1915-07-24 — Page 10

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, SĂU ZAY JULY 24, 1915,

THE SUBMARINE'S PART her fifteon-inch guns, could not

IN WAR.

ootshoot our forts, or at least causo a tremendous amount of trouble for us,

ITE OFFENSIVE AND DEFENSIVE VALUE.

What Americans Think.

י

the war vessels of the Allies

17

Relative Values.

*

Cause of Accident.

Before this disaster our navy

We

CHURCH SERVICES.

AMONG THE TURKS,

A NEW SPIRIT IN RUSSIA

Mr. Lloyd Googe's Rallying Cry,

The Submarine Scare in The Sea of Marmora.

St. John's Cathedral, Hongkong.

8th Sunday after Trinity, 25th

Mr. Lloyd George's speech bas July, 1915. Holy Communion

awakened a remarkable echo in (8.5 a.m.) Matins. (1a.m.) Responses: Ferial. Venite: Gallipoli May 23 (Vin Bus Russia. There, as in England, Ouseley. Psalma: of the 35th barest, Wednesday). Out of the it is now thoroughly realized that morning. Te Deum: Lawes, west comes the rumble of distant final victory depends upon an Cooke, Hopkins. Benediotus gane. Salvo follows salvo with a enormous inoresee in the supply Barnby. Hymns: 290, 418. clocklike regularity. When the of munitions. Mr. Lloyd George's Evensong (5.45 p.m.) Responses: sun sets, this echo of war casses. speech, in the words of our Petro- Ferial. Paalma: of the 25th The quiet of a deserted city sex grad Correspondent, became a evening Magnificat: Wesleytles over all.

rallying cry for Russia, and dur." (1st morning). Nuno Dimittis: Last night I left Constantinople ing the past few days more has Cooke (at ovenlog). Hymns in a 100 tons Bosphorus freight been done in co-ordinating indus- 550, 270, 437. N.B.-Psalms 119, versen 73, 76, 80, 81, 86, 88, bont. Our cargo was stowed and tries than in the previous mouths. 89, 94, verses 95, 103 G. P. in ready before sundown, but the

Petrograd, June 9. unison,

fear of the restive submarines Truly remarkable have been the that haunt the Sea of Marmora effects of the recent reverses in

St.

8

B.MI,

41

Peter's Church, West Polat.- stayed our sailing until near mid-Galicia in consolidating and a.m. Holy Communion. 11 night. We carried bread, cigs. strengthening the determination Morning Prayer and rettes, and barbed wire, which of the Russian people to prosecuta sermon. Preacher Rt. Rev. I have come to consider the stap- the war to a successful end. The the Bishop of Victoria. les of war. A half mcon silvered articles in The Times emphasizing the dome of the Mosque of Seven the need of gans and shella served Mioarate and turned the phos to point the moral of the reverses Andrew's Church, Kowloon.-phorescent waters of the Golden on the Eastern front, besides hav 8th Sunday after Trinity, 25th Horn into a path of diamonds using on application to the Western July 1915. Morning Prayer. our paddles churned them into front. Then Mr. Lloyd George's .Responses: Festal.

Venite: fosm. Post Seraglio Point, leav-speech became a rallying ory for 25th Morning. Psalms As Set. To Deum: Blissitt. Jubilato:ing Pera's mountain of twinkling Russia. Hayes. Hymns: 15 (2nd tune)- etors) behind us, we plunged into I have already briefly outlined 145-247. National Anthem. the dark opening of the Ses of the events which quickly follow- Evening Prayer. Hyma: 357. Marmora. The picture astern ed. The spontaneous outburst Responses: Festal. Psalms: As was a "true page from the of patriotism and loyalty among Set, Magnificat: Barnby in F "Arabian Nights with Stam-the Moscow manufacturers found 29th Morning. Nuno Dimittis: boul sleeping in the moonlight. a deep and immediate response at Wicks 10th Evening. Hymns: Thoughts of viziere and harems the Congress of Trade and In- 209-261-20.. Kyrie: Dryer, and bowstrings faded when we dustry. Representatives of the National Anthem.

came abreast of the powder works. Government have expressed Here was a scene of modern war. hearty appreciation of the initia- ^.. Eight towering chimneys balchedtive everywhere shown by menu- forth vast olouds of smoke and facturers, and there is not the Blame that told of the frantic elightest room for doubt that they struggle going on to keep up the will heartily welcome the notion supply to feed the furnace of of the Congress which encouocad destb.

ite ananimiona desire that all tha Rifle Shots at "Submarines." [industrial resources of the Em- Now out from the hold come pire should be mobilized and go- twelve Turkish soldiers carrying ordinated for the task of supply- their guns at the ready. These ing the Army with every requisite The Gospel Hall.-38 Queen's take station along the starboard and especially arms and mani-

Road. (3 Doors from bottom of and port rail, six on each side. tioni. „D'Aguilar Street). On the They strain their eyes over the The proceedings and the re- Lord's Day Believers meet for watere, searching for the dread solution of the Congress, in them Worship at 5 p.m. and the aubmarines. To their excited selves noteworthy and epoch- Lord's Supper at 4 p.m. a imaginatione every porpoise is a making, must not be regarded as Children's Meeting; at 8p.m.periscopa. Time and again they merely an outward expression of Preaching. Tuesday and Thurs-

Union Church, Kennedy Road.

Morning. 11. Hyınas 429, 534, 423 Paraphrase 30 Evening, 6, Hymns, 384, 17, 226, 432, 425. Preacher, Rev. J. Kirk Maconachie.

· The Collections at both Services will be given to the Kwangtung Flood Relief Fund.

incetown. The longest time, action, sa any warship is supposed cording to Lient. D. C. Bingham, to be at all times when in com U. S..N., of any one submergenco, mission, the danger of gas was about twelve hours, and the explosión ía held to be negligible. It is not reasonable to believe greatest distance submerged on As a matter of fact, the great the Queen Elizabeth, or any other any one run was fifty five miles,danger which a submarine faces battleship yet to be built, or any The submarines were separated is the common one to which all groep of battleships, could come from their tenders and were self- jcraft of whatever type are subject sufficiently near to Pausma to do sustaining in every respect, and collision. The danger of being damage were there submarinos the run took less than sixty hours, rammed is the one to be feared. lurking about. A battleship just although no attempt for a record So far as ramming of another asturally has no use for a sub-was made. The divition con- craft by a submarine is concerned The following from the New marine, doesn't care for its com-sister of seven boats,

serious results to either vessel are York Evening Post, is of partion.pany at all. By the same token: Against Invading Fleot." unlikely to follow impact. Whon lar interest in view of the Gorman would be more wary, vastly more the submarines were called upon really balanced in the fluid, ia as This year, in the mancavres, the craft is ander water, she is American situation.

Submarines bave played a sig-wary in their operations against to guard all harboura from Gay light as a feather, in other words. nificant part in the naval strategy the forta of the Dardanelles were Head to Montauk Point that could Submarines bump into rooks re- and offensive and defensive tactics the defenoen backed by craft of he used as bases for an invading peatedly and elide off without of the present war. Groit Britain the under-water type.

fleet. The submarines, awaiting receiving so much se a dent. found submarines of value in the

the attack of the battleship and Deep eabmerged running is re- firat fight off Heligoland, while It is not, thus, difficult to destroyer fleet, disposed them-garded about as free from hazard Germany's process of picking off conceive of one submarine, valued selvea acordingly. In the day as can be imagined; it is only St. warabipa and merobant vessels at $500,000 or $750,000, being problem, two submarines suc-whoa they travel within range of through the medium of submerg- a great deal more, valuable than ceeded in delivering hidden athulla of vessels that they are in od attack has done something a battleship of the Pennsylvania tack before the invading battle- poril. more than give point to the op-cines, built as a cost of $15,000,-ebip fleet had anchored off a cer- timistic statements of adherents 000. It costs about a milliontain port, and the other four As to the nature of F-4's acoi- of the submersible type of war dollars a year for the upkeep of a delivered their attack three hours dent there can be nothing but ship which have been heard since great Dreadnought, when in after the invaders had anchored. conjecture until she is raised and the effective submarine became a commission. The cost of eub-! In the night problem only two examined. The fact that oil was faut nearly twenty years ago. In marines of the now K class, fully of the submarines were success- found floating on the water over the opinion of nivel offiocre fac-equipped, is half a million dollars, fal, as the battleships pierced a her indicates merely that her ball liar with this branch of the service aud the estimated coat of line well to the eastward and the sprung under water pressure, the diameter of the F-4 of our navy maiatonance is $28,000 a year- exercise was declared completed releasing the crude oil fuel. She which was recently lost off Hawaii, all expenses included..

before the submarines at the was tested, as in every case, to a can play no important part in in- Naval advocates of the sub-entrance to Long Island Sound depth of 200 feet; when located fluencing one way or another the murine argue that the serviceable could come up.

she was lying in 320 feet of water, statun of the submarine as estab-ness of this craft, as shown under The flotilla oraleed 25,000 which would account for the lished not alone by the war on actual war conditione, proves miles on the earface and 3,800 springing of the steel sidee. the other aile but by years of their point that an adequate num- miles under it in the eight months There may have been an explosion, practical testing here.

ber of submersibles would be it was in commission, which cer she may have been rammed; she! When the F-4 is raised and the insurance enough against blockade tainly speaks well for the mobility may have had a batoh open when a cause of the accident is learned of the American coast by en of the craft. A subtaarine when wave came aboard; these are some suggestion as to improve- enemy flest. These experts assert, cruising on the surface cannot be several of the mishaps that might ment in construction or mechan too, that such a flotilla would seen, with the aid of a glass, at a have brought about her loss. ical detail may develop. At all make it too bazardous for a distance greater than ten miles, events, whatever happened,, the battleship fleet to attempt on Then, too, it has possibilities in had never loet a man in the sub- "eubmarine is hore to stay, and, offensive demonstration along our the way of underwater mancov marine service cor a boat,

more, it is believed by many will shores. The lact is that battleship ing that serve to keep it hiddon havo fifty submarines; Great eventually come le supersedo not commanders are not going to ap- from

searching eyes,

After Britain, according to Jane's alone costly battleships but ex- preach waters where they know sighting the enemy its approach Fighting Ship Register, bas pensive fortifications, especially submarines are lurking. This is absolutely hidden until, when seventy-five; Japan, thirty: in the case of cut ons whose wars isn't theory; this is a fact brought the time comes to deliver attack, France, seventy-six. All these are more likely to be defensive, ont in the present war in Europe; the periscope must be raised for pations Bad Holland bave sub- when the submarine becomes able witness Admiral Beatty's state- periods of from two to five marines which are practically of to operate upon equal terms with ment that he withdrew from minutes: But assuming this is the American, or Holland, type of "the battleship in respect of son pursuit of the German raiding detected the chances are as many diving boat, while many of Ger- ondurasco and speed, then, inquadron in the last Nerth Sea that it will not be, as that it will, mauy's forty-odd submarines are deed, it ia, hell, will come the battle because of the presence of considering misty or rough water, said to infringe upon the Holland time when the great fighting the enemy's submarines.

or darkness--there is still four-patents. lovisthons will leave the seas England is against the thorough teen feet of water over the ball, Dating from March 1904, there forever. In the meantime the acceptance of the submersible which gives perfect invulnerabi have have been sixteen fatal sub defensive side and relative econ-vessel as a main naval arm on the lity.

marine disasters throughout the omy of operation, together with ground that battleships serve to The fourteen-feet submersion is nations of the world. Great other phases of the submarine keep transatlantic trade open, and given on the assumption that the Britain has had seven; Russia, quastion, are to be considered.. it is only fair and just to say that periscope-six inches in diameter two; France, four; Italy, one; Life of a Submarine.› she has warrant of reason for her is raised the necessary five feet Japan, one; Germany, one, and While battleships, battle stond. But England must keep cove the water. The German the United States, one.

Some of croisers, cruisere, torpedo-hout the ocean lanes open if she is to craft which are creating so much the disasters to English submer- destroyers carve but comparative survive. Coming down to the havoc in the North Sen remain sible craft were: B-L, explosion ly few years of usefulness and hard, grim, cold facts of war, her away from their base, it is of gasolene-no longer used as a then, tactically, if not actually, problem is no, it is said, as ours estimated, from ten days to two fuel on American boats; A-1, become candidates for the junk would be. We haven't any weeks, and the belief of local rammed and sank; B-2, rammed heap, or of una, as a part of the merchant marine to maintain in submarine experts is that they by Hamburg American liner naval equipment of the smaller the first place, and, secondly, the apend their nights" alooping" on Amerika and aunk; A-7, rammed. South American republic, sub country could be self-supporting the bottom of the North Sea, Considering the great number of marines enjoy a much longer life, so far as all the necessities and rising to the surface each morn-submarines in use and the con- As evidence of this consider, the many of the luxuries of life are irg. The North Sea, with its tant tests to which they are sub- fact that the five submarines gent concerned. The objections of our even depth of fromsixty to seventy jected, the record of accidente to Pabem to guard the Canal naval officers are, admittedly, feet off the British coast, makes is small. Total accidents con:] zone pending the completion of reasonable, too. Sabmarines are an ideal bed for larking sub- nested with our surface vessela- our fortifications there were built uncomfortable as to accommoda marinee.

notably those aboard the Benning in 1900-two years after the war tion; the perfectly appointed and

As to Safety.

too, and turret explosions on the with Spain.

commodious wardrooms of the Now as to cafety: the fact that Georgia and other battleships- It was in 1897 that the first battleship are eminently prefer- the disaster to F.4-formerly make a list that is long, and in- submarino of the Holland type-able. As to the hazardous Gature known as the "Skate "is the olndes the loss of many lives. known as the Holland-was tried of service aboard craft that, sub first that has occurred in the Naval officers, attached to the before Government authorities merge the records of our navy coventeen years that this Gov- submarine service, with whom with the result that Congress ap-show service aboard boste of the ernment has been interested in the writer has talked, consider propriated money for the build-sort is less dangerous than aboard craft of the type speaks volumes. the submarine about as "fool ing of the aubmarine flotilla which battleships; bat of "that more

The modern sabmarine is built proof" as a vessel possibly van bottom. The rotary pumps, ba- atalion. is now doing service at the Isth- later.

to with stand a pressure at two be. Every mechanical detail is cause of the great water pressure, The mosque is a blackened mass this war is a nation's" war, the mus. These craft were the pro- The latest American sabmarines hundred feet depth, which is exact and uncomplicated; every did not eject water from the tanks of ruins, and the burnt-out build-leading orgaus of the opposite -duote of the Electric Boat Lom now is commission have a radius Enormous pressure, by the way. point of construction is perfect. in aufficent quantity to cause her ings that spot the town show the political camps, the Retch and pany, which was formed for the of 5,500 miles. They can make This means, taking the submarine Almost without exception it as to rise. But an hour's assistance work of the big English guns. the Novoe Vremya, tacitly reoug- purpose of taking over the Hol- this distance without once filling from a surface cruising stand- baen come extraneous cause that of the hand pumpa did the work, Yet Gallipoli is by no means des nize the fact and have agreed to land Torpedo Boat Company, the their Diesel motor tanks. They print, that nothing in the way of has brought about the loss of a and the boat rose from the bottom troyed. That the initial bombard- bury the hatchet. Electrio Launch Company, and will make 134 kacte an hour on elemental disturbance can dam-anbmarine. Contrary to the im- and came to the surface. In the ment was justified is patent from the Electric. Dynamo Company, the surface and 10 under wator. age it structurally. Inevitably pression a best of the Holland later type of boats no one worries the fact that the Headquarters Dawa is sancanced by the And the interesting thing is that What may be done in the way of she is much more strongly bailt type dives with ballast tanks al-about lying on the bottom. Staff of the Turkish Army was weird notes of a Turkish trumpet. theas submarines, built fifteen coast defence work may be gather then vessels that do not submerge, most fall, They all catry reserve

stationed here. At that time it The fires that glowed before the years ago, are still considered ed, from the achievements of the She has to be. No one doubts buoyancy, When diving the

When a toat dives to sleep on was the base for the troops opera- tents fade with the coming formidable from a military point division of submarines which en- the reliability of the internal boat is kept down by a hydro- the bottom she will add a little ting further down the peninsula, of sun-light. The first of view; formidable, of course, gaged actively in eruisce, combustion engine of the Diesel plane rudder; if the machinery water in her tanks at a certain and while undefended in the rays silhouette the outlines when operating under water mazouvres, and target practice type or of the electric motors breaks and the rudder goes out depth. This causes her to hang seres that no forts exist, still it of the bge-worn fortress that tops They have not the speed and along the Atlantic seaboard be which drive the craft under of commission the craft arises a moment. The addition of more was certainly a legitimate point ridge. Below on the plain is a radios either on or under the sween March Land November 1, water. The case of the Soapper, automatically,

of camela. Already surface of the water that the sub-1911. In that time the division which slept on

In a recent test water will cause her to sink until of attack. No sbell has fallen caravan the bottom off New London, the diving rud she meets the lower temperatures here for some time, and gradually Tarkish soldiers in ill-fitting uni marines of the later types have cruised from Annapolis, Md., to seventy feet under the Boston ders were purposely leit adrift. of deeper waters. She will then the frightened people are finding forms are piling box upon box of The point is they are cat in soy Portsmouth, N. IL, the harboura light vessel for twelve and a half The result was that the boat hang again until the hull adjusts their way back to their homes. smmunition on the lacks of the Redse out of date,

of Chesapeake Bay, Newport, hours in a hurricane in 1910 dived sixty fest and came up; itself to the coldness of the water. The base has been changed to a desert beasta. With the soldiers One cannot say this of destroy- Provincetown, Boston, Glouces shows how a submarine can meet this she repeated. " porpoising" In this way she settles gently to place which I cannot name. Here are a number of civilian workers. ers and hatleships built fifteen ter, Itockport, and Vineyard Ha. beavy weather.

througout the time her radder the bottom. When the vessel is a camp on the hillside comes These in their fezes, red eashes, years ago. The submarines at van Sound being successfully The danger, of which one hears thus hung useless.

to arise from the floor of the sea, down to the water of the quiet and multicoloured clothes recall Panama, five of them, costing navigated, in submerged condi. most frequently when the ques Diving Far Down.. $750,000 each, sui beving 500 tion. The boats were often tion of submarines comes up for

the tanks are pamped out, and bay, where some twenty trans the wars of other days when first Oace in one of the early sub she comes up. Sabuarine men porta lie.

the Cross and Crescent clashed. miles of con t to protect aro re-separated from their parent ships discussion by those opposed to it, marines a naval lieutenant was say there is not the slightest Calques and Camels.

The loaded camela unlimber one garded by military strategists as for periods of from two to four is from chlorine gas. But it is being instructed in the operation sensation of unpleasantness, of It is night again when we reach perfectly capable of defending days, and every sort of wasther, regarded by many as more of a of the craft by an experienced any other sensation, for that mat- here. The moon sheds its light train moves at a slow gait but en the canal. This would seem to gales, snowstorms, fog, and the theoretical danger than on notual builder. A dive was started, and ter, in living aboard a "sleeping" on the busy scene. Osiques, the winding road. indicate that the sucers at the like were encountered and set acne. Oblorine gas can generate the builder finally noticed that vessel.

almost spilling boxes of ammuni On such another scene as this eubmarice na dn efficient engine naught.

'cn'y when ealt water gets into a the officer was taking the craft to

tion over their high sides, make must the great Suleiman have of war which one hears in Was- One extraordinary run was storage battery, and these batter- great depth, He suggested that All in all, the service aboard a trip after trip from ship to shore, gazed when he planted his hington are not borne out when a made from Newport, R. I, to im in the submarines are encased they stop diving, but the aug-submarine is arduous and uncom- The clang of donkey engines and standard on the fort that still condition and not a theory arises, Gloucester, Mass. Practically in watertight steel compartmente, gestion was not heard, and the fortable, but in war time their the rattle of chains call a hun- towers above this bay. With the The Forts the Government is the entire distance of 190 miles Again, the gas can be generated boat continued her descent. At 150 value undoubtedly would be such dred answering echoes from the sun well up in the heaveus there building are costing, mil, one of was covered with the submarine only when the batteries are charg-feet she landed upon a rock; alid as to online the enthusiasm of the surrounding bille. Excited tuge comes again out of the west from dollars, and it is an open question, ander water. One stop was made ing and they are not charging off, and went lower. By this time great balk, of officers eager to suort across the silvered waters, the ships in the far-off Gulf of some fold, whether a batileship at the entrance to Nantucket when a boat is submerged. With the builder had taken hold, but serve their country in striking paning from transport to trans- Xotos, the rumble of distent of the Queen Elizabeth type, with Sonad, and the other at Prova submarine in first-class oond not before the craft was on the manner,

P

day, at 8 pm. Exposition of fire into the food, the ornek of feeling. From the best possible" Scripture. Saturday at 8 p.m. their rifles tending to quiet their abaroe I know that during the Prayer Meeting..

apprehensions. Though I search-past few days more has been done ad for hours through my glasses, in the work of oo-ordinating in- First Church of Christ Scleatist. I saw nothing that could have dostries, utilizing nogleated or -MacDonnell Road. Sundays, warranted this waste of ammuni-forgotten resources, on placing 11.15 a.m.Wednesdays, 5.30p.m. tios. Spreading a blanket on the urgent orders than was previously paddle box, I got some sleep in accomplished during as many Wesleyan Methodist Church, the pauses of the firing.

months. Wanchat. Sunday Morning Next morning's sun found our Dainils cannot be atsted for Service 10,15 a.m. Sunday ship well out in the broadest part obvious reasons, but I believe Evening Service 6.15 p.m. of the sea of Marmora. The guard that within a fortnight a very was still posed on the watch for appreciable difference will have underwater oraft, but they shot been noticed at the front. The more infrequently now. The green Committee on Army Supplies fields of the peninsula appeared is nominally a consultative body, St. Joseph's Church,

like a panorama to starboard as bat, by virtue of its composition, Garden Road.-Mass and Sermon at

the paddle-wheels held to their including as it does representa- 10 am. followed by the Bene-regular throbbing.

tives of industry, science, and the diction of the Blessed Sacra.

5

oldier's and Sailor's Home Arsonal Street.-Sunday Even ing, Gospel Services 8 p.m.

ment.

Roman Catholic Cathedral, Glen, ealy.Low Masses at 6.7 and 9 am, High Mass at 8 am. 5.30 p.m. Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament.

A Cave Refuge for Headquarters. Legislature, ni thanks to the In the late afternoon we came hearty support of Goooral Head- abreast of Gallipoli. The land quarters, it has assumed virtually comes down to the ees in a high dietatorial powers. In other cliff shaped like a badly cut loaf words, the Committee is doing for of bread. A. white lighthouse tops Russia what Mr. Lloyd George the cliff, and into its sides ran will be able to do for the United deep caves. Here the population Kingdom. found shelter during the bombard- Doubtless it is not merely a ment. The largest one was appro|coincidence that, simultaneously priated for the headquarters and with the general awakening of the (another sheltered the telegraph Russian Government and the Russian people to the fact that

port

leg after another, and soon the

guns, Manoliester Guardian.

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