RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1989
https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/8336pm92h
183

January 27 1874 William Suter's Incompatibility of Temper and Tom Taylor's Masks and Faces or Before and Behind the Curtain opened the season in the New Lyceum Theatre. This one lasted much longer than its predecessor, indeed, until 1929 when it was sold to be resuscitated in the French Concession in 1931.

——

But to return to pre-1867 conditions, some final notes should be added. Shanghai saw its first tentative steps in lighting its streets with gas in 1865 which was no luxury as the state of the roads was often rather dubious. Lighting in the theatre therefore, both the auditorium and the stage, was by means of either candles or oil lamps, the danger and inadequacies of which require no further comment.

—

Regulation of the climate in the hall was also difficult. Temperatures in Shanghai can be as low as 12°C in January and as high as 40°C in June-August. In order not to deter the audience, heating had to be provided in winter, which was duly advertised: "Thoroughly warmed with splendid stoves", whereas in summer which was certainly in the early years an unusual time for entertainment - one could read that "to obviate the excessive heat of a crowded house, the Company beg to state that they have had two large Punkahs hung and have otherwise improved the ventilation" (a punkah was a large rectangular fan suspended from the ceiling and moved by servants).

Performances started generally at 8 o'clock or 8.30 (even 9) (1864-1865) and entry prices were $3 for the best seats and $2 for the other ones (back seats and gallery) (The Mexican dollar, one of the currencies used in Shanghai, fluctuated in value, but may be said to have been worth about 4/6 during these years — so no "shilling gallery" here).

In addition to the godown theatres there were a number of other localities where artistic entertainment occurred in 1865. On February 23 1865 a concert was given at the Astor House Hotel. This hotel had been founded by an American, D.C. Jansen, in 1860 and it was situated in a part of the Settlement known as Hongkew (or American Settlement), north of the Soochow Creek, near the bridge. It was destined to become one of the most famous hotels in Shanghai and it was rebuilt several times. But in 1865 it was still a low construction. Other concerts, on October 17 1864, February 15 and March 1865, were given at the Shanghai Club, a redoubtable pillar of society located at the southern end of the Bund where it was opened in 1864. It was built in a neoclassical
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RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1989
https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/8336pm92h
240

RODWELL, James Thomas Gooderham (d. 1825)

"A Race for Dinner" (15.4.1828). P: Announced in March 1854 but not performed. "The Young Widow or A Lesson for Lovers" (1.11.1824), P: 27.4.1865

SELBY, Charles (1802?-1863)

"The Boots at the Swan" (5.4.1843). P: 14.12.1865

**A Fearful Tragedy in the Seven Dials". P: 15.2.1860

**A Lady and a Gentleman in a Peculiarly Perplexing Predicament" (9.8.1841), P: 13.2.1864

**The Unfinished Gentleman'' (1.12.1834). P: 17.6.1865

SHAKESPEARE, William (1564-1616)

"King John" (1594–1596). P: 12.11.-18.11.1864 (Prison scene, Act IV.1 only) **Richard III" (1592-1593). P: 26.4.1865 (Act V only)

SHERIDAN, Richard Brinsley (1751 1816)

**The Rivals" (17.1.1775). P: 28.9.1858; 23.11.1864

SUTER, William E. (1812-1882)

? "Lady Audley's Secret" (22.2.1863). P: 28.12.1864

TALFOURD, Francis (1827-1862)

"A Household Fairy" (24.12.1859), P: 26.11.1864

TAYLOR, Tom (1817-1880)

? "Cinderella" (12.5.1845). P: 12.11.-18.11.1864; 28.4.1865 "Still Waters Run Deep" (3.3.1856). P: 23.4.1857; 15.3.1860

TOBIN, John (1770-1804)

? "The Honeymoon" (31.1.1805). P: 19.4.1865

TOWNLEY, Rev. James (1714-1778)

"High Life below Stairs" (31.10.1759), P: 21.4.1851

WEBSTER, Benjamin Nottingham (1797-1882)

? "Aurora Floyd' (11.3.1863). P: 26.11.1864; 17.4.1865

? "The Golden Farmer or the Last Crime" (26.12.1832). P: 8.10.1857

WILLIAMS, Thomas John (1824-1874)

"Nursery Chickweed" (12.11.1859), P: 28.3-5.4.1865

"On and Off" (6.6.1861). P: 25.4.1864

APPENDIX II

An alphabetical list of plays staged in Shanghai 1850-1865

The Adventures of Bonnie Prince Charlie or the Rising of 1745: N.N.; 13.6.1864.

Aladdin or the Wonderful Scamp: H.J. Byron; 2.9.1864, 19.11.1864, 29.4.1865,

Anything for a Change: C.W. Brooks; 15.5.1854.

Apartments: W. Brough; 23.3.1853.

The Area Belle: W. Brough & A. Halliday; 30.9.1865.

Attic Story: J.M. Morton; 6.5.1852.

Aurora Floyd: C.S. Cheltnam? C.H. Hazlewood? J.B. Johnstone? B. Webster? 26.11.1864, 17.4.1865.
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RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1994
https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/zk522640g
52

establish a branch there of the new Deutsch Bank. Mr. Mammelsdorf to take charge in Yokohama. A special branch will be opened in Hong Kong. Both of these gentlemen were formerly in the Comptoir as was also Mr. Wallach who will take charge at Berlin. Mr. Probst, formerly of Pustau and Co. takes the branch at Hamburg. At Bremen will be Mr. Van der Heyde, formerly of Behre, Meyer and Co Singapore."

At the same time as the Deutsch Bank was in the process of opening offices in China, the Deutsche National Bank of Bremen was organised and appointed Melchers and Co. their agent in Hong Kong and Siemssen and Co. their agent in Shanghai (DP 29 June 1872).

The Deutsch-Asiatische Bank was registered at the Imperial German Consulate in Shanghai on 15 May 1889. In 1905, M. Hemann, the manager of the Hong Kong branch of the Bank was succeeded by Hugo Suter (DP 17 July 1905). The Bank redeveloped in 1913 the property on Queen's Road which it had occupied since 1901. The building, of modern renaissance style "on chaste and simple lines", was occupied for only a few months before it had to shut its doors with the outbreak of hostilities between England and Germany (SCMP 14 Aug. 1913, HKT 6 Jan. 1914). The building was purchased from the liquidators in 1917 by Sir Paul Chater for $355,000 (SCMP 14 Aug. 1917).

From the time of the organization of the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation in 1864 to 1914 there were Germans on the Board of the Bank. Woldemar Nissen of Siemssen and Co. was on the Provisional Committee. Another member of the Provisional Committee was Waldemar Schmidt, whose name sounds German, a partner in the English firm of Fletcher and Co. In May 1868 Julius Menke of William Pustau and Co. joined the Board. With the failure of William Pustau and Co. in 1877 the firm was no longer represented. But in the meantime Hermann Melchers of Melchers and Co. was elected to a seat on the Board in 1872. The bank was watchful that the British interests should not be swamped by German and American, Arnhold, Karbegg and Co. had a representative on the board from 1888 and Carlowitz and Co. from 1875. In 1914 all the firms mentioned, but William Pustau and Co., had a partner on the Bank (Dr. King's detailed history of the bank has lists of the directors for each year).
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RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1995
https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/95941j25g
175

there are rainwater catchments discharging into underground water storage tanks.

Outer defences consist of a dannert or barbed wire topped chain link fence, slit trenches, barbed wire entanglements, and at some locations concrete bunkers sunk into the hillside. Dense thickets and tangled undergrowth form a natural defence outside the perimeter. A later Police Commissioner, Charles Sutcliffe, who came to Hong Kong from Tanganyika, had the idea of improving the natural defences by planting the Mauritius or Cape Thorn. His idea was to cultivate the thorn all along the border fences and around the observation posts as a general security measure. The plan was not successful as the plant did not grow very well and in most areas never really developed as expected.

The man who gave his name to the new observation posts and whose idea it was to build them, was Duncan William MacIntosh, C.M.G., O.B.E., who assumed command of the Hongkong Police Force on Nov. 22, 1946. At the age of sixteen he joined the Royal Irish Constabulary in 1920 and served with that force until 1922 when he joined the Airdrie Burgh Police. In 1929 he was appointed an Inspector of Police in the Straits Settlements and was interned in Singapore during the occupation. After the war he became Acting Commissioner of Singapore Police, from where he was posted as Commissioner to Hong Kong in 1946.

Commissioner Macintosh was responsible for reorganising the Hong Kong Police Force after the liberation, and to him goes the credit for laying the foundations on which so much of the present efficiency of the force depends. One of his most important tasks was to improve the low morale among the men under his charge. He set about this by beginning a long battle to upgrade police pay, conditions of service, and above all living accommodation. He also concentrated on improving professional standards, and reorganised the Police Training School. He succeeded in his efforts in boosting morale, improving recruitment, and established an esprit-de-corps essential to the running of an efficient police force.

After leaving Hong Kong in 1953 on retirement, Mr. MacIntosh accepted appointment as Adviser to the Iraqi Police and spent some time in Baghdad. He died at his home in Surrey, England on September
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