1
WHERE TWO ARMIES
MEET.
The "lacredible" British Fighting Machine.
THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, · THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 1916.
JUDGE GARY ON THE FAR EAST.
China's Need for Money,
In front of you, a mile and a half away sa you stand on the west edge of the Bɔin de Louse, top- ping the rise in front are the remains of Morval, A mile and s half farther on a little more to | the right, the ridge on the farther side of a wide ascending slope, oburned every now and then into.
Judge Gary, the American steel black clouds of smoke and debris by the bursting shells, in crowned magnate, who recenty visited Japan and China, bae published by the trees and houses of Sailly the result of his observations in Saillisel, now being amaulted by the New York Herald. The the French.
+
to
two
recognise
COMMERCIAL NEWS.
Recong Tin Dredging Co. Ltd.
The Banong (Sism) Tin Dredg. ing Company, Limited, has given notion of its intention to pay ofË the balance now outstanding on any of the company's debentures.
India's Trade.
Recent cficial statistics
Commercial Warfare.
HONGKONG SHARE REPORT.
&—SELLERS; SA--SALES; B-BUYERS; N-NOMINAL.
ני
$740
BANKS..
`BANK OF CANTON -
LAIMITED.
HEAD OFFICE HONGKONG
FOREIGN EXCHANGE and General Banking BusinessTrans«. acted.
CURRENT ACCOUNTS8 open- ed and FIXED DEPOSITS Re- ceived.
INTEREST ON FIXED
DEPOSITS:
For 3 Months 3% per annum
Banks
OFFICIAL PRICES.
BANKS.
b. MARINE INSURANCES. Cantons
$400
D.
t. 155 $966
n. ex 79 $25 -
#161
$387
SHIPPING.
&.
$123
DFor 12 Months 43% per annum
LOOK POON SHAN,
b.
$2114
$137
b.
$16
The
108/-
REFINERIES,
8.
Sugars Malabons
Urais
Centrals
$135
For 6 Months 4% per annum
Chief Manager,
NOTICE.
NOTICE.
EAK TRAMWAY JO
LIMITED
n 188 PE
MINING →
Yangtszepoos
TIME TABLE
WEEK DAYS:
Lavand is Man,
30.00 AL.
*
M
85/6 1.23
$2,75
1.00
331-
34/9
19.00 624 LO FL30 AM. Bot
Lily Jama
TAS POR
2-31 PE
15 Ma
1.00 F
I MIR
100 PM So
1 Mon
- NIGHT LARS
* M
Kiss PMI and y pimy gaga mam, Sa
ING FILL every váží hos
12:00 PM to 134S TIME
avery quarter zi si Septe TUNDAYS
10.
1ost da. Erano in Mem,
3. A. to 19.00 NOOR 21 By Maw, 18-80 Koon to 1,00 full,
LOO PIK) Do
.50M+ 10
- T.
30 Min.
5:00 PM1
"
M
I 15 x
Week Days.
7.00 13,
TİDE VI 14 6.30 1.16.
NIGHT CAXS al' on
SATURDAYS
Eats Car at va med.sight.
SPECIAL CARE
My Arrangement at the Company's Qiktų -
Das Vory Road,
"Season and peschikbets avaliable for all car co already fall, running at the time stated in the Company's Lime zeḍim, but aựt for special car, Con beoltamed of application at the Compary's Othor No Baron ticket will be issued estil pay went theme- for has been made in Bank Nous or by Cheque or Compradore order sormenting Bank 'cias"
H
BANKS
ÖNGKONG & SHANGHAI
BANKING CORPORA
TION.
Paid-up Capital........$15,00€.000 RESERVE FUNDS:"
Sterling
£1,500,000 at 2/-
-$15,000,000
Silver $18,000,000
Reserve Liability of
$33.000,008
Proprietors...***** ..$15,000,005
COURT OF DIRECTORS.
E. Antes, E
W. is Fattrnden Ex-Castan
S.. Dodwell, Eng. -Deputy & bairman
G, T. N. Kokiu 4.
£! *. Glubbay. 'Fig.
Fon, Mr. P. K, Folyesk.
J. A. Flammer, Esq.
Hoa, Mr. Köbellim,
CHIRP NAKLGER
Hongking=N, J. Ball, Esq.
MANAGER
Shanghai-G. Bephen, Esq. London Banken-London County and
Wamiawer, kimized,
Hongkong-Laterest Alloded :
On Current Acopsoils as the rate of 1 per cent
AUDIM on the daily balkoGE,
ON FIXED DEPOSITE
Por 3 months, Xi per onki, per motreta, For most per cent, per annum. For is months, 6 par cenu par dana, N. J. STABB.
Chief Mata,BY.
· HONGKONG SAVINGS B»NY
THE Business of the above Bank is conducted by the HONGIDAGA »»KANOSA BANKING *ORPORATION, Kales may be obtained on application. 1.TEREST on deposits is allowed on the min Imum monthly haiasem at Byj per cent, per aaaaa.
Depositors may transfer, at their option, balance of Bave or work in the Rongkrong, and Samm Bank to be placed og FEERD DEPOSIT » & qui CELL PO KABWE
For the Hongkong and Shanghai Tanking Corpener tion.
N J STABB,
Chief Manager.
THE CHARTERED BANK OF INDIA, AUSTRALIA AND CHINA
Incorporated by Royal Charter 1813-
HEAD OFFICE-LONDON,
Paid-up (spital...... ́.....................
Beservi Fan-RIN
---£1,800,808
Reserve Lability of Proprietor
FOREIGN EXCHANGE and Genmal Baskies
business transactad. CURRENT ACCOUNTY opened and PEREL DEPOSITE received for 1 year or shorter perioda, a1 saten which will be quoted on application.
T. C. DOWNING,
Manager Hongkong, 11th. April, 1912.
1.
$1824 t. 30
LANDS, HOTELS AND BUILDINGS.
2-20 4.M
100 ANAL
B.
$101
D.
$125
5:00 PM, to
B
$101
b.
$7,00
1.
$35
t. 91
D.
$85
COTTON MILLS.
D.
,
I
t. 165 t. 161 t. 119 t. 61
MISCELLANEOUS.
IL.
$8%
China Light & P.. Providents
81.75
THE
$9,10
22
Dairy Farms
懑。
$27
Green Islands
b.
$10,60
b.
254
11.
$ 160
(Capital Paid up...$1,250,000:).
b.
$94
$94
Loans on Morgage of Hosse Property &c. Goods mcrived on Storage.
11
$7,10
Advances made on Merchandise.
Paid Up
16
$10
Loans made as the Provident Oyuɛeta. (Races and Particulars on application).
The Office of
Reserve Fund
Д.
$8
EL
$17,00
Da
$6,90
D
$6,80 $29
Borneos
With the French Army, Oot, 8. -I visited yesterday a section of the Somme battlefield where the French and English bare ad- vanced side by side to the line
following is a summary of Mr. relating to the seaborts trade of North Chinas But these distant features at lary's interview sa given it a India (says the Indiaman) con Unions which they now bold firm and are still pushing toward. To get first you only look at every now New York dispatch to the tinue to supply evidence of the Yangtszes there we drove through part of the and then, as you pick your way dahi
The keynote of Judge Gary's the United States are increasing China Fires
rapidity with which Japan and stationary British Camp and part across the battlefeld, +kirting
FIRE INSURANCES. of the British Army (only shell-holes and jumping sores claims is that the Japanese and their hold on the market for H.K. Fires fraction of the whole) in motion. trenches the old battlefield, with American capitalists and business The sight, to people who are not
[the traces of the battle still fresh
men should work in concert for Trions imported products. Tie upon, it, all the hideous, untidy, the used to it, is a thrilling one.
expansion of the Japanese, trade, development of the Our shankeur, silent but angevoury litter of battered, mud resources of China. Dilating been frequently referred 10. For
in textiles is pronounced, and has Douglases
Steamboats observaos person, was chiefly stained rifles, discarded ammuni
on this principle, the Ameri-
Indos (Def.) strack by the marvel of it all from tion, borst and unburst shells, caz steel magnate eye the three months ended June last indos (Pref.) the point of view of its transport, shot-pierced helmets, newspaper, the United States Government the imports of hardware from Shel One must, he said, have a few letter, rage, boote, ment-tine, and makes proper efforts and gives dos pan were valued at over Ba. 11 Ferries ships over there in England; to bottles.
accouragement, American pilakhe, as compared with Rs. 8 Turning then to our right, talists will gladly co-operate with of 1914, when peace conditions bring over this mase of men and
lakha in the corresponding period material. The French officers who through the Bois de Leaze, so the Japanese in their investments obtained. In the same period spoke about it took a wider view, not to attract unnecessarily the in Chins. If Americans desire It is incredible, they kept on say- |attention of the enemy
We the permanent development of importe of apparel from Japan the village American commerce in the Far Re. 4 lakhs, of glass and glass Langkats ing, that you should have made came out above
ras from Rs. 14 lakhs to over Kailans thir-the whole vast fighting of Cumbles, faally surrounded Eat it will be necessary for ware from Be. 21 lakhs to nearly Raubs machine through part of whose and occupied on September American capitalist to join the Rs. 241 lakhs and of beer from nit Tronohs complicated works we were bump-24 by the combined French company of foreigners created for ing our wayin two years. "C'est and English forces. It lies in the opening up of the natural exhausts the list, but it afforde to Rs. 2 lakhs. This by no means
DOCKS, WHARVES, fantastique." And incredible and hollow, on the reverse slope of resources of Obios by investment
GODOWNS, &C. marvellous the new British Armine the ridge on the south side of of money in the country (apparent an idea of the course of trade. most certainly are, when you see which, mile and a half away only meaning the Five Poner SB doing exceedingly well in Indis. Kowloon Docks sa. American manufacturers also are H. K. Wharves sa. them in being.
the broad plateau over which the dieste.] The commercial and is-There has been great expansion in Shai Docks We passed, first of all, through French made their main advance dustrial development of Japan in the metal manufactures imported what is in iwelf an army-an north of the Somme lie the rains recent years has been very re- from the United States. Tinned army of navvies, making and of Maurepas.
markable, and in this respect she mending the road. Most of them
Like all there little villages, it simcat plays the role of Great plater, for instance, have risen were English, but as we got looks at first sight a paltry place Britain in the East. It is clear from Bs. lakh in the three H.K. Hotels Land Invest. nearer the present battlefield to have caused so much difficulty that those who wish to carry on 171 lakhs in the corresponding Koon Lands
months ended June, 1914, to Bs.
H'phreys Est. many were also French. We saw to the advance of the big enterprises in the Eset con- aled several batches of German]| Allies.. But the reason of not ignore Jaras, It should there- period of the present year. The Shai Lands prisoners, whose fist, grey, red-its strength is plainly written fore be regarded as a satisfactory retoras show that the total im- West Points banded caps naturally looked far in the remains of its build-niga of the times that many pub and sccessories, which in the
ports of motor-ears, motor-cycle less warlike than the blue and ings. The greater number of licists in Japan and America three months ended June, 1914, Kung Yiks
Ewos khaki helmets of the Allied troops, them, though badly shattered, are have begun They had the air of convicts still standing, whereas every stick the necessity of co-operation amounted in the corresponding
were valued at Rs. 291 lakhs, Shai Cottons rather than of soldiers, and for and stone in Maurepse and between the
peoples period of the current year to Ra. the most part two prevailing|Gaillemont was razed to the for the advancement of their types of faces, wondering and ground. It was just the fact of interests in the East. During my
48 lakhs. cow-like or toowling and depress its lying in a corner on the re-visit to the Orient I have had ed. Though they have secared verse slope of the ridge which many occasions on which to see a with their lives from the alarme made it sadifficult for the artillery number of Japanese and Chinese and excursions of the battlefield, to get at it. This and its aub statesmen and businessmen and
The proposed. " trade war and though the good treatment terranean shelters made of it a listen to the views entertained by after the war, now being discuss H. K. Electrics which they received in eo different blockboose which it was easy to them towards America. I havзed by the Entente Powers, is H. K. Ice Co., from what they expected, they defend and necessarily costly for been very well satisfied to learn thus commented upon by a com- Ropes are men who have abandoned the infantry to take, until, by the that both the Japanese and mercial writer in the New York Steel Foundries b. hope dangerous men, I should French advance on the east and Chinese think the maintenance of Times under the caption "Sag- Trams, Low Level a Imagine, for the militarist powers the English on the west, the com-friendly relations with Americs Restions not Workable"-Now Trams, Peak, old b. of Germany when the war is over.ed forces were enabled to assault the best international policy.
it is the London Chamber of Trams, Peak, new b.
Laundries A company in khaki is just now it from the north.
Commerce which has "In Chins many public men
U. Waterboats marebing past my window, boand While we were standing on the from the President downwards forward with a lot of half-
Watsona for the front. They are singing. west side of the Tranches de are firmly convinced that China's
bakad suggestions as to the Wm. Powells Yesterday the thousands and Cembles, which runs down to the maintenance of friendly relations course Great Britain should Morning Posts b. thousands of man that I saw were village from the Bois de Leoze, with Japan and Americs is indie-porene after the war. These not singing. They were too busily the French troops ahead of us pensable for the development of include a number of tariff taxes.. employed. But all of them, were carrying the advance still China because only so can then the plan suggested, articles piorcing-ered. New Zealanders, farther on. As the crow flies the assistence of these countries be from the British colonies would BENJAMIN & POTTS, lithe Highlanders, massive artil-distance form Morval to Bon-ecured. There is little doubt pay the minimum raten. Next Share and General Brokers. lery men, koen-looking infantry chavesnes, on the east of the that China will adopt measures neutrale," that is those which would coms the "friendly from London and the ahires, were Peronne-Bapaume road, is about to attain this end in young, alert, strong, well-equip four miles. It was along this Needless to say, what is most would allow the United Kingdom ped, trained to an ounce, good part of the front, which lies needed by Chins in the circum- moet favoared treatment." Im- tempered, quiet, confident, and parallel to the Tranche de Com-stances is money, and this can be posts from them would pay twice grim.
bles, that our Allies were attack supplied by American capitalistes much duty so those from Round them the whole country ing, just beyond car view, except if the Washington Government be added to the products of 2009- the colonies, A sarier would was torn and tortured by "the so far as the artillery fire was given some sort of encouragement
T/T heaviest storm of shells that the concerned. North-east of Morval or guarantee, and it is thought trice giving preferences to other Demand war had seen. Not even at they carried forward their that this will be given by the powers, and the maximum rates 30 d... Verdun," a French officer who line 1.200 metres, along the slopes Government Booner or later in of duty would be imposed on ship 60 d/s. had carved there said to me, west of the Sailly Baillisel ridge view of popular demands. The In addition, the Allies would be T/T Shanghai.......Nom.
ments from "enemy .ocuntries." 4 m/s... at have I seen anything like this" to within about the a me distance present is an excellent opportuni- expected to give preferential treat- TT Bingupore
this being the rain and destruc- of Sailly Baillisel, and along the ty for the consolidation
****** 96 105 tion of Montauban, the wreck of edge of the big Bois de St. Pierre American business interests in meat to British shipping and to Japan .......
T/T India the Bois de Bernstey, and the Vasat, esat of Rancourt, from the Far East, and for they special taxes on enemy shipp-
*.*.*...... 168 1/2 Bois des Traces to Guillemont, which it now stretches towards achievement of this end
Demand, India...... 168 1 ing asing their harbours. As a
T/T San Francis-Į the ebattered briske of which Hill 130 to
53 34 the south of thing in better calculated than preliminary toall this would be the
co & New York) have been combed out by the Bonchavesnes.
130 36. harmonious co-operation between abrogation of all "most favoured T/T Java... The net result of the day's work American and Japanese capitanations" treaties, With regard T/T Marks .Nom.
.3.14 34 was that, by brilliant fighting, lists. From what I have gathered to this last-named proposition T/T Francs Verdun I have not seen sicce they attained each one of their from Japanese publicists, there is there is not to be said in its Demand, Paris......3.15 the German offensive, but, com objects in this direction, besides little doubt that Japan will adopt favour. The privilege is so often paring it with what I know, the taking 400 prisoners, and inflict Monroe Doctrine in the Far based and is of so little" real destraction of Guillemont is worse ing heavy losses on the enemy East sooner or later, but America value that many believe it will be even than that of Maurepas, and north of Saillisel by concentrated will have nothing to say, against eliminated from all commercial I can say nothing stronger than artillery fire. As the British troops such a proposition, se Japan will treaties after the war is over. that. For milee round nothing were at the same time progressing adhere to the Open Door principle The suggestions of the London is green, nothing is standing rapidly on their left, to the north and respect the rights and hamber are, of course, abuurd. Brown mud, shattered sticks of west of Morval, especially at interests already acquired by Their enactment world only re- trees and woodwork, and a sea of Guendecourt and Lesbeafs the foreign countries.
wait in ocmmercial warfare and shell-holes are all that you can combined success
to Great Britain's "Of course it must not be for detriment Ees. And it was over this abomi
gotten that there are people who trade. nation of desolation, this desert
are always engaged in interna- of dreariness, that our men ad-
tional mischief-making. Even Terood, with the gallant French on their right, in the fierce days that went before the final ear- rounding of Comblen. Never, I
men of a French Territorial re- giment to make good the road,
marked.-Times,
was
TOIT
Ill-Clothed Austrians.
view.
of
00.
J1
come
CORRECTED TO HOON THURSDAY NOVEMBER 16, 1910,
Princes Building.
Tel. address: Broker.
EXCHANGE.
SELLING.
2/3 14 2/3 5/16 2/3
2/3 12
2/3 9/16
BUYING.
4 m/s. I/C .......................
6 m/s. L/C
2/4 1/16 2/4 3/16 2/4 5/16
4 m/s. DIP 30 is. Sydney & 2/4 5/16 30 d/e. San Frane-1
Melbourne,
isco New York
55
4 m/s. Marks --....Nom 4 m/s. Franca ......3.26 1. 6 min. Francs ......33131⁄2 Demand, Germany.. Demand, New York. 53 % TIT Bombay man among those who are in reapon. Tsar's Sister's Marriage Dissolved. Demand, Bombay... 16814 sible positions there are some who Patrograd, Oct. 4.-The Tear T/T Calcutte .................. often make indiscreet utterances to-day confirmed the dissolution, Demand, Caloutts... 16814 Austrian prisonera captured that tend to create misunderstand-niready pronounced by the Synod, Demand, Manila 10814 should say, have men and gage by the Italians declare that, inge between Japan, Chins and of the marriage of the Grand Demand, Singapore. 96, 32 faced and delivered a greater and more destructive volume of dispite the thick snow on the the United States, It is true that Duchess Olga Alexandrovos (his On Haiphong.... 1% prom.
Beyond the village the Alps and the prevailing intense some diplomatic questions are Misjoly's sister) with Daks Peter On Saigon.... ground broadess cut into a huge cold, their officers have in vain pending between those countries, of Olden barg. The Grand Dachse tableland, a more open field of sought to obtain. warm clothes but these may be amicably settled | retains her Imperial title and is) Gold Leaf, per of.... 51.99
for them, the military authorities if approached in a friendly and permitted to remarry.
| liberal spirit,There is no doubt that it, still following the line of the declaring that at present it in the termination of the war will nea
Are.
battle, and so you walk acrosE British advance eastwards, on the impossible to furnish the
W
Taft of the Bois de Lease, up into with winter clothing. It is stated keen and aggressiva commercial which the French charged after that the Austrian factories are competition among the Powers, experience available in America but Japaness business mon will and Japan, China and Japan are - their rush down the sinpes to the anable to furnish the necessary south-west of Combles, you begin cloth: The Italian troops in the be equal to any competition that destined to to me the country beyond, where cold regions are already provided may be formed on them. As parte in the advanced trenches now are, with winter apiforms and clothes, China proposen to profit by means ftruggle that val
of the capital, manufactures, and the conclusion of pescK,
On Bangkok Sovereign
674
3 prem.
8.70 Nom
Bar Silver, per oz... -841/16
SUBSIDIARY COINS,
DISCOUNT PER : $100 :
play prominent Chinese...20 ots pieces 574% dis. she commercial Chiness.410
follow Hongkong 20 cts. pieces 1% prem.
Hongkong10
1% prem.
JOHN B. HUMPHREYS & CO.
CHINA PROVIDENT LOAN AND MORTGAGE OO.. LTD.
THE MERCANTILE BANK OJ INDIA; LIMITED.
Hand Office 15, Gracechurob
Street, London.
Authorised Capital ..............£1,500,000 Bubscribed
1,125,000
562,500
$50,000
TRUSTEE EXECUTOR OF WILLS, ATTORNEY, &an Undertaken and Executed,
SHEWAN, TOMES & Co. General Managers.
BAXXELA: The Bank of England,
The Londen Infatalnck flank, Limited. BRANCHES ——
MITSUBISHI COSHI
KWAISHA.
(MITSUBISHI CO.)
COAL DEPARTMENT.
SOLE PROPRIETORS OF
| TAKASIMA, OCHI, MUTABE, KISH- IDAKE, YOSHINOTARI, HOJO, NAMA- ZUTÁ, SAYO, KANADA, SHUNKEW, KAMIYAMADA, GIBAI-and OYUBAR
Colllaries.
Agent for ¡SAKITO GOAL.
HEAD OFFICE- MARUNOUCHI, TOKYO.
Bombay
Karsch!
Calestia
Kota Bhar
Colombo
Kuala Lump
Dalbi Galle
Madras
Penang
Hongkong
Rangoon
Howiat
hanghai
Kandy
ingapore
Port Loule (Mauriciuì.)
FONGKONG BRANCH,
Eery description of Banking and Exchange business transacted..
interest allowed on Current Accounts at a per comi per manusa on Daily Bulanom, and on Fixed Deposit GITAL which may be ancerjained on application.
C. CHAMPKIN,
Acting Manager,
INTERNATIONAL BANKING
CORPORATION.
HEAD OFFICE:
35. Wall B, New York
LONDON OPTICE: 16, Bishopsgate, EC. CAPITAL PAID UP
U.S. GOLD
BRANCH OFFICES :-NAGASAKI, RESERVE FUNDE MOJI KARATSU, WAKAMATSU, OTAKU, MURORAN. HAKODATE KOBE, OSAKA, KURE, TOKYO, YOKO. HAMA NAGOYA, TSURUGA, VLADI. VOSTOCK, HANKOW, PEKING, LON. DON, NEW YORK, SHANGHAI, HONGKONG HAIPHONG and
CANTON,
BONNAY CALCUTTA
CARTON CEBU. LOLON HANKOW
....$3,250.000 $3,628,000
.........$6.878,000
BRANCH 8 •—
HONGKONG PEKING, KOBE
SAN FRANCISCO LONDON SHANGHAI MANILA SINGAPORE MEDELLIN TIENTSIN PANAMA ΥΟΚΟΗΑΜΑ
Cable Address"'IWASAKI," Codes: Al, A.B.C. 5th Ed., West-City Bank of New York, the Bank is able to effer the
ern Union, and Bentley's.
́AGENCIES. CHINKIANG-Messrs. GEAR- ING & Co., MANILA-Messro. MACONDRAY, & Co., SINGA- PORE Messrs. BORNEO CO. |LTD, GLASGOW-Messrs. A. B. BROWN, MOFARLANE & Co. LTU
For Particulars, apply to--
K. KATO.
Manager, Hongkong. No. 2, Pedder Strest,
MARTIN'S
APIOLSSTERL
♫ Franek Hamady Corali Liveduluritian. Phoniato a Lakan din syy hats & hoc of
the r elarty # his dama zamky dame mAY DI NÁMSKšitarať Thömn urlan Linen Laamaned thret, kesinë time drag- men vala, kļĮ Clungslots and Áloma neli kāwan
MARTIN'S
THE ALEXANDRA - CAFF Cannot be Besten, if Equalled; for Bread, Cars, Confectionery
Through its close affiliation with The Nationa Services of the Branches of that institution in Caba and Fouth America, namely *--- BUENOS AYKE: HAVANA, MONTE VIDEO, RIO DE JANEIRO, SANTIAGO, DE CUBA,
EANTON, SAO PAULO,
kind of FOREIGN & LOCAL BANKING BUSINESS transacted.
CURRENT ACCOUNTS opened and FIXED
DEPOSITS received at sales to be sacertaiseed of application,
2.5. MARSHALL,
Manager.
Hongkong, 1st June, 1916,
THE
YOKOHAMA SPECIE BANK,
LIMITED.
Established 1880. Authorised Capital Yen 48,000,000 Fald-up Capital Reserve Fund
30,000,000
20,830,000
Head Office-YOKOHAMA
Beaches Amang-Hales
Agencies Bugavak
Nauchwerd
New-York
O
Ryska (Pri
Arther
San Frank Shanghai
Yokya
EISHI ONO MI
and mes's with Wings & Liquens,, Honghong, 11th Bapt. 11 16.
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