1915-08-28 — Page 8

THE HONG KONG TELEGRAPH.

THE KEY OF THE WAR,

THE CROWNING STRUGGLE IN THE EAST,

"The Spirit that Fired Moscow."

THE ALLIES' WATCHWORDS

Constantinople First."

Germany's plans, in their full now displayed with more clearness than at any pre

1.-On With the Work.

A Contrast.

To complete our broad view of the situation we must enforce an extraordinary contrast. On the Eaer, the free war of maneuvres

EXTRA

HONGKONG, SATURDAY, AUGUST 28, 1915.

1.

VI-What Russian Resolve Mesus.

We must now show why we think the supreme effort will prove, after a tremendous contest, to be a supreme (failure. First, the Grand Duke's whole record warrants us in thinking that if he

It is certain that the scheme for vigorously. They are composed, possesses all desirable facilities across which no sufficient hostile for all the work that can be r enveloping and destroying the as we shall see, of varione armies, for supply, reinforcement of force might be able to strike.d in any emergency behind Grand Dake's central armies now probably under the chief direction threatened points, rapid redistri-The Russians have considered the lines. Wo hold, then, that i thrust forward in a salient be. of Marshal Hindenburg. The bation, and, if necessary, for re-contingency that this extreme ad-emergency arose, not only ar tween East Prussia and Galicia balk of these forces operating treat. The heads of the German Tentare, vast and hazardous as it but population with stock has been long matured. Happily against what is called the Nareff phalanxes seeking to sever theneck may seem at first sight, may form orops would be withdrawn it is equally certain that the front are bearing straight by the of the client from opposite dir- part of Germany's supreme effort. the interior, and that this d Grand Dake long since penetrated Mlava (or Cziechanoff) and the ections are still two hundred miles the mind of his antagonista fore- Prassysh roads upon Warsaw and apart, and are making only slow

mination to lay wasts as the or 88 the

new possibilities and its great neighbouring fortress, progress against the successive

advanced would in the last r ruin the invader. The Bus will not be taken by surpise: Oar Novo Georgievek. The columns fortified positions which the Rus

could retreat for monthe, ale readers will grasp the problem bearing down in this direction, sinus everywhere oppose to the

strengthening instead of wee better if they put out of their where the country at this season enemy.

ing as they went backwards, minds for the moment the very is cmost practicable, are under the With the apparent double broad and significant movemente immediate command of General menace to his communications,

they could turn with crus on the wings in the Baltic von Bulow with at least 150,000 the Grand Duke seems at first capact hold the Warsaw salient strength when the enemy Provinces and along the Doiester, men. Next to him, General von sight to run a risk in holding or but he may be will evacuate it what then? We need not

furthest from his bases. With these movements we.shall Eichhorn, with perhaps another to Warsaw and the front of the in time and draw off his armies deal presently, but in the first 120,000 men, is attacking on the salient, but in these matters it is once more in solid fighting order wer the question. We bar osse, we must be very clear about line Lomzha, Qasovietz and certain that the Grand Duke and before his lines of retreat are cut

out the saber truth respectin the central position..

Suvalki, and employe a powerful his advisera know perfectly what by the Hindenburg and Macken previously unimagined possi There we have now to deal with artillery. In front of Eichhorn's they are doing. The threat in sen pincers. Next, all accounts VII.-The Western Powers

ties of Russian resistance. two phalanxes instead of one and command the rivers, marshes, this case cannot be a surprise like agree that the Russian army is in to aludy their tooiprocal action, swamps and foreus of the Nareff the Galician

"Durchbruch." formidable array and splendid In our two next summi

(the Wider Strategy. For the present the leading role and the Bobr guarding the north. They have hitherto shown them heart at all points. Thirdly, the closing our record of the first has passed again to Hindenburg ernmost faces of the Grand Dake's selves unexampled masters of the supply of munitions is increasing of the great war, there will and away from Mackensed, whose central salient, bave hitherto art of ordered retreat and have every week, and we are told that plenty of opportunity to re memorable in a more conspicuous part, however, is still almost proved impassable and improg. hitherto calculated time to s nice- the Tsar'a generalissimo is already past operations and the pe ssuse than can be applied to most equally important. The German nable. But if Bulow could, in the ty. We have been inclined to the able to arm large bodies of fresh position on other fronts. It extent, are

other main transactions of the reports fondly assure us that their first instance, succeed nearer War. view, as our readers are aware, reserves far better adapted than bean vital to show today. th vious moment. The chief enemy great war.

old Marshal Vorwarte, so far from saw be might tara the main that it would bea military miracle Germans and Austrians to the the Germans fail in their supr ie opening at last the grand at-

When we say that the present being in disgrace, has been em- Nareff front and open away at if the Grand Dake could now conditions of fighting on Russian effort during the next few mo tempt not merely to sweep across Eastern campaign, with its imployed in organising a movement last for Eichhorn to reach the ancused in holding Warsaw and and Polish soil. Finally, we hare or weeke they must fail altoge the whole theatre in Eastern Bar- mense concerted operations stret which will astonish the world and railway junction of Bielostols, the Middle Vistula, but that he to reckon with the spirit of end- both by land and sea toge ope, but to envelops and destroy ching over a thousand miles of finish the war. That is a large even more important might possibly succeed in working lessly dogged resolution and re-them fail in the Eastern the "the main part of the Tsar's armies, front, in Germany's supreme effort order, but the conception bow northern part of the Vistula-Bug the miracle. It he does not, but sialance now awakened in the must be at present the prime so as to open a path to Tarkey we mean to use that often-abused ever "colossal," to use the enemy'e region than are the Lublin-jane- ratires in goad time, still keeping Russian nation.

fact of the Western lies and Asia. This, and this alone apitbat in its strict sense, and we favourite word, is quite in actions in the south of it.

his vast forces intact, Hindenburg We believe that in the last would be idle to deny that -the Dardanelles operations be- have long said that Germany's cordance with. German tempera- Then both these commandera by securing Warsaw and the Mid-resort this would beat the Kaiser the North Sea to the Adristig ing the other side of the same supreme effort when it came would ment. The execution against a -Bulow and Eichhorn-would die Vistula will have taken the as it beat Napoleon. The Tear's direct task of France, Britain medal-ia the inain fact. of the stagger imagination. Russia's leader like the Grand Duke and usite their forces into a northern trick, but he will be no nearer Government we believe to be Italy, not forgetting the Bel land-war, and we must see that task is one of gigantic difficulty, en Empire like Radsia is likely to phalaar bearing dewa on the winning the game if he only se ready for any measures, no matter and Servis, is difficult in pr we grasp it firmly. To steady and we shall see how the Grand prove a very different matter. country behind Brest Litovak cares coveted ground again, but is how startling, and there, ie circumstances. It will be judgment and to keep an even Duke, his masterly lieutenants and We must first follow the for from the north, white Mackeneen's unable either to envelope or de- nothing the Tear can order which more manageable in other oir mind during the critical period the aroused Russian nation are tunes of Mackensen and the Ar-southern phalanx resumed it+ ad- stroy!..

the people will not be willing to atanoes which the Allies hav ahead, when the jampers and likely to cope with it. They chduke Ferdinand at the hood of vance on the same objective from

The result of the crowning fight do rather than that the Germans shakers of the agony-Press may know that if they get through the the original phalanx. The heavy the north. This is undoubtedly for the Polish salient must be should conquer. There, if need hemisphere might be decid Chatham saw that the fate easily rush into more panic- next month in fair safety they defeat inflicted on it near Kraanik the plan. The two phalanxes are awaited during the next two be, is where the Tenton, with all the other. Such thoughts, i atrickon orgies if they are will be afterwards invulnerable, stopped its advance more than a now trying to lose like pincers months with absorbing excite his qualities, will learn what is ing the largest and most de allowed, perhaps a notable qualifi-sure to return conquering and to week ago, and no further pro apon the neck of the salient, and meat. Let us now turn our at deep and uncompromising in the gation-our rendera will do well | conquer, Language cannot gress has been made. Though it to out into it so rapidly and deep- tention briefly to the situation on mentality of the Slav and what is to be in the minds of bellige grasp of strategy, ought a to take their bearing. To-day heighten the size of those issues, is the dry season, Mackensen has ly from two sides as to cut off the the two wings before glancing at invincible in the physical and with sea-power behind them we will subordinate pure narrative no words can rise to them.. found himself in a horrible coun-retreat of a large part of the forces the wider possibilities we have moral nature of Russia. In that said long ago that Belgium and try to give a plain account of

try, and the difficulties of bring-with which the Grand Dake has indicated. In the Baltio the vast Empire the mere temporary Northern France, if the A the general situation of the war.

ing up supplies through so broken been stubbornly holding the en- Germans, on a wide front, are lose of hundreds upon bundreds operations were guided by a country so many miles from any tire region projecting over the moving towards the broad region of miles of ground is not import foresight and vision, might First let us state some consider

railhead and with the few roads Middle Vistula to Warsaw, and between Riga and Kovno. Here ant. What alone is important is soonest redeemed in the Balka ations of time. The next few

almost hopelessly ruined, must booked by the line of the Bag with the enemy, under General von to keep the Tear's armies intact, In the same way the fate of Con monthe, and even the next few is now moving upon a breadth have proved worse, the longer the its fortress of Brest Litovsk, which Falkenhausen, is said to have to withdraw them if need be from stantinople is of even nearer and weeke, may quite possibly be never conceived by Napoleon in his effort and the traffic wore con- in the real military and strategical nearly 300,000. men with heavy line to line, interminably. fa the more vital concern is the Quad remembered as the most import most daring dreams; between the tinued. It is an awkward plight key of the whole of Poland. guns taken from the numerous mesutime munitions are piled up ruple Alliance and to the British ant phase of this Armageddon that middle Baltio and the rivers low-in any case, and in this section The latest news shawe that the fortrosses in East Prusis, and at Russia's own areenala lasts nat days, but years. The ing down to the Black Ses the between the Vistula and the Bug salient is now being fiercely at- with an exceptionally large body poured in through Archangel and of Calais. As we said before, thi and Empire as a whole than is the fst measure of the Allise success at riyal armies with their millions of soath of the Lublin-Cholm rail- tacked on thres sides simul of cavalry. This movement, of Vladivostok. In that oase more Allies, aa things are, must conque the end, and, above all the subse- men describe curves which from way the operatione seemed for the tenously. On the south Macken- course, wears a particularly ugly and more renraits would be equip in the East before they can wit quent position which this Empire tip to tip spread well over half a time to have solidified into trench sen is stirring again in the Gra look, but our Allies have had ped. After a certain point the in the West. We hope that is a is to hold in the world will be continent. As against the war of warfare, The Russians handled bovists and Genbashoff neighbour months in which to prepare Tar's armies would become larger last aun clear to all minds whic determined absolutely by the maneuvres in the East, the trench their problem with sound ability. hoods towards Kholm, and is at against it, and here, elsewhere, and larger. When the time same had some difficulty at the outse measure of Britain's organising fare in the West is at a more solid Instead of parsuing their enemy the same time trying to seize the they can fall back upon strong for them to turn and emite and in grasping the purport of sat exertione both with regard to deadlock than ever. Are the too far, they stood and fortified passage of the Bagat Sokal. From natural lines of defence in a drive and get back their own again Dardanelles Expedition and the material and men between now Allies in the Weat, then to be themselves still more heavily on the north the Germans, in heavy country where the and the end of autumn. We have contained and immobilised the fortified positions which had force, bave advanced beyond the difficulties must increase at every formidable and better placed for ranean niteation.

enemies' they would be larger and more meaning of the whole Mediter a second chance, and a good pae; while Germany with the main already served them so well. The crossroade at Praepysh and step. On the other extreme wing, the offensive than at any moment we shall never have a third. That balk of the forces of the Central enemy, in their turn, made no Cziekhanoff, and are using every along the Zlota Lipa and the eince the beginning of the war.

With the local events, from the Yeer to the Julian Alps, we shall is now gravely understood by Empires pares her plans further attempt to push on and effort to drive further downward. Dalester, our Allies are thought Meanwhile the Germans, with hardly deal this week. The Crown every Minister in the Cabinet, with formidable energy in the carry the Lublin-Cholm railway Even if the Grand Duke again to be very strung indeed, and the avery step into the interior, would Peinos, with large forces, whose members will put away East? Obviously not. They know by direct attack. Instead of elades any attempt to envelop his enemy is making the most be weakened in every way-by has attempted a considerable equabbling hesitation and red that they must conquer in the courting more bloody repulses in central armies thus menaced from determined efforts to turn these canalties, by unremitting latigue, coup in the Argonne, and has tape to get forward unmistakably East before they can win in the that ditection, Mackensen and the threesides, this is, of course, the lines by forcing the Daiester from by unprecedented difficulties in again celebrated some trifling with the job whereon depends our West.

Archduke" sat down," in the old best way of trying to dislodge the Bukowina side. The Russians supplying food and ammunition, advantages in bosstial ballarins phrase, and in their turn entrench him altogether from Warsaw sad at all points are fighting with all by the nam bera required to guard obviously meant to provoke the to the utmost of wilt compétence consequences of that maxim with-ed themselves all across the re- the Middle Vistala, to drive him their unmatchable obstinacy, for hundreds of miles the extend- French. By another attack the in emergency." They must, and out going into undesirable detail. gion between the two rivere. clean out of the Polish salient al subordinating everything to the ing chain of communications. enemy recaptured the cemetery we believe they do, realise that Italy's adhesion, the refitting of Bat all this meant a pause for together, to force bim into the two purposes of killing Germans Aud above all and beyond all this at Souchez, but the enemy is the drag must be taken off the the Servian army, and the opera reorganisation in various quatters, depths of Russia proper beyond and Austrians and drawing out is the probability, almost the firmly contained at every point machine, that the most vigorous tions against the Dardanelles have It implied no abandonment of the Bng and to divide his armies time the utmost.

certainty, that the same desperate by the counterstrokes of the Al- spirits we all know who they are given the Allies, as we have re- former plans, but the development by the Pripet marsbee into two Here, then, is the suggestion of spirit of patriotic resistance which lies. President Poincare, in his must be thoroughly supported, peatedly explained, the strong in connection with them of still parts. All this would then be an immense range of fine con- fired Moscow would waste the brilliant speech for the National and that nothing in the world can and invaluable beginnings of a larger movements. On the left of the preliminary to a Napoleonic fased fighting. We have now to whole land before an invader. Fete last week, proclaimed, with be so perilous to us as half-southern or middle front. Upon the Vistula the Germans wero en-attempt in the direction of Kieff, show, however, what is, in our The Germans would have to more vibrating energy than ever, measures and delay.

the measure of imagination and trenqted, as for months past, on the Black Ses and Turkey. On opinion, the main aim of Gormarch through a desert; Russia that the Republic will fight to As it stands argently with as decision which the concerted the Bzara, the Rawka and the paper the situation is such as many's supreme efort. If the is not like any other country and the very end. The French, like favoured by all the resources of plane and efforts of the Allies Pilites, and General Voyresh in mast tempt the Germans to in- Grand Duke's central armies could Empire. Its temper and situa- the Britiab, have in the msin the open sea, and by an unpreced- may show in that direction great the Radom district was linked up dulge wild dreams.

be" enveloped and destroyed," all tion is such that it is capable of confined themselves of late to a ented range and variety of atrik- things indeed will depend. The with Mackenson and the Austrian

V-The Grand Duke's Vast the roat would of course, be much removing whole population. policy of wearing down the enemy, ing-power, to urgently and more more excitable newspapers which Archduke on the other side of the

Task.

easier. An effort would undoubted-When Russians migrate they go to when this waiting game is Bo does it stand with our chief bother us with rumours about river. But all these together had But the Grand Duke is there. ly be made to sweep to Kieff and not as individuals, but as whole sinister and unendurable, It ie enemy, Germany's hopes of a German reinforcements and guns yet falled to secure any main ob- His armies are there still intact the Black Sea, to break through villages together. At need, we pretty evident in view of the scale successful issue, and let us frank-passing through Belgium ste the jent. The Grand Duke still held and powerful and along the the Balkans and to join hands may behold such a spectacle in on which the Eastern operations ly recognise that they are high, dupes of German desires and the great Polish salient, with all thousand miles of front. The with the Turk, now in dire need, this sense as the world has not are now developed, that the are entirely staked upon the agencies. When the enemy elabo- the railways required to feed his spirit of Bassia is there. Let us

But, even if the Grand Dake seen. events of the next three months.rately advertises a plan it is us-interior lines, Against attacks now see how the Germans are could only be driven across the

enemy oannot diffuss his efforia: She knows it. She knows that if ually, because they intend to do from the South and West only he likely to be met. The Grand Dake Bag, it is very possible that the population is beginning to be contrats every available man and Already it is said that the civil at this of all times, but must con- she fails in that period to fores a something quite different. Not in might prove stronger than over, backed by the beat system of rail to Kieff and to get through to the of Volhynia nearest Mackenson's a grand decision against Russie. is operating on interior lines Germans would attempt the march oleared out of the frontier province gun upon the attempt to secure grand decision against Russia and the West is, for the moment, the and in any osee the darling hope the Balkans, she must begin to principal theatro, though sooner of cutting off the retreat of some ways on which he has yet been Black Sea and to Constantinople. armies. Already the Germans in admit even to herself long and or later it will again become so. of the Ecasian armies would be in based. Behind him are still four It would be desperate, but then some places have found them.

(To be Continued.). desperately as she would in any For the present we must keep par vain. It was time to play the main lines communicating with the Germans know that, whatever selves compelled to advance case straggle for terms that she eyes fized firmly on the East and trump card and to attack our the interior of Russia. Three of their present oircumstances, their through a desolation. The bar. Queen Alexandra's Gift to Flower has no chance of ultimate victory, consider all its possibilities from Allies in their central salient from these lines are double-tracked, situation must become desperate vest in Russia promises to be

Girls That chance, as Berlin believes, Rigs to Constantinople. a third side as well, the north. What is more in the heart of the unless they can do big thingssoon. bountiful and enperabandaal. I last year's distribution of money Queen Alexandra repeated her being still there, Germany is zow III.To Astonish the World."'

enlient, the famous Polish quadri- They calculate that their line of no case will the German be to the professional flower girls in opening her aupreme effort, and We have now to explain more IV.Hindenburg and the New lateral Warsaw-Iwangored- communications upon this long allowed to reap it. Here is where London, as compensation for any we had better prepare our minds fully the scope and audacity of the for the character of the drams now now. German plans and the mea based on the dense railway system sections lacking to the Russians by the marshes of the Pripet, tages of inexhaustible

On Monday the German hosts, lines are connected by the cross would be protected to the north munitions, bas indeed the advan of artificial roses on Alexaudia Brest-Litovak-Bielostok, the main march into the interior or Rosnia Russia, if she has not yet enough loss they suffered through the sale, to be played. It will be for over aures by which they may be met. of East Prussia, took the offensive elsewhere The Grand Dake thus

numbere Day.

all in all. They must be capable We can follow the military

Phalanx.