RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1971 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/z029vt43g 233 HOPKINSON, Mrs. J. E. HORSTMANN, Mrs. C. HOTUNG, E. E. HOWARD, W. 1.* HOWARTH, Richard H. - HOWE, D. H. HOWE, Mrs. P. M. - HOWNAM-MEEK, R, S. HOWORTH, J. F. + HOYNINGEN-HUENE, Baron Ture von HSIA, Tung-Pei HUGHES, G. M. + - HUGHES, Mrs. G. M.* - HUI, Miss Wai-haan HUNG, Chiu-sing HURT, Miss E. J. - HUTSON, P. E. INGLES, Miss J. M. IRETON, Mrs. P. H.* IU, Miss S.* JEN, Prof. Yu-wen JENNER, J. P. JOHNSON, G. E. JOHNSTON, James J. JONES-PARRY, Rupert 7 12, Mt. Nicholson Gap, H.K. 104 Ocean Terminal, Kowloon. 10 Stanley Street, H.K. P. O. Box 282, H.K. American Consulate General, 26 Garden Road, H.K. Flat 2, Coombe Apts., 15 Coombe Road, The Peak, H.K. Unknown. c/o Midland Bank Ltd., St. Mary Street, Weymouth, Dorset, England, c/o Leigh & Orange, Room 2015 Union House, H.K. 9-A Stanley Beach Road, H.K. P.O. Box No. 20027, 1 Hennessy Road Post Office, H.K. c/o American International Assurance Co., Ltd. AIA Building, I Stubbs Road, H.K. As above. c/o Dept. of Chemistry, University of Hong Kong H.K. 48 Headland Road, H.K. c/o Skilts Residential School, Gorcott Hill, Nr. Redditch, Wores., England. c/o H.K. & Shanghai Banking Corpn., P.O. Box 64, H.K. Government House Lodge, Garden Road, H.K. P.O. Box 362, Langley, Washington, 98260. U.S.A. c/o Grantham Hospital, Aberdeen, H.K. 2, Stafford Road, Kowloon, c/o International Bank of Commerce, Central Building, 1st floor, H.K. c/o Dept. of Anthropology & Sociology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver 8, B.C., Canada. P.O. Box 65, Marshall, Arkansas 72650. U.S.A. Longman Group (Far East) Ltd., P.O. Box 223, H.K. 3 Life Member Please notify the Hon. Secretary of any inaccuracy ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1975 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/j0995146d CAPTIVE SURGEON IN HONG KONG 263 had taken over the civil administration for the time being. The Admiral cheered us all up by saying that his hospital ship could take 600 patients and he had asked for another hospital ship as well. A Canadian warship, the Prince Rupert, took some Canadians and all our sisters off to supper in the ship. I worked up to 2.30 a.m. preparing lists for the use of our Military Headquarters in Sham Shui Po and also the details of our hospital patients awaiting evacuation. On 31 August a naval doctor arrived as a liaison officer and I called on Surgeon-Captain Willoughby the P.M.O. in the hospital ship Oxfordshire. Some tough-looking marines commandeered transport and we transferred 101 patients to the hospital ship at once. At this time my diary records that we had ample food but I was dead tired and the P.M.O. very kindly asked me to stay in the Oxfordshire as he seemed to think I needed a rest. This was most considerate of him but there was still much to be done. Willoughby wanted the Q.A. sisters to sail also in the Oxfordshire with the patients, but Miss Dyson objected strongly and rightly won her point. The rest of the patients embarked in the hospital ship also and we provided case notes for all such patients. A Group-Captain R.A.F. came to the hospital to take it over for R.A.F. use, but our army sisters remained with us to their, and our, delight. A very senior R.A.F. combatant officer took some joy telling me that those of us who had wives at home were in for some nasty shocks for most of these had gone badly astray during the war. He did not say how their husbands had conducted themselves. The Indian Hospital seemed to be well under control and Major Evans told me he had 314 patients in hospital, about 85% of whom had manifestations of pellagra, and I was able to help by supplying some drugs. The ship's P.M.O. Willoughby advised the Admiral that the Oxfordshire should go direct to the United Kingdom to avoid having to tranship patients in Manila, and the ship thereupon accepted another 90 patients and was replaced by the New Zealand hospital ship, Monganui, of which the P.M.O. was Bennett. On 3 September I crossed the harbour and recovered all my buried records from Bowen Road, and I went from there to Shau Ki Wan where I found no trace of the possessions of any of our men who had been killed at the army medical store near there. They had been buried in craters behind the Salesian. I could not get transport ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1976 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/hq382988q 144 W. A. REYNOLDS truck so that the payload of 2 tons was the maximum. However, by 1944 the charcoal trucks were being operated successfully over the Luhsien road with its high altitude as well as all the other routes. Charcoal was obtainable in most villages and was cheap in the mountain areas and the cost, per ton carried, was 1/5 of that of alcohol. The charcoal burners carried the major load of supplies through 1944 and the first part of 1945. The successful Burma campaign of autumn 1944, the opening of the Ledo road and the petrol pipeline laid along it made a great difference to the Unit transport systems. Not only was the Unit allocated 25 Canadian W.D. 3-ton Dodge trucks in the summer of 1945 from ARC and UNRAA, but it was also able to obtain P.O.L. (Petrol, Oil and Lubrication) supplies from the US army free of charge. To quote from a letter written 10/6/45 “It was a great moment when at Kunming, Rupert (Stanley) and I drove up in a truck to the P.O.L. station and pulled up beside a real petrol pump (and bright red at that too) and said to the Sergeant "Fill'er up" and he filled her up to the tune of 22 gallons US. When I told him it was 34 years since I'd done that he registered the usual GI amazement that anyone could stand the place that long”. System Performance The cargo carried by the system was in three categories: Medical and Relief supplies for NHA, IRC, ARC etc.; FAU maintenance and fuel supplies; and return cargoes. The Government transport administration ruled that no trucks should travel empty and on return journeys must take Government, usually military, cargoes. The Unit had a special pass, as a Christian pacifist organization, exempting it from taking soldiers or weapons and instead usually had cargoes of salt from the Yangtse valley south to Kweichow and Yunnan. The system performance figures in terms of kilometre tons for the 4 years, as far as they are at present available, are given in Table VII. The number of trucks available on average through the years are given, and from this it will be seen that the operating efficiency in terms of kilometre tons per truck per year steadily increased. This was due to:--- 1) increased efficiency of the Charcoal truck operations, more than compensating for the deterioration of the diesel trucks ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1990 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/d79206299 256 The Swire Group Swire News (various) Union Corner, (booklet of Union Insurance Society of Canton Ltd.) Watson's Calendar 1897 REPORTS, PAPERS AND FACT SHEETS Bard, S.M., Foreign Trade and Traders in Early British Hong Kong (1988) Hong Kong: The Facts (various Government fact sheets) Leeds, P.F., The Development of Public Transport in Hong Kong Review (November 1974) NEWSPAPERS, SUPPLEMENTS AND PERIODICALS An Historical Art catalogue, excerpts mentioning the Watson family (undated, details unknown) The Asia Magazine Asian Finance Building Journal Hong Kong, Ire (no. 2 Feb. 1990) Hong Kong Standard (various) *A New Era for Swire Travel, Hong Kong Standard Special Publication (31 October 1974) 'New Lane Crawford House', Souvenir Magazine to Commemorate the Opening of New Lane Crawford House, Hong Kong Standard/Sing Tao Jih Pao (June 1977) Newspaper clippings, Hong Kong Public Records (various) South China Morning Post (various) South China Morning Post 75 Years (1978) '139 Years of Temptation', South China Morning Post Supplement (15 March 1989) LETTERS TO THE AUTHOR From: Mr Rupert S.C. Li (Swindon Book Company) The Royal Society, London Standard Chartered Bank ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1994 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/zk522640g 200 Fairbank, John King. The United States and China, Cambridge (Mass) Harvard University Press, 1948 The Missionary Enterprise in China and America, Cambridge (Mass) Harvard University Press, 1974 Fairbank, John K, Katherine Frost Brunet, and Elizabeth MacLeod Matheson, eds, The IG in Peking. Letters of Robert Hart, Chinese Maritime Customs 1868–1907, 2 vols, Cambridge (Mass) Harvard University Press, 1975 Fay, Peter Ward, The Opium War 1840-1842, Chapel Hill University of North Carolina Press, 1975 Fenn, William P. The Effect of the Japanese Invasion on Higher Education in China, Kowloon China Institute of Pacific Relations, 1940 Christian Higher Education in Changing China 1880-1950, Grand Rapids (Mich), William B Eerdmans, 1976 Ferguson, Mary E. China Medical Board and Peking Union Medical College a Chronicle of Fruitful Collaboration, 1914-1951, New York China Medical Board of New York, 1970 Feuerwerker, Albert, The Foreign Establishment in China in the Early Twentieth Century. Ann Arbor University of Michigan press, 1947 -, 'The Foreign Presence in China', Cambridge History of China, vol 12, 128-207 Fishbourne, Edmund Gardiner 1811-1887 (Captain), Impressions of China, and the Present Revolution Its Progress and Prospects, London Seeley et al, 1855 Fisher, Arthur A'Court (Lt Col), Personal Narrative of Three Years' Service in China. London Richard Bentley, 1863. Fisher, Emil Sigmund, Travels in China 1894-1940. Tientsin Tientsin press, 1941 Fitch, Janet. Foreign Devil, Reminiscences of a China Missionary's Daughter 1909-1935, San Francisco Chinese Materials Center, 1981 Fleming, George. Travels on Horseback in Manchu Tartary, London Hurst and Blackett, 1863 Fleming, Peter, News From Tartary a Journey from Peking to Kashmir. 1936 (Los Angeles Reprint JP Tarcher, 1982) One's Company, New York Scribners 1934 - The Siege at Peking. London Rupert Hart-Davis, 1959 (Hong Kong Reprint Oxford University Press) ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-2001 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/zg651950g 222 APPENDIX - THE LAST-NIGHT PARTY IN PARO Programme: 1. Introduction and limericks - Robert Nield 2. Extract from 'HMS Pinafore' - Jenny Wu and Rupert McCowan 3. Some Welsh songs - Ian and Jean Wilson 4. Amazing conjuring tricks - Charles Slater 5. Extract from 'The Yeomen of the Guard' - Jenny Wu and Robert Nield 6. Some songs from Old Jamaica - Ian Wilson 7. 'McPherson's Lament' - Chris Coghlan 8. 'The Wild Rover' - Ian Edwards 9. Another extract from 'HMS Pinafore' - Jenny Wu and Rupert McCowan 10. 'Albert and the Lion' - Robert Nield 11. Some North Country culture - Marlene Courbert 12. The Police Song - Russell Harding ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-2001 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/zg651950g 224 Is that they're not the sort To ever be thought of as frantic. 13 Diana and Charles This group of ours includes all manner Of people. There's one who's a spanner. There's no end of ditches He's spanned with his bridges. His wife's quite nice too - that's Diana. 15 Giovanna C'è anche una bella signora Da Padova in Italia, allora. She 'as a bag-a, più grande. She say: 'Is a-very ‘andy, Whenever I go on a tour-a.' 17 Jenny Shopping, and more shopping yet. She'll be at it tomorrow, I'll bet. With her hats and her scarves She don't do things by halves. But remember, it's a very small jet. 19 Christopher A classical scholar, a star, He's been high and low, near and far. He's come quite a journey, This pukka attorney. He'd go anywhere if called to the bar. 21 Brian On account of her glasses, But what does she say? 'No thank 'ee.' 14 Alan There is one other engineer, From whom every day you will hear: 'It's better by far With the KCR.' But not in Bhutan, I fear. 16 Helen and Ian Australia has regulations. It's one of those fussier nations. But he wants to take back The tail end of a yak. Says she: "This will strain our relations." 18 Rupert There is one geographical gent Who has quite a musical bent. He gets his horn off the shelf And plays with himself. NO - BY himself, that's what I meant. 20 Felicity The style of this lady is simplicity. So calm, yet so much tenacity. She has to be so. It's her husband, y'know You all know her name - it's Felicity! 22 Robert I've been up I didn't have time to do me. half the night, y'see. There is one chap who's made our lives hell, For he's constantly ringing his bell. But his job's been quite tough With a group that's so rough. Napoleon - we all think you're swell! But I suppose if I must I could... maybe... just. Leave it with me a while and we'll see. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-2002 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/mp4901278 The EIC and relations with the Malay states In the merchants' own words, 'The Supreme Government of India had uniformly discouraged the local Government at Singapore from interfering with matters beyond the limits of the Island. The cultivation of friendly relations with Native States and Chiefs has been neglected.'44 In this section, I will examine the merchants' reasons for this complaint, and also assess the accuracy of their claim. Rupert Emerson, a historian, calls the period during the Indian government's administration of the Straits Settlements 'a half-century of inactivity.' This is arguably the truth but not the whole truth, because DGE Hall, another historian, tends to disagree with Emerson's assertion. He says that 'one only has to glance through the many volumes of records relating to the period to realise that even if there was little or no spectacular achievement there was plenty of activity.' 'Even if by inactivity is meant the pursuit of non-intervention policy in native affairs, the term is misleading. Page 48 The Calcutta administration, wherever possible, adhered to a policy of strict non-intervention in the affairs of the Malay States. This policy had its roots in Pitt's India Act of 1784,49 which stipulated that the EIC's aim was peace, not interference in local politics or extension of the company's territories.50 The main reason for this policy was to avoid any form of entanglement in the internal troubles or wars of the Peninsula which could incur unnecessary expenses for the EIC,51 As it was, the EIC had lost its monopoly over the China trade in 1833 and, with this, the Straits Settlements ceased to be a source of direct profits, and were maintained at an annual loss.52 Page 51 Yet despite the law on non-intervention, there was evidence that in some cases concerning threats to British interests, whether commercial, political or involving prestige, local administrators often found it necessary to intervene. In such cases, the actions were often condoned by the Supreme Government. Thus, there was a violation of Pitt's India Act (which eventually did lead to the change in British policy of non-intervention to intervention in 1874),54 Page 53 Thio summarises the politico-legal scenario thus: ...when responsibility for the Straits was transferred from the Government of India to the Colonial Office in 1867, the British were already bound by treaties with four of the five states south of Kedah, two of whom they Page 75 Page 76 ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-2002 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/mp4901278 16 XIX, Belgian Treaty Art. XLIV; Spanish Treaty Art. XVI; Italian Treaty Art. XIX, quoted from Fox, British Admirals and Chinese Pirates 1832-1869 4 Turnbull, supra, p 255 4 Buckley, An Anecdotal History of Old Times in Singapore pg 756; The Straits Times and Singapore Journal of Commerce, 13 Oct 1857 "Emerson Rupert, Malaysia - A Study in Direct and Indirect Rule, Chap 2. p 91 46 Hall DGE, A History of South East Asia, p 511 47 Ibid, p 511 * Mills LA, British Malaya 1824 – 1867 49 Act 24th George III Cap 25; 174 NB: This act was retained until 1858, when England assumed full control of India. However, the policy of non-intervention in the Malay States still continued until 1874. 50 Philips, The East India Company 1784 - 1834, Chap 2, p 32 si Purcell, Malaya, Outline of a Colony, Chap 6 p 70; Jones, Public Administration in Malaya, Chap I p 8 52 Mills, supra, p 174 Tan DE, A Portrait of Malaysia and Singapore, Chap 9 p 119 54 However, it should be made clear that in the pre-1874 era, the nature of intervention was limited. Though there were cases of British intervention in the Malay States, their actions were “inactive” or passive. The governors were often reminded of the official non-intervention policy, and this policy remained unchanged until 1874, when a new law (the Pangkor Engagement) was observed. Cases of non-intervention The EIC's non-intervention policy started from the earliest years of British rule ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-2002 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/mp4901278 26 Elias, TO, 1962, British Colonial Law, Stevens & Sons, London Elton, Lord, 1945, Imperial Commonwealth, Collins, London Emerson, Rupert, (1937) 1966 Malaysia, A Study of Direct and Indirect Rule. University of Kuala Lumpur Press, Kuala Lumpur Fox, Grace, 1940, British Admirals and Chinese Pirates 1832 - 1869, Kegan Paul, Trench Trubner & Co Ltd, London Freedman, Maurice, 1950, 'Colonial Law and Chinese Society' in Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 80 Friedman, Lawrence M, 1964, 'Law and its Language', George Washington Law Review 33 Furnival, JS, 1956, Colonial Policy and Practice, New York University Press, New York Ginsburg, N, and Robers, C F, 1958, Malaya, University of Washington Press, Seattle Greenburg, Michael, 1951, British Trade and the Opening of China 1800 to 1842, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Gullick, JM, 1964, Malaya, (2nd edition), Ernest Benn Ltd, London Hall, D G E, 1975, A History of South East Asia, (3rd edition), Macmillan Press Ltd Hall, 1937, The Colonial Office, a History, London Hickling, R H, 1992, Essays in Singapore Law, Pelanduk Publications (M) Sdn Bhd, Malaysia Hooker, MB, 1976, The Personal Laws of Malaysia. An Introduction. Oxford University Press Hooker, MB, 1969, "The Relationship between Chinese Law and Common Law in Malaysia, Singapore and Hong Kong', Journal of Asian Studies 28 ================================================================================