377
―
Table III.
B. Pestis, 24 Hours Broth Culture, at 37°C.
Time limit of Exposure.
Sample.
Dilution.
Minutes,
I in 100.
lin 200.
X
:
!
X
:
Carbolated Creasote,
1 in 400.
X
X
1 in 800.
1 in 1000.
Carbolic Acid,
1 in 100.
X
X
X
x.
:
Sub-cultures.
Period of Incubation.
¡Temperature.
10
:
48 hours.
37°C.
་་
دو
57
29
Carbolic Acid Co-efficient=8.
In regard to the other disinfectants, the same method was employed. It will be neces- sary therefore to give the tables in full. The following Carbolic Acid Co-efficients were .obtained
Micro-organism.
B. Typhosus,
Jeyes' Fluid.
C. A. Co-efficient.
2
B. Coli,
2
B. Pestis,....
7 or 8 (?)
Cyllin, [2 samples].
Micro-organism.
·C. A. Co-efficient.
No. 1.
No. 2.
B. Typhosus,
8
9
B. Coli,
8
8
B. Pestis,.
.15
20
Blackhead's Fluid, [2 samples]: 4. Co-eficient.
A.
No. 1.
Micro-organism.
B. Typhosus,
B. Coli,
B. Pestis,.
2 6
No. 2.
226
In conclusion, it is difficult, indeed well nigh impossible to obtain a means of disinfec- tion likely to be effectual in removing the germs of disease from our surroundings. The results, which have been obtained locally, and elsewhere, founded upon years of thorough application of the different means at our disposal for the eradication of plague and other infectious diseases, are not encouraging, and it is a matter of speculation at present, whether, apart from general cleansing, the employment of expensive chemical mixtures offers us a better chance of stamping out bacterial diseases. Of chemical disinfect- ants, their number is legion, and when tested in the laboratory against the gerins of disease, prove very effectual in their action. Some are more so than others, but no greater mistake can be made to expect such chemical preparations to exert the same efficiency in general house-to-house cleansing and disinfection. It is upon these and other grounds that one is rendered very sceptical as to encouraging wholesale expenditure upon expensive prepara- tions.
7. Trachoma amongst the Chinese. This disease is well worthy of a special enquiry in Hongkong. Its ravages amongst the Chinese are well known. Trachoma, which in the past has wrought such havoc amongst large collections of human beings, e.g., in 1499. when Louis VIII entered Naples and in 1798 when Napoleon Bonaparte won the battle of
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