1915-10-02 — Page 8

YA

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH.

THE FIGHT FOR THE DARDANELLES

WILL LIVE FOR EVER IN WORLD HISTORY.

AN EPIC WORTHY OF HOMER.

(BY J. ELLIS BARKER IN THE UNITED EMPIRE)

will ask themselves:

EXTRAC

HONGKONG, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 2, 1915.

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it

WOMA ARIAN

As I stated in the beginning, three continents. If the Germans closely near Tsaritzin whore, be the Dardanelles against Russia Bat while my opinion of Ger- Great Britain fights for victory and Austrians should dominate fore long, a canal connecting the has very seriously damaged not man perspicacity is a good deal and for a good peace. To obtain Asiatio Turkey they would natur-two will be made. Than the river only Russia's military position less eulogistic than that, put for- victory, it is most important that ally develop the country in every Volga will be given a second but also her economic and fuan- ward by a lot of my fiends, I do Russia should obtain all the direction. To the Baghdad rail-mouth in the Black Son,

aiat position.

not overlook ana fact which ought arms and munitions and ap- way would be added numerous According to Broomball's Year The facts given in these pages to make us careful, The fact in pliances that she requires, railways connecting the centre of Book, 82,741,000 quarters of corn show that the attack made sim thie: To the average German of and she can receive these only by Asiatic Turkey with south Russia, were exported from the Black Ses ultaneously by British and French the middle and upper, glasses, the way of the Dardanelles and of with Egyptand with Persia. The in 1910 and 1911. Of this colossal troops upon the Gallipoli Penin- Fatherland is a fetish, for, which the Black Sea. For the sake of German-Turkish railwaye leading quantity no less than 27,978,000 sula was 160ssary for relieving he will do anything. I like to a good peace, it is equally india towards the Persian frontier would quarters were Bassian while the Hassia militarily, economically, think that, the normal i Briton pensable that Tarkey should be no doubt on economic grounds" remaining 4,891,000 quarters were and financially, and for enabling would rather fail in his duty to absolutely defeated and that he continued towards India. The non-Russian corn. In the two her to arm as perfectly as possible his country than violate his sense Great Britain should have an shortest land routs from Europe youre mentioned about five-sixths her immense military population of honour and decency: No, that merous troops from the United fare be of the highest importanas important, if not the controlling, to India would be dominated by of the Black Sea cora came from and to strike at Germany and is not quite what I mean, for I

Daring many months, nu

Russia. The corn and other food- Austria-Hungary with the take the view that one cannot do Kingdom and from the Dominions to secure victory. Russia has an voice, in the settlement and Germany and Austria.

Asiatic Turkey subsists by the stuffs produced for export in the greatest effect. The aim in view our country servics by an aut of the little peninsula whoh do-doubtedly suffers from a scarcity or disposal of the Turkish termost ineficient exploitation of the set of Europe naturally go to the undoubtedly compelled France which in itself is ontrary to the have been fighting for the control abundance of men, but she an specially in the rearrangement

of arma and machinery. ritories.

agricultural soil. The vast miner densely populated countries of the and the British Empire to make dictates of deosnor and honour, minstes the Dardanelles. They

*** Fear and Insanity. Her industrica ATO compara-

The Turkish Empire occupies al resourass of the country are as west. Boumania and Balgaria a great effort, even if that effort have fought with the utmost

Ido not think, for inst noe, that Nowa andoubtedly the most important yet quite undeveloped. If Ger- can send their corn and meat should be extremely costly in loses have been terrifio. Never, days ware are made not only with position in the world. It is many and Austria should continue westward by way of the Danube human lives.

British officers would set on their bravery and determination. The tively little developed.

connecting link of the to dominate Tarkey, a popalous and of the Aegean Sea, whereas It ranat not be forgotten that mon to outrage German women or in the history of the world, have men but with machines; and the the greater sacrifices been made for more highly developed the manu- three oldest and most densely and well-garstood Turkish atate Basais can only send her food ex- the opening of the Dardanelles deliberately to masacre German so amali a skrip of country. Never facturing industries of a country populated continents. It is a would arise, opened up by well ports westward via the Bosphorus will not marely lead to the streng-civilians as part of the policy of has greater heroism been shown are, the greater will be the num- bridge which connects Asia with planned strategical railways lead and the Dardanelles. How vast thening of the Allies by enabling offence. That German officers The fight for the Dardanelles will ber of firearme of every kind, of Europe, and Europe with Africa. ing from the centre of the country Russia's Black Sea corn exports Russia to re-equip her army but have done so there is unfortunate live for over in the world's history. explosives, projectiles, etc., which A powerfal army, concentrated in towards the Russian and British are may be seen from the fact that will lead at the same time to ly no doubt, and therein lies the it can prodaos. Bussia is mainly Asistio Turkey, can thresten frontiers. Large arsenale would on an average they are as large as the weakening of the German- difference. Whenos it springs I It is an epic worthy of a Homer.

Not unusturally many people is almost exclusively an agri-Bussis in the south, the British be created, and powerful and per the gigantic corn exporte from the Austrian group. The fall of do not profess to know. in England and the Dominions cultural country. In ordinary Empire in Egypt and Aden, and footly equipped Turkish armies United States and Canada com Constantinople would have a The out and dried, ready-made great moral effect upon the two theories do not appeal to me, I Was it times she exchanges her grain, con attack India by way of Persis. under German-Austrian control bined. necessary to make these enormous meat, hides, timber, oil, and other The Turkish Empire dominates would be constituted. A few de- Russian agriculture is still very central empiros. It would very cannot believe that the Germans orifices for conquering a little produce for foreign manufactured not only the Suez Canal bat the cades hence Turkey's overlorde primitive but it is rapidly im- greatly weaken their military have been brutalised by Von whole of the Red Sea and its would be able to hurl at any mo. proving. In course of time the strength and correspondingly in- Bernhardi, that they are pige bes strip of Turkish territory ? gooda.

Unfortunately, Russia ia a land narrow southern outlet near Adon. ment a million or two million per-production of her black earth crease that of the Entente Powers, cause they eat largely of pig's Would it not have been wiser had that large number of troops been locked country. Her harbours in It dominates the Persian Gulf,

fectly equipped men either at provinces will double and treble. The largo foross which are fight blood, that from lust for power sent to France and Belgium where the north are mainly on the

If we look at the geographical Egypt and north Afrios, orat south Her grain exports via her south. ing at present at the Dardanellos bae flowed last of every other and the Baltio is configuration of Asiatic Turkey, Rueris, or at Perais and north-ara rivera and the Black 83a will would be not free and could be kind, fighting is comparatively loas Baltio,

Probably if we could look deep sanguinary and their assistance is absolutely closed by Germany. we find that it forms a natural western India. At the present increase in proportion. From used with the greatest effect either

What are the er eonthera ports are on the fortress of the greatest strength. time there is only one Germany year to year the freedom of trade in the eastern or the western into the minds of the two peoples aorely needed? Dardanelles to Great Britain and Black Sea and approach to them Asia Minor is surrounded by lofty in the centre of Europe. Unless by way of the Bosphorus and theatre of war. The fall of Oon-ouse and theira-we should find the British Empire? Questions is dominated by Turkey. Russia mountain ranges which rise al-Tarkey is defeated and unless the the Dardanellen will therefore stantinople would bring about the that the German excesses and the wuch as these are asked by many, can reach the sea only by way of most shear from the sea. Towards Turkish problem is satisfactorily become more important to Russia, fall of Turkey, and it would prob- British restraint are due to the And they require a full and frank Archangel in the north-west and by Egypt, Asistio Tarkoy is protected and permanently solved at the and her imports will increase at a ably cause Roumanis and the fact that Germany since the dark way of Vladivostok in the extreme by the enormous peninsula of fature Pasca Congress, there will similarly rapid rats. From year Balkan Powera, which at present ages has had its nerves racked by reply.

Great Britain and her daughter harbour of Archangel on the White a waterless desert. Towards the another Germany in the centre of the Black Bea trade will grow the Entente. It should be the Britain has been immune from east of the gigantic empire. The Arabia, which in the main is be another great military State, to year Russia's predominance in are neatral, to join the forces of repeated invasions, whereas Great statoa fight for a twofold purpose: Sea is closed to shipping during east, towards Russian Caucasia the Old World, threatening the Ever sines the time of Peter the tarning-point of the war.

the fall horrors of war for nearly they fight for victory and for

Great, Rasdia has tried to obtain The loss of life ocassioned by a thousand years. good peace which is as important half the year by enormous masses and Pereia, Asiatic Turkey is British Empire: as victory. A bad peace or an in. of ice. Besides, only a small protected by enormous monatain If we assume that Germany and the control of Constantinople and the attack on the Gallipoli Ponin Iam notendeavouring to defend different settlement after the War arrow-gauge line, which is un- chains and deserts. The contral Austria-Hangary will be van of the narrows which connect the aula has been terrible but was ua Germany nor to palliate the would merely lead to a renewal suitable for the transport of large position of Turkey enables aquished while Turkey remains Black Sex with the Mediterranean, avoidable. Nature has made that punishment that she calls apun of the contest. It might lead to a quantities of goods, onnects that strong power occupying or do anoonquered, the two defeated Careful study of Russian history peninsula a fortress of the grast herself when I say that her run

port with the centre of the Em-minationg it to strike rapidly and States would undoubtedly think reveals the fact that their grastest strength, another Gibraltar, ning amok among the "nation" greater war than the present one. pire. The port of Vladivostok in with terrible effect either at Rus of a war of revenge and Turkey eat stataimen have siziven to so which has been improved to the and her particularly bass diethode In a war conducted by several Eastern Asia, close to Korea, lies sis in the South, or at Egypt in would be their natural sily. The quire Constantinople, animated almost by the art of the soldier of doing to are probably due to a allied Powers, the ficat condition for obtaining victory lies in abso-far away from the battle-fields of the west, or at Persia and India two monarchies would probably not so much by ambition as by and of the engineer. The greater nervous divesas that had its origin late unity of purpose. Victory materials to Russia by way of East

Transport of war in the east.

keep the peace for two or three the dread that a hostile Turkey the cost is, the greater will be the in the shock of war,Germany connot be achieved if France Asia is extremely cumbrous. Much India is that vis Vienas, Constan- would strive to strengthen Tarkey sea. The fear of Russia's most aghi of the British Imperial and anois State. She believed—or he-

The shortest way from Berlin to decades, but mean-while they might block Bussit's access to the glory to fatare generations. The os herowa showing, is a pa parages only French interests, time is wasted, and the Sibarian tinople, and Baghdad. Germany to the utmost for a war of ravenge. far-seeing statesmen has at last of the French troops, the conquest heads made her bady believe Buzzia Russian inter railway, which conasota European and Austria desire to subject Ser. They would begin by developing come true. Russia, is far mor

more of positions which the highest: that other nations were meditatin and the British Empire British interests. The Allies Russia with the Far East, is vin to themselves because the rail Tarkey a natural resources closely blockaded than Germany. military authorities of Germany her osesseinstion, and just as in probably over-crowded with troop ways running from Berlin and and by building purely Vast stores of Bussian grain declared to be impregnable, and dividual paranoics at Isat becom must work hand in hand for a trains and other military trou- Vienna towards Contsutinople go strategical railways ostensibly for which are required by the Eag the glory of having struck the murderera so Germany has turned common purpose. All would be lost if each nation should follow sport.

through the tangle of the Balkan the sake of Tarkey's economia delish, French, and Italian peoples most telling and the most decisive murderer of other ustions liber its own inclinations. It has been The protracted War has made mountains by the easiest and the velopment. In two or three de-are rotting in the country baosuse blow of the war will be an undy- ties and rights.

It is this strain of insanity in asserted that the attack on the an enormans demand upon the watershich is altasted in the would be doubled on more than At the same time. Basis cannot tion to all men of the Empire.

natural route, by the Morava oades Turkey's Asiatic population Tarkey has closed the Dardanelles. ing cause of pride and of inspira-

duced by fear that has made Gar Dardanellos was amateurishly soufacturing industries of valley, planned by Mr. Winston Chur-France and Great Britain. It has very centre of Servia. For de doubled, and then she could far-receive the manufactured goods, J. Ellis Barker, in the United many a monster of iniquity. chill, she Inte First Lord of the naturally made a still greater ondes Austria, noting in harmony nish almost as large an army for the weapons, and the war material Empire..

Perhaps you will think this a Admiralty. That assertion seams backward industries of Russia, to subject Servis to herself; pire as Germany or Austria froin abroad. It is intolerable

paradox, for nearly every one has demand upon the comparatively with Germany, has endeavoured an attack upon the British Em- which she needs and must receive Bargely correct. As the co-opers Bussis can raise vast quantities she has perseouted that little Hungary

been saying how bold" sa well tion of the army was required, of men, but she requires the kingdom

that a great State like Bussi FEAR, FRIGHTFULNESS, boldness and brutality are often a brutal the Germana are, Bat and Bhe has At the fature Congress of Peace should not haya free and easy so- Lord Kitchener must have given assistance of her Allies not only at last made war on her because not only the European frontiers cess to the sea, that practically

the effects of fear. Bill Sikon mail: and naval vention for providing arms and munitions she stands in Austria's way, be but the frontiers of the world will her whole sea-borne trade should

kiaked Nandy to death bycause he military and naval operations, on but for furnishing her with me canse she dominates the gateway have to be redrawn. The ques be stopped by a nation of bar

feared her He Boldr met; hin a large scale require the assent of the Cabinet. It is therefore chiaery and manufactured articles which leads to Constantinopletion of Constantinople and the barians at Germany's bidding.

death by hanging because heten beyond question that Mr.

of every kind. Numerous ships and to the lande beyond, which question of Asistio Turkey will The Russian people have, Dealing with the Allen Enemy, ed the rope. Many of the oppres Churchill Lord Kitchener and loaded with weapons and am form in truth the key to the do have to be settled and the latter through their representatives in p

sors of the poor are opt the Government jointly decided unition are presumably weiting minion of the world.

eeems to be far more important to the Dama, unanimously demand,[By the special commissioner of grasping, and gallons becaus upon the Dardanellas expedition, for the opening of the Dard-

Germany and Austria-Hungary the British Empire than the od that Russis should obtain the the Sunday Ohronicle, they fear poverty. The anelles. "It has been said that the attaɔk

The receipt of the have in the past solod as Tarkey's former. Wbile Asistio Turkey, control of the Bosphorus and the I am not one of those who be who during the last ten mirtis needed war

material · will protector because they wished to as has been shown, dominstes Dardanelles after a victorious war, lieve the Germans to be possessed have made enormous, profits out on the Gallipoli peninsula was enable Russia to strike with avail themselves of that country's three continents and threatens the that that gigantic empire should of almost superhuman powers. I of food and fuel at the expense of rably undertaken by some per- pon or persons in Great Britain vastly increased strength. Hence matchless position for subduing Suez Cans, Egypt, the Persian never again be placed into so do not credit them with nearly so the public have no better tokense. Great Britain and France were Russia and Great Britain, and Gulf and India, Constantinople humiliating a position as that much cleverness, foresight, or to offer than that they must pro- against the wish of the Allied bound to do their utmost to come for thos conquering for them- merely dominate the Black Sea, which it occupies at present. The oven cunning as a good many tect themselves, by piling up huss Powern. That assertion also can hardly be correct. If the French to Rusaia's aid.

solves the supremacy of the and the Black Sea is, after all, a Russian people demand the con- people are doing. In the early reserves of wealth now, against had opposed the attack, they would The attack upon the Dardanelles world. Those plans of world Russian lase,

trol of the Bosphorus and the days of the war: I received with contingency of commercial cal. certainly not have sent a body of was not only in the general in dominion will be shattered

If we look at the map we find Dardanelles because Turkey's serene septicism the alarming lapse that may becoming on them. troops to the east of the Mediter. terest of the Allies. It was when the country whence three that the vorthern shore of the action has gravely disturbed not stories of Germans who, taking Wealthy Germans at Large, ranean. The foot that they sent a particularly in the interests of continenta may be dominated has Black Sea in Russian, the southern only the economic position of time by the tip of his forelock, It is fear that has knit the Ger strong axpeditionary corps to the Great Britain and of the British been subdued, and is no longer Turkish, while the western shore Hussis but her financial position had laid down concrete floors man people together and made Dardanelles suffices to show that empire. At the beginning of the under Austro-German controls in the hands of Roubinis (and, as well; Rusia haja borrowed peonliarly adapted to the needs of them manifest a partriotiem that

ed by England and France,

an Russia bas only about one, hall of the interest on har foreign debt, London, Edinburgh, and any, ed invasión cannol parallel. The and that the French Government, shortest and most direct connection enormous danger bath to Bascia the Black Bed share, Messured, rightly considered, noi in gold where else where there happened French the supreme command, attached between the Mediterranean sed and to the British Empire. however, by economic importance, bat in exports, in whest, hides, to be, a factory with a concrsie remembe considerable importance to the the Pacific, between England Asistio Turkey is naturally Russia is easily and pre-eminently timber, eto. The Rumian tax-floor which is everywhere, profuse capture of the peninsale, and India on the one hand, fraithful land, three and a half the leading Blackades Porar. Pavers, on the other hand, pay do not believe that the Ger- Corman, milit. 2-

A glance at the map will show and between England and Aus times as large as the German Heavy goods are carried more their taxes spparenti air money mang have either the gift of ton-years before the war had why it is of the greatest import tralls and new Zealand on the Empire, yet it containe only cheaply by water than by lands but in reality in produbs. The gues or the weight of gold suffici into the common people bos that the Dardanellse should other band. The beat defence is 20,000,000 inhabitante.With Russia's lumber, graio, eto, are farmer selle his whest to the merent to seduce British trade union. that France and Bas be taken. Of the Afied Powers, attack. The control of that most good government Asiatic Turkey dispatched chiefly by way of her chant and pays the tax collector ist leaders from loyalty to their to attack them. A few days ago Rusia is by far the strongest in important water way is of vital would once more flourish very great verd Russia sagoulfur with the proceeds. When Ramis Chantry, and I dirmis with con- was told by a Canadian, who men. The whole of the Russian interest to Great Britain and to greatly. The territory where the 87 and live in the south, in the cannot export her prodane, when tempt the allegation Tately made been as the front Empire hit a population of the Empire as a whole. The at most nivilised and most powerful rish black earth territory, which there is glat of food in the that omistice of the Katser have that he had brok nearly 180,000,000. She has took on the Suez Canal could nations of antiquity lived might is drained by her huge rivers the country, the merchants naturally bribed the miners South of German pried more men than sy Germany, obviously be met most effectively once more become densely po Dniester, the Dnieper, the Dan do not dare to buy wheat and Wales, or some of

and Turkey combined by striking at the Dardanelles, pulsted: Before very long 50, and the Volge. The last named, other produce from the peasants. If gold was at the bottom of that baan of population, Rassis which dominate Constantinople 000,000 or 100,000,000 people the largeabiyon tan flows Besides, through the glut of un-

Poland.

AS AND FIRES,

Some Reasons for more Careful

men

the expedition was jointly plann Canal. That water way is the and Austria Hungary in

War, Turkey threatened the Susz Turkey as a vassal of Germany Bulgarld. Measured by length, vast sums abroad hud she pays artillery at Maubenge, London, we who have never seriously feare

by threatening the capital of would pooupy they

Eler sotion will share 28 E

by far the largest army the Turkish Empirevent may be raid to be the Keratone g ["ppreache

taaleable produce, prices are low. Thus Turkey's action in closing

to strike.

trouble it was gold British banka in the names of South Wales don

Book, you will precise and.

the