1882-08-09 — Page 3

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TYPHOONS."

II.

Having discussed in our first article the nature of the movements which create and those which constitute a Typhoon, we have next to consider the nation of translation

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THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST

FOOCHOW

To-day's Advertisements.

FOR SINGAPORE, PENANG, AND

CALCUTTA,

"ARRATOON APCAR,

9, 1882.

Intimations.

NOTICE.

Entimations.

G. FALCONER & CO. FATCH AND CHRONOMETER

THE Undersigned has all kinds of House and WA MANUFACTURERS

AND

JEWELLERS.

COAL for Sale in large or small quantities at Moderate Prices. Strong and Con- modious small steamers on hire for, towing NAUTICAL INSTRUMENTS, pases, Excursions, &c., &c., CHEAPER than any

floor or table, and as the planets, while a powerful equatorial upper current Row Signor Chiarinis' Circus are ofthe most extensive Captain A. B. Mactavish, will be despatched for ather House in the Trade.

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}

Formosa Strait

|

the above Ports, on SATURDAY, the 12th inst., at Five PM.

For Freight or Passage, apply to

DAVID SASSOON, SONS & Co,

Agents. Hongkong, oth August, 1887.

KELLY & WALSH

H

1558

AVE. ON HAND THE

FOLLOWING - COLLECTIONS OF MUSIC,

Gens of English Song-Comprising the

latest and best English Songs.... Gems of Waldteufel.26 of his most pap

Bar Wales and Polkas...... Arthur Sullivan's Vocal Album:-25 of his

best Songs..... Shower of Pearls: A collection of the most

popolar Vocal Duets Gems of Sacred Song:-A choice collection

of Sacral Music..

$3.00

$3.00

$2.00

the most3.00

....$3.00

Cems of Strauss:-63 Waltzes, 11 Tolkas, Social Henes:A clice selection of Thus

& Mazurkas, 6 Quadrilles, Calops $3.00 for the Violin and Piano...............

....$3.00

********** $4.00

Apply to

[434

CHARTS AND BOOKS. No. 46, QUEEN'S-ROAD CENTRA WILLIAM SCHMIDT & CO.

227 GUNMAKERS AMMUNITION

HING LEE, 37. Tung Man Làng Hongkong, 12th April, 1982.

ток KE E.

COAL MERCIANT, 18, WING SING LANE, HONGKONG,

EETS on hand for Sale all kinds of STEAM

K COAL of the best quality, at auklerate

rates; also has always Powerful Steam Launches for Hire at a Reasonable Charge, either for special Purposes, Excursions, or Towing.

Hongkong, 13th April, 1882. -

DEALERS,

BEACONSFIELD ARCADE.

Arms, Ainmunitions, and Requisites of every description,

Arms Repaired, Cleaned, or Converted at moderate charges. Sporting Guns and Ammunition always on hand.

[28

AND R. TENNENTS ALE AND

PORTER. DAVID CORSAR & SONS'.

[234

J.

NOTICE,

[OOKBINDING AND RULING IN ALL US

RATES AT THE

HONGKONG TELEGRAPH "OFFICE. Account Banks ruled to any pattern. Music bound in Bagant Style with Best Materials,

"TELEGRAPH " Device, HosokoNG

CHIE NA M.

OLD AND SILVERSMITH,

WATCH MAKER

$3.00 GOL

Christy's Minstrel's Surg Book, compris. ing 183 of the brightest and most popular Christy's Songs.. Household Melodies-Acollection of Songs

Ducts, Choruses, &c....... Gents of the Dance-56 Waltzes and 30 Galupe, Polkas, &e. by the best Cum- posers

..$3.00 Pearls of Melody:-A selection of mode-

rately difficult Pianoforte Music...$3.00 Cascade of Rubies:-A selection of mode-

rately difficult Pianoforte Music..... Evening Pastintes:-Choice Ducts for the

Violin and Piano

A beautiful illustration of this latter fact. is to be found in the history of the seven- teenth typhoon of 1881. This storm was

Murders, suicides and executions seem recently first heard of near the north-east of Luzon to predominate over everything che at the An- on the 24th October. Attracted by the churage. We hear of two instances of suicide low pressures on the mainland which having taken place there during the past week, were being produced at that time by but not of a sufliciently romantic character to of the storm over the earth's surface. Just the passage of another typhoon through interest our realers. ne execution is reported.UE Steamship

The preparations which are being made for as a top, while spinuing, will travel over a Mid-China, and probably also impelled by

character. The site chosen could not be in a rotating swiftly on their axes, move along ing towards the continent, it had at first a

better or more central position; whilst there is in their orbits, so a typhoon, once complete well-marked north-westerly direction. For room for a larger expanse of canvas than we can ly formed, is apparently never stationary, four days it fought its way against the reasonably expect a circus travelling under such but travels, at first slowly, and then with monsoon, doggedly and slowly, across the difficulties to possess. The grand is being en- increased speed, over the sea and land. Bashee Channel between Luzon and For-closed by a strong bambino forcing, so that there Here again the earth's axial rotation, mowa, only advancing in that time about

need be little fear of a disorderly crowd of in- which has so much to do in governing the 220 miles, or 2.3 miles per hour. That the occasioning annoyance to Freiga visitors.

quisitive Chinese either damaging the tent, or gyrations of the air at a typhoon's birth, compart and massive polar current, now

We regret to learn, at the moment of

going well established and blowing with great to press, that there is a possibility of the com directly influences the course of the meteor, and urges it towards the north pufe. In- force through the Formosa" Strait, was unity being disappointed by Signor Chiarin's deed, if no other forces came into operation, more than a match for even this terrible Circus not visiting the port. It

appears that the its motion would be directly northward, antagonist, which, after making the south Mandarins have visited the various Consuls and explained that they cannot be responsible for But these storms are hesides compelled to end of Formosa, suddenly gave up the partake in some measure of the general protracted struggle and led north-east any disturbance which might arise by depriving the Chinese of the same free access to which motions of the atmosphere near the earth's ward, to be heard of ten days later in they claim privilege at their own entertainments. surface, which for the most part in the Japan, whither it had been attracted by We further team that the Mandarins have typhoon region, incline "northwestward | another area of low pressures. It seems, offered to defray any reasonable expenses al during the summer months. The chief however, to have had a sort of revenge ready incurred by Signor Chiarini, and that the governing force, however, which regu- for its defeat, the contest having caused latter's Agent has demanded the large amount of five thousand dollars. This report, however lates alike the courses of typhoons and of great atmospheric disturbances which the great aerial currents. is the distribu-Spread over a vast area.

must be taken cum grano satis. Another storm. tion of pressures in neghbouring regions.

in 1880, coming northward from the l'ala wan Islands and seeking to pass up the Typhoons simply obey a natural law in seeking areas of low pressure in prefer- Formosa Strait, met with a similar res ence to those of high pressure. Indeed, pulse. This one indeed, on very nearly It may be accepted as a general and im- the same date (Oct, guchi, actually rés portant maxim that a typhoon will always treated a little fofore the fored of the mon- travel, if it can, towards the centre of the son, and then dashed out into the Pacific nearest area of lower pressure. Now, on through the Bashee'Channel.

A third and the North Pacific Ocean, the pressures similar case is on reford as having occur- which rule during summer in the lower red early in November. 18.7. Other in- latitudes are higher than those on the stances among the autumnal typhoons of Chinese mainland, and in Siberia. There the last two years illustrate the great is a maximum of pressure in the Mil-Pa-efficacy of the strong nonsoon in the cific, and there are minima about the south west limit of Mongolia and the region of the Sea of Okhotsk. Hence, since the Pacific is the birthplace of all typhoons, they as a rule combine with their ten- dency poleward a westerly movement in the direction of the mainland, travelling with the great aerial surface currents to- wards the regions of deficient pressure and rarefied air on the heated continent of Asia. In fact, unless they are hindered by serious obstacles or diverted by greater attractions, summer typhoons originating in moderately low latitudes always tend to move in the first part of their course in a direction between the north and west, from the high pressures of the Pacific to the re- latively low pressures of Mid-China. So powerful indeed is the influence exerted by low-pressure areas that we find cases during the last two years in which the tendency to travel northward has been wholly overcome by the superior attractions of lower pressures, which have even pro- hated movements somewhat to the south of We shall glance later at these and other departures from the ordinary habit. Unimpeded typhoons which, travelling north-westerly from their origin, penetrate Tinto China sellem get very far inland. Mountain ranges, to which these storms have a strong antipathy, bar their pro- gress, and for the most part, they soon turn poleward in quest of lower pressures in the north of China than can be found on the southern const. Ultimately they seek the ocean again, inclining eastward along the isobars which take them to the Yellow Sea, Corea and Japan, when, weakened and scattered by the obstacles met with on their long fand journey, they soon collapse and vanish. Typhoons which do nut reach the coast of China at all seem, as a rule, to preserve the same general order of movement as those which de; that is to say, their course, at first north-westerly, gradually bends eastward to the region of the Japanese archipelago.

as a protection to the these incess beca once again fortunate in Songs of England:-The best of the Old

wust.

As a broad definition then, applicable to the normal typhoon, it may be stated that its path is approximately a parabola, the vertex of the curve being turned westward and situated not far from the boundary of the tropic, while its two branches pass respectively over the archipelago of the Philippines and that of Japan.

were

coast of China, some storms having evi- dently sheered off to avoid an encounter with it, while two su checked and hampered as never to reach their Tull development, and several others were kept well to the southward, where the monsoon had less deterrent force. Towards the close of the year when the monsoon has become well established down to the equator, typhoons disappear altogether from these seas.

The section of the Pacific which en- braces the Philippine Islands and the re- gion cast of them, and extends from the 5th to the 20th parallet of latitude, and from the 20th to the 150th meridian, is the birthplace of the great majority of the typhons which sweep the Eastern seas. Out of the thirty-four under discussion, one only in 1880 and four in 1881 seem to have had their origin outside of the above limits. Of these, two were formed near the Linkiu islanels. Due to the south-east of Japan, one near the Pratas Reef and one to the east of Formosa. Nearly the whole of the remaining twenty nine passed over some part of the Philip- pines, or so near to them that their passage could be easily detected by the movements of the barometer and the wind; and we see from this the very great importance of Manila as a warning station for the const of China. Every one of the typhoons, it may be safely inferred, had its origin on

the sea.

Of the general laws which tend to deter- mine the path of a typhoon we have already spoken. There are, however, a great many supplementary attractions and repulsions which, in the majority of cases, tend to modify the effects of these laws, and thus we find produced a highly varied series of curves, out of which, if we except the influences of the northeast monsoon just now referred to. it seems at present impossibile to trace any very clear connexion between the tracks and the different times of the year. If anything further at all comes out of an examination of the tracks, it is that those of the cooler months of the typhoon sea- son are the most highly curved, those of the hottest period being relatively straight er; and that the earliest typhoons, like the intest, pass well to the southward. The chief cause governing these characteristics Passing now from these general charac is found to be change of position of teristics to a closer examination into the the low-pressure areas. These indeed history of the typhoons of the last two furnish the true key to the move- years, we find in the first place a marked mems of typhoons, since to them we find Increase of their number in 1881 as com- that the storms always gravitate unless pared with 1880, an increase colnejding hindered by insuperable obstacles. From with that great increase of solar energy this is apparent the vast importance of which was made manifust by the aland multiplying meteorological and telegra ance of sun-spots and file. In 1880 phic stations all over a region liable to there were fourteen and in 1881 no fewer visitation by typhoons, in order that we than twenty recorded typhoons. Their may be enabled not only to receive or give distribution through the different months, timely warning of a storm's existence, but reckoned according to the dates of their to foretell the very districts over which it first coming under observation, was as fol- will travel, and give the inhabitants time to lows. In 1880 July and November contri- prepare for it. buted two aplece, August and October three and September four; and there was one typhoon on an average every nine days, About five days was the average duration of each from its first appearance until last heard of. In 1882, there was one typhoon in on record. Drawn at first in the usual cach of the months May, June and Decem- north-westerly direction, from its origin ber, two in November, three in July and the cast of the Liukiu Islands towards the same in October, four in August and five in south of Japan. it all of a sudden swerved September. Omitting the first and last, the sharply to the south-west, being repelled average was one in every 8.67, days, and by high pressures then settling over the average duration seven days; but the Japan, and at the same time attracted by latter increase may be accounted for by the low pressures in South China. It entered fact, explained in our first article, that the continent near Chusan on the 13th of Monsieur Dechevrens carried his juvesti August, and, carrying havoc and death in gations for 1881 a good deal further than its progress, travelled about a thousand those for 1880. September accordingly miles inland, until dispersed three can claim the ghastly honour of first place days later by meeting high pressures amongst the months in respect of typhoon in the north of Kwangsi. This great. frequency. For Hongkong, and generally storm was unique in direction, for it for the coast and China proper, July, should have taken, according to all August, September and the first half of precedents in the latitude of its origin, a October may be regarded as the true north-easterly course. But there are not typhoon season. Earlier storms, accord- wanting several instances, further.south, of ing to the statistics before us, are rare, or typhoons taking a course to the south of only occur, like that of May, 1881, far west under the influence of low pressures down the China Sea; while later ones, and other causes.

from mid-October onwards, seem to

were far from exceptiorial. have no chance of forcing their way to the coast past the sturdy barrier opposed to them by the north-east monsoon.

A striking example of the power- ful influence exerted by atmospheric pressures is furnished by the great Kiangs typhoon, No. Vi of 1881, one of the grandest and most

terrible

'dreaded

English Songs

$4.00

+$3.00

$1.00

$1.00

On Saturday evening last as the steamship Appi (Captain Bendall was entering the Anchorage, she touched on one of the shifting sand banks and, the tide running rapidly with her at the time, it was simply impossible to lack the vessel off before she swung The barque Cifal lay at anchor in rather to close proximity: caught the Harque, without, however, doing her for the former steamer in swinging off the shoal any damage, The Appin's mizen-mast was snapped off, and two of her boots crushed and a notion of the stem railing banken off. The dini- culty of navigating the Min is well known, and at the place where this collision occurred, the sand banks shift suddenly, and in the most unsc- countable manner and are liable to deceive even

treversing the river. Foochow has escaping the violence of a typhoon, which threa tened to vent itself on the port since Monday Songs of Scotland:—195 Popular Scutch" last. At nine o'clock in the inoming of the latter

Songs day there were similar appearances of one of these Songs of Ireland-Including the most fa.

tornadoes as were anginous on the 15th

vourite of Moore's Irish Melodies....S1.00 ultimo; the barur eter again faling so suddenly as Songs of Wales:- Songs, Welsh mud to indicate the necessity of all steain vessels at the

English Words Anchorage being prepared; and the latter got Songs of France:-60 Celebrated

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Songs, under steams as quickly as possible. Throughout

French and English Words $1.00 the morning, rain prevailed in Foochow, and to-Song of Germany-102 Volkslieder, with wards afternoon à fresh northerly wind sprang

German and English Words ........$1.00 up: the river, with an unusually high tide, pe Casket of laric Gems:-Bright Songs and

Clees senting an animated appearance by the innumer

$2.50 aftervociferous harangues fromtheir occupams, at able sampans forcing their way into the creeks and, last settling in a sheltered position. On either side the creek, stakes were firmly driven into its side banks, and sampans inddled together, with here and there a houseboat or stean-launch obsery-Pirates of Penzance:-Gilbert and Sullivan.şi.25 able-an unusual location for this description of Les Cluches de Corneville:-(English craft. Throughout the night, the wind was cer

Words) Planquelle

$2.50 typhoon and, by early mern, litle indication of tainly boisterous, but nothing approaching a

La Traviata:-(Italian and English Words)

Verdi

1.50 such an evint was left; although our report from | Rigoletto: (Italiju and English Werds) Pagoda informed us that the barometer was still Verdi ...

$1.50 lowering to an alarming extent. Throughout Trovatore:-(Italian and English Words), Tuesday, and last night there was a strong and

$1.50 fears of a typhoon were dispelled-Herald. variable wind, but as this murning dawned, all

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land Werds) Donizetti.

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CANVAS.

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[438

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[539

KELLY & WALSII-HONGKONG. Hongkong, 9th August, 1882.

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Intimations.

SAM HING, IS TULT Z). MERCHANT TAILOR AND OUTFITTER, HAT AND CAP MAKER. MPORTER of every description of Gentle- men's Scarves, Collars, Ties, Socks, Um- brellas, Hats, &c., &c. Dealer in Chinese Silks of all kinds Bamboo Blinds and Matting. Special attention given to the Tailoring Depart ment. A perfect it and best workmanship gua- ranteed. Cretonnes and Chintzes for Dresses in all the newest patterns.

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SUN

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"TUAMES-STREET INDUSTRIES," by Percy Russell. This Illustrated Painphleton Perfumery,

• The Typhoons of the Chinese Star in the year 186; Ly &c, published at 6d, may be had gratis from any

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Idem,

1881

Nature, May 4th and May mê, 1882,

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[211

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MERCHANT TAILOR, HAT, & CAP NAKER.

AS for Sale, every description of Gentle

Hen's Scarvca, Collars, Ties, Socks, Hats,

&c., &c. Dealer in Chinese Silks of all kinds. Bamboo Blinds, Mattings of own Manufacture, China Teapots in bamboo covers, Rattan Chairs, material guaranteed. Silk Coats a Specialité, a perfect fit and best

No. 112, QUEEN'S ROAD CENTRAL Hongkong, 16th May, 1882.

HONGKONG RACES, 1881. NOW. READY, PRICE

[347

25C.

A HONG-

P. MOORE begs to inform the Centle- men of Hongkong and Visitors that he has reduced the price of Hair-Cuiting to so cen's. Having now in his employ three competent As- sistants who are always in attendance, he guar antees to execute this class of work, in all its branches, with a perfection which cannot be ex celled in any part of the World.

Hair-Cutting.... Shampooing.

Shaving*******

Trimming Beards

.50 Cents.

25 Cents.

.25 Cents. 25 Cents. MONTHLY CUSTOMERS TAKEN AT REDUCED

HATES.

RAZORS MOST CAREFULLY REÄSET.

Mr. Moong begs to recommend his

GOGO SHAMPOO. WASH

to the public as unrivalled by any prepara tion ever produced for promoting the growth of the hair. The basis of this compound is made of soap root; the natives of the Philip pine Islands never use anything else for washing their hair; they are never found ball, and it is quite common to see the females with hair from 5 to 6 feet long. By constantly using this ShampNEVER BE BALD

Wash as

directed, you will

The proprietor offers the Wash to the public entirely confident that by its restorative pro- pertics it will without fail arrest decaying hair I completely eradicates scurf, dandruff, and cures all diseases of the scalp. It does not contain any poisonous drugs. By its cooling properties it allays the itching and fever of the scalp, which is the great cause of people losing

their hair.

Mr. Moore has succeeded in being able to

KONG RACE MEETING OF 1882, IN PAMPLET FORM, REPRINTED FROM THE "HONGKONG TELEGRAPH " As only alimited number will be printed, orders should be sent without delay to the "HONGKONG TELEGRAPH OFFICE

No. 6, Peddar's Hill. Hongkong, 4th March, 1882.

S 2

HING.

TAILOR.

Dkerchiefs, Embroidered Shawls, &c., &c.

EALER in all kinds of Drapery, Silk Hand-

HAT AND CAP MAKER.'

Ladies material made up, and a perfect Fit Gua

matced at Moderate Charges. MATTING AND MANILA CIGARS, FOR SALE.

No. 76, WELLINGTON STREET, HONGKONG.

Hongkong, 12th April, 1882.

SPECIAL NOTICE.

(az8

TO ADVERTISERS.

HIPPING FIRMS, INSURANCE COM- PANIES, COMMERCIAL HOUSES, and ADVERTISERS generally are informed that arrangements have now been completed to issue daily in connection with all

ADVERTISEMENTS INSERTED IN THE "HONGKONG TELEGRAPH,"

A SPECIAL ADVERTISEMENT SHEET FREE OF CHARGE. As the scale of charges in the Hongkong Telegraph, which has a guaranteed circulation of

of

THREE HUNDRED COPIES.

is fixed at an exceedingly low rate, the attention Advertisers is directed to the many advantages offered by this journal as a Genomf Advertising Medium, and the support of the Mercantile com put this wash up in bottles without allowing it to munity and the public generally is respectfully ferment, and he will guarantee it to keep any solicited. [436 | length of time in any dlmate.

A varied stock of specially selected Stationery always on hand.

Hongkong, 15th June, 1881,

[16 Hongkong, 1st April, 1882,

,