1902-12-18 — Page 3

A UNIVERSAL LANGUAGE..

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THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPHURSDAY, DECEMBER 18, 1902.

JAPAN AND THE CHINESE ARMY.

and in 1899 Tapan sent over fifty officers to instruct the Chinese troops stationed in Pechili and Manchuria. The Russian military attaché abjected strongly, but without effect; and shortly afterwards Japan was asked to send over å military adviser. În 1950 it was de-cided that two Japanese officers should be attached to each battalion in Pechill, but long before then this province was full of them-no fewer han 200 having come over and commenced operation. They also began to put in an appearance in Manchuria, and wherever they went had passports and every possible assistance from the Civil authorities. Mein- while two Chinese envoys had gone to Tokio- and found the Japanese Government anxious and even insistent to supply officers to train the troops and to furnish the staff for a military college.

The civilized world is still striving after some Some time ago references appeared in the means of overcoming the confusion wrought by Press, both at home and int here, to the interest "the Babel of tongues. At a time when inter- being taken by Japan in the Chinese Army, course between nations is rapidly increasing and to the fact that China had so far awaked and the barriers which of old divided nations to the necessity of improving her military and races are fast being levelled, mankind is strength as to ask her neighbour to lend her worse off for a Common medium of expression instructors. It is very certain that ever since. than since the Dark Ages. Latį“, which was the war in 1895-96 Japan has taken an increas for centuries the lingua francs of Christian ing interest in the military possibilities of dom is now studied diligently by few and China, and has all along recognised that th spoken by none; French, so,lang the polite- Chinese soldier is most excellent fighting ma- language of Europe, is no longer even the offi terial; and the development of this interest in i cial language of diplomacy. The need is not its practical manifestation are being closely for a universal language, which is to supersede watched by Russia. - How Russio looks on all other; but for a common auxiliary language, it is well shown in A recent article simple and easily acquired, which shall become in the Novac Vremyn, which traces he the universal and intemational means of com.

growth of Japanese influence since 1895 thunication, whilst leaving to each nation its and deduces nothing but evit for herself, mother tongue. English, which is now more After the war, the Chinese Government, re- widely spoken than any other language would,cognising the weakness of the army, asked if reason only governed the decision, be-Japan for help in the shape of instriiclor*; the one sloped, but is excluded for two rɛa• sons-intemational rivalré is much too acute to confer this further mark of predominance on the Auglo-Saxon, and foreigners find our tonene peculiarly hard to master. At the last meeting of the British Association, Sir Free derick Bramwell suggested that Italian should be e lingu franer. Whilst theoretically there is much to be said for the proposal, preti- cally it is impossible. Though Great Britain may be above being jealous of any advantages such a selection would confer upon Italy, other nations are differently situated. The first desideratum in any international language: is that it must not be the tongue of any one na- tionality. A few years ago, abɩnd of ingenious scientists evolved a weird combination which they called Volanuk. It was most scientifical- ly constructed and arranged; so scientific, in fact, that it required prolonged study lo master it, and it died the natural death of the freak. Other artificial languages have come, and as quickly disappeared, but a considerable vogue is now claimed for one termed Esperanto. The chief characteristic of the new tongue is its extreme simplicity. Every word is read exactly as it is written. There are no silent letters; the vowel sounds are those common to every language excepting English ; and the accent falls always on the penultimate syllable. The grammar is

simple and the words are all formed

scientific principles. Count easy to he grasped and applied. Tolstoi declares that in two hours he was able to master Esperanto sufficient to read the language fluently. If these claims can be' substantiated, and Esperanto proves to be a complete medium of expression, the new language possesses most of the features essen- tial in the future lingua franca of the world It is already something more than a scientific bobby, and there are said to be 80,00 people

very

on

scattered over the Continent who can read and write it. The advantages of modernized Latin are also being pushed vigorously, both in England and the Con inent, but Latin cannot compete with a language which is capable of being read fluently by a man of genius in two hours. The curse brought down by the ambi- tious tower builders is still such a grievous burden for mankind to bear that any promising avenue of escape merits discerning atuty, and the simplicity of Esperanto has commended it so strongly to every one who has looked into it, that there is reasonable hope of it providing at any rate a basis for liugua france that will relieve civilization from the present confusion.

Times of India.

Соттли

Nro. FOR SUN HATC

Russia, through her attaché, has done every. thing in her power to delay, if not to complete- ly prevent, this scheme; and to a certain extent, she has been successful for a time. The conservative party in China is naturally opposed to the innovation, but the advanced party is all in favour of it; and there can be little doubt that Japan herself is sufficiently aware of the immense value to herself of an effective alliance with China to do her best to get a foothold in the army, The Novor Vremyn closes its article with the following suggestive remarks:-"At the present mo ment, when the whole world is again look.. ing towards the Far East, when a general conflagration incomparably greater than the last may be expected there, we must. while yet there is time, think .seriously how we can keep the Japanese out of the Chinese army. They would assuredly intro- duce into the troops of the Celestial Empire qualities and a fighting value we are for from desiring; and recent Anglo-Japanese alliance can only increase their influence in the coun- try. England has certainly paid attention to the situation. So all we can say is "Caveant Consules! Meanwhile if Japan is to some degree checked in her not by any means un- selfish desire to improve the Chinese army.. Chin is already showing that she wishes for the reforms, and is sending men overto Japan to be taught there. At the present moment there are said to be 200 Chinese undergoing a course of instruction at the Tokio Staff College and attached to the active army, and giving satisfactory proof of having really acquired

modern ideas in military mat'ers.-Times of India.

OTTAM & CO. FOR GENTE BATH.

ING GEAR

MODERN ARMIES,

F

CONFIDENCE

form a foundation for trust. In regard to n medicine or remedy, for example, people aski "Has if cured others?. Have cases like mine been relieved by it? · Is it in harmony with the truths of modern science, and has it ́n record above suspicion? If so, it is worthy of confidence; and if I am ever attacked by any of the maladies for which it is commended I shall resort to it in full belief in its power to held me.” On these lines

The foreign press, and indeed for growth. People belleve in things that they said Lord Chatham, is a plant of slow military writers, rarely lose an

opportunity of

| see, and in a broad sense they are right. making comparisons between their own

What is sometimes called blind faith is not national" armies and our voluntary or, as

faith'nt all." There must be reason and fact to they prefer to call it, "mercenary" one. The comparison is invariably to the detriment of the latter, and while the national army is be. lieved to possess every possible merit, the mercenary army is regarded as possessing every known' military defect. General as this view is on the Continent, it is not quite un- iversally held ; and in a series of articles called "Mercenary and National Armies" which have appeared in recent numbers of the Militar Wo- chenblatt, General Von Bagaslowski criticises it. He points out that, after all; the most valuable feature of the Continental armies from the military point of view is the permanent neuclus the re-engaged man who is a professional soldier theofficers and non-commissioned ranks, and, in the sense that the services of these men are paid, they are "mercenaries," The fact is, the term "mercenary "as applied to the British army, pure and simple is absurd, and should be rather "Voluntary"; and this term, in varying degree, can be applied to the permanent portion of all European armies. History again shows that certain vices popularly supposed to be particularly prevalent in "mercenary armies are - hyno means confined to them. Such is desertion.

Desertions en masse occurred among Nap. oleon's national armies in 1811 and 1815 while meeting was far more common among the mercenary forces which were the custom in the eighteenth century.

The writer in no way desires the prevailing military systems on the Continent nor would he wish to revert to our system; but he does insist that, although general service has been a success in many modero campaighs, “it is impossible to predict, how things will go in the future, considering the seize of modem armies, the character of modern formations, the In- corporation of immense number of reserve troops with the permanent army, and the general spread of socialist and revolutionary ideas." This warning is worth considering at least, and contemporary history may, perhaps, show it is justified. The extraordinary preval ence of suicide in the ranks in France and Italy, the large numbers who escape the obligation of. military service by emigration, the difficulty

WAMPOLU'S PREPARATION“ has won its high reputation among medical men, and the people of all civilized countries. They trust it for the same reason that they trust in the familiar laws of nature or in th~ action of common things. This effective remedy is palatable as honey and contains the nutritive and curative properties of Pure Cod -Liver Oil, extracted by us from fresh cor

1

livers, combined with the Compound Syrup of Hypophosphites and the Extracts of Malt and. Wild Cherry. It quickly eradicate the poisonous, disease-breeding acids and ather toxic matters from the system; regulates and promotes the normal action of the organs, gives vigorous appetite and digestion, and is infallible in Prostration-following Fevers, etc Scrofula, Influenza, Wasting Diseases, Throat and Lung Troubles, etc. Dr. W. A. Young, of Canada, says: "Your tasteless pre- paration of cod liver oil has given me uniformly satisfactory results, my patient having been of all ages." It is a product of the skill and science of to-day and is successful after the old style modes of treatment have been appealed to in vain To try it is to trust to it forever after. It cannot disappoint. Effective from the first dost. Sold by chemists here and everywhere and A. 5. Waton & Co.. Limited.

Insurance.

6

FORTH GERMAN FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY OF HAMBURG.

Hails.

NIPPON YUSEN KAISHA.

(THE JAPAN-MAIL STEAMSHIP COMPANY.)-

PROJECTED SAILINGS FROM HONGKONG-SUBJECT TO ALTERATION,

STEAMERS.

SADO MARU

5. J. G. l'arsons.. YAWAta Maru,

A. E. Moses Shinano Maru“ „M..

W. Thompson

KUMANO MARU

E. W. Haswell SANUKI MARU....

W. Townsend BOMBAY MARU...

DESTINATIONS:

SAILING DATES.

(MARSEILLES, LONDON & ANT) SAturday, 27th Dec., at

WERP, VIA SINGAPORE, PENANG,

COLOMIO and PORT SAID

HAMA...

Daylight.

NAGASAKI, KOBE and YOKO-Į SATURDAY, 27th Dec,

Noon.

VICTORIA, BC and SEATTLE, TUESDAY, 30th Dec., at

U.S.A., VIA Shanghai, NəGASAĶI, Moji, Kong and YOKOHAMA .......

4 P.M.

SYDNEY and MELBOURNE, VIA THURSDAY, 1st January, at

ISLAND,

THURSDAY - MANILA, TOWNSVILLE and BRISBANE....... KOBE and YOKOHAMA,.................. BOMBAY, VIA SINGAPORE and

COLUMBO......

4. P.M.

FRIDAY, 2nd January, at

Daylight.

FRIDAY, and an, at

Noon.

Through Passenger Tickets issned for the Principal Cities in the United States, Canada and Europe, in conrection with the GREAT Northern Rat way'nnd-Atlantic Steamers, Round-the-World Tickets also issued. Between Moji and Kobe, 1st and 2nd Class Through Passengers have the Option of Travelling by the Sanyo Railway.

For further Information as to Freight. Passage, Sailings, &c. apply a the Company's Loral Branch Offier in Prince's Building, 1 Floor, Chater Road

Han, Long, 15th December, 1902"

ORIENTAL

PENINSULAR

STEAM HAVE

THE PENINGULAR AND ORIENTAL STEAM NAVIGATION COMPANY.

STEAM FOR

A. S. MIHARA, Manager.

COMPAGNIE DES MESSAGERIES

- MARITIMES. PAQUEBOTS POSTE FRANCAIS.

-NOTICE.

STEAM FOR

SAIGON, SINGAPORE, BATAVIA, COLOMBO, BOMBAY, ADEN, EGYPT, MARSEILLES, MEDITERRANEAN AND BLACK SEA PORTS, LONDON, HAVRE, BORDEAUX

ALSO

PORTS OF BRAZIL AND RIVER PLATE

experienced in geting sufficient suitable mesHE Undersigned AGENTS of the above STRAITS, CEYLON, AUSTRALIA, INDIAN MONDAY, the 29th December, 1902,

to re-engage to fill up the cadres of the non- commissioned ranks, even the universal ten- dency of shortening the length of colour service -all these certainly seem to point to the fact that the tendency of modern thought is not altogether in the direction of universal service. General Togast wski shows that "mercenary" and national" armies alike vary in different

Company are prepared to nerasi Fire,

· Cissa FOREIGN and CHINESE RISK? zi

CREENT RATES

SIEMSSEN & C

[25

Tonykönë, z8th May, 180c

Intimations.

MAKERS, JEWELLERS, SI VER

SMITH'S, and OPTICIANS

CHARTS and BOOKS. NAUTICAL, INSTRUMENTS, hole Agents for Louis Audemars Watches .warded the highest Prizes it every Echibston:

countries and under different regimes, and that CHS. J. GAUPP & CO. neither can nowadays be fairly compared with the armies of the eighteenth and earlier cen-RONOMETER, WATCH, and CLOCK turies. The national army may possess a moral superiority, but it would be admitted that, in action, under good leaders, there will be found to be little difference between the two classes." Finally the writer objects to the way. in which the British army has been spoken and written abeut, as a force composed of the lowest type of mercenaries. This description he repudiates as dishonest and unjustified by its history-Times of India.

KING CHULALONGKORN of Siam estimates that his tour of the United States, will involve an expenditure of $650,000. Pos. sibly when His Majesty travels, he is required to pay excess on his royal name. -

OTTA M & CO., FOR SUMMER

UNDERWEAR

and for Voigtländer and Satin's CELEBRATED-OPERA GLASSES MARINE GLASSES and SPYGLAS <1.5,

-N5%,, £4 # 46,,Queen's Hose (" atra fa

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INGER SINGER

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IF YOU BUY

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SEWING

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SANG MOW.

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ADEN, EGYPT, MEDITERRANEAN PORTS, FLYMOUTH AND LONDON. -(Through Bills of Lading issued for BATAVIA

PERSIAN GULF. CONTINENTAT, AMERIC CAN and SOUTH AFRICAN PORTS.). HE Steamship

THE

"BENGAL," Captain A. L. Valentini, carrying His Majesty': Mails, will be despatched from this for

BOMBAY, on SATURDAY, the zoth instant, al Noon, taking Passengers and Cargo for the

abave Ports.

Silk and Valuables, all Cargo for France and Tea for London (under arrangement) be transhipped at Colombo into a steppe proceeding direct to Marseilles and Londos. other Cargo for Ludva, &c; will be conveyed old Bombay with Transhipnical

Parcels will be received at this Office until | BM, the day before sailing. The Contents-and

Value of all Packages are required, but

Shippers are particnturly requested so are the terms and conditions of the Compar Bills of Lading.

For farther Particulars, apply.tr

E-A-HEWEFT:-/

Superinten lei Hongkong, 6th December, fora.

No. 45, Queen's Road, Central, NORTHERN PACIFIC STEAMSHIP

Price Lists On Application,

Orders Executed Promptly. H'kong, 12th May, 1902, 145d

MACHINES.

SILENT,

SOLD ON INSTALMENTS AND FOR CASH.

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get it for the Lowest Price at which such a machine can be furnished, You will receive careful Instruction from a competent teacher at your home. YOU can obtain necessary accessories direct from the Company's offices,

COMPANY.

BOSTON STEAMSHIP COMPANY.

BOSTON TOW BOAT COMPANY.

-VIA

ar 1 735, the Company's Steamship "TONKIN," Captain Schmitz, with Mail Passengers, Specie and Cargo, will leave this Port for MARSEILLES, við BOMBAYA This Steamer connects at COLOMBO with the 5.8. Ville de la Ciotat, which vessel takes on her Passengers and Mails leaving that Port on the 10th January, 1903, Direct to Secz, Fort Said and Marseilles.

Cargo and Specie will be registered for Lon don as well as for Marseilles, and accepted in transit through Marseilles for the principal

places of Europe.

Shipping Orders will be granted till Noon, Cargo will be received on board until.4 P.M.; Specie and Parcels until 3 P.M., on the 28th instant. (Parcels are not to be sent on board they must be left at the Agency's Offico.) Com tents and Value of Packages are required.

For further Particulars, apply at the Com pany's Office.•*

-G. DE CHAMPEAUX, Agent. Hongkong, 16th December, 1902,

Two

To be Let.

TO LET

[10040

VO SPACIOUS GODOWNS-Nos 95

and 96, PRAVA-EAST.

TWO ROOMS above NEW VICTOR

HOTEL

Apply to-

H. N. MODY,

Victoria Building Hongkong, 4th December, 1902, [13984.

TO LET.

EVERAL NEWLY BUILT EUROPEAN

SHOUSES in LEIGHTON HILL ROAD.

PROPOSED SAILINGS FROM HONGKONG.

SHANGHAI, INLAND SEA OF JAPAN,|-

KOBE AND YOKOHAMA, FOR VICTORIA, B.C., AND TÍCOMĄ, IN CONNECTION WITH NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILWAY COMPANY.

Steamers.

Tremont.. Victoria Olympia

Apply to g

THE HONGKONG & KOWLOON LAND & LOAN CO., LD, No. 8, Queen's Road West,

Hangine, 20th October, orig.

Captains. Tons.1902-03 | October, 1903. -

T. W. Garlick. 9,606 Dec, 30 J. Panton ... 3,302 (Jan. J. Traebridge... 2,837 Jan. 17

Steamers marked (*) have no passenger accommodation.

The attention of passengers is directed to the very cheap rates offered by this line to the Pacific Coast and to the Interior and Eastern Cities of the United States and to Europe.

Special rates allowed to members of Govern- ment Services.

Through Bills of Lading issued to Pacific Coast Points and to the Principal Cities in the United States and Canada. 1.

For further Information, as to Freight or Passage, apply to

a DODWELL, & CO., LIMITED, General Agents Hongkong, 18th December, 1902. -18740

F. BLACKHEAD & CO. SHIP-CHANDLERS, SAILMAKERS, COAL AND PROVISION MER- CHANTS; NAVAL CONTRACTORS WAND GENERAL COMMISSION:

AGENTS,

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THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY,

9798,

GENERAL OFFICE

FOR CHINA

18, BANK BUILDINGS, CORNER QUEEN'S ROAD AND WYNDHAM STREET, HONGKONG. BRANCHES IN EVERY CITY IN THE WORLD AND AGENTS IN EVERY TOWN. RETAIL OFFICES: 3A, WYNDHAM STREET, HONGKONG.

64, ELGIN ROAD, KOWLOON.

PRAYA CENTRAL HONGKONG, "SOAP MANUFACTUREKS.

SOLE AGENTS FOR tet

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2 DAIMLER'S PATENT MOTOR-

LAUNCHES,

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“Pˇ& O. SPECIAL LIQUER SCOTCHI

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REASONABLE PRICES. Hongkong, táth May, 1895%

TO LET.

Frioed

MEIRION No. 2, the Peak, 6-Room House near the Flagstaff; from 15th

Apply to

E JONES HUGHES. Ifongkong, 7th October, tooz. [10530

TO LET.

THE RET

'HE 'RETREAT"-MOUNT KELLETT

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- Polo Ground.: 222

No. 1, RIPON TERRACE,”

GODOWNS at BOWRINGTON, Prys East "GROUND FLOOR of No. 4, BLUE

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Apply to

THE HONGKONG LAND INVEST. TRAINMENT & AGENCY CO;-LD,

hongkong, 15th December, 1401; Phone

GRIMAULT'S SYRUP

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