TYPHOONS
1.
THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, TUESDAY, AUGUST 8, 1882.
friction with the rugged surface of the land, and it is greater in low than in high latitudes,
1
The air of the outer district, on the other band, describes a spiral directed outwards from the centre.
beiddis regions of the atmosphere, the air above the cyclone inclines outwards from the centre, and at a great distance flows nearly directly away from it.
board side, the ballast at the same time washing out. The fore and main masts were then cut away, to keep the ship as upright as possible, The Captain, seeing that the vessel was heeling, over, wanted the second officer and the crew to take the big boat and leave the ship, as the boat
question would not hold more. He intended staying on board with the chief officer, the little. boat having been swamped. They did not want to leave the ship, and the part anchor was slipped
The men put all their clothing and effects aft the cabin, where they remained pretty con fortable fora time. They though the vessel had stled on the bottom, when she suddenly stok down altogether, with her bulwarks level with the water." The crew tork tothe mizzen rigging, except the Captain and the Chief Officer, whi stayed on the top of the house and lashed them-
selves to the mast, as the sea was making a clean breach over the vessel.
To-day's Advertisements.
WILLIAM RICHARD LOXLEY is
curation during our temporary absence fom Hongkong.
SAYLE & Co. Hongkong, 8th August, 1882.
[555
MAnthurised to S OR FAX per pros
COMPANY, LIMITED,
NOTICE TO SHAREHOLDERS,
TSHAREHOLDERS will be held in the HE HALF-YEARLY MEETING OF
Offices of the Company, No. 14, Praya Central, on MONDAY, August the 18th, 1882, at 3 PM for the purpose of receiving the Report of the Directors and a Statement of Accounts to oth June, 1882.
The TRANSFER BOOKS of the Company will be CLOSED firm the 13h instant, to the 28th instant inclusive.
lly Order of the Board of Directors,
R. COOKE, Acting Secretary.
Hongkong, 7th August, 1882,
PUBLIC AUCTION,
1956
Intimations.
WATC
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ATCH AND CHRONOMETER
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NAUTICAL INSTRUMENTS, CHARTS AND BOOKS. No. 46, QUEEN'S-ROAD CENTRAL (434
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Many proof were needed. of Father Dechevrens' indefatigable devotion to the persuit of meteorology, it wotll be suffi- elent to point to the two claborate papers from his pen, on the Typhoons of 1880 and 1881, with which we propose to deal in the following notice. These able essays have been prepared and published for
But whence, it will be askeri, proceed the general information in the midst of the original disturbances of the statie quilt-in order that the vessel might drift into as shoal HONGKONG AND WHAMPOA DOCK WILLIAM SCHMIDT & CO. engrossing labours inseparable from the brium that start and keep up those biter-water as possible. The big boat swung aming routine of the Observatory at Zi Ka We changing motions between the interior and the wreckage and was swamped after the port over which Mons. Dechevrens so ably exterior portions of the air over a given anchor had been slipped, while the little boat was presides. The latter indeal of the two area which result in the generation of a buried under the ship. which is much more complete and search. typhoon, and without the maintenance of have which the whole system of motion would ing than its predecessor, must been written at a time when he was very soon come to rest? The answer to intently occupied with the extension of this is, that they arise from differences his field of operation that was lately of temperature, pressure and humidity. undertaken at the wish of the Shanghai the last-named being less conspicucats Chamber of Commerce. As compared as a primary cause than as a means of with his highly finished report of 1881, that maintaining the cyclonic action after it for 1880, though very full and interesting, bas once been started. It would be seems almost neagre. In the later docu- tedions to trace out in detail the ment he has not only given minuter ac manifold and highly complicated opera counts of the phenomena of the Typhoons, tions of these causes, and the manner in bu has confirmed and elaborated, and in ‡ which successive effects Income causes in some minor points modified, his earlier con- their turn. Let it suffice to remark that, clusions, and has presented to the world, according to Mr. Forroff, the primary cause we believe for the first time, a large body is a horizontal temperaturg gradient-that of valuable and trustworthy facts relating is to say, a progressive change of to these appalling tempests. One distinct temperature along given level... ive merit of the second paper is that and that a condition highly favour- whereas in the earlier discussion the tracks able for the maintenance of a typhoon of the southerns Typhoons of 1880 which is that the vertical temperature deere strack the coast from the Gulf of Tong King ment, or fall of temperature for a given northward were not traced farther, those height. be less in the interior than in the of 1581 have been followed on their long surrounding regions. we suppose circuits through the interior of China to cyclonic action tox be set up over, a their return, in conformity with the esta- portion of the sea where the lower strala blished theory of parabolic movement, to of the air have become greatly heated, and the began at the northern seaboard. The absorbed vapour of water - a state of dificulty of such an enquiry will be under things well fitted for the production of a stood when it is explained that from various | typhoon-- the warm, moist surface air will causes Typhoons, with very few exceptions, be assisted in its natural tendency to rise lose most of their energy, almost their by the decreased pressure towards the identity, after taking to the land. It is true centre which results from the aerial gyra that part of their former vigouris sometimes tim. This rising will obviously to on recovered when they regain the sun, bût quicker as the centre or area of minimum thetracking of their fitintly marked courses | pressure is appreacher). The place of the over the continent can only be achieved by keen and laborious investigation.
|
|
When
ALL
Undersigned has received instructions to Sell by Public Auction, on
FRIDAY,
at PIECE or PARCEL of GROUND, Registered in the LAND OFFICE as the REMAINING PORTION of INLAND LOT | No. 696, measuring on the North and South sides 16 feet, East and West sides go leet. Together with the HOUSE No. 118, Queen's Road West. For Further Particulars and Conditions of
J. M. GUEDES,
Hongkong, & August, 1882.
At this time, a brig bore away, and then an- chored SE. from the wreck about 3 miles off. A little laer a steamer bore down and anchored astern of the brig. The big was the Arges, Captain Jahnson, and the steamer the Oaklands, | the 18th day of August, 1882, at 3 PM, on the Captain Payne. The Inger sent a boat under
Premises. sail to the rescue of the Artemisia's crew, but it
BY ORDER OF THE MORTGAGRE. could not fetch the wreck, owing to the strong tide which set the boat to leewand. The steamer sent a pulling boat, but it had to return. the tide began to fall, the crew of the Artemisia tried to right their big boat and empty the water out so that they could drift towards the brig They could only adopt this course as their pars Sale, apply to were all gone. When the boat was righted, it was found that her bilges mud bow were stove in. Nothing further could be done, and the crew waited. patiently for assistance from elsewhere. All the men's clothing liad been washed overboard, while that which they were wearing was torn and wet. During the hasty survey of the cabin, the mate manged to get his door open, and there up to its neck in water, and looking out of the. saw the ship's dog sitting patiently on a table,
made another attempt, this time with a sailing boat, which was manned by Mr. Scott, Chief Officer, and six European passengers, who had belonged to the crew of the Daraiby, at Nagasaki, and were on their way to Shanghai. They suc ceeded in their efforts, and had the satisfaction rescuing thers souls who formed the rtemisia's crew, also the dog, and took them on board the Qaklands at 4 pm, on Tuesday,
of
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Intimations.
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NOW
deference to the wishes of a large number after MONDAY, July 4th to issue the HONG- LONG TELEGRAFIE" SPECIAL ADVERTISE. MENT SHEET at Noos instead of its t Captain Lass, on behalf of himself and crew.
present. Several important alterations will also desires publicly to express his sincere thanks to
be made in the get-up of the sheet. In addition Captain Johnson of the trgu, to Captain Payne,ing items of late news, such as telegrams, local to the usual shipping information all the interest- of the Oaklands, and to the officers and men of occurrences, &, will be published. A special lives in oper boats, to rescue the crew of the ADVERTISEMENT SHEFT, Advertisements for the two vessels, who so generously risked their report of share and other important business op
to 11.30 A. M. wit appear
daily in the Strerai itemisia from their perilous position.
the morning sheet, which are inserted withost extra charge, must be handed in not later than TEAM. The SPECIAL ADVERTISEMENT SREET IN is issued GRATIS to all the Mercantile and Ship- on Tuesday night, 5.W. from the outer Lightshipping Houses, Chinese Hings, and places of proceeded down the river yesterday morning and public resurt, and is the Best and Cheapest sighted the masts of the Lucerne at 3.30 pm, Advertising Medium in the Colony, also the wreck of a ship ashore half a mile out-
"HONGKONG TELEGRAMÍ" OFFICE, side with bermain and fore masts gone, and only
6, PEDDAR'S HIL the stump of the mizen standing. The Fuhi
Hongkong, and July, 1881. steamet up as close to the wreck as the depth of
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Intimations.
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enormous masses of air thus continuously Bowing in towards the centre and ascend- It would, of course, be idletoexpect from ing in a whirl from the inner region is support hole, Allon board had thought the animal the researches of two or three years aplied as follows. The rising air, reaching was drowned and were glad to find it otherwise. Complete thesis of the grand but perplex the higher strata, moves, as has been des. The crew made up their minds to remain on the ing laws which regulate the formation and tribed, outwards from the centre, losing wreck and take their chance, as they did not movements of Typhoons. A subject so at these altitudes much of its warmth think the seainer or brig well be able to help large and complicated needs a much more and moisture, and descends at the peri- them for some time. The Paklands, however, lengthened inquiry than has yet been de-phery or euter limit of the storm, where, voted to it. Nor can the question ever he in consequence, we find it always relu- thoroughly mastered until active research lively cool and dry. Constant circulation has been extended to that very difficult is thus maintained. The cooling of the field, the upper strata of the atmosphere, warm, moist air, as it ascents in great which as yet is almost unexplored. The volumes to the upper regions from the in- praiseworthy labours of Mons. Derheyrens terior of the storm, and again the cooling have, however, placer us in possession of of the moist lower strata by the descent many facts and results calculater to in- of cold air at the outer limit. give terest, not only the world of science, it rise to great condensation, and account nearly every dweller and traveller in re- for those incessant and tremendous rains gions liable to visitation by Typhoons, Few which usually nevompany whirling storms. of the latter will have had the oppor
We have, then, for our conception of a tunity, still fewer the patience, to study his symmetrical and stationary Typhoon, avast valuable reports. We proceed accord-mass of air, presumably approaching a ingly to attempt the task of passing them cylindrical form, and rotating (near the under review, or, more correctly, perhaps, earth's surface) in a direction contrary to of laying before the reader a pries, as po that of watch-hands, with a spiral móve pular as we can make it. of the learned ment more or less inclined towards the Father's results, combined with other recentre. The velocity of rotation increases eent information on the general question. as the centre is approached, while the Let us, then, in the first place, try to ex-angleofthewind's inclination to the tangent, plain, as briefly and simply as a very and the barometric pressure, diminish in dificult and imperfectly known subject the same direction. The temperature is at will admit of, whit a Typhoon is, how it is the same time high, and the humidity ex- brought into existence, and how it spends ressive. The surface air is perpetually its life. The theory of rotatory storms pouring in to the centre, there rising in a (whether called cyclones, typhoons or hur-whirl, dowing cutwards in the higher re-water would allow, and Captain Roberts went inco A L ricanes), as laid down by the hatest autho-gions, and ultimately descending to the his "dingey" to the wreck. She proved to be rity may be popularly stated thus. If surface again at the stormi's periphery. the British barque Artemisia from Shanghai from any initial cause. interchanging mo. In the centre, or vortex, is a calm or nearly in Japan. Her deck had burst open and the COAL of the best quality nt moderate clase Curios. GOLD and SILVER JEWELRY scalp, which is the great cause of people losing tions are set up between the air in a cer- calm space, usually from about ten to tain district and another surroundling it, thirty miles in diameter, where the hold was full of water level with the deck. the effect of the earth's rotation is to cause pressure is at minimum. On the Houses, etc, were entirely swept away; her fare the air in the first or inner district to gyrate outskirts of this system, on the other mast was sticking in the mad underneath the round its centre, in a direction contrary to hand. in the region of the anti-cyclone, these bows. Ahesh S.E. wind was blowing at the that of watch-hands in the northern hemi-conditions are reversed. Here are invari- time, and the seas were breaking over the deck. HINCKED'S_HOTEL, sphere, and with watch-hands in the southern ably found high pressures, and air rela- He left the wreck at 6 p.m. and returned to the hemisphere. In the outer district these tively dry and cool; while the weather is usu Fuble at 9pm. The wind was increasing with movements are reversed, on the principle of ally clear, and the winds light or moderate, a heavy swell from the S.E. The male spoke the preservation of areas for moments). blowing with watch-hands and with an The effect of these two systems of contrary inclination outward from the centre,
the British barque Express bound in at 10.30. gyrations, especially in the upper strata of
p.m., and at Shanghai at 2 num. to-day. the atmosphere, which are less influenced by friction with the earth's surface than those below, is to draw the air from the centre of the inner district and from the exterior part of the outer district, and heap it up along the zone dividing the two. On this zone accordingly, which is the annular region where the gyratory velocity in one direction dies out and that in the other direction begins, the atmospheric pressure is greatest, while it is least at the centre and at the outermost limit; and the pres- the 31st July, the ship was found to be two miles fain Hando, lelt Kuchinati on the morning of THE CHEAPEST SHOP IN THE TRADE
The British barque Enifrust, 399 tons, Cap- sure from this accumulation tends to force the air near the earth's surface to the eastward of the E. Saddle, having been the 30th ult, bound for Shanghai with a cargo of out from beneath it. on the one side driven to leeward under shortened canvas. Cap. coals. Arrived in the river, the vessel alled towards the centre of the cyclone, and on tain Lass then ran back to Elliot Island, expect up and about 11 o'clock last night the captain the other towards the exterior limit of the ing a typhicon, as the glass was falling against proceeded to take in sail previous to anchoring outer district, or "Anticyclone." The the easterly wind. He found the vicinity of the This was done, and all sails having been furled gyrations once set up, two other forces Island 100 open a roadstead, and bore away for and the anchors got ready to let go, the vesel Come into play-centrifugal force, and Tungsha Lightship. This was at 3.30 p.m. The drifted up river, owing to the force of the streng friction of the moving air with the earth's weather was very thick and nothing could be seen. flood tide. This was near the Kiutoan Lightship, surface, the former tending to drive the air The vessel was then run in under the lead from near which the Fugeze had been anchored since still more from the inner district and so in-six to five fathoms. The second mate was sent 8.30 that evening. The barque ran foul of the crease the barometric depression there.
To be brief, the result of all the condi- aloft to keep a lookout, the Captain went for. Few at about 11.30 p.m., and got across her tions which affect the case is that, on and ward for the same purpose, while the first mate bows, striking with great force. After riding for near the earth's surface, the airof the inner watched the steering and the soundings. When a short timeon the steamer's cables and thumping district, instead of preserving a circular the vessel got into five fathoms, at 9 p.m., one hard against the bows, the Empress swung on movement, converges somewhat to the anchor was let go on 30 fathoms of chain, but the Fayew's port side and soon disappeared centre, flowing round and round in a spiral as the sea war so heavy, 15 fathoms more were She struck the steamer with her starboard side directed inward from the zone of maximum paid out. The Captain and second officer stopped with such force that she, the Empress, was est pressure. Under ordinary circumstances, up till midnight. At 11.30 p.m. soundings were through the side and deck nearly in to, the this inclination diminishes with the altitude, taken with 54 fathous. At 3 ani. on the 1st, the hatchway, and is believed to have sunk. The and it diminishes as the velocityof the wind mate also sounded, getting bottom at 5 fathoms. crew, consisting of the Captain, two mates, and increases, so that it is least nearthe centre At 4.30 a.m. the Captain was called, and the eleven Chinese sailors, succeeded in getting on of the storm, where, indeed, the winds, being second mate reported the ship touching the board the Fuyew, and were brought up to
ARRANGEMENTS have now been co of intense violence, are circular or very ground in two fathoms of water. The cable was Shanghai this morning. The crew did not have ing DIRECTORY REPORTS, BOOKS, pleted which will enable this Office to nearly so. It is greatest on the periphery love in to 15 fathoms and all sail was made, the time to save anything.
undertake all kinds of JOB PRINTING, Includ. of the typhoon, where, at great distances,
It is to be hoped that PAMPHLETS, BALL ROOM, and VISITING the convergence is often nearly directly ship heading S.E. by E. The cable was then the Shipwrecked Mariners' Society will assist CARDS, PROSPECTUSES, DEBIT NOTES, towards the centre. It is greater also on lipped and an effort made to sail off the ground, them. The Empress was chattered by a China- LARIS, PROGRAMMES BARNTERTAIN land than on the sea, owing to the increased but the vessel kept sagging astem and would not man, we believe, and was owned by the newly. I MENTS. TRADE CIRCULARS and RE of Advertisers is directed to the many advantages instant, to and through the United Kingdom and
answer her heim. The port anchor was then let established Shanghai Shipping Company, being valued on the books of the Company at Tis. put out, as by this time the vessel was filling fast 13,000. Captain Handro went down to the wreck and striking heavily and falling over on her star.
(To be continued.)
THE WRECK OF THE,
“ARTEMISIA."
་འ
Last evening, we gave a brief account of the less of the Artemisia, Captain lass, and are now in a position to furnish further particulars.
The Artemisia was outside the Saddles for
48 hours with the wind blowing froin E.N.E. with a sweeping sea from 5.E. At noon on Monday,
*The Typhony of the Chinese Song in thigear 18 by go, and all sails clewed up. The boats were also
Bf. Hocheren, S. J.
Idem, for 1831,
Yator. May ish and May 11th, 1982.
Mr. Willam Yerful, el Washington
is the Largest Hotel ever opened in Macao, SPLENDID ACCOMMODATION FOR FAMILIES AND VISITORS.
We would mention that all belonging to the wrecked ship have lost every thing they had the Captain only being able to save his watch and A the mate his certificate. We trust, therefore, that the Shipwrecked Mariners' Seciety here will take note of this-Courier.
LOSS OF THE BRITISH BARQUE "EMPRESS"
In the Ferds this morning.-Courier.
First Rate Table; capital attendance; Wines
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[302
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TO ADVERTISERS.
CHIPPING FIRMS, INSURANCE COM
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Hongkong, 1st Apríl, 1882.
PORTS, &c., &
6. Peddar's Hill, 1st March, 1882.
solicited
A MAIL, WILL CLOSE Por Singapore and London.-Per Glenroy, to- morrow, the 9th instant, at 11.30 AM.
For Shanghai.-Per Amey, to-morrow, the oth instant, at 3.30 PM..
instant, at 3.30 PM.
For Shanghai.--Per Pesang, to-morrow, the 9th
For Singapore, Brisbane, and Sydney-Per Oakdale, to-morrow, the 9th instant, at 5 P.,
For Shanghai.-Per Hesperia, on Thursday, the toth instant, at 3.30 P.M.
For Swatow, Amoy, & Foochow.-Per Thal on Friday, the 11th instant, at 11.30 A..
For Nagasaki and Kabc.-Per Migala Marų, on Friday, the 18th instant, at 3.30 P31.
For Nagasaki and Yokohama.-Per Banga | 1024, on Astulday, the 19th Instant, at 11.30 A
The Postal Guide published in 1879 being now somewhat out of date, a revised issue is printed in the Hongkang Directory and Hong List for the Far East for 1882, which super- sedes all previous editions,
MAILS BY THE FRENCH PÁCKET. The French Contract Packet "NATAL" will be despatched on THURSDAY, the roth instant, with Mails to and through the United Kingdom and Europe, vid Naples; to Saigon, Straits Settlements, Batavia, Hurmah, Ceylon, the Aus- tralasian Colonies, l'ondichery; Madras, Cal cutta, Aden, Egypt, Malta, and Gibraltar.
The usual hours will be observed in closing the Mails, &c.
MAILS BY THE UNITED STATES PACKET. The United States Mail Packet "Crvor ToxID" with Mails for Japas, San Francisco, the United will be despatched on SATURDAY, the 12th inst, States, Canada, Honolulu, Peru, &c., which will be closed as follows:-
At 11.15 A. Registry ceases.
At 11.30 A.M. Post-office closes, but Correspon dence may be posted on board the Packet with Late Fee of 10 cents extra Postage until the time of departure.
MAILS BY THE BRITISH PACKET. NON will be closed on THURSDAY, the 17th The Mails per British Contract Packet "SHAN-
Europe via Brindis; to the Straits Settlements, Batavia, Burmah, Ceylon, India, Aden, Mauri tius, Egypt, Malta, and Gibraltar.
N.B.This Packet carries no mails for the Australasian Colonies.
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