tempor

A Daily Chronicle representa adds: 7 ary All-Russian Government

tive was informed by the officer "The reader "may" know that ordered that it should be re-con-

LONDON CHURCH TO BE

in charge of the R.A.F. Pigeon voked, but two members of the the Ornsk district is one of the

DEMOLISHED.

Service that practically the whole temporary Government, Vologod- coldest inhabited spots of the

Under a decision, which arises of the pigeons used by the Army, sky and General Boldireff, dis- world. The December of 1918

was one of the coldest on record, out of the amalgamation of the Navy and Air Force during the agreed with this order, and, with the active participation of Army. Koltchak's men made use of two City parishes of St. Al-war, numbering 80,000 were pre- by the War Office of a photo- cause the arrest of the other this fact; they stripped the rebels phage's, London Wall, and St. sented gratuitously by breeders, metric screw gauge, by means of three members. Almost simult- and drove them naked through Mary the Virgin, Aldermanbury, in return for which the latter which four girls could do the aneously Koltchak, who had been the streets until in agony they the modern part of the former, were given free supplies of corn work of 20, was made before the prominent in these occurrences, confessed the names and hiding which dates from 1775, is to be to assist in rearing fresh recruits." War Inventions Commisson re- demolished. The church stands” Breeders have been sent an cently at Queen Anne's Gate. was appointed Minister of the places of their leaders.

CHASTLY BUTCHERY. upon an ancient site, and part official letter of thanks from the According to Mr. G. C. Stowel Army and Navy.

"They were then placed in of the original structure, Air Council," he said, together who is in charge of the Inspection His appointment as Supreme

the with list of those birds which Department at Woolwich, this Ruler followed in November, but rows and shot, and their frozen which

has already saved Koltchak was not content with bodies piled into freight cars. 13th century as the Elsyng Spital rendered signal service, and have machine the mere title. His Council of Protruding arms and legs were is to be retained with the relice been specially mentioned in dis-£12,000 at the Arsenal.

claim was submitted on behalf severed with a blow of the axe. preserved in its museum of patches. Ministers on Nov. 30 issued a

City history. St. "Many of the incidents men-of Mr. A. J. Cooke, head of a series of law providing for the The cars were pu led out of town, medieval death penalty in case of persons and the bodies dumped in beaps Alphage's was the burying-placetioned are extremely thrilling, the Addington Technical In- of many City notables of the and in a few cases. old, war-worn stitute, and it was stated that guilty of attempts against the to wait for the spring."

Interfering with the last re-middle centuries. The Ecclesias-birds have been, pensioned off by the gauge, which was his inven❤ life health, freedom, or power of the Supreme Ruler or of attempts mnants of representative govern- tical Commissioners, to whom the the Government, and are now tion, was introduced at the One Arsenal in 1917 through the to overthrow or change the order ment, Koltchak, through his com- ownership of the site now reverts, living in peace and plenty of government. It was was fur-missary, sought to exclude two of are about to issue an invitation of these is the pigeon which was agency of Mr. Wilson, of the

the newly-elected delegates from to any relatives interested to shot through the eye while de-Inspection Department. ther decreed that any person

arrangemente for the livering a message. It recovered Trevor Wateon, for the Crown. guilty of the conscious non-full-the Vladivostock City Council make ment of an order by Supreme because of their alleged Bolshevik removal of these remains. In from the wound, and is now at said that Mr. Wilson admitted that the method of double.projec Ruler is subject to the punish-sympathies, and through his cases where there is no applica Westgate, 'on light duty."

"The number of lives saved by tion was suggested to him by Mr. ment of being deprived of all Minister of the Interior for-bade tion the remains will probably be rights and confinement to hard the Convention of Siberiau Zem-re-interned in Ilford Cemetery, pigeons during the war will never Cooke, but Mr. Wilson, claimed labour for a term of from 15-20 stvos and City Councils to discuss The site, a valuable one, will be be known, added the officer, that Mr. Cooke's method was questions of the construction of sold. The resident population of "for, in addition to the many practically unworkable, and that years,"

Government and other political the parish at the last census was pilots and observers who have it was only by means of his im- questions of a similar character." only 93 persone. The church has been rescued from wrecked provements that the work could The Convention in reply to this seating accommodation for 260 machines as a result of messages be done. Mr. Temple Franks On Nov 27 four members of and other ordera, passed a series persons, and the value of the faithfully delivered, the birds remarked that what they had to the Directorate. Avksientieff, of resolutions opposing the Go-Living, which has been held by have been used to establish, com- do was to attribute the value of Zenunoff, Arganoff, and Rogof-vernment of Koltchak as illegal Prebendary H. A. Mason since murication with troops who were the two contributions. The Com-

re conveyed by train into and arbitrary,

1915, in £850 per smum

surrounded by the enemy, by missioners reserved their decision

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