Intimation.
THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH WEDNESDA
suggest that she is in a position to dictate what international law shall prevail when her subjects are concerned in a criminal suit. Not for a moment can we be led to believe that the Imperial Government of China care a single rap about the simple S. WATSON & CO., embezzler, the unsophisticated manslayer,
LIMITED.
ESTABLISHED AD, 1841.
CHEMISTS
BY APPOINTMENT TO HIS EXCELLENCY THE
GOVERNOR AND HOUSEHOLD.
Watson's HYGIENOL,
· AND·
BUBONIC PLAGUE!
LOCAL AND GENERAL
ir is stated that a Customs station has been opened at Algun.
ET P
A SCHEME is said to be on foot to held an industrial exhibition at Harbin,
Woxx was begun on the soil ultimo on the construction of the Woch'ang-Yochou railway.
THE Spanish Minister in Peking has request, ed China to replace the Chargé d'Affaires in Spain by a Minister and the Walwaps is about to accede to the request.
His Excellency the Governor and suite paid visit to the Cosmopolitan Docks yesterday, The pany then went over the Brewery and the Sir Frederick visited the Petroleum Works at Cement Concrete Block Works at Lal-chi-kok
Lai-chi-kok alto,
or the plain and ordinary abetter of whatever it may be. In the case of these people a prima facie case is nearly always made out: "against them and consequently there is no trouble, or at least none worth troubling about. But when a political roformer makes a sojourn in the Colony and in haled before the Ma- gistrate on a complicated charge of armed As H.E. Lu Telog-belang, Minister at The robbery, and when that reformer is discharg-Hague, is on leave, the Waiwupu intends to ed for want of definite evidence, there must appoiat H.E: Li Shang-to, Minister in Belgium, necessarily be misgivings in the minds of to act in his stead in dealing with the com- those who direct the helm of the Chinese | púisory Chinese registration question. craft. It is not ap very long ago that a well- ⠀⠀ kdown agitator-peaceful or belligerent as you like-was dragged into court in Hong- kong on various charges, all charges which were coumerated in the law of extradition, and the unfortunato man, who was simply guilty of having an abnormal mental capa city and coormous personal, powers of lu- spiration and attraction, was kept in gaol for weeks. That man was a plain reformer, not an anarchistic reformer, but abelieveria edu-
'stand their responsibilities and duties to the state and suppress nepotism, chicanery, and device. If that man, a humble THE total amount of income from monopolies and inconsequent - individual in his way, of the Formosa Government for the past fis cal year is Y. 9,616,770, a deficit of Y: 4,234,641 a mera captain of the guard or per.
as against the estimates. The sum of Y.- haps a centurian, had been left to his own resources he would have unquestionably deficit amounts to Y. 2,756,591-
1,463,048 stili remaining uncollected, the actual
been handed over to the Chinese authorities at Canton: And the rest would
THE Garden Fête organixed by a number of leading clitens to aid of the Suldians Saltors Home and the Seamen's Institute will take place at the Botanic Gardeas from 410 will doubtless prove attractive.
CORRESPONDENCE.
MAY 5 1909
{We do not necessarily endorse the opinións-depressed" by: Correspondents' ja' this column.).
MACAON AWAKENING.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE " Kokokowa TeisQKAPH.”
SIR, Maceo has been so much under the Emelight of public attention of late-a fact em phasized by your laminating anticis last even fog-that I take it as my excuse for trespassion upon the courtesy of your columns to enlighten your readers on the utter helplessness of the administration to ameliorate the condition of public affairs in Macao. The local authorities have been so often blamed for the sins of omission on the part of the Colonial Ministry Lisbon that is justice to the execu- lie at Macao, a word should be said in season to their defence. And no time is more opportune than the present when the well-dia- posed British Press devoles so much space in fiendly criticism of the doings in the Porta Accustomed as we are from our very child ghese Colony bood to the admirable system that makes for the success of British colonization, it is difficult to te situated so near to ourselves and yet so far conceive that another European colony should
in the ways that govern it. The keynote in the success of one spalli the very ruin of the other when the varying conditions are applied to each. the needs of Hongkong in its earliest infancy at The Imperial fogislation that was adopted to once gave way to the system of Crown Colony
and the advisory board to the bead of 'the ad. ministration known as the Executive Council. What is so admirabla in the British system is that the officials, with the aid and experience of the unofficial miembar, can at a moment's solica frame any Ordinance to suit local re quirements and as soon aller, amend, or revoke any legislative enactment calling for prompt modiacation. Again, the Legislative Council
yesterday, where a motley crowd of hawkers
repue and expenditure are regulated by that may be and wrong as their methods may ap: had collected. On examination, they were body. This latter privilege is an important pear, they still recognise the golden rule, and found to be without licences. The offending, and when applied in comparison to the money was forthcoming to set up such a de ones were arraigned before Mr. Hazeland in disadvantage the latter is labouring against system obtaining in Macab shows under what lence as to defeat the ends of reactionary the Police Court to-day, an average fice of $5 às formidable British rival as a port of trade tactics. One way or another the highest or fourteen days being imposed in each case,
Whereas in this Colony all its surplus revenue, Court in the Colony discovered that the man
after paying for the machinery of its administra was, in the words of the telegram, a "fugitive THREE tins of jam and ten ounces of tea mystion, is devoted towards pablic improvements, criminal." That is to say, a criminal inas-teriously disappeared on the 3rd instant on roads and communications, and reproductive much as he offended against the political board E.M.S. Moorhen at Hunghom Dock. It works, Macau's coffers are estirely at the whim party in power. The vigilant, versatile and, illegally transferred to the cook and two metr›
was suspected that the articles hid baen and mercy of the Lisboa Government who,
kom time to time, capre huge dra in the Pickwicklan sense, carnivorous Shum
room boys belonging to the ship. The culbe made for the benefit of the impoverished whose light is temporarily obscured-was prits were given six weeks' hard labour each. also a reformer, but he escaped contumely by reason-of his high position. What about the poor, unfortunate village.demagogue, unknown and without influence? Most of us, if a few of our friends were called in question, could easily be proved to be A. S. WATSON & CO., pirates, brigands, abductors and
It has been proved by, repeated experimentecating the masses, so that they might under. II p.m. this evening. The numerous side shows government with its own Legislative Council
that "WATSON'S HYGIENOL the most potent agent for the destruction of fleas, especially rat fleas.
ft, bai now been proved that Flegas', is conveyed to human beings by means of fleas Irom rats which have died of this 'disease,
יז
All risk of infection can be avoided by need no telling. But bad as the reformers/SAI-VING-PUN market way the scene of a raid hold the puras-sitings of the Colony, and its re-
washing the floors, elc, or sprinkling where the fleas are likely to be with a dilute solution.
of "WATSON'S HYGIENOL" A lea spoonful to a pint of water, or a leacupful to three gallous, makes a solution of the strength required for this purpose.
·HYGIEŇOL IS A POWERFUL
DISINFECTANT AND
GERMICIDE
Price per Pint
Gallon
LIMITED,
·HONGKONG_DISPENSARY
AND
.50 cents
.$2.00
KOWLOON DISPENSARY,
Hongkong, 17th March, 1999.
NOTICE.
way-
side thieves.. That "small" man would soon find his proper station as an armed robber, a notorious character, if the powers that be were arraigned against him, and his light would flicker and die without even the usual apotheosis. And we come [28 again to this precious message that there should be a modification in the extraditigo law relating to the handing over of fugitive criminals. Is the law, which is apparently good enough as it stands for Europe, not good enough, for China? Not pretending to be jurists or having the intimate know ledge of international law possessed by the Chief Justice of Hongkong, we do not ven- ture into the angelic depths; but does it not occur to everybody that there is more in
All communications -Intended, for publication to "The HONGKONG TELEGRAPH." should be added to The Editor, I; Ice House ftoad, and should be accompanied by the Writer's Name and
Adiro
Ordinary lanes ungolotineuld be add-awei
to The Manager.
The Killer wll not andertake to be restonsible for jany, rajected MB., nor to return shy Contribution,
SUBSCRIPTION RATES ON ADVANCE), DALLI-180 or annum. WERKLY--$13 per annum
The rates per quarter and par mm, proportionst Subscriptoni for any 'period, less than one month will be charged an for a full month.
The daily imane in delivered free when the address
söcterible to revengar. Peak subscribers can hav their copie delivered at their residences without 'any extra charge. Oncoples sent by post so additional $1.30 per quarter is ebarged for postage, This postage on the weekly issue to any part of the
world is 50 cents per quarter.
Bingla. Coples, Daily, tem quote, Wookly, sweaty
fire conta (for cash only).
DEATHS.
·On April · 35, 1919, at Shanghai NORMAN EWAN FORD, of Sydney, Australia, and of the I. M. Customs, Nanking, aged 25 years.
On April 29, 1959 at Shanghai, Captain ALEXANDER S. WILSO., aged 60 years,
CHUNG PUI, an unemployed ne'er-do-wall, walked into a house the other night on the pretence of calling on a friend who wasn't there. The thief walked out with a silk long cost worth $10, and a silk jacket valued at $5. The erring one, much to his surprise, way to day, awarded by Mr. Hazeland six wooks' hard labour and six hours' stocks,
CANZON DAY BY DAY,
A DRASTIC STEP.
[From Our Own Correspond.nt.]
Canton, 4th May. Twenty-one opium smoking catablishments at Sha Tow, in the Namhoi district, have bean of the Namboi magis fate and the keepers of suddenly sealed up without warning by order the promises brought la Camion to be dealt with. They have now been sentenced to be exposed in the stocks for ten days,
CANTON-HANKOW RAILWAY'S AFFAIRS, Mr. Yuan Tsung Yang, is the employ of the this remarkable suggestion about'a modifica-Canton-Hankow, Railway Company at Assin
to
province of Timor. Not that Timor lacks the. latent resources to enable it to ba a self- supporting Colony, but by reason of culpable neglect by the Mother Country its immenso and valuable petroleum deposits are allowed to remain unproductive, and the fertility its soil be made to yield nothing com- mercially profitable. The consequence is that, neglected and uncared for, the salaries of its anderpaid officials are allowed to lapse into arroars, its police and its garrison malutained 168 condition of tad inefficiency, "and In short, that chaos and povery reign, where arder and plenty, should sway: The ab eriginali are in a condition of chronic revólt, and the disaffection of the natives retarda ather than assists the commercial 'develop ment of the territory. For lack of adequata - protection by the Government the oil fields have remained undeveloped, in spite of the fact foreign-have made repeated attempts to tap that accessivo syndicates-both national and
the rich wells which Timor „jskoown to ponseBI, AUR White Elephant, Timor is
maintained by Portugal at the cost of the Luciant Colony of Macao It is not surprising therefore, that Macao; lacks the wherewithal by its material development.
Without money, and without power," it
tion of the extradition law than the intellect ant Engineer, has now resigned from hit' posi-is no wonder that its inhabitants mani
ty should be the lively example for the short sighted people la Lisbon to govern Micso as Hoogkong is governed. lastead of which they persist in the errors of their way, resulting in Maceo declining in tradal and political import ance from day to day, don
Another vital matter that should merit the consideration of the Government is the chaotic condition of Macao's Land Registry, Unless the transfer and transmission of landed estate can be effectively and rapidly effected few would carn to lay out money in Macao properties, In this connection I may mention the exorbit- ant charge of ten per cent, or the purchasing price of the property as assignment fees when compared to the one per cent, charged in Hong kong,
ORL
A SMALL CHANGE THIE) A Chinaman, whose name Young Yan, a worthy troubled "with a plethora of things, was quietly doing Queen's Road shortly after be saddenly discovered that his when, on passing a money-chang
replenishing with small change. not pause to consider the meate by was to be accomplished. The to do it by the easiest method shortest space of time. He therefore the shop in question with his pres joio issue with you in the belief that the new money changer was busy at the time port of Heungchow will threaten the commers to a customer. This accident cial existence of Macan Heungchow lacks the fact that a bunch of cont piec natural physical requirements to make it a porte. the counter, made Yeung ibisk The scheme for converting it lato a tradal con- thought, Yeapg promp
promptly annexed tre bas originated in the desire to make small which he pucksps imagined was their capital in the hope of seeing in Heung- a sprint in Dorando's most fortuces rapidly those who might have annk claimant, and, finding the chow a second Hongkong, are doomed to da But Chebug Hang Kupzored the appointment. The visit to Heungchow on strange Mirathon race, and, collarle a sense of the importance with which is him to the Police, who were only too the inaugural day did not impress me with ing Yeung nons too gently, made promoters seek to invest it. Macao bay not sato afford the prisoner temporary acc much to fear danger from without, I craffenlon Accused was brought before it to watch its enemies from within that is to land say, the apathy, indifference and culpable no sent decadent conditios.Yours, etc, et
lect which have been responsible for its pre-
Hongkong, 4th May,
'A WELL-WISHER,
30200
пор
to-day and remanded to: Police custod
BANDMANN DRAMATIC
COMPANP
"THE WORST WOMAN IN LONDON,
There was a somewhat better aftendance than the previous night at the Thratre Royal last evening when the Bandmann Dramatic Company staged" Walter Melville's sonsa- tional play "The Wars Woman, la London That those who saw the drama last night appreciated its artistic interpre Fortation by the Company goes without saying,
SHANGHAI RACES;
Following are the results of the remaining events at yesterday's meeting which had not been received up to the time of going to 4-THE RACE CLUB CUP. Two miles.
Chica posies.
press —
Marbles i Sagittarius......
Palm Treo
tie 2 .3
One mile
Time: 4 mins. 19 3/'; secs. 5-THE GRAND STAND STAKES,
And a quarter. For China popies, bind fide griffins at date of entry,
Mazoltob...
Platypus ..........
Time: z miss. 37 1/5 s.
being
2
3
|
for, during the evening, the spontaneous ape plauso which greeted the artists was proof of a clever work cleverly acted. The piece, as iba title clearly suggests, onscares the doings of a bold adventuress, and contains striking situa
tions which are capable of absorbing the attention of the most phlegmatic play- goer. The piece has all the characteristics of melodrama, and exercises the emotional facul=" los to a remarkable degree. Miss Florença Dalton, who was the original in the place, sp- peared in the character" of^Frances Vêrê, and from the commencement of her part
6-THE SICCAWEI CUF.. One mile and till the fall of the curtain, she engrosied
quarter. For China ponies.
Gemini Brockton
Sutlej
Time: 2 mius. 37 1/5 secs. - 7-THE PERING STAKES.-One mile.
·sobscription griffins of this meeting.:
Yeomantrain)
Homestead...
Brumby.......
Time 1,2 mins. 4 4/5 8000? -8 — The Shanghai Stanes
half. For China pontos,
Calia Rose Sokol..........
3
the attention of the audience, by her brilliant acting. As Jack Felton, Mr. Henry Dallas was again the soul of the piece so far as the male portion of the cast is concerned. Miss For the old servant, and her acting showed that she Minnie Rayner took the part of Matilda Parker,
thoroughly appreciated her part. The other players acted in their usual finished style, and materially added to the success of the plece.
To-night, the Drury Lane success" Youth will occupy the boards,
Oss-mile-and-a-
Time: 3 mins, 9.4/5 secs. 9.-THE "PRING CUP, Ose mile. For China ponies that have started at this meeting and
CHINESE LAW REFORM:
"A COMPREHENSIVE SCHEME,
The Board of Justice has submitted to the. Throne comprehensive scheme of Law. Reform to be carried out in eine" yours com mencing from the 34th year of Kwang Hd as follows First year; establishment of Police sad High Courts in Peking, and local Courts and Counts of the First Instance in, the Tartar City; revision of the Criminal Law; Considera.
10-THE SOURRY STAKES. Saven furlongths conduct of judges. Second, years findlog sion of the whole question of the adminix- tration of Justice and drafting laws governing, For China ponies, being bond Aids griffias at the ways and means of establishing model
常
never won a race,
fùry up
Medfield
Pianola...
Time 12 mins. 4 4/5 1005.
date of entry.
Fabalu......... Seafarer m Leadstone.....
Time: 1 min. 45, 3/5 SECT.
THIRD DAY'S RESULTS.
:3
prísons in Peking ;" enforcement of the law. governing the conduct of judges lo Paking .fioding the ways and means, of establishing Courts in the provincial capitals and commerci al porte; publication of the provisional roles of procedure; extending the scope of the regula tions regarding petitions in litigation; drafting regulations respecting the recommendation and.
fest little lively interest in the Colony's pro bers of the Board of Directors of the Com greis, for whatever they might; think and papy At present, there are no Chinese say, it is like the voice in the wilderness, engineers in the Company's employ, with the crying in vajo to an apathetic Ministry to the
exception of Tadini Kwong, the Engineer-in-raise it from the Slough of Despond into which it press are as follo
bas been allowed to sink through the defect--THE GREAT NORTHERN PLATE. Seven promotion of judges; publication of the regula
Chief,
THE BOUNDARIES OF MACAO
of the Westerner is quite capable of appre- tion owing to the differences among the mem. ciating at a first glance? Of course it may be argued that by "modification" is meant "reduction" or, in other words, elimination from the law of certain offences which are generally understood to be extraditable. Possibly that is the true interpretation, possibly not. It has, however, been proved over and over again that the law as it stands is a good lawi, sound, sensible and encompassing, and any modification would tend to defeat the ends of justice as Britishers understand the word, or lead to
Live system of the Government in the metro In connection with the Macio delimitation polis, Governor af er governor, who has beco question, H-E-Viceroy Chang Jen Chun has rent to administer the destinies of the Colony, now issued a proclamation informing the public has realized its most urgent needs; and that H. E. Ko Yu Him has been appointed by has drawn up elaborate reports that have the Imperial Government Special Commissioner been transmitted to the Colonial Office to conduct negotiations with the Portuguese only to be pigeon-holed. Even with the Government on the Macao boundary question, present holder of the, reins of government, the inauguration of an international Alsalia. Ponding the arrival of the Portuguese Commis,
The Commissioner has now arrived at Canton, the same thing happens. As Seabor Nol- For it must be remembered that any so- sinner, the negotiations will be proceeded with called modification would apply to those of without delay. The Canton gentry are great British birth as well as to those wantedly interested in the matter and it is gen by the Chinese Governsicut.because of their erally hoped that the question will be pro-Chinese advanced ideas, A second amicably settled. It is now learnt that the telegram on the same subject appeals to the residents of Macao have also recently hold connection, who, it is believed,
casco truly aid, at the meeting on Satur day, Governor Recidar is fully conscious of the pressing needs of Macao and, is as well acquainted with the practical measures cal culated to work out its salvation. But, what more can His Excellency do than write reports home and press for the execu
of urgent public works? When a'
lion
The Hongkong Gelegraph Viceroy of Canton to avail himself of the mite deverything possible in co-operation, with deaf ear is turned to his repasted represents
HONGKONG, Wednesday, May § 1909.
AGIN THE CHINESH GOVERN- *MENT;
„OFFICIAL, AMENITIES
DELIBERATIVE COUNCIL.
British-Chinese understanding to enter into the Commissioners of the two nations to bring tons, even the best intentioned man will soon an arrangement with the Portuguese Govern- the matter to a satisfactory conclusion. It is tire, and unless effect is promopily given to the ment on the same subject. What British therefore urged that the people remain quist recommendations submitted by H.E. Rrcadas Chinese understanding, which is unknown for the result, and not create any disturbances to Lisbon, it may be taken for granted that the of the multitude? And why the Portuguese during the progress of the negotiations. They energetic Governor will turn, away in disgust Government, unless we are to see in this are, further requested not to facite the public-like many of his predecessors--only to allow another subile move in the game of stratofaling.
Mécao to slumber away le its sleep of goz What does this new move mean? "The Rical diplomacy? It may be taken for grant- Waiwupu is negotiating with the British ed that Sir, John Jordan will not be be Minister for a modification of the law re-guiled by specious tomfoolery even to adorn lating to the extradition of fugitivo criminals. with his nascent approval such a suggestion between Canton and Hongkong.". That is as that propounded by the Waiwapu. the bald telegram which we republished. from the Sheting Fo yesterday. The Chinese MS. Andromeda, Capt. Gaunt, arrived at Government is becoming so anxious for the Singapore on her way to Portsmouth. She Colombo. on 15th all from Hongkong via "safety of the people of Hongkong that it experienced fios weather from Hongkong to
WEST RIVER PATROL fears the inroads of desperadoes subject to Colombo. The wind was blowing all the time here on boards shallow draft cruiser to the On the and instant, Admiral Lt Chus left Chion may cause a disturbance, is that la south-easterly direction Shortly after West Rivar to make an inspection of the water supposed to be the meaning, or is it that leaving Singapore, the Andromeda mat a na- the extradition law of the Colony is so fire vessel which had been out‐100 daju fram some port in Barmah, bound for Bombay,
Today's results up to the time of going to
furlongs For China ponies that have run at this meeting,
Brockton..... Peihe LE Raventhoainejuve
Time: 1.45.2/5.
THE RUBICON FLATE. One mile and
tions respecting the duties of judges and magis- trates; drafting prison regulations and laws gove erning the conduct of prison officials; dafilog laws providing for the keeping of records, Third years appointment of provincial Commis Luigners of Justice; enforcement of the law the ways and means of establishing local Polica governing the conduct of such officials ? finding
quarter. For Chica poniss, being hand side | Courts in the Tartar and Chinons City's pub: griffies at date of entry-
Russley
Fabulus initur ་་་་་་ King Cole..... Time: 2:38:4/5-
3-THE SHANGTUNG STAKES. One mile.
forced entry for all subscription griffins other wise entered at this meeting.
Banff
ging.
Yeoman
Tima: 2.46 3/5..
CHOTA BAZRI,
A
The Lanoyt has been discussing the esty As wlib finance, so it is with legislation | morning cup of tea, which it admi's is a source H.E. Viceroy Chang will recalva the Ameri- | Your reference to the Commercial Code in the of comfort and refreshment to a good mazy can Consul at Canton to-morrow at IT 2,0, able adiicio of yesterday strikes the wall on the persons. When tea, properly infused, is harm. head as to the anomalous position of the Chl. ful at all it is, our contemporary asserts, when Yesterday, work was commenced for the con- Macao. Lisbon administrators would have it the stomach is empty--but milk neutralises the zese maichaole kod traders doing business in it is isken without food that is to say, when struction of the building for the proposed Can-that what is sauce for the goose must be sance tancin substances, and thus precludes their ton Deliberative Council, outside the East for the gander. The provisions of the Com acting as irritants. The most cogent argument Gate, close to the met.
mercial Code, might be admirable for against the early morning cup of tea (it is added) Fortugal, but when it comes to their applica.is that, as is so many cases, at all creais facao, with its systems of hongs and Chinese teeth are cleanand, the septic potentialities bility to the special conditions obtaining, in the tes is swallowed before the mouth and
partnerships, it is quite a different story. Had sccumulated is the
bas
AN OFFICIAL'S BLUNDER
loosely framed that knows, recognised and The Andromeda was, signalled, and assistance custody of the Nambol magistenia has been A sentence of six months' detention Jn the proved "criminnie" run at large in this Co-was readily rendered sodan nativa vessel, The passed on Chan Sing Ngam, of the Imp lony because the British constitution pro- crew of thirteen met, ware, supplied with Chinese Telegraph Administrati tects political offenders? It is rather a 300 tbs, of biscuits and go ibi, of beef and miting an error in the translation of an large order for China at the present day to plenty of want, aho
the Ministers for the Colonies no examples to washed into the sta mark upon, there can be no wonder at the | lög - procesi lathes
month egregious blunder
pmmitted easily bugbugparALY
be drink
light me
poison
cation of the law providing for the keeping of records publication of the prison regulations. and laws governing the conduct of prison cials ; establishment of Courts in the capitals and commercial po
ports
the law governing the conduct
in Chihli; enforcement of provisional of legal procedure¦ drafting regarding the examination, a appointment and pay of judges; enforcement" of the "re- gulations respecting the recommend promotion of judges in Peking, Fourth years Finding the way?" and mosnu of establishing. Coorts in the prefectures and, districts of Chiblis enforcement of the law regarding, the examination, appointment, and pay of Judges; enforcement of the regulations; re- specting the recommendation and promotion of judges la Chibli, Fifth year in cibing the Ministry of the Interior: and the Board, Fipuuce in memorializing the Throny to epter the law providing for the keeping of records fa Peking, settling the scheme for the establish of Chibli ; enforcement of the law regarding meat of Couns in the prefectures and dimricis. the examination appointment and we co judges: Sixth year :erablishment of the courts
log the ways and means of establishing duri in the prefectures and districts of Chihil find. Courts throughout the Empire Lenforcemen settling the scheme for the establ of the New Criminal Code Seventh Gren
district Courts throughout the Emy "of cases to be kept by local Cou Eighth year establishment co thus throughout the Empire, records obably, a tent by the Courts of the Fi ividuals: Chilli; revision of the reguli
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