1919-01-13 — Page 10

EARLIER TELEGRAMS:

* ARRANGING THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS.

London, Jan 10...

In hip pamhlet General Smuts points out that three empiros · have -passed away, namely the German, Austrian, and Turkish, "These empires, while they incidentally robbed 'their: constituents, at least kept peace among them. What are we now going to substitute for them l`The peoples left" behind by the decomposition of Russia, Austria and Turkey. are mosity incapable of or deficient in power of self-governs "meat" "They are also destitate and require auraing towards --- economic and political independence. Surely the only sen- sible course is a League of Nations, the reversionary in the broadest sense of these empires. Hence the establish- ment of a League of Nations should be the primary and - basic task of the Peace Conference. Yay more, the Con- ferencs should look upon itself as the first preliminary meeting of the League. Still referring to the peoples of the former Russisa, Turkish and Austrian Empires, General. Smats says there should be no annexation in these terri- fories. Maar of them are capable of self-government but others are incapable, for example Palestine and the Armen- fan vilayet. In the latter case the administration will have to be undertaken by some external authority. The League 3 Nations would take control but not directly because joint International sitministration had been found wanting wher ever it had been tried.' It results in paralysis tempered by intrigue. Helice a State should be nominated to act for the League, its nomination to be conditioned by giving the peoples the right to state a preference although this cannot be done in cases where consaltion is impossible. The League would reserve ultimate control. The people of the governed State would have the right to appeal to it in case of mis- government and the policy of the open door should be followed in all such States. Speaking generally of the early future situation under his scheme General Smnts says the new sovereign States such as Poland, Finland, Bohemia and Greater Serbia will have arisen. A large number of autonom ods · States will- also have arisen, befriended advised and masisfed by the greater States While the smaller number of areas will be directly administered by one or other of the Powers, uver all will be the League. General Smuts believes that such a system is workable and will remove the most fruitful sources of war. The system would elosely resemble the Government of the British Empire which had beas so eminently successful as, political system. The writer emphasises that there are two extremes avoided, namely the super-state, and the mere debating society. He suggests that Council of the League. be composed of representatives of the fire great powers: Bri- tain, the United States, France, Italy and Japan, Germany to be added as soon as she has got a stable and democratic government and four additional members to be added from two panels, one comprising important intermediate powers below the rank of the great powers, namely Spain, Hungary, Tarkey, Contrat Russia, Poland, Greater Serbia, and the -ather panel comprising all minor States. Each pansi would provide two members. There would thus be ten members of the Council as soon as Germany is admitted and the - great Powers would have a bare majority of representative. -All resolations of the Conference should only have the force of recommendations to be submitted to the governments and legislatures of the powers composing the League. General Smuts lays great stress on the moral effect of the work of the League in forming a strung body of international opinion in sapport of the League. The Council however is the really important part of the constitution of the League. Repre sentatives of the Powers thereon should be Prime-Ministers or Foreign Secretaries, who however should be entitled to appoint locum tenens" without unduly or irritationly inter- aring with affairs." The Bates Council must keep in touch with the conditions of all countries under its charge and be i-a position from Srsthand information to make up its mind of matters requiring executive action by the League. The Council must give special attention to situations all over the world which may develop serious international troubles. Indeed, its head office organisation must resemble the Gen- eral Staf

to be

As regards the preservation of world peace by the League General Bats utters a warning against expecting too muet. He that while the social and political conditions from. ach war arises remain it is vain to expect any good from new institutions superimposed on those conditions. If the League of nationė ja merely meant as a pew wheel to the boach the addition will not be worth making. Regarding sposals for the future prevention of war General Bmats wrongly opposed conscription which he regards as the tap root of militarism. Unless that is cat all our labours will be in vain. General Bmate proposes that the Peace Treaty shall provide that members of the League bind themselves not to go to war with one another: firstly, without previous- ly submitting the dispute to arbitration or inquiry by the Council of the League, secondly, until there has been an award or report by the Cornell; thirdly, not even then as against a member which complies with the award or recom. mendation of the Council. This prohibition should in the "fast resort, be guaranteed by force.

While supporting the principle of self determination ba rules out the case of Alsace-Lorraine because this is no case of territorial sequisition but only restitution, also, the Ger man colonies because in them the principle of self-deter- mination has really no meaning.

All the newspaper ealogise the pamphlet and hail it as the Erst serious attempt to give a definite form and con- stitation to an ideal about which most men have been content to be vague. General Smuts whole pisu iz courageous and provides the Peace Conference with an ideal which should be of practical nið..........

BOLSHEVIKS CAPTURE RIGA,

YESTERDAY'S

TELEGRAMS.

Rear's Service so the“ Talegraph." TRE PEACE CONFÉRENCE.

TELEU

¿Renterʼn Service to the *

GUSUIT FATTELEGRAMS.

DEMOBILISATION.

PRESIDENT WILSON IN ITALY,

London, January & In his statement

an de

New York, Jan. 5.

TELEGRAMS

{Heatur's Service to the

WAY GERMANY GAVE IN,

Faris,

TELEGRAMS.

(šeriju's Servios to The "Telegraph,“)

A DUTCH CONCESSION.

The Hague, Jan. E

Jed

* Paris, January & mobilsation, the Prime Minis

The "Excelsior” revsala. 's all The Dutch Government annouDona The Cabinet has approved the apter said

In Rome, the representatives of a new offensive on the rraine that, the British have been informed pointment of the following plenipot now might lose

that impatience the Ilahan Press were received by front which was program to be that it does not object to the trans- enkiaries to the Peace Conference-wooks what had taken years of he afternoon a1 430, when the Editors which compelled the Germans to ions for the troops of occupation of in a few President Wilson at the Quirinal this "gin on 19th November, knowledge of port by Datch waterways of provi 1. Clemencean; M. Pichon, 32. roism and sarifice

to gain. We in Chief of the thirty leading papers ans for an armatico, fix hundred Germany and the use of the Scheldt Klots, Minister of Finance Tardien must be strong and united in order of all Italy were present. In an ad thousand France Americans, com for demobilised troops returning and M. Jules Cambon, ex-Ambas to exert proper influence among dress of grooting the Hogoura Nemanded by General Castelnau and home providing such transport is nɔk. sador to Berlin Marshal Foch will other nations at the Peace Confer Torre, President of the Italian Pressplendidly equipped had been cop-regarded as a procedent, is made an naturally be included as the Allied ence. Three handred thousand sal Association, emphasized the necessi-centrated. before Briey and Chateau der the commercial flag and does Commander in Chist...

diers had already been demobilised for a League of Nations and set Saline. They were provided with not include munitionis A number of British delegates to and steps were being taken to intlament of all national or racial three thousand guns of all calibres the Peace Conference, headed by Sir crease speed zonsonant with vital Pri-bac

and three hundred tanks on a front: Eyre Crowe, have arrived.

tish interests in the world and safete Signor Orlando and Baron Sonof the troops in Germany. Instruc President Wilson said "Let me

Responding to the greeting of seventy kilometres. Against bese nina have arrived from Italy.

THE FOOD PROBLEM could opposé ant tions had been issued to ensure London, January 10. sympathetic hearing of the soldiers thank soa, gentlemen, very warmly 100,000 men with a thousand guas.

London, January 10 Mr. Lloyd George and Mr. Bonar legitimate complaints but the work for this stirring address, because it The majority of these divisions being

of inferior quality the offensive ociated Governments have establi An official message say the 25- Law, accompanied by the Prime of demobilisation would not be 500s straight to my heart na' well as Ministers of Choads, Australis, quickened by the men

to my understanding. It I had known would have caused the invasion of shed a supreme council to deal with. South Africa and Newfoundland take the law into their own hand, that this important delegation was that part of Lorraine adjoining the questions of revictualling the

trying to and the Maharajah of Bikaner, leave Public opinion had been tolerant of coming to ste me I would have tried Rhenish Prussia and would ultimate¬berated and enemy territory' and

to say something worthy of the occay have cut off the haves of the Ger ioo. As it is I can as my purpose the Ardennes. Knowledge of those Reading and Sir John Beale repre- man armies fighting in Belgium ant to co-ordinate food supplies for Al- lied and neutral countries Lord facts bonvinced the German High Command that "An armistice lane sent the British Government tom- would averi catastrophe.

porarily.

For Paris on the morning of the 11th, for preliminary enaveriations with the heads of the Allied and associa ter States.

the recent demonstrations but real harm was being done to the national cause and the army's reputation, therefore discipline must be main

tained.

is certainly expressed in that paper and I believe that the purpose of those associated at Paris is a com

they are big with dificulty. Under

on purpose. Justice and right are! big things and in these circumstances

Genoa, Jan. 5.

the GermanA

HOME POLITICS.

REPATRIATING ENEMY SUBJECTS.

London, January 0.

agre

WOMEN IN PARLIAMENT.

F

In the House of Commons, on

London. January 10. General Smuts has published a pamphlet outlining his suggested by Army Service Corps men, mostly There was another demonstration programme for the Peace Conference ex-infantrymen, tollay, four thou as regards the League of Nations, of and marching in orderly fashion stand I am not foolish enough to which the following are some of the from Park Boral to Downing Street appose that our decisions will be chief paints: If the future peace of where they demanded to see the easy to arrive at, but the principles the world is to be maintained it Premier. They were told to go opon which they are to be arrived at

London, Jan. 9. It is officially reported that during. will be necessary to devise an instru the Horse Guards Parade and their the conviction that it we do not rise Minister offered posts in the newly enemies

ought to be indisputable and I have It is reliably stated that the Prime December $30 interned, alien ment of government which will dea grievances wers there submitted to to the expectations of the world and completed Ministry to-night but an

were repatriated with osuses and sources of disputes. Sir William Robertson. Some of the satialy the souls of great peoples like official announcement regarding The military authorities have now these being either."-in- valids OF those over If the League of Nations is to art men ubsequently stated that Sit the people of Italy we shall have ceptances will not be made earlier decided that it is no longer neces it must become part and parcel of William Bobertson promised "inter the more unenviable distinction in than before the common international life of alia" that no man over the age of history.

to-morrow evening. What is happening ros Changes in personnel will be few but fore deportations began on the st

sary to retain enemy civilians, thero- States and it must be an ever visible forty-one would be detailed for any that the soul of the people is changes of office more numerons. Itist when 73 sailed for Germany. living and working organ of the po-draft oversea licy of civilisation. Europe is being

crying"to the soul of another and is authoritatively forecasted that Mr. The whole question of demobiliza- liquidated and the League of Nation continues to be much discussed. sentiments I am acquainted are satis out portfolio in order to devote him no people in the world with whose Bonar Lar will be a Minister with tions must be heir to this great The crities maintain that the auth-fied with a bargaining settlement. self to the leadership of the House. estate. In discussing a problemi borities should have tackled it long They want a settlement based apon Mr. Charcbill will go to the War the constitution of the League we ago and obviated

a situation right. must be careful not to set too much which they are faced by a thousand

Office, Lord Milner to the Colonial) ADMIRAL MEUX IN store on past precedents. We want genuine grievances. It is pointed President Wilson arrived at eight First Lord of the Admiralty and Sir Qffice, Mr. Walter Long will become

HUMOROUS VEIN, an instrument of government which, out in defence of the authorities that in the morning and was welcomed Erie Geddes will devete himself to however much talk is put into it at the problem is one of the most dest the station by the Mayor, Alder.transport and demobilisation. Mr. the second reading of the Parlia one end, will grind out decisions at ficate and most complicated that the men, Seastors, Deputies and th the other end The League will never Government has to face and it was cers. A large crowd anthusiastically Clynes will be Pensions Minister and

Short will be Home Secretary, Mr.mentary (Qualification of Women) Bill, Admiral of the Flest Sir H. be a great success until there is precipitated by the soddenness of cheered the President en route to the Mr. Barces's name is mentioned Meur (formerly in commard of formed as its main support a powerlal the armistice. Tee various depart Piazza Corvetto where he laid a international public opinion. Waterments concerned, including the War wreath before the statue of Maszini.

Irish Secretary.

the China Squadion in Hongkong) At the request of the Premier an inquired whether Lord R. Cecil tight. sempartments and partition Office, are now speeding up to their president Wilson subsequently visit members of the Government have had taken thought as to the need walls between nations and contin- utmost in the matter and it is hoped the house where Columbus was resigned. The following Labourites of increasing the seating ents have been knocked through aud there will be no further serious

the House the new situation calls for world trouble.

born sad attended a reception at who were members of the late Go-accommodation in

verament, says the "Daily Mail" before the next. General have agreed to accept posts with Election, when in all probability new administration, Masarea number of women' would be Roberts, Wardle, Walsh and Parker elected. On the rare occasions The last three will probably be given when the Prime Minister came Under Secretaryships, while to the House it was quite impose- David Beatty has expressed willingible for all hon. members to find ness to become First Sea Lord and seats, and he had seen them London, Jan. 9.

Mr. Asquith has defuitely refused sitting so closely together on the The only theatres apart from Rus Peerage, intending to remain lead Front Bead that they had their sia where active operations are stiller of the Liberal Party.

arms around one another's waista. going on are the Caucasng “and

(Laughter.) Perhaps the noble Transcarpis, The British have no

lord would explain what class occupied the three-bridgeheads

he wanted in across the Bhing. As regards! repatriation of prisoners the figures,

eth

January ware 69.000 134,000

government If the League refuses The Premier's plain statement on to function some other machinery the progress of demobilisation and will have to be created to deal with the sympathetic hearing given to the new problems which transcend all soldiers by Sir William Robertson national limits.

GERMAN OUTRAGES.

London, January 9. Since its appointment two months ago the British Committee of Ea: quiry, of which Sir John Macdonali is Chaieman, into breaches of laws in the war has done a great deal of] work through sub-committees ap pointed to deal therewith ander Tarious beads. Thus the sub-com

have had an excellent effect on the soldiers, who appear to be reassure-1. There were no demonstrations on the 9th the day being marked by a 204- stant How of men taking advantage of the offers to speed up their re loase.

U' KASKPBURDING.

London, Jan. 5. The newspaper "Observer" in mittee on law has already submit article on shipbuilding in war tine ted an interim report on the juris diction of a tribunal to be establishmentions that the total output of the United Kingdom in 1918 of both ed, and kindred matters. It has also paval and mercantile ships was 1715 submitted a special report convey vessels of: 2,376,ets, tons. On the ing the unsaimous conclusion that Clyde alode 481 warships of a ton it was desirable to take proceedings age of 77,347 had been constructed gainst the ex-Kaiser. Justice Peter- including the battlecruiser dod, sea and the well-known criminal ber the greatest of all our mystery ships rister Mr. C. F. Gill were also con

She and the Rodney would have sulted in connection therewith.

been the great surprise packets of The work of the second committee the war, exceeding anything afloat Was very heary as it had to deal in speed and gunpower. Only the with the illtreatment of prisoners, Hood however will be completed and their employment behind the enemy all that existed of the Rodney will firing line, employment of illegal be scrapped. methods of warfare, abuse of the Red Cross Bagy bombardment of hospitals and the executions Nurse Cavell sad Captain Fryati. One hundred thousand cases of Illtreatment of prisoners have al ready been investigated and at least 150,000 more remain.

the Town Hall,

to

officers,

THE WAR THEATRES.

men

the

NEW BRITISH INDUSTRIES.

of

We want to

완료

the House He certainly did not want the noblest class, the London, January 9, woman who was producing and 4,900 Mr. Keliaway, Parliamentary children. It was just as civilians. The situation in the Secretary of the Ministry of speak plainly. Balkans contienes difficult owing to Munitions, interviewed by the food shortage. Supplies have a newspaper "Observer," said the in this country. The ambition many children so we could get ready been sent under armed guard was bad led to the establishment of

every nice · 'woman? 'was to Vienoa. The Turkish garrison in of new industries in the United that she should produce s Arabia has laid down its arms with the Kingdora end had immensely streng-beautiful child, and these. exception of Medina, where Fakhri thened dozens of others. For example women couldnot, and would not, Pashe is still holding out. The in 1914 only one firm in the United come into the House, He had Turkish Government has been in Kingdom was producing magneto been reminded by a correspondent formed that unfeas the conditions of and their output in 1913/4 was 1,114 at Bath that Lord Palmerston the armistice in this particular in magnetos of simple tipe noid if they brought women into stance are complied with the Dar- fourteen firms were producing the House there was no earthly danelles forts will be destroyed, 537 magnetos yearly. The quality reason why they should not allow Begarding the situation in Russia of the present British magneto them to be Ministers: Supposing it is again authoritatively emphasis the highest in the world. It was they had a female Prime Minister, ed, from the viewpoint of the Gen-lighter and more reliable than either and she was in a state that every feral Staff, that the present, position the pre-war German magneto or the woman ought to be, who loved is solely with a view to ending the latest examples of German magne her husband. What was going war with Germany and ensuring ton. Before the war three firms into happen then? If there were complete immunity from German the United Kingdom were making to be wornen in the House he hop military aggression in future. sparking plage. The total output to ed to see the real nice ones 914 was not more than 5,000. To (laughter), women round whom day five firms were producing plugs they would see members swarm- and the output for the year ending

jing 'ke boes. (Renewed laugh- 31st October was 2,145,727 The ter.) Lot them remember the A telegram from Stockholm sums up the situation in the Baltic 'provinces as alarming and tragical. The Bolshevik

British plug to-day was the best in charming heroines Hogsbad, lágmy is advanding rapidly and the resistance is insignificant.

A third sub-committee dealt with Sir J. Maclay, Minister of Shipping,

the world We were making for Imogene, and Portia He bavik, revolt, preqmpanied by- plundering and incen- offences at sea and in the air, in-interviewed, said the termination of

ourselves, and even exporting very should London, January 6

love to see Portis. ken put to Riga, Beveral Finnish volunteer. aluding the destruction of therchant hostilities had eased enormously the

many more things which we used to there talking to the The report is confirmed that Gen import before the war. During the missioner of Works, supposing Firat Com been, dermatched Esthonia but, the Ze.. men, firing op ships' crews after de shipping position. Tonnage avail eral Mackensen, who was staying at war we had regained control of many he had refused to give her pro army has been much educed by désertions to the struction of their vessels and ankle for bringing imports to the Count Karolyi's chateau in Hongary, invaluable sources of raw material

equipment and discipline are reported

United Kingdom would be increas has been sent to Salonica for intern which we had allowed to slip into The House of Lords had reason- per accommodation. (Tanghter). in Sweden have volunteered to fighting of hospital ships, nu a

A fourth sub-committee examined ed by the equivalent of ten million ment. A high French officer called the hands of Germany and we shall able and leisurely hours, and he the indiscriminate Bombardment of tons of goods yearly sad it would at the chatead and informed Mac retain that control British indus believed they usually went home towns and the wilful and reckless shortly be possible to release sub kansen that the Entente's command try was awake now as never before to dinner. He A Ro destruction of hospitals.“

stantial tonnago from requisition had decided to remove him to Sal and was rapidly occupying fresh ter All the committees have still a large thereby creating a free market is omtes. Thereupon Kackensen was ritory. mass of evidence to examine before tonnage and freight. The great need, overwhelmed but said be nust yield issuing their final reports dealing of the moment was soal exports on to force. The Paris paper: "Le with the charges to be preferred which the whole of our shipping sad” Journal” states that after the armis sad the degree of responsibility at financial positions depends. He hop tice with: Bulgaria Mackemen did· his taching "prisk fazla baba in

ed that with the release of miners utmost to secure the Imperial Allies from the ships which weIS DOW

and held vanquished Rou

London, Jan. 6. legram from Copenhagen states that the Bolshevik forced fuptated Riga Street fighting is progressing. Four hundred farives from Rigs have arrived in Copen bagen aboard a British aaxiliary cruiser.

the

Н

Bistalina, Karólíans and Finns have joined verst,

iNorth Russia to fight the Bolshevista. from Peria to Orenburg, five hundred miles rompessfully defended almost exclusively by Siberian troops against 112,000, Bolaberiks. In Batonens sad on the Don there are 150,000 Russians the late Geners Alexeieff, to whom the Allies

ing Arma

THE ARMISTICE RENEWAL.

Londo

¿épak Vice Admáral - Beo

he meeting for the rene

Although the final contio

FREIGHT OUTLOOK.

MACKENSEN INTERNED.

London, Jaa. 5. ̈

not therefore be reached for spine compelled to go: in balast. would mar

AN INDIAN DEMAND.

Delhi, January 9.5

in fron booda.” He was sup..

The Nation - Compre

stice dan

women

sit thereLang had not a very g people who sud voted the other and clade with a litt

Who

of impo

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