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Appendix A.

Results of XV Years' meteorological observations made at the Hongkong Observatory.

In Appendix B to my annual report for the year 1893 (Observations and Researches in 1893 p. 20) are given ten years' means for the daily variation of the meteorological elements. The follow- ing table shows the fifteen years' means of the annual and monthly values of the meteorological elements. It also shows the probable upper and lower limits of certain of those values, so determined that in future years the actual values observed are as likely to fall outside as they are to fall within those limits. For instance, the mean temperature of January 1897 being 63°.1, by inspecting the following table, where the upper limit is given as 61.1 for January, we learn that this month was unusually warm in 1897,-but the total rainfall for June 1896 being 18.630 inches while the upper probable limit for June is 22.792, we learn that this month was not unusually wet in 1896,-or the total rain-fall for May 1885 being 4,860, while the lower limit for the month is 5.178 shows that May was unusually dry in 1885. By applying the laws of chance a number of probabilities can be deter- mined when such limits are known

Mean pressure,

Upper limit,

Lower limit,

Mean pressure red. to

M.S.L.,

Mean pressure red. to

Jan.

Table XI.

Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug.

Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Year.

30.041 30.014 29.938 29.843 29.750 29.652 29.626 29.643 29.712 29.869 29.988| 30.064 29.845

30.070 30.042 20.956 29.859 29.765 29.682 29.052 29.668 29.745 29.893 30.020 30.092 29.854

30.012 29.976 29.920 29.827 29.735 29.622 29.600 29.618 29.679 29.845 29.956 30.036 29.836

30.159 30.132 30.955 29.958 29.863 29.764 29.738 29.755| 29.824 29.982 30.103 30.181 29.959

M.S.L. and to 45°, lat. 30.103 30.076 29.999) 29.902| 29.807] 29.708| 29.682) 29.699| 29.768 29.926 30.047 30.125 29.903

Maximum.

Minimum,

Barometric tide,....

Mean temperature,

Upper limit,

Lower limit,

Mean maximum,.

Upper limit,

30.367 30.390 30.308 30.158 30.015 29.880 29.882 29.851 29.984 30.157 30.311 30 444 30.414

29.686| 29.421| 29.552| 29.576| 29.447 29.284 28.762| 29.088| 28.876| 29.089| 29.575|29.757 28.762

0.107 0.100 0.103 0.093 0.085 0.071 0.068 0.073 0.080 0.001 0.102 0.109 0.091

59.7 57.7 62.0 69.9 76.6 80.7 81.6 81.0 80.4 76.2 69.2 62.4 71.5

61.1 60.0 63.31 71.0 77.7 $1.4 82.2 81.4 $1.1 77.8 70.1 63.7 72.0

58.3 55.4 61.1

68.8 75.5 80.0 81.0 80.0 79.7 75.11 68.8 61.1 71.0

64.1 61.7 66.4 745 81.2 85.2 86.2 86.0 85.3 80.7 71.8 67.5 76.1

66.0 64.6 67.6 75.7 $2.2 $6.0 87.1 36.6 80.0

82.0 75.2 68.5 76.7

Lower limit,

Mean minimum,

Upper limit,

Lower limit,

54.6

Maximum,.

Minimum,

Mean daily range,

Mean humidity,

Upper limit,

7.7 7.7 7.8 8.2

85 83 E3 83

87

85 84 85 84

62.2 58.8 65.2 73.3 80.2 84.4 85.8 $5.4 84.6 79.4 73.4 66.5! 75.5

50.0 54,5 58.9 66.71 73.5 77.4 78.0 77.3 76.6 72.5 65.3 58.3 67.9

57.4 50.6 60.0 67.7 74.4 78.0 78.7 77.7 77.5 73.7 66.3 59.8 68.3

52.4 57.8 65.7 72.6 76.8 77.3 70.9 75.7 71.3 64 3 56.8 67.5

79.2 79.0 82.1 88.6 91.5 93.6 94.0 92.9 94.0 93.8 85.0 81.9 04.0

32.0 40,3 45.9

8.1 7.21 7.4

74 79 84

78 81 87

55.6 64.1 69.2 72.1 71.6 05.6) 60.8 50.6 40.7 32.0

8.7

8.7 8.3 9.0 9.9 8.2

83

77

71 65 64

80

75

69 691

888 28

78

79

Lower limit,

70 77 81 83

க

$1

82 81 82

74 67 61

59

77

Minimum,

5! 11 24 201 35 34

47 46 25

13

22 10

5

Mean vapour tension,

Upper limit,

Lower limit,

0.391 0.390 0.460 0.633 0.772 0.873 0.892 0.880 0.800 0.648 0.477 0372 0.634

0.416 0.423 0.505 0.062 0.805 0.888 0906 0.891 0.838 0.702 0.516 0.413 0.648

0.366 0.357 0.455 0.604 0.739 0.858 0.878 0.869 0.762 0.594 0.438 0.331 0.620