1919-08-16 — Page 2

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POLITICAL OUTLOOK IN

SOVIET RUSSIA.

A SOCIALIST ON THE NHL IH REGIME,

A special correspondent of the Manchester Guardian writes from Reval under date of June 5 as follows

I have had several long con- versations with Mr. Grigori Alexinaky, & member of the Second Duma, who, with his wife and son, has just come from Moscow to Petrograd, and from there, with extraordinary ad- | ventures, to Gdov, on the eastern shore of Lake Peipus, whence they were helped across the lake into Esthonia. It is a moving story, and one's admiration goes out to the man who could go through it with such buoyant good-humour in spite of the risks, and still more to the detached, "objective

air of

his information. After nine manths of prison, illnesses, food difficulties, and living under con- stant threats, "hs harbours to malice, but deʼsils the whole i thi. g dispassionately, and where pssible pus in a good wird for the Bolsheviks, though he is the determined opponent of Bol-he vism. He is an example of a spirit which is all too rare, while 1 felong work as a politician gives hin an intimate knowledge of men and matters political in Russia which makes his judg- ment worth c-nşid ring carefu ly. Speaking of mate in life in Moscow, be quoted the old La'in

Panem et circeness" ard s idzi

Il y a peu de tain n-is beaucoup de spectac es." The tres are fu`), there are ceno. rts and fetes, kie mar (ationalised), but food! I und rstood when he gave the following list :

Moscow. Petrograd.

Bread... 35-40 roubles & b.

40 roubles a lb. Sugar... 160 roubles a lb.

200 roubles a lb. Butter...120-130 roubles a lb.

160-180 roubles a lb. 300 roubles a lb.

I roable ach.

Tea

400 roubles a lb. Cigarettes. 1 rouble each. Shoes...1500 roubles a pair. 1,500

roubles a pair. →→ Old fur caps will fetch 200-300

roubles. Matches...3 roubles per box. 4

roubles per box.

1lb. salt will sell for 5lb butter.

THE OLD CURSE OF RUSSIA."

This is an appalling list, and the state of things with regard to living is brought home by an investigation conducted by the Bolsheviks themselves, which brought out the fact that a work man to get enough to eat needed 8,000 roubles a month. This is aggravated by the difficulty of procuring what food there is. The only shops are Soviet shops, save a few private ones which offer saccharine and odd things, and one must wait for what one wants even after securing the necessary permission from one's local Soviet. But it is possible to buy at speculative prices in the street, for the old curse of Russia-peculation and specula- tion is still active. Tying Com- münism has not stopped that. Commissaries sell to speculators

who fleece the public.

To the honour of the Bolsheviks, said Mr. Al rinsky, they re aware of this, are on the watch for it, and deal severely with offenders. In his prison were many Bolsheviks charged with this offence," and "many wera ¡ executed...

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AUGUST 16.- 1919.

UNIVERSITY OF COLOGNE,

GERMAN ADMISSIONS AND

With the Rhe Army, June 12The establishment of the University of Cologne, after an interval of 125 years, was the occasion for a large public meet ing to-day in the Gurzenich, the mediaval banqueting-hall of the Town Council, at which fank admissions of German colapse were listened to in gloomy silence. Many of the leading families of Cologue were represented in this gather- ing. The students of the new University, in pill box caps, white gowns and iron crosses, sat in one portion of the hill, and a chair- of 100 voices, supported by a fine orchestra and the great orgue. sang with what seemed to me peculiar inappropriateness the *Hallelujah Choras" from "The Messiah.""

All the speeches laid stress on the absoluts defeat of the country and the necessity for complete reconstruction. German might

is broken and the enemy

in our midst," said the Oberburgo-| master Adenauer, who had just returned from Versailles.

Other orators, in outlining the educational

scheme of the new University, agreed accepting- the present situation, profiting by the errors of the past, and resolving

in

to begin snow. They also er

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scheme of a Rhineland separate from the remainder of Germany, Cologne had a University from

much that even petroleum was not too "dear to give them. A1388 until the occupation of the popular pan on Koltchak's name city by the French during the runs freely. It is untranslatable, but is to the effect that Koltchak has cracked the Bolsheviks. And to the Bolshevik charge that Koltchak brings reaction it is Not so: be brings

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the orators in the Gurzenich were reminding the bread."

But these details, interesting as lesson, which was not wholly lost people of their defeat, an object- they are, take a second place on those outside, was witnessed compared with Mr. Alexinsky's in front of the Cathedral. Twe political remarks. He is a coo-British tanks, resplendent in fresh vinced Socialist, an enemy of gray paint, were drawn up before Bolshevism, a clear thinker and the great west doors at eleven talker, and his experiences are completely fresh. The result is

o'clock with a band and escort of that one may get a glimpse of Flotilla. Lieutenant-General Hal bluejackets from the Rhine political actualities in Russia with an adumbration of the tutüre

dane. Commanding the 6th Corps. from his talk. Koltchak, he says, head, arrived a moment after they which holds part of the bridge- has *B certain popularity had swung already. "But he would not be

the square, tolerated as an autocrat; only as

followed by a dense crowd an interim governor pending the

of civilians. He inspected the formation of a Constituent Ag-naval guard, and afterwards the sembly "a romark which can

crews of the tanks, as they stood be commended to the attention close-fitting brown overalls, with at the head of their ships clad in of the reactionary groups who are backing Kolchak. For. as will be seen just now, it is the peasant who courts.

at

into

revolvers strapped to their belza. The tanks made a deep impres- sion on the people. particularly their extreme, mobility.

They manoeuvred with the ease of 2 motor car, and when the escort

marched off on the conclusion of procession and turned the corner the inspection,they fall into the

of the square with wonderful

The stories of the adherence of Social Revolutionaries to Bois- hevism are founded, says Mr. Alexinsky, on the coming of a small delegation to Moscow after the overturning of the Social Revolutionary Government Ufa. The much-talked-of ease and precision.. rapprochement not only failed, but the delegation, save one, Socialism). To him, as to the Tchernov, was imprisoned, and crowds of his political comrades, was not amnestied on May 1, that would be abhorrent, and the when some thousands were set remark and opinion should be free from prison.

noted.

BOLSHEVISM A FAILURE" As an experiment in pure Com- Mr. Alexinsky considers that munism, in theory and practice, Bolshevism is a failure so, many changes have been forced upon the leaders by the necessities of their situation. He

NATIONALISATION OF WOMEN STORY,

Jane 7. Between the populations of Petrograd and Moscow he drew a contrast. At the former place. it had fallen to about one-third instanced of its original size, and people the relations with the peasants, were very dejected and depressed. the concessions for commercial During the state of siege cach The town has Soviets for each Russia's debt. In fact, he says its tenants but these guards were exploitation, the assumption of house was guarded by relays of arrondissement, and a central that Bolshevism is a failure both again watched by truly sailors Soviet over all. But, according materially and ideologically. from Kronstadt. At Moscow the to bira, the Soviet system has His description of the process of population gone much further to absurdity.this failure is again worthy of creased,

had largely in- For each house-e, block of flats attention.

and W28 of Bolsheviks of room--has its own Sovjet-

wished highly different temperament. to destroy the commission of the poor of the

capitalism, and Incidents happened there that called in the house, which

• peasants were unthinkable at Petrograd. At distributee the

to aid the workmen in this das- the nationalisation of women he food and gives passes to tenants for entering their own

truction. It has ended, as we laughed, and said it was a lie fooms. The picture is not exactly &

know, in the peasants acquiring spread by anti-Bolsheviks, which pleasant one and Mr. Alexinsky

land, and with it the mentality sprang from the action of a garcon said that there was great dissatis-

of the small bourgeois, so that coiffeur at Odessa, who constituted faction

the people,

they are now against the work. himself commissary and prepared among especially the woinen...

mer and against Communism. and printed a proclamation on The Bolshevistic destruction of this subject. Mr. Alexinsky went on to say

It was never that the peasants were even more existence a much more extensive dismissed as an idiot by the the bourgeoisie has brought into published, and the coiffeur was dissatisfied. They were exas-

pėti bourgeoisie. And it is a official Commissary on his arrival. perated by the requisitioning of democratic bourgeois Government. their produce, by the lack of which Mr. Alexinsky thinks will, ionaries who had returned to We talked of the old revolut- manufactured goods of petroleum, be the next phase and the Russia during the war and after of matches, and of salt. "A glance t

necessary link between at the list above will show the Tsaistie bureaucracy and the he drew were a little sad

the the Revolution, and the pictures well-nigh fabulous price of ultimate Socialistic regime. they spoke of

dísillusioument pound of salt. They had return- ed to, the use of old-fashioned ways of lighting--the luchine and had dragged out and were to extera, ikur pensational Chale Garde of working again the old handlooms. THE PEASA US AND TOBAK, In the region of the Volga, in

provin of

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THE

LONDON DIRECTORY,

with Provincial & Foreys Sections. enables tada to ormananalate direct with MANUFACTURERS & DEALERS

in Load sat in the Protiscir? Towns and Industrial Centres of the Timiled Kingdden and the Contigent of Enrope The name, addresses kaf rebar detalls sie clamided under marathon trade- badings, including EXPOLIT BERPUNITS. with desunt parteners of the Goode shipped and the Colosal and Foreign ketu popplíca: "STEAMSHIP" LINES arranged ander the Ports to which they sai, and indicating Cha Appertimais. Fallings,

Oninch BUSIN 268 CARDS of Firma desiring:

|

times insisted on the fear of the Bourtseff, I know are out of the One last point. I have many and death. Tchaykovsky and anti-revolutionary movements country, Vera Sassulitch died and leaders expressed by the in Petrograd on May 9 and Baltic peoples; they feel instinct received public burial, for which avely the reactionary behind the Bolshevik Government offered them, and fear his mccess. Quite to pay expenses, She had aer sad spontaneously. Mr. Alexinaky fed much morally, and the offcial expressed the same leath - organ "said that though she had keresults of these sit

recently los

spirit of the egooperations woul

lution Aver time she had and

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