1918-04-20 — Page 9

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AMERICA AND THE WAR.

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, SATURDAY APRIL 20, 1918.

Military.

resources for the matuel advans-

The con-

neutral countries,

to September 30, 1917.'

Food.

."

Sharp German Attack.

would be if the main feature c the German nary were forty anb marines which were only ald iron ! We shall not swer one hair's breadth from the development of our nary as wo

All Nations'- Resources Pooled [atilisation of Amerions. DaVE]

Finance.

of the British government was SHORT-SIGHTED TIRPITZ, dest How indignant Although originally conceived forose in conjunction with those (1)Full detailed confer made. The report embodying with the idea of smoothing out of nations engaged in the war ences with the financial repre- the results of these investigations these difficulties, the soheme took against the Central Powers. sentatives of Great Britain, contains a full statement of the on a larger scope. Before the war "(4).—Agreement with the France, Italy, Japan, Greece, methods in rogue in England for Details of the Agreement

conferenos was held the scope of British Admiralty making it Boumania and Russia, for the supplying the army and Davy with the Allies.

the proposed agreement was | possible for American naval purpose of ascertaining the with munitions and other ma- broadened to include military co- officers to keep fully informed of extent of the financial effort terisis, and also statistics relating We have often remarked in bave made and are planning it. From the New Fork, Herald) operation through the creation of the operations and policy of the necessary on the part of the to the mutual cooperation these columns, says the Man This speech of the Secretary of

The United States has entered supreme war CourQÜ,

British Admiralty, so that perfect United States in order properly; necessary to be effected for the chester Guardian, that if the State made a tremendous ime The into an agreement with the Allies

naval problem in co-operation between the Navy to co-operate with these govern proper supplying of the armed much väunted Admiral von Tirpits pression at the time. We who to send to Europe sa quickly as European waters is to be con- Department and that body is ments in making fiosocial forces of the countries waging bad-known his business he would championed the building of eab- possible all the soldiers it iidered a single problem in assured.

arrangements for the prosecution war on the Central Powers. hare made Germany baild marines as one of our main bamanly possible to read, to cff-attacking bich the combined

**(5). Beorganisation of of the war against the Central "(2) A_60:vey was made of submarines in the years before weapons-we followed Vice Ad set the defection of Russia instead forces of the United States and American caval forces st French Powers,

the system in practice in Great the war inttend of slaviebly fol-miral Galster, and the quarrel of of waiting until every man has the Eatente Powers will be used ports.

"(2).-Conferences with the Britsin relating to the letting of lowing the British Admiralty and the day was waged round his bad a year's training-

under centralised directions... As "(6).-The securing of a fall representatives of the above government contracts and the building Dreadnoughts. In the book "What armament doen Gar In retorn, the Allies hava part of the scheme of operation and detailed picture of the naval mentioned countries for the organisation of industries through- Berliner Tageblatt there is a re many require st fès ?"—were in sgreed to equip every American the agreement eslls for the more problem in European waters, purpose of perfecting organieation out Great Britain,

markable attack on Tirpi's, which a hopeless minority. These proad soldier sent to them in 1918, to active atilieation of American

of an inter-allied council which is *(3.) Attendance at the Inter-is based on precisely this reason, words had their effect, and they supply all asoessary gase and Daval forces in conjunction with

-"(1).--After conférences ex-

a priority board whose duty it Allied Conference in Paris and in that he persistently discouraged bad effect for years sad impeded manitions that Amerios capcot those of the nations engaged in tanding over approximately thirty should be to consider the relative particular at the meetings of the the development of the submar progress. To-day we all recognise supply, and to provide the neces the war against the Central.

days with the chiefs of staff, pancial demands to be made by allied nations having to do with

importance and urgency of the representatives of the several ine. The German paper says the mistake; the over-estimation saxy vessels in which to carry the Powers.

members of the general ete ff and the concerted effort of the maritions questions.

What all navy men and friends of the battle feet and themi jadge men supplies,

The agreement also extends to en and United States had the supervision of relatione commander-in-chief of the allied countries waging war against the (1.) Fall conferences with clearly on technical matters warfare. This struggle of the of the navy capable of thinking ment of the importanos of minor armies in the western front, 88 Central Powere entered into such an engagement between the belligerent and

well as with the highest civil

representatives of the United thought in 1905 of Von Tirpitz'e nations has revealed the opposite. with the Allies as the recent ir-neutral countries. The questions cfficials of the respective govern for the proper financing of por France and representatives of now in wartime, but the public all seas against war and merchant "(3) Arrangements begun States Ordnance Department in building policy cannot be told It has been proved every year on ter-Allied war conference in Farising of rationing neutral countries mente, the extent of the military base br the scantries at war British and French munitions must be told what Von Tirpitz vessels. was revealed recently when the will be taken up jointly through effort to be aimed at by the with Germany of supplies from departments stationed Secretary of State, Mr. Lansing, the international commission on United States WAS clearly

there, thought and said of the sab And the old iron? In 1909- made public the report of the contingents sitting in Paris and determined.

resulting in the embodying of marines when he was in office, two boats were in commission. American members of that can on the inter-silied commission of

(2)- With this determination

"(4)-Participation in the conclusions in memoranda sab Let him speak for himself. On On April 18ib, 1908, the celebrat ference, Colonel E. H. House and Berne, Swizerland. Heagores

financial discussions of the inter-mitted to the War Department, in mind negotiations were carried

May 11th, 1904, Herr Van Tripis U9. Weddigen' bost, was lean- Major General Bliss,

for faancing purchases of

to allied conference.

esid in the Reichstag:-

ched. On September 22nd, 1914," There is to be co-ordinated supplies from neatral countries on locking to the proling of

Shipping.

(1) A comprehensive and "The Admiralty's main task in our oldest boat sank three Eng- fighting on land and sea, and will be similarly considered.

(1)-Fall and detailed reporta

accurate estimate was obtained the last few years has been to carrylish cruisers! If we had only America's vast programme of

The agreement reached by the age of all of the countries engaged shipbuilding and the production representatives of the belligerent The contribution of the United tonnege dae to war risks and the sllied nations end of the had to concentrate their strength have bad far more than 40 if in the war against Germany. were secured showing total loss of of the food in the possession of through the Navy Law, and they bed 40 such boats! And wo would of military supplies is to be powers is rot merely temporary States to this pooling arrangement marine riska from August 1, 1914, amounts that must be supplied on this difficult task. That the Tirpitz bad only willed it. Bat speeded up to the limit.

in character. The co-operation was agreed upon.

by North America during the submarines will make much differ he would not; he told us that we The conference bardis had ad- will be maintained continuocely tribations like mice journed when America began the through central bodies directing countries asscoiated with the new toonsge by the Allies during of a satisfactory stars, and what is the most important thing not know all that we were doing. of the (2).The estimated cutpat of year ending October 1, 1818. ence to the general naval situation, were doing all that Vice Admiral Cabled information had not been and in particular to the question Gslater warted, while Gsister did speeding up process, which each branch of activity.

United States were determined, the year 1918 was sɛcertained, accounts for the organisation of One Council to be Supreme, This pooling arrangement gear-

(3). The proper employment personal contact with the statistic-to make s fet powerful at eos, I Bat in spite of the smooth the new war ccancil of generals There will be, for example, an sateed that fall equipment of of existing tornage, so that the el boards and food administrations do not believe. I think that even if assuranen there was no farther st Washington, the decision of inter-allied naval council to co- every kind would be available to maximum atilieation of each ton of the countries concerned was the experiments with submarines boilding. In 1910 only four the government to operate the ordinste the operation of all naval all American railroads and the burry to finish forces. The supreme war council Europe during the year 1918

troops sent. to nage could be effected, was pro- necessary in crder that the prove successful they can only be submarines were built. In the vided for in a resolution adopted cry data could be made used for certain local and second- Badget Commission in February, ships..

will direct military operations. "(3)-Usqualified support to by the inter-silied conference, available.

sry purposes. But they will never 1910, Admiral von Tirpitz pro- Other indications of the nex. T. Crosby; Aesierans Secretary the resolation adopted by the The Alliee, considering that

(2). The carve of shipments produce a great transformation mised us that we should have pressure applied since the House of the Treasury, was made chair inter-allied conferences looking the means of maritime transport America for the United Kingdom, are overcome, sad especially the sutama of 1910.

of foodstuffe required from North unlera great tochnical difficulties (14 faultless submarines in the mission returned are manifest man of the financial council to the creation of an allied at their disposal, as well as the France and Itely was fixed for the question of seeing ander water is delighted, and I congratulated We were about the Navy and War Depart which now is st work,

advisory board charged with the provisions which they dispose of, ments, but most of the things. The general effect of the egree daty of advising the shipping should be utilized in common for year ending 1918. It is believed solved to a mach grester extent my colleague. Dr. Lothart, on being done cannot be discussed ment reached at the conference is authorities of each nation con- the Lorauit of the war, bare at the programme worked out than has so far been done." the success. We were led to publicly for military reasons. indicated in the following state cerning the allocation of tonnage decided to create an inter-allied in the conference with the e versl After his statement moat believe that the Secretary of State The summary of the military ment made by the Secretary of a se to permit the American organisation for the purpose of inter-allied executives dealing people became blind to the pas had changed bis mind. But conterences attended by General State, Mr. Lansing

military effort to be realised. coordinating their action to this with applies of focdetaffe will aibilities of the submarine. Even unfortacately we were doomed to Bliss ehows that an agreement to "A review of the report filed (4)-Fall survey made of tffect and of establubing a com- Srant greater facilities for the Nsalicus" had semi-officially to bitter disapointment. I now pool resources for the mutual with the Department of State by problem of debortation in Eatepe mon programme: constantly kept dietribution of foodstuffs at a circulate the view that "we are know that our eighth submarine adrantages of all ". into. There follows this signifi- special war mission which visited transportation of such forces and maximum utilisation of their (3). In order to permit the And yet since the end of the was not launched till June 18th, wis entered Colonel case, the head of the of American military forces and up to date, enabling them by the lower cost in terms of tonnage convinced that the submarine ie was commissioned on September

and transportation,

doomed to remain blind forever." 21st, 1910, and that the ninth cant statements ́

Great Britain and France in No supplies to the bases of military resources to restrict their importa United States to visualize the nineties the sabastine, had been 1911. And the fourteenth did "The contribution of the vember, shows, that it succeeded operations. United States to this pooling in ite parroes of reaching a

tions with a view of liberating problem of food control in North able to see with its periscope not arrive till April 25th, 1912, “(5).—Arrangements made of the greatest amount of tonnage arrangement wae #greed upon. deficite working plan for the fallest co-operation between the possible for the transportation of America plana were worked out for some miles. Bat this "secret" Herr von Tirpitz was and con- The contributions likewise of the prosecution of the war through United States, Great Britain and American troops."

whereby the government's of bad apparently not yet reached continued to be the sdemy of the countries scacciated with the co-operation of the governments France in the prodaction of

(4)-The whole question of Great Britain, Frarca and Italy the ears of the Admiralty. Bat sabmarine right down into the United States were determined represented at the conferences military instruments and supplies the employment of neutral greed to put into effects legalie- experiments were allowed, which war. He said this himself to the Thie pooling arrangement guar- held at Paris in the various fields of all kinds,

tonnage in line with the propcealsed and compulsory control of was a step forward. On February American Von Ward. On anteed that fall equipment of of activity and thṛcugh marshall. every kind would be available to ing the resources of the nations proper organisation under naval respect to this topdage

23rd, 1900, Eagen Richter called December 21st, 1911 read in "(6)-Plane made for the made by neatral countries with foodstuff in these countries.

"(4). The areation by the the attention of the Secretary of the interview, wu er had taken’ all American troops sent to at war with the Central Powers and military control of porte of exhaustively discussed and plane, inter allied conference in Paris of State for the first time in the place a month earlier the fallow Europe daring the year 1918."

The part the United States is under a common authority, thus charge of cargoes looking to the of tonnage negotiations with acneist of two representatives a fist seineal. On February 15th, are a new and important weapon and coordinating their ases debarkation of troops and dis looking to the favourable result an international scientific com- Reichstag to the importance of ing words of the Loretary of alimentation to building submarines, but received Siste "That the submarines to play in the general scheme of avoiding the waste and uncertain- most economical utilisation of neutral countries, were subatan-each of the United Stater, Great 1905, Von Tirpits thought that in naval warfare is not to be co-operation is reflected in the ties that arise from independent tonnage.

tially agreed upon. three recommendatione made by action.

"(7)-Participation in military

(5). A NUITY WAR completed Britain, France and Italy. This it bad to far not been convenient denied. We previously thought the American mission of which The results of the conferences deliberations of enprene war of the ports of debarkation of committee to be in continuous to experiment to any extent with that they could not remain longer Colonel E. M. Ecose, the friend as shown in the report are most council as a step toward eficien: American troops and supplies, session in Earape for the purpose submarinee. He said that the than three days from their bases, and adviser of the President, was gratifying to this government, and centralised unity of control and plans were made, looking to of studying the alimentation of problem of currying through the as the men would be exhausted.”

first because they indicate that of military operations,

the more expeditions discharge of stand in an advisory capacity to finance and personnel. The himself altered the sharpest the Allies. This committee to Navy Law was difficult as regards That the United States exert the conferences were inspired by

With these morda Von Tirpits troope and cargoes, 50, 88 to all their it fluence to score the the desire to be mutually helpful,

permit the retorn of vessels to the food administrations of the submetines would have oo- criticism of his own eubmarine entire unity of effort, military, and second bicapes the agree "(1)-Fall and frank discus- their home ports with the least aforenamed countries.

cupied a great many valuable policy, sharper than any of his naval and economic, between ments which reached, when in sion between Colonel House as possible delay.

"(5)-Dr. Taylor, the repre- cfficers who were much better critics could do. For be openly themselves and the contries fall operation, will

greatly special

representative of the

sentative of the Food Admin-fetoployed on the torpedo boatsid, and as his interviewer re- associated with them in the increase the effectiveness of the government of the United States

"(1) Full and detailed confer-tration on the mission, No time or men could be found marked "with a frankuem pe fforts now being put forth by the and the heads of the Britieb, ences were held with the Britisb, represented the United States for the new stm. Our first sub vicualy unknown,” that even after "Inesmuch as the "successful United States and the Allies in French and Italian governmente French and Italian representatives Department of Agriculture in a marine was finally launched on the war began he had no suspicion termination of the war by the the corfl et against Germany and with regard to the war policy of upon blockade matters, and a conference held United States and the Allies can Austria-Hungary

in Perie to December 14th, 1906, built by of the possibilities of the sab the United States and her complete understanding W88

consider the problems of food the Kropp Germania yarde. It is marine, and that he had never be greatly hastened by the exten

associates in the war.

obtained of the principles under production in the allied countries still in use. Our second was ready allowed it to be sufficiently tested sion of the United States shipping: "A summary of the results "(2)-Participation by the which these countries were daring the year 1918. At this on July 18th, 1908; two whole during his long years of office? programme, that the government accomplished at their conferences membera of the mission in 8 proceeding.

conference an inter-allied boats in two years!

Without establishing its capabi and the people of the United States and the recommendations made meeting of the British War "(2) A mass cf information agricultural commilles WAR On December 13th, 1907, Ad-lities"in pezca time, it was im bend every effort toward scoom by the American mission will Cabinet, at which conferences was obtained with reference to established to consist of one miral von Tirpits asid in the possible either to have a proper plicking this result by a system indicate the value of the work general and useful discussion was rationing requirements of Swit delegate eroh from the United Budget Committed pa plan of campaign in war or to stic coordination of resources of done and the practical methods had concerning the needs of the zerland, Norway, Sweder. Den States, Great Britain, France and The Admiral has been fre know the exisnt of its use. men and materiale. "-

which were considered at the Allies and the extent of the mark and Holland.

Italy, to sit continuously in quently attacked in the press for Equally remarkable were the "That the fighting forces of the conferences and which *are sagistance to be expected from the (3) An agreement between Europe and to act in an advisory delaying too long with the haild other words of Von Tirpitz: United States be despatched to recommended in the report."""

United States.

the War Trade and the Swiss capacity to the governmente ing of submarines. We have never "We must, however, not forget Europe with the least possible de The "

(3)-Participation by the Society Surveillance was agreed med." summary of results)

given a refusal to the request to that the submszines operate best lay incident to training and socomplished" ie divided noder United States in an inter allied to and executed by the Swiss

build abmarines, but only and tfcoast and in shallow waters, and equipment,"

diplomatic, paval, military, fit-war conference, held in Paris on delegates and Mr. McCormick,

with justice taken op a waiting that for this reason the English It is understood that the last ance, shipping, war industries November 20. At this confer the chairman of the War Trade

Trouble on R. V. F. Ships.

attitude. The submasrine has Channel is particularly enitable recommendation was made ass and food. It makes about two ence all preliminary speeches Board. result of the understanding thon and worda.

were dispensed with, and within -"(4)

Trouble, ssid to have originated now been developed so far that for them. It was still question- reached by the American repre- The tab-headings "Naval," half an hour after the onference made for the participation of the enced among the crews of the marine will revolationise ses account of themselves in other Arrangements were in Bolebevikism, has been saper we also must make an advanceable whether the edbmarines sentatives with the munitions de- "Military," "Diplomatic end had been called to order by M. United Staten in the deliberations Russian Volunteer Fleet steamers warfare, for the Limits to its use waters. There is no real know- Bat I do not believe that the sub-could have given an equally good periments of the European Shipping" here:

Olemences it bad split into of the Permanent International Taps and Astrakhen, which are falnese are too narrow. The ledge of or confidence in the governmente relative to the fall:

Commission on Contingente, Low in Nagasaki barbour. Seven- supplying of American troops.

(4) Participation by the sitting in Paris, and on the Intern men from the former and 25 attacks in the press cannot eway submarines in these words. ozce they are in the field, Under (1).-The formation of an United States in a meeting of the Allied. Commissica of Berne, from the latter, says the Naga'ak: 48 "from our well considered We see that Von Tirpits from the pooling arrergement it will inter-allied naval council to co-Supreme War Council beld at Switserland.

Prese, bave been discharged and made in as initial too faithful to his perverted as- sititade. The question of sub 1904 till 1914 remained only te possible to send the American crdinate the operation of the naval Veresilles December 1. Repre

(5) Tentative plane subject left by rail for Tenruga en route foloca abroad without waiting forces of the United States and sentatives of England, France, to the approval of the War Trade to Viadivostok

*tages."

timation of the submarins. aniil the stream of ordnance, ber associates in the war so that Italy and the United States there Baard were made for the appoint

The Secretary of State stack to weapon. We cannot at present materisland copplies bad been, these forces may in the future be met as a first step toward geour-ment of representatives and stifs Cannot Do Without Them. this view. Nosttack in the press, say anything definite yet of the started from this side, in operated as one in the prosecutioning unity of control of the armies of the War Trade 5 Board in

According to a vernacular nor prayere nor pressure from the Secretary of State'a submarine. The report of the war mission of the war on the sea and in con- on the western front. This London and Paris.

paper" during the recent looting Reicheteg availed. On March | building policy during the war. marks the successful conclusion junction with the land forces, meeting, the first of its kind,

War Industries.

of Obstgeba by the southern 17tb, 1802, he said in the Badget It was, however, Fuch as might of the project lanzoned by the *(2)-An agreement between seures for the fature unity of

"(1) A detailed atody wes troops the soldiers seemed to have Commisions p have been expected from his United States government. The the British Admiralty and the Qpport on the part of the United made of the organisation of the mingled out the hoot store as them. The conduct of minor warfare previona atritade to this question lack of co-operation was felt Nary Department putting into States and the Allier,

British Ministry of Munitions and enccial victims sa every one of is not possible without a battle No omission bandun. the Geznam expecially by this government, effect certain plans relating to the (5) First steps taken in the the supply departments of the these stores was emptied of ite fleet. The salient point le the people more damage than that of which had no way of determining prosecation of the naval war establishment of a more perfect British Admiralty and the British contente. The paper goes on to question of approaching, and sp Vous Tirpit None bas the urgency of conflicting appeals against the cabmarines,

lizison between the commanding War Office, and a complete remark that the soldiers evidently prosohing with certainly, the more lo prolong the for assistance from the European (3) The formation of a generale of the United States and analysis of the facts and figures need footgest in their long re objective, the bulk of the enemy, cannot be set aside

definito plan for the more active the Allies,

in powession of these departments treat to the south.

the chairman.

war.

@governmente.

Great Results Achieved.

Naval

follow in

Diplomatic

committees for work.

War Trade.

way

miftee

Pineda | that we cannot do without a batila boldest