1919-09-01 — Page 2

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PLUNDERING OF THE PEASANTRY,

Ekaterinodar (Caucasus), July; 1.-This is a tantalizing and elu ive. front, says Times ear- respondent. I have just made, in company with several British officers, A rain attempt to reach the line of battle of the Don armies. The Dou authorities ar Novo-Tcherkask gave every possible facility and LONGEST arranged an excellent programme. and, thanks to their hospitality. we travelled up the Novo- Tcherkask-Voronezh railway in great comfort. But we did not reach the front because, while we were travelling, the whole situa- tion suddenly changed and the front disappeared into space.

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Novo- returned to we Tcherkask to attend a great service of thanksgiving for the complete liberation of the "Don territory. One whole day we travelled through country freed a month ago and less from the Bolshevists, for after the sudden collapse of the northern Don country in January the Red Army Came down very near Novo- Tcherkask.

In was glorious Jpeù country, green Eelds and rolling downs, intersected by winding rivers, the Donets flowing under the chalk

cliffs of a ridge that runs far to the north-eastward, with villages straggling far along the slopes and valley, every farm embower- ed in green. Shell holes from the armoured trains along, the line,; battered buildings here and there in the outskirts of settlements, and truckloads of captured muni- tions told of the recent fighting. Stations rided of all furniture were thronged with Cossacks and peasants, who seemed dazed by the storm through which they had passed.

Only when we spoke to them they crowded round, their apathy disappeared. and they vied in recounting the terrors of the Red regime. "They promised an ear- thly paradise" was the favourite expession, and obviously many, both Cossacks and peasants, at first believed the promises. They "are thoroughly cured now..

ROBBERY, MURDER, AND MOB RULE.

Both at Namenskaya and Mil- lerovo, the chief trading centres of the district, the story was the same robbery and murder, mur- der and robbery.

They took our cattle and corn and sent it north; took the cloth- ing and furniture; shot people without trial, especially the old men. Sometimes they took little. boys away with them as servants, and often carried off the women. They killed the priests too. Some escaped and some the villagers. defended.

They had revolutionary trib.

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In London and in the Provincial Towns and Industrial Centres of the United Kingdom and the Continest of Earop The panda, addremes and other details are slawited under more than 2000 trade --headings, including EXPORT - MERCHANTS -

and the Colonial and Foreign Markota supplied STEAMSHIP LINKS

there. Most who were arrested were sem to the Chrezvychaika (Extraordinary Commission) which shot them without trial. There were poverty committees, composed of the riff-raff, "who informed where the peasants had hidden their corn, and every man who owned a cow they called, a bourgeois. One young peasant told with great emotion how his father-in-law was murdered.

They arrested him one day and said:-

"Confess you are a counter revolutionary, or, we will cut your ears off."

He answered, "I don't know what counter-revolutionary is. Then they cut one ear off.

He called his sons.to him and said, "Sons, to-night they will shoot me. Find out where to get i the body.and: bury it.”

The sons listened that night and heard a volley. They went next morning where they had heard the sound, and found feet sticking out of the earth. Their father lay there with several others. He was shot only because a man he quarrelled with ten years ago denounced him as a counter-revolutionary.

A Cossack from the Jundorovskaya eettlement said:

The Bolshevists profaned our church, tore down all the ikons, made the women dance in church, then gave cinema shows there. All round our country they killed

with detailed particulars of the Goods skipped the priests in the schools, tore down the holy ikons, and forbade religious teaching.

arringså under, the Ports so which they sail, and indicating the approximate Ballings,

| Onodach BOBINZUG FEARING Of Pieni dealzing ‚ão achacał siede ommunalistikyyetinde, ferde of. DEALERS SEEKING ÁBENGIKA

1. under which they are fasets.

A copy of the directory "wID be out by garSR), Ipost for 38 shitiloga, matt emad prizh order.

Another blue-eyed man with fair, drooping moustache, who f looked as if he would not kill å fly, proved to be a revoltad Cossack from Kazanskaya, north- oast of Millerove, where the Cossacks, rose against the Bolshevists a month ago He Baid

We suffered two months in our ettlement: 1. Ther killed, 278]

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people and took all our Then one night we revolted, got lead and cast bullets, and started to drive out the Commissaries. The Bolshevists said our bullets were very bad and melted in the wounds.

told them that Admiral Koltohak had taken Ufe. They did not know who Koltohak was, but said. “If he knows we are fight- ng here our families will suffer. We will go home" And 200 of them started for home.

PANIC-STRICKEN ENEMY. When we reached the head- quarters of the army corps our plan collapsed. Our objective was Liski, a big junction in the Voronosh government. The main body of the corps stood 38. miles south of Liski, on the River Kalitva, with the Reds on the other side, separated by a blown- up railway bridge, with desultory fighting going on. Suddenly on the right at Isiant General Sekretsoff's cavalry division by a brilliant dash outflanked this line, drove the Reds from Butur- linovka, and when we reached head-quarters was within seven miles of Liski, which was taken on Saturday. The Redson the Kalitva were hastily moving their trans- port north-west across country to avoid capture, but were in danger of being cut off by the movement of the Volunteer Army along the railway from Kupiansk to Liski, where eight trains of Reds were standing helpless, deserted by the enginedrivers and stokers. At the same time, behind Liski, a large force of Red deserters was lurking in the woods, waiting to join the Cossacks.

The Reds are in panic-stricka fight. Even Voronezh is being Levacuated, as the whole Don Army is in motion, and there was no possibility of seeing the fight- ing on that front for many days. we reluctantly returned.

In the meantime the Crimea is liberated,Ekatermoslav has fallen, the Volunteer Army is advancing | an Poltava. and the Kubans are within reach of Kursk. Most important of all, as already tele graphed, after Serce fighting the Tsaritsyn stronghold has fallen, yielding thousands of

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prisoners and tons of booty. Pe THE SIAM INDUSTRIES SYNDICATE

A hundred of us rose, the num- sant risings are reported all along bor soon grew to 39.000, and-we-the line, and it is difficult to see drove out the Reds. The Reds are

mostly Russians. 2 "faw Austrians, and some Chinese.

where and when the Bolshevists All the can stop the debacle. Cossack lands are cleared and Many Red conscripts were General Denikin is swiftly ad- from the Uia government, We vaucing fnto the heart of Russia'

}

CARLIER

TELEGRAMS.

DEATH OF GENERAL BOTHA.

Pretoria, Aug. 25.

The Ht on Louis Botha has died suddenly from intuenza.

By his death South Africa loses its first Premier and the British Empire, ut ui its most valued statesmen. During Boer the Boer war he was Commander-in-Chief of the -Forces-but-since that he has appealed to the Boers and their fellow subjects in England to let the blood of the urave who found their graves in South Africa be the cement that will bind us together." During the present war General Botha has eamed for himself an enviable name buth as a statesman and a soldier and his work in South- west Africa which ended in the defeat of the German forces w never be forgotten.

London, Aug. 29.

The death of General Botha, Prime Minister of South Africa, is the chief feature of all the newspapers. It appears he contracted influenza at Pretoria and died at midnight an August it after a heart attack. The press em- phasise that Gen. Botha was the most romantic figure of the whole Empire and the greatest personality in the African continent. The news of his death was immediately transmitted to the King, the Premier, Lord Milner and

thers and messages of condolence have been went to the " South African Government and General Botha's family. He began life as a shepherd boy on a Boer farm. He be- eate a farmer and was a member of the first Volksrand of the Transvaal. He rose from Veld Cornet in the Boer Army to Generalissimo. The romance of, his subsequent career is well-known.

Pages of obituary notices, special articles, photographs and incidents of his career testify to the importance of the position held by General Botha in the eyes of the British public. Experts rho analyze the work and character of the deceased emphasize less astonishment at his military career than his work as an Empire statesman, recalling his efforts to Obtain full recognition of the political status of the Domin juns. As regards his stand in favour of the maintenance of the Union his difficulties with the Nationlists thereanent is recalled At a recent Congress of the South African party at Bloemfontein he appealed for an honest reunion of the Dutch elements based on the recognition of the Act of Union and it is hoped this, as it turned out, the dying appeal of a great statesman may effect reconciliation, which was one of the great objects of his life.

The Westminister Gazette" says the news came as a pang to the whole Empire. There are few men in the world whose death could leave such a "gap or create such obvious difficulties for those who take up the work left a great soldier in anfinished General Botha was not only his own manner of 5ghting but a great statesman, being a most powerful reconciling force in the Empire. We can scarcely estimate to-day how much we owe to a man who at the close of the Boer War accepted the consequences in so fine a spirit and linked his own and his people's fortunes with those of the British. It couclades We can but con- sole ourselves that before his death he laid deep and strong - the foundations whereupon will be built the nobler African- Empire of the future."

THE PEACE TREATY

Copenhagen, Aug. 29.

A message from Berlin says that Germany has been informed by Marthal Foch that the entitled for three months after the Peace Treaty is operative to maintain. twenty battalions of infantry, ten squadrons of cavalry and the hity Hometze, neutral zone two batteries of

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EARLIER TELEGRAMS.

-WARNING TO RUMANIA,

Paris August 25...

The text of M. Clemenceau's letter to Humanis on August 23, declares that the Peace Conference has learned that Rumania is continuing the systematic seizure and re- moval of Hungarian property. It points gut that Romania as a signatory to the German Treaty subscribed to the Allied principles as regards reparations and the consequent pooling of enemy assets in the common interest, which prin- ciple Rumania is now contravening. Rumania is warned that the possible consequences of her action are fraught with serious danger and the Allies might be constrained to adopt e most vigorous course of action.

The Conference accordingly awaits from Ruinanis at immediate unequivocal declaration, firstly, that the Govern meat of Romania recognises the principle that die assets of enemy states are common security for all the Allied and" Associated Powers: secondly, that it recognises the Repara- tion Commission as the exclusive agency for the collection of enemy assets for reparation; thirdly, that Hungarian pro- perty received into Rumania since the armistice on Nov- ember 3, 1918 will be accounted for in detail and held at the disposal of the Reparation Commission; fourthly, that all father shipments of Hungarian property into Bumaniz w immediately cease except with the approval of the Con- ference, fifthly, that the Government of Rumania ratifies the agreement she contracted on Jyce 27.

THE BOLSHEVIK OFFENSIVE.

Omek, August 9.

A French Bying detachment has arrived to cooperate with Keltebak. Fugitives from Kieff declare that the Bol shevists continue to imprison and murder inhabitants in- cluding officials of the Polish Legation. The arrest of six thousand Poles was recently ordered of whom only sir hundred escaped. Ukrainian reports state that the Ukrain jan Anti-Bolshevik troops reached Fojarka, ten miles from Kieft.

London, August 25.

A Bolshevik wireless of August 23, claims to have recap-- tured Pakol. In the offensive begun on the whole southern front they captured Kamysin and are advancing on Theritsyn and Kharkoff, while on the eastern front, they are advancing uninterruptedly in the region of Troitsk, Kurgan and Tobolak.

..

A telegram from Omsk on August 25, says that south- west of Troitsk the Bolshevist forces were heavily defeated and forced to retreat Fourteen thousand were prisonered:

BRITISH MONITOR BLOWN UP

The British monitor Glow snik. It was tied up to an

it is believed that forty arw

The case of the cafaskrople is m