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ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY

HONG KONG BRANCH

List of Members on the 30th April 1964

Patron: His Excellency Sir David Trench, K.C.M.G., M.C.

Honorary Members:

His Excellency Sir Robert Black, G.C.M.G., O.B.E.

J. L. Cranmer-Byng, M.C., M.A. Dept. of History, University of Toronto,

Sidney Smith Hall, Toronto 5, Canada.

Members:

ABRAHAM, R. D.*

AIDE-DECAMP, The

AKERS-JONES, D.

ALLEYNE, Mrs. E. L.

ANDERSON, H. M. Miss

ARMERDING, L. E.*

BADAMS, P. W. M.

BAHR, Mrs. Kay

BAIRD, J. W.

BAKER, Mrs. Ann.

BAKER, W. E.

BARD, Dr. S. M.

BARNETT, K. M. A.

BARON, D. W. B.

BARR, J. S.

BARRY, Comdr. R. S.

BASHALL, Mrs. C. G.

BASTICK, Capt. W. G.

BASTO, G. de

41, Island Road, Deep Water Bay, H.K.

Government House, Garden Road, H.K.

c/o District Office, Yuen Long, N.T.

University of Hong Kong, Pokfulum, H.K.

14, Chater Hall, 1 Conduit Road, H.K.

11, Creasy Road, Jardine's Lookout, H.K.

c/o H.K. & Shanghai Bank, H.K. (Trustee) Ltd.

Shell House, 6th floor, H.K.

4. Abermor Court, May Road, H.K.

c/o Jardine, Matheson & Co., Ltd. H.K.

23, Coombe Road, H.K.

c/o The H.K. Electric Co., Ltd.

P. O. Box 915, H.K.

Hong Kong University, Pokfulum, H.K.

P. O. Box 248, H.K.

30 Severn Road, H.K.

Chung Chi College, Ma Liu Shui, N.T.

c/o The Hong Kong Club, H.K.

c/o H.M. Prison, Stanley, H.K.

Camp Office, Victoria Barracks, H.K.

BENANZIO, Dr. M.

604 Fu House, 7 Ice House Street, H.K.

c/o Italian Embassy, Djalan Diponegoro 47,

Djakarta, Indonesia,

* Life Member

Please notify the Hon. Secretary of any inaccuracy

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LIST OF MEMBERS

ORDINARY MEMBERS:

AIDE-DE-CAMP, The

AKERS-JONES, D.

ALLCOCK, R. C.

ANDERSON, J. S.

ARCHER, Hon. Mrs. S.

ARSAN, Ahmet

ARSAN, Mrs. Karin

AU, K. N.

BAKER, Dr. Hugh

BARD, Dr. S. M.

BARR, J. W.

BARRETT, Father Cyril, SJ.

BARROW, Mr. & Mrs. John F.

BATE, H. M.

Government House, Garden Road, H.K.

Island House, Taipo, N.T.

Department of Law, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, H.K.

Diocesan Boys' School, 131, Argyle Street, Kowloon.

41, Stubbs Road, Apt. 21, H.K.

First Chicago Hong Kong Ltd., Rooms 4004-9, Connaught Centre, H.K.

43, Stubbs Road, Flat C-1, H.K.

c/o Grantham College of Education, Gascoigne Road, Kowloon.

c/o Govt. Training Division, Lee Gardens, 2nd floor, H.K.

University Health Service, University of Hong Kong, H.K.

E9, Repulse Bay Towers, 119A, Repulse Bay Road, H.K.

Wah Yan College, Queen's Road, East, H.K.

Room 362, Central Govt. Offices, Lower Albert Road, H.K.

c/o Caritas House, 2, Caine Road, H.K.

BENNETT, Mrs. Patricia M.

BENNISON, Larry L.

BIRCH, Dr. Alan

BLAIKLEY, P. E.

BLAKE, Mrs. Doreen

BORGEEST, Gus

BRAUN, F.

BRIDGES, G. A.

BRIGGS, The Hon. Sir Geoffrey, Q.C.

BROADBENT, Miss Margaret

BROUWER, Mrs. R. P.

BRUMMERSTED, D. A.

BUCHANAN, Dr. A. J. C.

BULLEN, J. B.

3, Coombe Road, H.K.

Caltex Oil, G.P.O. Box 147, H.K.

Department of History, University of Hong Kong, H.K.

19D, Vienna Court, Realty Gardens, 41, Conduit Road, H.K.

c/o Paul Y. Construction Co., Bank of Canton Building, 18th floor, H.K.

P.O. Box 1058, H.K.

8, Kotewall Road, 4th floor, H.K.

B-3, United College Staff Residence, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T.

Courts of Justice, H.K.

The Helena May, Garden Road, H.K.

A3, Repulse Bay Mansions, H.K.

87, Pearl Gardens, 7A, Conduit Road, H.K.

Dept. of Paediatrics, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, H.K.

Myer Eastern Buying Ltd., Cheong Hing Building, 12, Nathan Road, Kowloon.

BURGGRAAF, Miss Huberta

c/o Royal Interocean Line, P.O. Box 725, H.K.
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LIST OF MEMBERS

ORDINARY OVERSEAS MEMBERS:

ANDERSON, Dr. Eugene N., Jr. Dept. of Anthropology, University of California, Riverside, Cal. 92502, U.S.A.

BERKOWITZ, Prof. M. I. Professor of Sociology, Dept. of Sociology, Brock University, St. Catharine's, Ontario, Canada.

BEVERIDGE, R. J. 13, Hartwell Hill Road, Hartwell, Victoria, 3124, Australia.

BINGHAM, Mrs. Annette Welby Croft, Chapel-en-le-Frith, SK12 6CY, Cheshire, England.

BLACKMORE, Michael "Highfield", 37, The Hollow, Bath, Somerset, BA2 1NB, England.

BOXER, Prof. Baruch 167, Laurel Circle, Princeton, New Jersey, 08540, USA.

BRAGA, J. M. c/o National Library of Australia, Canberra, Australia.

BUNGER, Dr. Karl 53, Bonn-Bad Godesberg, Lukas-Cranach-Strasse 14, Germany.

CHAR, Tin Yuke 3898, Diamond Head Road, Honolulu, Hawaii 96816, U.S.A.

CLARK, Mrs. A. T. c/o Government House, Honiara, British Solomon Islands, Protectorate.

EITZEN, Mrs. J. 155, Mt. Pleasant Road, Singapore 11.

FITZGIBBON, Desmond J. c/o British Embassy, Beirut, Lebanon.

FREEDMAN, Dr. Maurice 187, Gloucester Place, St. Marylebone, London, N.W.2

HAMILTON, Bill G. 13768 Howen Drive, Saratoga, Calif. 95070, U.S.A.

HARNISCH, Mr. & Mrs. D. 204, South Ellen St., Homer, Illinois, U.S.A.

HARRISON, Prof. Brian 26, The White House, St. Paul's Bay, Malta.

HARTWELL, Lady c/o Barclays Bank, Piccadilly Circus Branch, 52, Regent Street, London, W.1., England.

HARTWELL, Sir Charles c/o Barclays Bank, Piccadilly Circus Branch, 52, Regent Street, London, W.1., England.

HAYDON, E. S. Old Castle Farm, Buckland St. Mary, Somerset, England.

HAYWARD, G. W. White Mill End, 5, Granville Road, Sevenoaks, Kent, England.

HENSMAN, Prof. Bertha c/o St. Anne's College, Oxford, England.

HILSDALE, Mrs. K. H. 1105, Armada Drive, Pasadena, Calif. 91103, U.S.A.

HORMANN, Prof. B. L. 2520, Malama Pl., Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, U.S.A.

HOWARTH, Richard H. c/o American Embassy, Merchant Street, Rangoon, Burma.

JOHNSON, Dr. Graham E. Department of Anthropology & Sociology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver 8, B.C., Canada.

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DONALD C. BOWIE

letter, for this showed that I did not owe my position to Japanese choice. They had been known not to be guided by seniority in the British army when selecting individuals with whom they chose to co-operate in running prisoner camps. The A.D.M.S. and Shackleton left with me letters expressing their admiration of the way the staff in the hospital were carrying on the work, and this was much appreciated.

I had asked in writing for six nursing sisters to be left in the hospital to take charge of nursing but this, like many other requests in the future, was met by complete silence, and all were removed. The staff and the patients who could make the trip gathered in the forecourt to take leave, first of the male staff and patients and second of the women staff 48 hours later as they left in their lorries.

And so by 10 August 1942 I found myself in charge of 211 patients including 25 officers, with a staff of 6 medical officers (including myself), one dental officer, a quartermaster, a Church of England chaplain, 55 other ranks R.A.M.C. and R.A.D.C. and 6 Royal Engineers plus one civilian engineer,

The staff remaining included two very well known Hong Kong doctors, Majors James Anderson R.A.M.C. who thereafter carried out all necessary surgery, my contribution coming when he was unwell or when acting as his assistant, and John Durran, a Hong Kong Volunteer who was both physician and eye specialist. Gerald Harrison was the specialist physician, James Swyer the specialist radiologist, Jack Fraser the specialist ophthalmologist, Norman Fraser the dentist, F.J. Campbell the quartermaster and James Squires the padre. Mr. J.L. Muxlow was the senior warrant officer, he had been in charge of the A.D.M.S's office at China Command. Mr. W.L. Bartley had been promoted warrant officer on the spot by Shackleton during hostilities to act as executive warrant officer in order to cope with the varying and awkward, not to say dangerous situations which suddenly developed and he had played his part well. He held his post until our release, but I imagine that his local promotion did not advance his army career for the same reason as held good in my case. We had a splendid, well qualified man, G.P. Shorthouse to take charge of nursing duties, G.W. Forknall was the chief cook and J.H. Platt lived in the food stores and was responsible for all receipts and issues from them. We had an excellent dispenser, D. Harper, and most of the skills needed in a hospital were to be found among our medical and dental staff.
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247

run by as entirely separate institution. After the Canadians moved from North Point we drew our patients only from Kowloon and I suppose that the prestige of adhering to the Geneva Convention outweighed in Japanese minds the administrative drawbacks of our site in Bowen Road.

As time went on the need to supply and guard a unit widely separated from the main body of prisoners must have become more onerous. Increasing shortages and difficulty in supplying electricity and water to Bowen Road were probably instrumental in finally bringing about our transfer to Kowloon.

24 MARCH -- 9 SEPTEMBER 1945

We now moved into the last few months of our captivity. At first, staff and patients were accommodated in Sham Shui Po camp and from there working parties of our staff went out daily to prepare the hospital. It was on that day that I got my only view of the Heep Yunn School and I did not like what I saw, but the same day I learned that we were to have the Central British School for use. This looked and proved to be a suitable building and we began to move our gear there. A little later Saito told me that the staff would be reduced to 40 all ranks though previously he had said that there would be 40 other ranks. On 9 April 6 officers and 34 other ranks moved in to the Central British School. Besides myself there were Major G.F. Harrison, Major J.W. Anderson, Captain A. Coombs, Lieutenant (Q.M.) F.J. Campbell and the Rev. James Squires our padre. There were five Royal Engineers, M.S.M. Sims, Q.M.S. Tyas, and sappers Samways, Carvell and Climo, and there were 29 other ranks R.A.M.C. and R.A.D.C. headed by Sergeant-majors Muxlow and Bartley. On 10 April 62 patients of whom 58 had been in Bowen Road and four were newly arrived in the hospital. There were at first no non-medical workers though these had been promised. On 12 April a further 62 patients arrived, 31 of these being crippled but in fair general condition and a further 31 being what we then called old men (i.e., unfit for service by reason of age). Two army officers and some American and British merchant navy officers were included, but we had no special accommodation for officers. The Japanese ordered that all patients were to have white beds, another example of window dressing. The hospital provided for 34 beds for patients on the ground floor and 81 on the first floor which also housed the operating theatre, X-ray room and laboratory.

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Appendix “C”

Roll of Staff Table 1

  
    Rank
    Name
    Unit
  
  
    Major
    Anderson*
    J.W.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Sergeant
    Anderson
    J.H.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Lt. Colonel
    Bowie*
    D.C.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    W.O.I.
    Bartley*
    W.L.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Private
    Bulter*
    G.E.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Lieut. (QM)
    Campbell*
    F.J.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Sergeant
    Cunningham
    T.C.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Corporal
    Chandler*
    F.R.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Private
    Cawley
    T
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Captain
    Clyne
    T.F.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Q.M.S.
    Coombs**
    A.H.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Private
    Cummings*
    R.R.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Corporal
    Climo*
    R.
    R. Engineers
  
  
    Sergeant
    Carvell*
    J.
    R. Engineers
  
  
    Major
    Durran
    J.
    H.K.V.D.C. (Medical)
  
  
    Corporal
    Davies
    A.F.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Corporal
    Dodds*
    J.W.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Sergeant
    Edge
    H.B.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Private
    Entwistle*
    H.R.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Major
    Fraser
    J.D.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Captain
    Fraser
    N.L.
    A.D. Corps
  
  
    $Sergeant
    Forknall
    G.W.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Private
    Galt
    C.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Major
    Harrison*
    G.F.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Corporal
    Hindley*
    F.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Corporal
    Harper*
    D.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Corporal
    Hugill*
    W.J.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Private
    Harrison
    R.C.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Private
    Harrison*
    C.E.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Private
    Hedley*
    J.H.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Private
    Howe*
    S.J.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Private
    Jenkins*
    J.G.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Private
    Johns
    P.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Private
    Jotcham*
    A.E.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    S/Sergeant
    Keogh
    G.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Corporal
    Lethbridge*
    F.W.
    R.A.M.C.
  
  
    Corporal
    Lyall
    R.
    R.A.M.C.
  

287
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LIST OF MEMBERS

ORDINARY MEMBERS:

+

AIKEN, Mrs. L. · AKERS-JONES, Hon D., C.M.G., J.P. ALLCOCK, R. C. ALLEN, O. J. R. ANDERSON, J. S. ANGOVE, W. B. ARCHER, Hon. Mrs. S. + - ARSAN, Mrs. K. AU, K. N. ·

Room 2411, Plaza Hotel, Hong Kong, Island House, Tai Po, N.T. Dept. of Law, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong. Flat B2, 29 Severn Road, The Peak, Hong Kong, Diocesan Boys' School, 131 Argyle Street, Kowloon. Cathay Pacific Airways Ltd., Operations Building 4/F, Kai Tak, Kowloon. 41, Stubbs Road, Apt. 21, Hong Kong. 43 Stubbs Road, Flat C-1, 5th Floor, Hong Kong. Grantham College of Education, Gascoigne Road, Kowloon.

BARD, Dr. S. M., O.B.E., J.P. Hong Kong Museum of History, Star House, 4/F, Kowloon, BARR, J. W. E9 Repulse Bay Towers, 119A Repulse Bay Road, Hong Kong. BARRETT, Fr. Cyril S. J. Wah Yan College, Queen's Road East, Hong Kong. BARRETTO, R. O. 1903 Hang Chong Building, Queen's Road C., Hong Kong. BENNETT, Dr. J. R.. Dept. of English, New Asia College, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T. BERKHOUT, P. The Shell Co. of Hong Kong Ltd., P.O. Box 22, Hong Kong. BERTRAM, J. 601 Swire House, Hong Kong. BIRCH, Dr. A. Dept. of History, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong. BLAIKLEY, P. E. - 4 Middleton Towers, 140 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong. BLAKE, Mrs. D. Paul Y Construction Co., Bank of Canton Building 18/F, Hong Kong.

BLOOMFIELD, Miss Frena - 38A, 1/F, Kennedy Road, Hong Kong. BOND, M. W. - BOYLAN, Mrs. C.. BRAGA, P. BRANDON, Miss J. BRIGGS, Hon. Sir Geoffrey, Q.C. BROADBENT, Miss M.

404 La Hacienda, 31 Mount Kellett Road, Hong Kong. Cathay Pacific Airways, P.O. Box 1, Hong Kong. 61A Bisney Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong. St. Stephen's Girls' School, 2 Lyttelton Road, Hong Kong. Courts of Justice, Hong Kong: Helena May Court, Garden Road, Hong Kong.
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LIST OF MEMBERS

ORDINARY OVERSEAS MEMBERS:

ANDERSON, Dr. E. N.

BERKOWITZ, Prof. M. I.

BEVERIDGE, R. J.

BINGHAM, Mrs. A.

BRAGA, J. M.

BUNGER, Prof. K.

CHAR, Tin Yuke

CLARK, Mrs. A. T.

DANSEY-BROWNING, Mrs. S. M.

EITZEN, Mrs. J.

GARD, Dr. R. A.

GOODRICH, Prof. L. Carrington

HARRISON, Prof. B.

HAYWARD, G. W.

HEATHERINGTON, Mrs. E.

KRAMERS, Dr. R. P.

LAWTON, D.

LIU, Prof. Ts'un-yan

LU, Mrs. S.

LYNCH, Rev. P. F.

MACLEAN, R.

MACPHERSON, J. A.

Dept. of Anthropology, University of California, Riverside, Cal. 92502, U.S.A.

Dept. of Sociology, Brock University, St. Catherines, Ontario, Canada.

13 Hartwell Hill Road, Hartwell, Victoria 3124, Australia.

Welby Croft, Chapel-en-le-Frith SK12 6CY, Cheshire, England.

National Library of Australia, Canberra, Australia.

53 Bonn-Bad Godesberg, Lukas-Cranach-Strabe 14, Germany.

3898 Diamond Head Road, Honolulu, Hawaii 96816, U.S.A.

Williams & Glyns Bank Ltd., Hottsbank Kirkland House, Whitehall, London S.W.1., England

155 Mount Pleasant Road, Singapore 11.

The Institute for Advanced Studies of World Religions, 531-2 Melville Library, State University of New York, Stony Brook, Long Island, New York 11790, U.S.A.

640 West 238th Street, The Bronx, New York 10463, U.S.A.

26 The White House, St. Paul's Bay, Malta.

White Mill End, 5 Granville Road, Sevenoaks, Kents, England.

c/o Col. & Mrs. Raymont, 270 Park Road, Rockcliffe Park, Ottawa K1M 0E1, Canada.

Ostasiatisches Seminar, Der Universitat Zürich, Mühlegasse 21, 8001 Zürich, Switzerland.

Time-Life News Service, c/o Associated Press, P.O. Box 775, Bangkok, Thailand.

Dept. of Chinese, Australian National University, Canberra, A.C.T., Australia.

c/o U.S. Embassy, 581 Merchant Street, Rangoon, Burma.

Maryknoll Centre House, 120 San Min Road 1st Section, Taichung City 400, Taiwan.

The Singapore International Chamber of Commerce, Denmark House, Singapore 1.

The Library, Cabrillo College, 6500 Soquel Drive, Aptos, California 95003, U.S.A.
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OVERSEAS ORDINARY MEMBERS

ANDERSON, Dr. Eugene N. Jr., Dept. of Anthropology, University of California, RIVERSIDE, California 92502, U.S.A.

BEVERIDGE, Mr. R. J., 13 Hartwell Hill Road, HARTWELL, Victoria 3124, AUSTRALIA.

BINGHAM, Mrs. Annette, Welby Croft, CHAPEL-EN-LE-FRITH, Cheshire SK12 6CY, ENGLAND.

BRAGA, Mr. J. M., c/o National Library of Australia, CANBERRA, A.C.T., AUSTRALIA.

BUNGER, Dr. Karl, 53 Bonn-Bad Godesberg, Lukas-Cranach-Strabe 14, GERMANY.

CAMPBELL, Miss Christy Mary, United California Bank, Metro Bank Plaza-12th Floor, Buendia Avenue Ext., Makati, Metro Manila, PHILIPPINES.

CHAR, Mr. Tin Yuke, 3898 Diamond Head Road, HONOLULU, Hawaii 96816, U.S.A.

CHINN, Mrs. Caroline Lee, 1717 Mott Smith Drive, 2712, HONOLULU, Hawaii, 96822, U.S.A.

CLARK, Mrs. A. T., c/o Government House, HONIARA, BRITISH SOLOMON ISLANDS PROTECTORATE.

DAWSON-GROVE, Dr. A. W., Le Mas du Siaresq, Chemin du Siaresq, OPIO 06860, Am. FRANCE.

DE FAZIO, Mr. and Mrs. M. F., RANGOON, Dept. of State, Washington D.C. 20520, U.S.A.

EASTON, Ms. Linda, 5458 South Harper, CHICAGO, Illinois, 60615, U.S.A.

FITZGIBBON, Mr. Desmond, Programa Para El Desarrollo, Naciones Unidas (Poud), Casilla De Correo 1107, ASUNCION, PARAGUAY.

GOODRICH, Prof. L. Carrington, 640 West 238th Street, The Bronx, NEW YORK, 10643, U.S.A.

HALPERIN, Mr. David R., Shearman & Sterling, Citicorp Center, 153 East 53rd Street, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10022, U.S.A.

HARRISON, Prof. B., 26 The White House, St. Paul's Bay, MALTA.

HAYWARD, Mr. G. W., White Mill End, 5 Granville Road, Sevenoaks, Kent, UNITED KINGDOM.

HEMMING, Miss Janet M., 179 Danks Street, Albert Park, Victoria 3206, AUSTRALIA.

JASCHOK, Ms. Maria, History Dept., S.O.A.S., University of London, Malet Street, LONDON, W.C.1., UNITED KINGDOM.

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PERSISTENCE & PRESERVATION OF HAKKA CULTURE

B. ENGLISH

51

Aijmer, G.

1967 "Expansion and Extension in Hakka Society." Journal of the Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. 7:42-79.

Anderson, R. T.

1971 "Voluntary Association in History." American Anthropologist, 73(1): 209-222.

Banton, M.

++

1968 "Voluntary Associations: Anthropological Aspects." In D. L. Sills, (ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, Vol. 16, pp.358-379. New York: Macmillan.

Ch'en, T.

1939 Emigrant Communities in South China. Shanghai: Kelly & Walsh.

Coser, L. A.

1956 The Functions of Social Conflict. Illinois: The Free Press of Glencoe.

Davis, S. G.

1962 "The Rural-Urban Migration in Hong Kong and Its New Territories." Geographical Journal, 128(3): 328-333.

Fallers, L. A. (ed.)

1967 Immigrant and Associations. The Hague: Mouton.

Foster, G. M. et al (eds).

1978 Long-Term Field Research in Social Anthropology, Studies in Social Anthropology. New York: Academic Press.

Freedman, M.

++

1960 "Immigrations and Associations: Chinese in Nineteenth Century Singapore." Comparative Studies in Society and History, 3(1):25-49.

1961 "Overseas Chinese Association: A Comment." Comparative Studies in Society and History, 3(3):478-480.

1963 "A Chinese Phase in Social Anthropology." The British Journal of Sociology, 14(1),

Gamble, S. D.

1929 Peking: A Social Survey. New York: George H. Doran.

Hayes, J.

1977 The Hong Kong Region 1850-1911. Institutions and Leadership in Town and Countryside. Hamden, Conn., Archon-Dawson.

Heidhues, M. F. S.

1974 Southeast Asia's Chinese Minorities. Hawthorn, Australia: Longman.

Hodder, H. W.

1953 "Racial Groupings in Singapore." Malayan Journal of Tropical Geography 1:25-36.
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216

FABER, Mrs G.A.G. FAWCETT, Mr B.C. FRASER, Mr A.P. GALVIN, Mr J.A.T.

GEORGE, Mr Timothy J.B. GIEDROYC, Mr Michael J.H. GOLDNEY, Miss C.M. HARDEN, Mrs Guy T., Jr. HAYDON, Mr E.S. HECHTEL, Mr F.O.P. HOWARTH, Mr Richard H. HUGHES, Mrs Marion HURT, Miss Evelyn J. INGLES, Miss Jean M. IRETON, Mrs Polly H. JOHNSTON, Mr James J. JORDAN, Dr David K. KIDD, Mr S.T.

7

KNOWLES, Miss Moria G. KNOWLES, Mrs W.C.G. KURATA, Mrs Lucien LANCHESTER Mrs G.W. LAUFER, Mr E.M. LAUFER, Mrs B.M. LI, DR Choh-Ming LINDSAY, Mr T.J. LOTHROP, Mr Francis B. MANSFIELD, Miss M.B. MICHAELIONES, Miss E.O. MILL, Major C.S., USMC MILLER, Mr Carl F.O. NICHOLS, The Hon. Mr E.H. O'BRIEN, Father J.R. PLAG, Rev. Albrecht POLAND, Mr Thomas D. RITCHIE, Mr Douglas J. ROBINSON, Prof. K.E. ROTHE, Mr Ulrich. SINFIELD, Mr G.HC. SPERRY, Mr Henry M. STEVENS, Mr Keith G. SWIRE, Mr A.C.

TILL, The Very Rev. Barry TURNER, Sir Michael WARD, Miss Janet E.A. WELCH, Mr Holmes H. WHITELEGGE, Mr D.S. WOLF, Mr John

ORDINARY OVERSEAS MEMBERS

ANDERSON, Dr Eugene N., Jr.

BARR, Mr J.W. BEVERIDGE, Mr R.J. BOND, Mr Michael W. CHAR, Mr Tin Yuke CHINN, Mrs Caroline Lee CLARK, Mrs A.T. COOPER, Dr Eugene

DE FAZIO, Mr & Mrs M.F. EASTON, Ms. Linda

FESSLER, Mr Loren FITZGIBBON, Mr Desmond GARD, Dr Richard A.

GILMAN, Ms Claudia

GOODRICH, Prof. L. Carrington

HARRISON, Prof, B.

HEMMING, Miss Janet M. HODGSON, Mr A.F.

HODGSON, Mrs Kirsty Hamilton HOGAN, Mr James HUYSMAN, Mr J.

KNEEBONE, Mrs Susan

KRAMERS, Dr R.P. LIU, Prof. Ts'un Yan LU, Mrs Sylvia MACLEAN, Mr Roderick MATHIAS, Dr John R.G. McCOY, Mr John

MORGAN, Mrs Carole MYERS, Mr John T. PARR, Mr M.J.

REDFERN, Mr O'Donnell S. REID, Mr A.J.H. SCHWARZER, Mr C.A. SELWYN, Mr J.B. SMITH, Dr Ralph B. STEEDS, Mr David

STOKES, Mr John

STRAUCH, Dr Judith STURM, Prof. Fred Gillette VILLIERS, Dr John WATSON, Dr James L. WICKBERG, Professor Edgar
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61

"J.W. Norton Kyshe: "The history of the laws and courts of Hong Kong" (2 vols. H.K., 1898), I, p. 658; cf also NCH 3.7.1858, 24.11.1860.

PT 1.8.1933, 1.9.1934.

10 NCH 11.5.1861.

60 NCH 5.4.1862.

G.A.M. Anderson: "Humanity and Labour in China" (London, 1928), ch. VI, IX; E.M. Hinder: "Life and Labour in Shanghai" (New York 1944), p. 2, 115-116.

See Hinder, "Life", passim.

For tax rates see Feetham, "Report", I, p. 147-148.

For critical comments on the sectional, non-representative background of Municipal Council members, see China Weekly Review, Shanghai, 24.3.1934, p. 119.

Cf NCH 10.7.1852, 17.7.1852, 24.7.1852.

Cf NCH 14.10.1854, 21.10.1854 and following issues.

NCH 23.4.1864.

China Weekly Review 9.1.1937, p. 179.

NCH 20.10.1860.

* China Weekly Review 9.1.1937, p. 179.
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367

ARMERDING, Mr. L.E.

OVERSEAS LIFE MEMBERS

BAKER, Dr. H.D.R. BAKER, Mr. W.E.

BALL, Mr. J.M. BARNETT, Mr. K.M.A. BENNISON, Mr. L.L. BERTUCCIOLI, Dr. G. BLACKMORE, Mr. M.

BLACK, Sir Robert BLAKER, Mr. D.J.R.

CAPLAN, Mr. M. CARLSON, Miss R.E. CATER, Sir Jack CLARKE, Rev. C.S. COCKELL, Miss J.V. COLLIN, Mr. P.H. COSBY, Mr. L.P.S.G. CRANMER-BYNG, Prof. J.L. CUMMING, Mrs. D.M.

DUNCANSON, Mr. J.D.

EWING, Miss E.

FABER, Mrs. A. FABER, Mrs. G.A.G. FAWCETT, Mr. B.C. FRASER, Mr. A.P.

GALVIN, Mr. J.A.T. GEORGE, Mr. T.J.B. GIEDROYC, Mr. M.J.H. GOLDNEY, Miss C.M.

HARDEN, Mrs. G.T. HAYDON, Mr. E.S. HECHTEL, Mr. F.O.P. HOGAN, Mr. J. HOWARTH, Mr. R.H. HUGHES, Mrs. M. HURT, Miss E.J.

INGLES, Miss J.M. IRETON, Mrs. P.H.

JOHNSTON, Mr. J.J. JORDAN, Dr. D.K.

KIDD, Mr. S.T.

LOTHROP, Mr. F.B.

MACLEAN, Mr. R. MANSFIELD, Miss M.B. MICHAELIONES, Miss E.O. MILL, Major C.S. MILLER, Mr. C.F.O.

NICHOLS, Mr. E.H.

O'BRIEN, Father J.R.

PLAG, Mr. A. POLAND, Mr. T.D.

RITCHIE, Mr. D.J. ROBINSON, Prof. K.E. ROTHE, Mr. U.

KNOWLES, Miss M.G. SINFIELD, Mr. G.H.C.

KNOWLES, Mrs. W.C.G.

KURATA, Mrs. L.

LANCHESTER, Mrs. G.W. LAUFER, Mr. E.M. LAUFER, Mrs. B.M. LI, Dr. C.M.

LINDSAY, Mr. T.J. LISOWSKI, Prof. F.P.

SPERRY, Mr. H.M. STEVENS, Mr. K.G. SWIRE, Mr. A.C.

TURNER, Sir Michael

WARD, Miss J.E.A. WATSON, Dr. J.L. WHITELEGGE, Mr. D.S.

LISOWSKI, Mrs. W.Y. WOLF, Mr. J.

LOES, Dr. S. de

ANDERSON, Dr. E.N.

ORDINARY OVERSEAS MEMBERS

BARR, Mr. J.W. BEVERIDGE, Mr. R.J. BOND, Mr. M.W.

CHAR, Mr. T.Y. CHINN, Mrs. C.L. CLARK, Mrs. A.T. CONROY, Dr. R. COOPER, Dr. E.

DE FAZIO, Mr. & Mrs. M.F.

EASTON, Ms. L.

HEMMING, Miss J.M. HODGSON, Mr. A.F. HODGSON, Mrs. K.H. HUYSMAN, Mr. J.

FESSLER, Mr. L. FITZGIBBON, Mr. D.

GARD, Dr. R.A. GOODRICH, Prof. L.C.

HARRISON, Prof. B.

KNEEBONE, Mrs. S.

KRAMERS, Dr. R.P.

LIU, Prof. T.Y. LU, Mrs. S.

MATHIAS, Dr. J.R.G.

McCOY, Mr. J.
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106

JAMES HAYES

Nor did he mince his words. “You have disobeyed and neglected your instructions” he told Elliot. "You seem to have considered that my instructions were waste paper which you might treat with entire disregard, and that you were at full liberty to deal with the interests of your country according to your own fancy." The Foreign Secretary accused Elliot of having settled with the Chinese for much less than he had been told to demand “without the full employment of that force which was sent to you expressly for the purpose of enabling you to use compulsion, if persuasion should fail”. He was not impressed by the cession of Hong Kong “a barren island with hardly a house on it” and clogged by conditions which made it doubtful if it was a cession in full sovereignty."

196

This myth, for myth it was, has died hard. Indeed, I fear it is not yet dead. It has always been more striking to compare the glowing present with such an insignificant past, and this has been the case at all times in Hong Kong's later history. Over forty years after the British occupation of Hong Kong, Governor Sir G.F. Bowen, addressing the Legislative Council at the opening of the 1884-85 Session, stated that "... the Island of Hong Kong... when annexed to the British Empire in 1843 (sic) was merely a barren rock, inhabited only by a few fishermen and pirates.” This view was expressed another forty years on by the American Consul-General, George E. Anderson, writing on the Hong Kong Consular District in an official publication of the American Department of Commerce. "The island of Hong Kong consists of a broken ridge of lofty hills, the highest, Victoria Peak, being approximately 1,800 feet in height. There are few valleys of any extent and scarcely any ground for cultivation... In general, the hills and mountains are bare and the soil is poor." He added usefully, "The island of Hong Kong, 28 square miles in extent, is about 11 miles long and from 2 to 5 miles broad; its circumference is 27 miles".*

Is this a justifiable description? Was Hong Kong ‘a barren island with hardly a house on it"? Were its people, such as they were, "a handful of fishermen and pirates"? The answer is NO, on both counts. There were several villages of some size, as well as hamlets, and a few larger coastal villages which served as market towns for the villages and as home ports for a permanent boat population and visiting craft. The land people were settled, and as we shall
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28

NOTES

Virgile Pinot, La Chine et la formation de l'esprit philosophique en France, 1640-1740 (Paris, 1932).

1 From Diderot's Encyclopédie. English translation from A. Reichwein, China and Europe, Intellectual and Artistic Contacts in the Eighteenth Century (Kegan Paul, Trench, Turbner & Co., London, 1925), p.92. Reichwein offers the best comprehensive treatment of China at the Age of Enlightenment, together with L. Maverick (see note 10).

3 Pierre Poivre, Voyages d'un Philosophe (English translation by Reichwein, loc. cit.).

François Quesnay, Le Despotisme de la Chine (Paris, 1767). His friends had dubbed him 'the Confucius of Europe'.

$ Lo Hui-min, The Tradition and Prototype of the China-watcher, 1976 G.E. Morrison lecture (Australian National University, Canberra, 1978), p. 9.

7 Louis Lecomte, Nouveaux mémoires sur l'état présent de la Chine (Paris, 1969). Du Halde, Description géographique, historique, chronologique, politique et physique de l'Empire de la Chine et de la Tartarie Chinoise (Paris, 1735).

$ Hugh Honour, Chinoiseries, the Vision of Cathay (John Murray, London, 1961).

In 1951, at the Lycée de Chartres where I was teaching history, the bicentenary of Diderot's Encyclopedia was celebrated at the initiative of left-wing teachers who were keen to stress the connection between the Encyclopedia and French Revolutionary traditions. I gave a public lecture: 'China and the Encyclopedists', of which the present Morrison Lecture might be considered the direct descendant.

10 Lewis A. Maverick, China, a Model for Europe (Paul Anderson Company, San Antonio, Texas, 1946).

|| From Les Fleurs du Mal (my translation).

12 Evariste Regis Huc, L'Empire chinois (Paris, 1854). For a more severe evaluation of Huc, see Simon Leys, The Burning Forest (New York, 1986), pp. 47-94 ("Peregrinations and perplexities of Pere Huc').

13 Eugene Simon, La Cité chinoise (Paris, 1885).

14 Paul Claudel, Connaissance de l'Est (Mercure de France, Paris, 1908).

15 The novel by Jules Verne, Les Tribulations d'un Chinois en Chine (1879), is quite unique in its concern for the politics of nineteenth-century China. The hero, Kin Fo, is torn between his fascination with modern technology and his loyalty to his teacher Wong, who is an ex-Taiping leader. It is to my knowledge the only appearance of the Taiping rebellion in French literature.

16 V. Hugo, Lettre au Capitaine Butler, Hauteville House, 25 November 1861 (my translation).

17 Charles Bettelheim, Cultural Revolution and Industrial Organisation in China: Changes in Management and the Division of Labor, trans. by Alfred Ehrenfeld (Monthly Review Press, New York, 1974). See also China Since Mao, by Neil G. Burton and Charles Bettelheim (Monthly Review Press, New York, 1978).

18 Claude Roy, Clés pour la Chine (Paris, 1954); Etiemble, Le Nouveau singe-pèlerin (Paris, 1957); Philippe Sollers, Tel quel (a literary magazine edited by...
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105

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PERSONS BURIED IN THE PROTESTANT CEMETERY, MAKATI, RIZAL

TO BE TRANSFERRED TO MANILA MEMORIAL PARK

  
    Date of death
    Name
    Date of death
    Name
  
  
    12.6.1944
    AARON, Margaret Tyre
    
    ADAMS, Henry
  
  
    Not known
    AEROBE (baby)
    26.4.1886
    AHR-LEGER, Suzanne
  
  
    5.10.1919
    AITKEN, Charles H W
    2.3.1921
    AITKEN, Mary Louise
  
  
    29.10.1952
    ALFON, Jose
    21.4.1919
    ALKAN, Camille
  
  
    3.10.1915
    ALLEN, George
    15.4.1906
    ALLINSON, James
  
  
    20.5.1918
    AMER, Basserody
    14.11.1904
    AMOLOCHITIS, John
  
  
    30.6.1962
    ANDERSON, James
    20.11.1936
    ANDERSON, William
  
  
    6.4.1908
    Roberts
    
    ANDREWS, James
  
  
    27.1.1894
    ANDREWS, Richard
    31.8.1900
    Montgomerie Henry
  
  
    
    ARMSTRONG, George
    12.11.1920
    ATKINSON, Dorothy
  
  
    20.6.1925
    AULE, John
    30.9.1889
    AYLETT, William
  
  
    20.8.1880
    BAALK, Emil Ch. M
    13.8.1878
    BACKHOUSE, C
  
  
    18.3.1903
    BAEL, Joe
    25.9.1919
    BAENZIGER, Gustav Adolph
  
  
    27.10.1899
    BALLEY, George
    3.9.1909
    BARKAS, Gabriel
  
  
    25.4.1938
    BARNES (still-born)
    25.1.1923
    BARNETT, Edward
  
  
    8.5.1936
    BARR, Robert
    24.1.1926
    BARRIOS, Raphael Plaza
  
  
    28.4.1960
    BATCHELLOR, John
    8.1920
    BAUEN, G William
  
  
    Not known
    BENZIE, John M
    12.5.1925
    BERGACKER, Johanna Maria
  
  
    3.10.1963
    BERNARD, Son of M L
    8.7.1881
    BERNSTEIN, Simon
  
  
    13.3.1900
    BETZ, Max
    11.9.1882
    BIERMANN, Fritz
  
  
    12.1903
    BINDER, Heinrich
    22.8.1892
    BIRD, Isaac J
    
    BLACK, John Gordon
  
  
    22.2.1870
    BLANCO, Emilio Palomov
    6.8.1964
    BOIE, Reinhold
  
  
    14.9.1896
    BLAIR, William A
    
    BLOCH, Leon
  
  
    Not known
    BOLLWILL, DE
    6.7.1887
    BOLTON, Edwin
  
  
    10.12.1920
    BONIFACE, Mark Graham
    15.1.1945
    BOUNTIFF, Eliza
  
  
    13.11.1918
    BOWER, I H
    19.3.1899
    BRAMHALL, J C
  
  
    7.5.1868
    BRAMMER, Agnes
    26.8.1902
    BARMMER, Heinrich
  
  
    2.9.1898
    BRAMMER, Otto Franz Ernst Rudolf Hugo
    15.9.1893
    BRAMMER, Pauline
  
  
    8.10.1901
    BRAMMER, Richard
    20.11.1900
    BRAMWELL, Geoffrey
  
  
    17.1.1915
    BRAUN, Max Francis
    12.4.1909
    BREMER, Adelisa
  
  
    25.1.1962
    BREMER, Ann Marie
    25.9.1961
    BREMER, Dennis
  
  
    30.11.1941
    BRENNER, Issac
    2.9.1915
    BRETTHAUER, G Luísa Gonzales de
  
  
    6.1903
    BRIGENDIRE, Maria
    10.1.1945
    BROUGH, Robert
  
  
    
    BRIDGE, Harry
    27.12.1922
    BROOK, John Evans
  
  
    24.2.1902
    BROWN, Bright
    18.6.1921
    
    16.12.1913
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RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-2002
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London: George G. Harrap, 1945.

Ritchie, Edmee Alice

My memoirs or good of its kind. [s.l.: s.n., n.d.].

Secret notes on Japanese army

North Melbourne: Victorian Railways Printing Works, 1942.

The Shanghai directory 1941: City supplementary edition to The China Hong List. Shanghai: The Office of the North-China Daily News & Herald, Ltd.

Shneider, Vladimir

Traces of the ten. Beer-Sheva: V. Shneider, 2002.

Smith, Arthur Henderson, 1845-1932.

Village life in China: a study in sociology. Edinburgh: Oliphant, Anderson and Ferrier, 1900.

Ticozzi, Sergio

Historical document of the Hong Kong Catholic Church. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Catholic Diocesan Archives, 1997

Vocational Training Council (Hong Kong) The Morrison Hill story [videorecording]. [Hong Kong: s.n., 199-.

Waters, Dan.

Lunch beat [2 sound cassettes]. (Dr Dan Waters shares his in-depth knowledge and stories about Hong Kong's past in two episodes of radio programme The Lunch Beat.

[Hong Kong: RTHK, 1998 - 2001].

Way, Denis M. and Nield, Robert

Counting house: the history of PricewaterhouseCoopers on the China Coast. Hong Kong: PricewaterhouseCoopers, c2002.

Wu, You-ru

Shen-jiang sheng jing tu. Shanghai: Hua bao zhai shu she, 1999.

Zhang, Yingjin

lvii
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85

Graveson, R. H. and Crane. F. R., A Century of Family Law. 1957.

London: Sweet & Maxwell Ltd.

King, Paul. 1980. In the Chinese Customs Service - A personal record of forty-seven years.

New York and London: Garland Publishing, Inc.

Little, Lester K. 1975. Introduction in Fairbank, John K, Bruner, Katherine F, Matheson, Elizabeth M. 1975. eds. The I.G. in Peking - Letters of Robert Hart, Chinese Maritime Customs 1868-1907. Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.

McCusker, John J. 2003. “Comparing the Purchasing Power of Money in the United States (or Colonies) from 1665 to 2002.” Economic History Services, 2003, URL: http://www.eh.net/hmit/ppowerusd/.

Smith, Richard J, Fairbank, John K, Bruner, Katherine F. 1991. eds. Robert Hart and China's Early Modernisation - His Journals, 1863-1866. Cambridge and London: Council on East Asian Studies, Harvard University.

Wang, Hongbin. 2000. He De Jue Shi Zhuan - Da Qing Hai Guan Yang Zong Guan. (The Biography of Sir Robert Hart - The Foreign I.G. of Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs) Beijing: Culture and Arts Press.

Wright, Stanley F. 1950. Hart and The Chinese Customs. Belfast: WM. Mullan & Son (Publishers) Ltd.

NOTES

1 Transcribed by Deirdre Wildy, 18 September 2003

2 Transcribed by Lan Li and Deirdre Wildy, 15 August 2003

3 It is supposed that Hart had made Declaration 1 as a legal document, as in his letter to Campbell dated 11 August 1905 he added a post script dated 19 August - the same date that Declaration I was written: "Yours 7th July received: herewith cover with statement for Murray Hutchins." (Fairbank, Bruner and Matherson 1975: 25, 1479) Murray, Hutchins & Co. was Hart's private solicitor, in Declaration I he mentioned: "The children were sent to England and it was arranged that W. Hutchins my lawyer should take charge of them..." Transcribed by Deirdre Wildy, 18 September 2003

* In Declaration 1 Hart wrote: "Anna died some seventeen years ago". In his letter to Campbell on 8 July 1906, he wrote: "The enclosed from Mr. Anderson, announcing the death of a former ward, Herbert Hart, has just reached me here through the Legation." (Fairbank, Bruner and Matheson 1975: 1513) "Gertrude Bell in her diary on 5 May 1903 recorded that she went to Sir Robert
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