RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1961 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/vd6724704 Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society Hong Kong Branch RASHKB and author Vol. 1 (1961) ISSN 1991-7295 3 THE NORTH CHINA BRANCH started in Shanghai in 1857 under the name of the Shanghai Literary and Scientific Society. Its first President was the Rev. E. C. Bridgman, D.D., the first American missionary in China and the founder and manager of the Chinese Repository. Its first Journal appeared in 1858 in the name of the Literary and Scientific Society, but in that year the Society became affiliated to the Royal Asiatic Society as its North China Branch. Except for a brief period between 1861, when Dr. Bridgman died, and 1864 when the Society was reanimated through the unremitting efforts of Sir Harry Parkes as President, the Society maintained for nearly 85 years—until the outbreak of the second world war in December 1941—almost an unbroken vigour and a high reputation as the principal centre of Oriental culture among the foreign and Chinese communities in Central China. It also kept up a high standard of scholarship and of cultural appeal in its Journal, which appeared unfailingly every year. After the war it continued its work until, after 1948, it was forced through political troubles to cease its activities. The last issues of the Journal had been published with the co-operation of the International Institute of China. The Society in Shanghai was from its early days fortunate in the support of a generous public and of the British Government, which in 1868 provided it with a site at a nominal rent for its own building, completed in 1871. Later the property was conveyed to the Society in perpetuity or for so long as it was used for the Society's purpose. Thus, in 1931 the Society was able, with the aid of public subscriptions and generous municipal grants, to build in Museum Road close to the British Consulate a commodious building of its own; it contained a lecture hall named after the late Dr. Wu Lien-teh, a floor to accommodate its Oriental Library of 12,000 volumes and adjacent reading rooms, as well as space for an excellent natural history museum and for the exhibition of Chinese paintings and other works of art. In 1941 the Society had nearly 800 members, including most of the leading Oriental scholars, explorers and travellers. Amongst the outstanding personalities who had been associated with the North China Branch a few may be mentioned—Dr. Joseph Edkins, Thomas W. Kingsmill, Dr. Emil Breitschneider, Henri Cordier (at one time the Society's Librarian), P. G. van Mollendorf, Sir Robert Hart, Sir Harry Parkes, Sir Byron Brennan, W. H. Medhurst, Sir Edmund Hornby (the first British Judge in China), Sir Rutherford Alcock, H. A. Giles, G. H. Parker, H. B. Morse, A. P. Parker, Alexander Hosie, Samuel Couling, Sir Sidney Barton and Dr. J. C. Ferguson, an American, former President of Nanking University and a man of profound learning and wisdom who, in the course of half a century, served the Society as President, Secretary and Editor of the Journal. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1961 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/vd6724704 Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society Hong Kong Branch RASHKB and author Vol. 1 (1961) ISSN 1991-7295 98 BUDDHIST ORGANIZATIONS IN HONG KONG by HOLMES WELCH, M.A. I. INTRODUCTION Buddhism has a long history in Hong Kong, going back at least to the fifth century A.D., when the monk Pui To1 is said to have set up a hermitage at Castle Peak. A few monasteries claim an antiquity of one or two hundred years. Most were established after the British acquisition of the Colony as a result of its growing wealth and population. Hong Kong's census-takers have never attempted to discover the number of Buddhist monks, nuns, and their followers, nor has any question on religion been included in the census of 1961. For what it may be worth, the Hong Kong and Macau Regional Centre of the World Fellowship of Buddhists estimates the number of Buddhists in Hong Kong at 500,000, among whom 5,000 are "active, cultured Buddhists who not only believe in the Buddha but also devote themselves in earnest to the study and practice of the doctrines of Buddhism." On the other hand, a monk who has played a leading role in Buddhist organizations here for many years estimates that 100,000 people in Hong Kong are "purely Buddhist", while 1,000,000 are occasionally or partly Buddhist. He puts the ordained monks in the Colony at 250 and the nuns at 1,000. We do know that there are at least 116 monks, 324 nuns, and 3,400 purportedly Buddhist laymen, since these numbers have joined the Hong Kong Buddhist Association. Beyond this, we should not go in appraising the accuracy of the figures given above. Only one generalization seems safe to make: the number of active Buddhist laymen is growing, while the Sangha—or body of monks—is getting smaller. As to the number of Buddhist institutions in Hong Kong, there are four lay organizations and, according to the list of registered temples, some 68 monasteries and 119 nunneries. Not all the Colony's monasteries and nunneries are on this list, however, and many that are might better be termed "hermitages". Only about nine monasteries and ten nunneries in Hong Kong can be considered "large", if by that is meant having more than ten ordained monks or nuns. 1 Here and below, all romanizations are based on the Cantonese pronunciation. In a few cases, the conventional Wade-Giles romanizations are included in brackets. * Report from the Hong Kong and Macau Regional Centre, 1954-1956. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1961 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/vd6724704 Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society Hong Kong Branch RASHKB and author 128 Vol. 1 (1961) ISSN 1991-7295 CHING, Henry 9 Village Road, 1st fl., H.K. CHING, Joseph U.S. Consulate-General, H.K. CHOA, Dr. Gerald H. Queen Mary Hospital, H.K. CLARK, Mrs. N. E. H.K. & Shanghai Banking Corpn., H.K. CLARKE, The Hon. A. G. Colonial Secretariat, H.K. CLARKE, B. A. 25-A Robinson Road, Top fl., H.K. COHN, Dr. A. J. 116 Leighton Road, Leisham Court, 6th fl., H.K. COOK, J. 522 Alexandra House, H.K. CRANMER-BYNG, J. L. Dept. of History, H.K.U. CUMINE, E. 14 Embassy Court, H.K. CUMMING, M. S. Butterfield & Swire, H.K. DAIKO, P. P.O. Box 201, H.K. DAVID, Mrs. M. C. Dept. of Geography & Geology, H.K.U. DAVIS, Dr. S. G. Education Dept. Battery Path, H.K. DEANS PEGGS, Dr. A. Cheshire Wing Room 40, R.A.F., Little Saiwan, H.K. DEVENISH, D. C. S.A.C. 5100108 DJOU, G. G. American International Assurance Co. Ltd., 12-14 Queen's Road C., H.K. DORNHEIM, A. R. U.S. Consulate-General, H.K. DRAKE, Prof. F. S. Dept. of Chinese, H.K.U. DRAKEFORD, L. S. 25 Chatham Road, 11th fl. front, Kln. DUNCANSON, J. D. c/o Barclays Bank (D.C.O.), 1 Cockspur St., Lond. S.W.1. DUNT, P. P.O. Box 94, H.K. EDWARDS, O. P. H.K. & Shanghai Banking Corpn., H.K. ENDACOTT, G. B. Dept. of History, H.K.U. FABER, Mrs. A. 10 Cooper Road, Jardines Lookout, H.K. FABER, S. E. 1 Repulse Bay Road, H.K. FISHER-SHORT, W. 102 MacDonnell Road, H.K. FITZGIBBON, D. J. P.W.D., Central Govt. Offices, Lower Albert Rd., H.K. FUNG, The Hon. Ping-Fan Bank of East Asia Ltd., 10 Des Voeux Rd. C., H.K. GAIFFIER D'HESTROY, Baron P. de Belgian Consul-General, 105 Hongkong & Shanghai Bank Building, H.K. GALVIN, J. A. T. c/o G. B. Godfrey, Esq., Jardine House, 13th fl., H.K. GIBBS, Mrs. M. 48, Dina House, Duddell Street, H.K. GILES, R. Crown Lands & Survey Office, P.W.D., Central Government Offices, East Wing, 2nd fl., H.K. GOLDNEY, Miss C. M. H.K. & Shanghai Banking Corpn., H.K. GOTTSCHALK, E. 6 MacDonnell Road, Apt. 15, H.K. GUADAGNINI, Dr. P. Italian Consul-General, 705 Chartered Bank Building, H.K. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1962 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/9s166f47f 129 EWING, Miss E. FABER, Mrs. Audrey FABER, S. E. FEARON, Joseph FITZGIBBON, Desmond J. FOORD, Dr. Roy D. FRIEDMAN, Jack - FUNG, K, S.- + FUNG, Hon, Ping-fan- - - GABBOTT, Francis Ridyard GAIFFIER D'HESTROY. Baron P. de GALVIN, J. A. T. GIBB, Hugh GIEDROYC. Michal GILES, R. - GOLDNEY, C. M. Miss - J 9-A, Cameron House, 40 Magazine Gap Road, H.K. 10, Cooper Road, Jardines Lookout, H.K. 1, Repulse Bay Road, Hong Kong. 41, Thorny Road, Thornhill, Cumberland, England. c/o P.W.D. Central Government Offices, H.K. C4 Ridge Court, 21 Repulse Bay Road, H.K. American Consulate-General, Garden Road, H.K. c/o Hang Tai & Fungs Co., Ltd. 20, Queen's Road, C. Bank of East Asia Ltd. 10, Des Voeux Rd., C. P. O. Box 232, Hong Kong, + Belgian Consul-General, 105 H.K. & Shanghai Bank Building, Hong Kong. c/o G. B. Godfrey, Esq., Jardine House, 13th floor. c/o Hong Kong & Shanghai Banking Corpn., Hong Kong. Vantage House, Tai Po Road, Kowloon. c/o Crown Lands & Survey Office, P.W.D., Hong Kong. c/o Hong Kong & Shanghai Banking Corpn. H.K. GOOD, Major Donald Arthur CRE Hong Kong, British Forces Post Office GOTTSCHALK, Ernst GUADAGNINI, Dr. Piero + I, H.K. 6, Macdonnell Road, Apt. 15, Hong Kong. Italian Consul-General, 705 Chartered Bank Bldg. Headquarters Land Forces, Hong Kong. HALLIDAY, Lt. Col. P. A. T. HARMAN, Anthony Lisle HARRISON, Prof. B. HAYDON, E. S. HAYES, J. W. HAYIM, E. J. C.B.E, HAYWARD, G. W. HEDLEY-SAUNDERS, Mrs. Joanne HELLBECK, Dr. H. 7 T - Hong Kong & Shanghai Banking Corpn., Hong Kong. Dept. of History, Hong Kong University, Hong Kong. -c/o The Supreme Court, Hong Kong. c/o The Colonial Secretariat, Hong Kong. 41, Island Road, Deep Water Bay, H.K. Economic Survey Section, 804, Man Yee Building, Hong Kong. 11-B, Bowen Road, Hong Kong. c/o German Consulate-General, 1 Duddell Street 4/F. : : ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1963 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/4m90m091v 152 FABER, S. E. FAERBER, M. + FAERBER, Mrs. M. FEARON, J. FISHER-SHORT, W. FITZGIBBON, D. J. - FOERSTER, E. J FOORD, Dr. Roy D. FREEDMAN, Dr. M. FRIEDMAN, J. FUNG, K. S. FUNG, Hon. Ping-fan * + GABBOTT, F. R. GALVIN, J. A. T. * GARCIA, A. GEORGE, Mrs. R. M. GEORGE, T. J. B. GIBB, H. GIEDROYC, M. J. H. GILES, R. GLOVER, G. F. GLOVER, Mrs. J. GOLDNEY, Miss C. M. GOOD, Major D. A. - - + I. Repulse Bay Road, H.K. + c/o Paragon Book Gallery, 140 East 59th Street, New York 22, N.Y., U.S.A. c/o Paragon Book Gallery, 140 East 59th Street, New York 22, N.Y., U.S.A. 41, Thorny Road, Thornhill, Cumberland, England. c/o Education Department (H.K. Sub-Office), Fung House, H.K. c/o P. W. D., Central Government Offices, H.K. c/o P. O. Box 25, H.K. c/o Medical & Health Department, Tower Court, Hysan Avenue, H.K. 187, Gloucester Place, St. Marylebone, London, N.W.1., England. American Consulate-General, 26 Garden Road, H.K. c/o Hang Tai & Fungs Co., Ltd., 20, Queen's Road, Central, H.K. Bank of East Asia Ltd., 10 Des Voeux Road, C., H.K. P. O. Box 232, H.K. c/o G. B. Godfrey, Esq., Jardine House, 13/F., H.K. c/o South Kowloon Magistracy, Kowloon. c/o Political Adviser, Colonial Secretariat, H.K. c/o Political Adviser, Colonial Secretariat, H.K. c/o H.K. & Shanghai Banking Corpn., H.K. Vantage House, Tai Po Road, Kowloon. c/o Crown Lands & Survey Office, P.W.D., H.K. 5-A, Cameron House, 40 Magazine Gap Road, H.K. 5-A, Cameron House, 40 Magazine Gap Road, H.K. c/o H.K. & Shanghai Banking Corpn., H.K. CRE, Hong Kong, British Forces Post Office 1, H.K. *Life Member Please notify the Hon Secretary of any inaccuracy ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1964 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/qz20zx09r 159 FAERBER, Mrs. M. FEARON, J. FISHER-SHORT, W. FITZGIBBON, D. J. FOERSTER, E. J. FOGG, Miss M. FOORD, Dr. R. D. FRASER, A. N. FREEDMAN, Dr. M. FUNG, K. S. FUNG, Hon. Ping-fan* FUSSELL, A. P. GABBOTT, F. R. GALVIN, J. A. T.* GARCIA, A. GARD, Dr. R. A. GEORGE, T. J. B. GIBB, H. GIEDROYC, M. J. H. GILES, R. GLASGOW, Mrs. J. A. GLOVER, G. F. GLOVER, Mrs. J. GODFREY, G. GOLDNEY, Miss C. M. c/o Paragon Book Gallery, 140 East 59th Street, New York 22, N.Y., U.S.A. Flat A, 123 Repulse Bay Road, H.K. Education Dept. (H.K. Sub-Off.), Fung House, H.K. Honeysuckle Cottage, Cinder Hill, North Chailey, Sussex, England. c/o P. O. Box 25, H.K. c/o Physiotherapy Training School, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon. Flat 33, Mount Nicholson, H.K. Apt. 6, 88 Pokfulum Road, H.K. London School of Economics & Political Science, University of London, Houghton St., Aldwych, London, W.C.2., England. c/o Hang Tai & Fungs Co., Ltd., 20 Queen's Road, C., H.K. Bank of East Asia, Ltd., 10 Des Voeux Rd., C., H.K. "Inspectorate Mess", Wong Tai Sin Police Station, Kowloon. P. O. Box 232, H.K. c/o G. B. Godfrey, Esq., Jardine House, 13/F., H.K. c/o South Kowloon Magistracy, Kowloon. c/o American Consulate-General, 26 Garden Road, H.K. c/o Political Adviser, Colonial Secretariat, H.K. c/o H.K. & Shanghai Banking Corpn., H.K. Vantage House, Tai Po Road, Kowloon. c/o Crown Lands & Survey Office, P.W.D., H.K. 39-E, Burnside Estate, South Bay Road, H.K. 5-A Cameron House, 40 Magazine Gap Road, H.K. As above. Peninsula Court, Kowloon, c/o H.K. & Shanghai Banking Corpn., H.K. *Life Member Please notify the Hon Secretary of any inaccuracy LYRIAU DOVANJ ** ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1965 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/s752cj653 132 FUNG, K. S. FUNG. Hon. Ping-fan* GABBOTT, F. R. GALVIN, J. A. T.* GARCIA, A. GARD, Dr. R. A. - GARTNER, J. GEORGE, T. J. B. - GIBB, H. GIEDROYC, M. J. H. GILES, R. GLOVER, Mrs. J. GODFREY, G.- GOLDNEY, Miss C. M. GOODRICH, Prof. L. C. GORDON, K. H. A. - - to Hang Tsai & Fung's Co., Ltd., Room 205 Fu House, H.K. Bank of East Asia, Ltd., 10 Des Voeux Rd., C., H.K. P. O. Box 232, H.K. c/o G. B. Godfrey, Esq., Jardine House, 13/F., H.K. c/o South Kowloon Magistracy, Kowloon. c/o American Consulate-General, 26 Garden Road., H.K. 15 Guildford Lane, Melbourne, Australia. c/o Political Adviser, Colonial Secretariat, H.K. c/o Travellers' Club, Pall Mall, London S.W.1., England. Vantage House, Tai Po Road, Kowloon. c/o Crown Lands & Survey Office, P.W.D., H.K. "Crossways", 49 Christchurch Road, Sidcup, Kent, England. Peninsula Court, Kowloon, c/o H.K. & Shanghai Banking Corpn., H.K. 504 Kent Hall, Columbia University, New York 27, New York, USA, Room 601 Marina House, H.K. GORDON, The Hon. S. S.* Room 703 Prince's Building, H.K. GRAY, Dr. Doris E. GUADAGNINI, Dr. P. GUILLAUME, Baron P. de HARRISON, Prof. B. HAYDON, E. S. HAYES, J. W. + HAYIM, E. I.* HAYWARD, G. W. HECHTEL, F. O. P. + HECHTEL, Mrs. F. O. P. HENSMAN, Dr. Bertha HERRIES, M. A. R. = - + Dept. of Biochemistry, The University, H.K. Via Buon Compani, No. 16, Rome, Italy. Flat 5, Abermor Court, May Road, H.K. Dept. of History, The University, H.K. The Supreme Court, H.K. c/o The Colonial Secretariat, H.K. 41, Island Road, Deep Water Bay, H.K. White Mill End, 5 Granville Road, Seven- oaks, Kent, England. 10 Branksome Towers, May Road, H.K. As above. Chung Chi College, Ma Liu Shui, N.T. c/o P. O. Box 70, H.K. * Life Member Please notify the Hon. Secretary of any inaccuracy ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1966 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/bz60k0811 177 GARCIA, A. GARD, Dr. R. A. GARTNER, J. GEORGE, T. J. B. - L GIBB, H. GIEDROYC, M. J. H. GIMSON, C, H, - GILES, R. + GLASS, Miss M. A. GLOVER, Mrs. J. GOLDNEY, Miss C. M. GOODRICH, Prof. L. C. - c/o South Kowloon Magistracy, Kowloon. c/o U.S. Consulate General, Garden Road, H.K. 15 Guildford Lane, Melbourne, Australia. c/o Diplomatic Service Administration Office, King Charles St., London S.W.1, England, 74 Kenilworth Avenue, London, S.W.19, England. c/o P.W.D. Hq., 4th Floor, Main Wing, Central Government Offices Building, H.K. c/o Crown Lands & Survey Office, P.W.D., H.K. 14 Braga Circuit, Kowloon. "Crossways", 49 Christchurch Road, Sidcup, Kent, England. c/o H.K. & Shanghai Banking Corpn., H.K. 504 Kent Hall, Columbia University, New York 27, New York, U.S.A. GORDON, Mrs. Charles R. 118 Pokfulam Road, H.K. GORDON, K. H. A. J Room 601 Marina House, H.K. GORDON, The Hon. S. S.* - Messrs. Lowe, Bingham & Matthews, 22nd Floor, Prince's Building, H.K. GUADAGNINI, Dr. P. GUILLAUME, Baron P. de HADDOW, Dr. I. F. G. - HALE, Richard E. - Via Buon Compani, No. 16, Rome, Italy, Flat 5, Abermor Court, May Road, H.K. New Territories Health Office, North Kowloon Magistracy, Taipo Road, Kowloon. The Hong Kong & Shanghai Banking Corpn., P. O. Box 64, H.K, HALLWARD, Miss C. L. J. St. Stephens Girls' College, Lyttelton Road, H.K. HARDEN, Mrs. Guy T. Jr.* 15 Shek-O, H.K. HARRISON, Prof. B. T HAYDON, E. S. HAYES, J. W. HAYIM, E. J.* - HAYWARD, G. W. J HEANEY, Robert S. HECHTEL, F. O. P. HENSMAN, Dr. Bertha HERRIES, M. A. R. - Dept. of History, The University, H.K. The Supreme Court, H.K. c/o The Colonial Secretariat, H.K, 41, Island Road, Deep Water Bay, H.K. White Mill End, 5 Granville Road, Sevenoaks, Kent, England. Deer Park, Greenwich, Conn., U.S.A. 10 Branksome Towers, May Road, H.K. + - Chung Chi College, Ma Liu Shui, N.T. c/o P. O. Box 70, H.K. d'HESTROY, Baron P. de G. Belgian Embassy, 1653 Calle Viamonte, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Life Member Please notify the Hon. Secretary of any inaccuracy ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1967 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/0c488p70g The Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society Patron: H.E. Sir David Trench, K.C.M.G., M.C. Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1967: President: J. R. Jones, C.B.E., M.C., M.A., LL.D., J.P. Vice-Presidents: Marjorie Topley, B.Sc.(Econ.), Ph.D.* K. E. Robinson, M.A., F.R.Hist.S., J.P. Hon. Secretary: Miss E. O. Michaeliones, succeeded by T. H. Thomas, B.A. assisted by Mrs. K. R. Hunter, M.A. Hon. Treasurer: G. W. Lanchester, B.A., succeeded by D. S. Gilkes, M.A., C.A. J. S. Lee Hon. Editor: J. W. Hayes, M.A., J.P. Hon. Librarian: H. A. Rydings, M.B.E., M.A., A.L.A. Ma Meng, M.B.E., B.A.* Councillors: H. T. Wu, M.A., J.P. R. Bruce, O.B.E., M.A. M. S. Cumming, O.B.E., J.P. * Editorial Consultants ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1967 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/0c488p70g 194 GIEDROYC, M. J. H.* GILKES, D. A. GIMSON, C. H. GLASS, Miss M. A. GLOVER, Mrs. J. GOLDNEY, Miss C. M. GOODBODY, D. M. GOODRICH, Prof. L. C. GORDON, K. H. A. 31, Richmond Way, Fetcham, Surrey, England. 5 Goldsmith Road, Jardine's Lookout, H.K. c/o P.W.D. Hq., 4th Floor, Main Wing, Central Government Offices Building, H.K. 14 Braga Circuit, Kowloon. "Crossways", 49 Christchurch Road, Sidcup, Kent, England. c/o H.K. & Shanghai Banking Corpn., H.K. Hongkong and Shanghai Bank, Head Office, H.K. 504 Kent Hall, Columbia University, New York 27, New York, U.S.A. Room 601 Marina House, H.K. GORDON, The Hon. S. S.* Messrs. Lowe, Bingham & Matthews, 22nd Floor, Prince's Building, H.K. GRANSDEN, J. H. GRANT, I. F. H. GRANT, Mrs. I. F. H. GRAY, Miss Audrey M. GREGORY, Prof. W. G. GRIFFITHS-OWEN, Miss M. GUILLAUME, Baron P. HADDOW, Dr. I. F. G. HALE, Richard E. HALL, Miss Joyce de Dept. of Modern Languages, The University, Pokfulum, H.K. c/o Jardine Matheson & Co., Ltd., P.O. Box 70, H.K. As above. 9A Cameron House, 40 Magazine Rd., H.K. Dept. of Architecture, The University, Pokfulum, H.K. D-12, Bay Court, Repulse Bay, H.K. Flat 5, Abermor Court, May Road, H.K. New Territories Health Office, North Kowloon Magistracy, Taipo Road, Kowloon. The Hong Kong & Shanghai Banking Corpn., P. O. Box 64, H.K. c/o Colonial Secretariat, H.K. HALLWARD, Miss C. L. J. St. Stephens Girls' College, Lyttelton Road, H.K. HANSON, Miss Katherine Universities Service Centre, 155 Argyle St., Kowloon. HARDEN, Mrs. Guy T. Jr.* 15 Shek-O, H.K. HARRISON, Prof. B. Dept. of History, The University, H.K. HAYDON, E. S. The Supreme Court, H.K. HAYES, J. W. c/o The Colonial Secretariat, H.K. * Life Member Please notify the Hon. Secretary of any inaccuracy ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1968 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/66833948d J. S. Lee THE HONG KONG BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY Patron: H.E. Sir David Trench, K.C.M.G., M.C. Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1968: President: J. R. Jones, C.B.E., M.C., M.A., LL.D., J.P. Vice-Presidents: Marjorie Topley, B.Sc.(Econ.), Ph.D.* K. E. Robinson, M.A., F.R.Hist.S., J.P. Hon. Secretary: T. H. Thomas, B.A. Hon. Treasurer: D. A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A. Hon. Editor: J. W. Hayes, M.A., J.P. Hon. Librarian: H. A. Rydings, M.B.E., M.A., A.L.A. Ma Meng, M.B.E., B.A.* H. T. Wu, M.A., J.P. Councillors: R. Bruce, O.B.E., M.A. (left Hong Kong on retirement in March) M. S. Cumming, O.B.E., J.P. * Editorial Consultants ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1968 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/66833948d 4 room for the Society and its library in a large room of the Supreme Court. During the year we suffered the loss of our very efficient Hon. Secretary Miss Michaeliones who was transferred to the British Council at Leeds and also of our Hon. Treasurer Mr. Lanchester of the Hongkong and Shanghai Bank. We have, however, been fortunate in having as Hon. Secretary Mr. T. H. Thomas of the British Council and as Hon. Treasurer Mr. D. A. Gilkes, a Chartered Accountant on the administrative staff of the Chinese University and we are deeply grateful to them for undertaking a task which occupies so much of their time and labour and those of their staff. I cannot conclude without expressing again our deep appreciation of the support and assistance given to the Society by the British Council and its staff. The Society's early meetings were held in its library; the Council of the Society holds all its meetings in its office; it has provided us with three successive Hon. Secretaries who with their staff, and in particular the indispensable Mrs. O'Hara, have been a tower of strength on which we have relied from the days when the Hong Kong Branch was re-established in 1959. 8 April, 1968 J. R. JONES Lectures in 1967 comprised: - 16 January Major Michael Banks, R.M. A Wall of Snow: Exploration and Mountaineering in the Himalayas, Arctic Greenland, Alaska and the Yukon. 13 February Mr. Chuang C. Shen "Early Chinese Buddhist Paintings in Tunhuang." 6 March Professor J. R. Levenson 'A Dialectical View of Confucius. 1 April Visit to Places of Interest on Hong Kong Island. 3 April Annual General Meeting. 17 May Mr. Hugh Gibb Three films on Angkor and one on "The People of the Great Lake." ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1968 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/66833948d # HON. TREASURER'S REPORT FOR 1967 The Accounts have again been kindly audited by Mr. O. P. Edwards of The Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corporation. I assumed office as Hon. Treasurer last June following Mr. G. W. Lanchester. The Accounts show a small deficit amounting to $738. This is due almost entirely to the increase in expenditure on publications which amounted to $12,670, almost double the expenditure of the previous year. Most of this increase is due to the printing of the 1966 Symposium and Journal and the reprinting of Sir Lindsay Ride's article "The Old Protestant Cemetery in Macao", referred to in the Hon. Treasurer's Report for 1966. It is hoped to recover the cost of these publications by their sale during the current year, and it is gratifying to note that Journal sales for this year are already in excess of the figure for 1967. Members are reminded that Journal receipts for 1967 are predominantly from sales to those outside the Society, the annual Journal being free to members. Annual Memberships, whilst showing an increase over the previous year are considerably less than the total expenditure, and the Society was only able to meet the heavy expenditure on Journals by the income from investments and the sale of Journals. In spite of reminders there are still about 25 members who have not yet altered their bankers' orders from $20 to $30 and it is earnestly hoped that they will take the necessary action. The investments still show an increase in market value over cost, in spite of the depressed market and the effects of devaluation. The amount of $25,333 cash deposit is illusory. Almost one-half has already been used for meeting the printing charges of the Journals, and shown as a Sundry Creditor in these accounts. A further amount of approximately $1,500 representing the balance of a donation from the Asia Foundation has already been used to pay for books: this grant is now exhausted. It is also hoped to reprint Volume I of the Journal which has now been sold out and to increase the stock of books in the library. Members and their friends are earnestly requested to note that there are several back issues of Journals and other publications for sale as listed in the recent pamphlet in the 1967 Journal. Their sale is one way of increasing our income over expenditure. 8 April, 1968 D. A. GILKES ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1968 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/66833948d 1966 HON. TREASURER'S REPORT INCOME & EXPENDITURE FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31ST DECEMBER, 1967 EXPENDITURE HK$ 2,691 Sundry Expenses 1,485 Symposium Expenses Journal Expenses: 1967 Journal and 1966 INCOME HK$ 2,161 1,100 HK$ 180 Sundry Receipts HK$ 200 1,053 Symposium Receipts 1,192 1,383 Journal Receipts 1,708 6,854 Sundries Symposium 58,120 4,144 Old Protestant Cemetery in Macao 406 12,670 60 185 Lecture Expenses 507 6,443 HK$17,658 Purchase of Library Books Surplus Excess of Income over 1,190 Expenditure HK$17,628 HK$17,658 2,055 Interest on Investments 2,750 Life Memberships: 1967 10,177 Annual Memberships: 1967 Annual Memberships 1968 paid in 1967 Deficit Excess of Expenditure over Income 2,249 580 10,901 60 738 ... HK$17,628 BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31st December, 1967 LIABILITIES ASSETS 6,443 HK$35,973 Surplus at 1st January 1967 Less: Expenditure over Income in 1967 HK$42,416 HK$28,431 Investments at Cost 738 13,000 Cash Deposit 985 Cash at Bank 42,416 Surplus at 31st December 1967 41,678 Sundry Creditor --- Printing Charges HK$42,416 12,612 HK$54,290 HK$42,416 INVESTMENTS 125 shares H.K. & Shanghai Banking Corp. London Register at 138.50 200 China Light and Power Co. Ltd. 700 6% Commonwealth of Australia 1977/80 at 16.85 at 86-11/16 HK$17,312 3,370 8,832 (£607 at 14.55) HK$29,514 (Signed) D. A. GILKES, Hon. Treasurer, (Signed) O. P. EDWARDS, Hon. Auditor. HK$28,431 25,333 526 HK$54,290 ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1968 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/66833948d 205 FLETCHER, A. J. FLETCHER, Mrs. C. M. FLETCHER, W. E. L. FOERSTER, E. J. P FOORD, Dr. Roy D. + - + 8, Abermor Court, May Road, H.K. 2 "Friston", 15, Old Peak Road, H.K. As above. c/o P. O. Box 25, H.K. 48 The Rutts, Bushey Heath, Hertfordshire, England. FREEDMAN, Prof. Maurice 187 Gloucester Place, St. Marylebone, London, N.W.1., England. FUNG, K. S. FUNG, Hon. Ping-fan* - + GALVIN, J. A. T.* GARCIA, A. GARD, Dr. R. A. GARTNER, John GASS, Hon. M. D. Irving GEORGE, T. J. B. - GIBB, Hugh + - - c/o Hang Tai & Fung Co., Ltd., Room 205 Fu House, H.K. Bank of East Asia. Ltd., 10 Des Voeux Rd., C., H.K. Loughlinstown House Co., Dublin, Ireland. c/o South Kowloon Magistracy, Kowloon, c/o U.S. Consulate General, Garden Road, H.K. 15 Guildford Lane, Melbourne, Australia, Victoria House, H.K. c/o Diplomatic Service Administration Office, King Charles St., London S.W.1, England. c/o H.K. & Shanghai Banking Corp., H.K. GIEDROYC, J. H. Michael* 31, Richmond Way, Fetcham, Surrey, GIFFORD-HULL, Brig. G. B. - GILKES, D. A. · - GIMSON, C. H. · GLASS, Miss M. A. GLOVER, Mrs. J. ► GOLD, Edward L. - - GOLD, Mrs, Sarah T, - GOLDNEY, Miss C. M. GOODBODY, D. M. - GOODRICH, Prof. L. C. GORDON, K. H. A. + + + England. 49 Beach Road, Repulse Bay, H.K. 5 Goldsmith Road, Jardine's Lookout, H.K. c/o P.W.D. Hq., 4th Floor, Main Wing, Central Government Offices Building, H.K. 14 Braga Circuit, Kowloon. "Crossways", 49 Christchurch Road, Sidcup, Kent, England, 12 Pokfield Road, 1st floor, H.K. As above, c/o H.K. & Shanghai Banking Corpn., H.K. 16 St. Paul's Road, Cannonbury, London, N.1, England. 504 Kent Hall, Columbia University, New York 27, New York, U.S.A. Room 601 Marina House, H.K. * Life Member Please notify the Hon. Secretary of any inaccuracy Page 210 Page 211 ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1969 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/9g553n20d THE HONG KONG BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY Patron: H.E. Sir David Trench, G.C.M.G., M.C. Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1969: President: J. R. Jones, C.B.E., M.C., M.A., LL.D., J.P. Vice-President: Marjorie Topley, B.Sc.(Econ.), Ph.D. Hon. Secretary: J. L. H. Webster, C.M.G., M.A. Hon. Treasurer: D. A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A. Hon. Editor: J. W. Hayes, M.A., J.P. Hon. Librarian: H. A. Rydings, M.B.E., M.A., A.L.A. Councillors: Professor Ma Meng, M.B.E., B.A. H. T. Wu, M.A., J.P. G. A. Bridges, M.A. Commander F. Warrington-Strong, D.S.C.,* R.N. Retd. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1969 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/9g553n20d HON. TREASURER'S REPORT FOR 1968 On the retirement and return to Britain of Mr. O. P. Edwards of the Hongkong & Shanghai Bank the accounts have been kindly audited by Mr. N. N. Chan of Butterfield & Swire (H.K.) Ltd. Members will note that there is an excess of Income over Expenditure amounting to $6,970, compared with a deficit amounting to $738 in the previous year. This has largely been brought about by the increase in sale of publications, which this year amounted to $6,118 (against $1,708 last year). Such a high figure for the sale of publications cannot be expected for the future since this year's figures include the sales of 2 Journals (1967 and 1968) and the full effects of the sales of the brochure on the 1966 Symposium and Sir Lindsay Ride's booklet "The Old Protestant Cemetery in Macao". There is therefore no room for complacency, and it will be noticed that once again annual subscriptions do not cover our total expenditure, the shortfall being covered by bank interest, income from investments and the sale of publications. In December 1968 the 125 shares in the Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corporation (London Register) were sold at a profit of $9,981 and are responsible for the large current account balance ($23,736). The proceeds of this sale have since been re-invested in buying 400 Hong Kong Electric and 400 Lane Crawford, the latter now showing a gratifying increase in market value together with a rights issue of 50 shares. There has also been a recent bonus issue of 133 shares in the China Light & Power. The cost over market value of 6% Commonwealth of Australia 1977/80 can be attributed not only to the low market value of this stock but also to the effects of devaluation. The Society is expected to meet heavy expenditure in the forthcoming year. The 1969 Journal with offprints will call for an amount of $8,000 to 9,000, and it is expected that Volume I of the Journal will be reprinted in the near future, calling for another $3,000. Members are strongly urged to assist in increasing the membership of the Society not only to help towards the cost of this high anticipated expenditure but also to obtain a more satisfactory income over expenditure for the future. D. A. GILKES, Hon. Treasurer. 28 April, 1969. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1969 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/9g553n20d 1967 ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY INCOME AND EXPENDITURE FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31ST DECEMBER, 1968 EXPENDITURE Sundry Expenses (printing, stationery, postage, lecture expenses) --- HK$ 2,668 1,100 Symposium Expenses + 12,670 Journal Expenses +++ HK$ 3,438 1,471 10,518 1,971 Surplus Excess of Income over Expenditure 6,970 1,190 Purchase of Library Books INCOME ... 1967 HK$ 200 Sundry Receipts 1,192 Symposium Receipts 1,708 Sale of Publications 333 Bank Interest Received 1,916 Dividends Received 580 Life Memberships 1968 10,901 Annual Memberships 1968 Annual Memberships 1969 paid in 1968 Deficit - Excess of Expenditure over Income +++ + HK$ 221 1,382 - L L 6,118 2,041 TTT 1,916 +++ +++ 1,100 11,380 210 60 738 HK$17,628 HK$24,368 HK$17,628 HK$24,368 BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31ST DECEMBER, 1968 LIABILITIES ASSETS HK$42,416 Surplus at 1st January, 1968 J HK$41,678 (738) Add: Income over Expenditure in 1968 Profit on Sale of Investments (Note 1) 6,970 HK$28,431 Investments at cost (Note 2) (For market value see below) Balance at Banks 15,518 7,333 Fixed Deposit $12,223 9,981 18,000 Deposit at Call ITT 526 Current Account +++ 7,152 23,736 43,111 41,678 Surplus at 31st December, 1968 12,612 Sundry Creditor-Printing Charges HK$54,290 58,629 HK$58,629 HK$54,290 HK$58,629 INVESTMENTS Note 1: 125 shares Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corporation (London Register) Cost Proceeds of Sale (Dec., 1968) Profit on Sale + HK$12,913 22,894 HK$ 9,981 (Signed) D. A. GILKES, Hon. Treasurer. Note 2: Cost Market Value 200 shares China Light & Power HK$ 4,030 HK$ 5,800 700 shares 6% Commonwealth of Australia 1977/80 11,488 7,150 HK$15,518 HK$12,950 (Signed) N. N. CHAN, Hon. Auditor. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1969 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/9g553n20d 180 THE LIBRARY Most of the periodicals have been received in exchange for our own journal, and form a valuable portion of the collection, many of the titles not being easily accessible elsewhere in Hong Kong. Exchange agreements were made with the following three additional institutions: Monumenta Serica Institute, Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, and Instituto do Luis Camões, Macao. The following is a list of titles added to the Library of the Hong Kong Branch since the publication of the previous list in volume VIII of the Journal. Items marked* are kept at the University Library, and the remainder at the British Council. ALISJAHBANA, S. Takdir. A41 Indonesia: social and cultural revolution. Kuala Lumpur, Oxford U. P., 1966. C517 CH'EN, Yüan (†) Western and central Asians in China under the Mongols; their transformation into Chinese (R$). Los Angeles, Monumenta Serica, 1966. CHINA. Laws, Statutes, etc. C531 Ta Tsing leu lee (#1); being the fundamental laws and a selection from the supplementary statutes of the penal code of China ... Taipei, Ch'eng-wen Publ. Co., 1966. COLLIS, Maurice. C71 Wayfoong: the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation. A study of East Asia's transformation, political, financial and economic, during the last hundred years. London, Faber, 1965. DOOLITTLE, Justus. D69 Social life of the Chinese; with some account of their religious, governmental, educational, and business customs and opinions with special but not exclusive reference to Fuhchau. Taipei, Ch'eng-wen Publ. Co., 1966. EITEL, Ernest J. E36e Europe in China: the history of Hongkong from the beginning to the year 1882. Taipei, Ch'eng-wen Publ. Co., 1968. *FERREIRA, José dos Santos. F38 Macau să assi, Macau, Tipografia da Missao do Padroado, 1967. GILES, Herbert A. G47g Gems of Chinese literature. 2d ed., rev. and greatly enl. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1969 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/9g553n20d 188 FOORD, Dr. R. D. FREEDMAN, Dr. M. FUNG, K. S. FUNG, Hon. Ping-fan* GALVIN, J. A. T.* GARCIA, A. GARD, Dr. R. A. GARTNER, J. + GEOFFROY-DECHAUME, F. GEORGE, T. J. B. GIBB, H. + GIEDROYC, M. J. H.* GILKES, D. A. GIMSON, C. H. GOLD, E. L. GOLD, Mrs. S. T. GOLDNEY, Miss C. M. GOODRICH, Prof. L. C. GORDON, K. H. A. GORDON, Hon. S. S.* GRANT, L. F. H. + GRANT, Mrs. I. F. H. GREGORY, Prof. W. G. GROVE, Mrs. R. 48 The Rutts, Bushey Heath, Hertfordshire, England. 187 Gloucester Place, St. Marylebone, London, N.W.1., England. Tạo Hang Tai & Fungs Co., Ltd., Room 205 Fu House, H.K. Bank of East Asia, Ltd., 10 Des Voeux Rd., C., H.K. Loughlinstown House Co., Dublin, Ireland, c/o South Kowloon Magistracy, Kowloon. 8128 Hamilton Spring Road, Carderock Springs, Bethesda, Maryland 20034, U.S.A. 15 Guildford Lane, Melbourne, Australia. c/o French Consulate General, Realty Building, H.K. c/o Diplomatic Service Administration Office, King Charles St., London S.W.1, England. c/o P.O. Box 64, H.K. 31, Richmond Way, Fetcham, Surrey, England. 5 Goldsmith Road, Jardine's Lookout, H.K. c/o P.W.D. Hq., 4th Floor, Main Wing, Central Government Offices Building, H.K. 12 Pokfield Road, 1st floor, H.K. As above. c/o H.K. & Shanghai Banking Corpn., H.K. 504 Kent Hall, Columbia University, New York 27, New York, USA. Room 601 Marina House, H.K. Messrs. Lowe, Bingham & Matthews, 22nd Floor, Prince's Building, H.K. c/o Jardine, Matheson & Co., Ltd. P.O. Box 70, H.K. As above. Dept. of Architecture, University of Hong Kong, H.K. 10A Barbecue Gardens, 174 Milestone, Castle Peak Road, N.T. GUILLAUME, Baron P. de Flat 5, Abermor Court, May Road, H.K. E Life Member Please notify the Hon. Secretary of any inaccuracy ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1970 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/ww72j0241 THE HONG KONG BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY Patron: H.E. Sir David Trench, G.C.M.G., M.C. Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1970: President: Sir Lindsay Ride, C.B.E., E.D., M.A., D.M., HON.LL.D., J.P. Vice-Presidents: Marjorie Topley, B.SC.(ECON.), PH.D. J. W. Hayes, M.A., J.P. Hon. Secretary: J. L. H. Webster, C.M.G., M.A. Hon. Treasurer: D. A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A. Hon. Editor: J. W. Hayes, M.A., J.P. Hon. Librarian: H. A. Rydings, M.B.E., M.A., A.L.A. Councillors: J. R. Jones, C.B.E., M.C., M.A., LL.D., J.P. Professor Ma Meng, M.B.E., B.A. H. T. Wu, M.A., J.P. G. A. Bridges, M.A. Commander F. Warrington-Strong, D.S.C.,* R.N.RETD. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1970 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/ww72j0241 HON. TREASURER'S REPORT FOR 1969 This year's accounts now before you have been kindly audited by Messrs. Wong, Tan & Co. The Income and Expenditure Account shows a surplus of $5,691 compared with $6,970 in the previous year. However, this seemingly satisfactory position should be treated with reserve. Firstly, as in previous years, the annual membership fees ($10,559) do not cover the total expenditure on Journal expenses, purchase of library books, and sundry expenses, the shortfall being covered by bank interest, income from investments, and the sale of publications. Secondly, there is a drop in the annual membership fees for the first time for many years. Thirdly, the surplus would have been considerably less if the Society had to meet the expenses of re-printing Volume I of the Journal as forecasted last year. The drop in the Sale of Publications from $6,118 to $3,728 was forecasted in my report last year since the 1968 figure reflected the sales of two Journals (1967 and 1968). At the beginning of the year, the Society re-invested the proceeds of sale of the 125 shares in the Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (London Register) in 400 Hong Kong Electric and 400 Lane Crawford; these continue to show a gratifying increase in market value, with the former recently issuing a one for one and the latter a rights issue of 50 shares in April 1969. Unless there is an increase in numbers, thereby producing more annual membership fees, the Society is very unlikely to continue to show a surplus in the current year. Besides the cost of re-printing Volume I ($4,000), now expected by the end of June, the Society will need to meet expenditure on printing this year's Journal and off-prints ($9,000), and the proceedings of the week-end symposium "The Changing Face of Hong Kong" ($3,800); in addition, the Society has recently sponsored a lecture and performance of Peking Opera costing $2,400. It is anticipated, therefore, the Society will show a deficit for the current year, and members are urged to encourage their friends to become members in order to increase annual fees and help to offset the deficit. 13 May 1970. D. A. GILKES ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1970 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/ww72j0241 1968 LIABILITIES Accumulated Funds ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31ST DECEMBER, 1969 HK$41,679 Balance as at 1st January, 1969 HK$58,630 6,970 Add: Surplus of Income over 1968 ASSETS HK$15,519 Quoted Investments at cost (For Market Value see note above) Balance at Banks HK$43,554 Expenditure in 1969 5,691 12,223 Fixed Deposit $12,730 9,981 Profit on Sale of Investments 7,152 23,736 Deposit at Call 7,020 Current Account 2,388 22,138 58,630 Balance of Accumulated Funds at 31st December, 1969 Sundry Creditor--Printing Charges 64,321 1,371 D. A. GILKES, Hon. Treasurer. HK$58,630 HK$65,692 HK$58,630 HK$65,692 REPORT OF THE HON. AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY, HONG KONG BRANCH We have examined the above Balance Sheet with the books and have obtained all the information and explanations we required for the purposes of our audit. In our opinion, the said Balance Sheet is properly drawn up so as to exhibit a true and correct view of the state of the Society's affairs as at 31st December, 1969, according to the best of our information and the explanations given to us and as shown by the books of the Society. WONG, TAN & Co., Chartered Accountants, Hon. Auditors. Hong Kong, 1st May, 1970. 13 ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1970 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/ww72j0241 MORE ON THE YUNG-LO TA-TIEN L. CARRINGTON GOODRICH Half a century ago Dr. Lionel Giles wrote an informative article in the New China Review (vol. II, April 1920) on the Yung-lo ta-tien (hereafter abbreviated as YLTT). Others too, both before and since, have contributed something to our knowledge about this great compilation. It appears time, however, for another sketch and assessment, now that the Veritable Records of the Ming dynasty (Ming shih-lu) and other original sources have been made available. The YLTT was unquestionably the major collective literary enterprise of the Ming period (1368 - 1644). The proposal for the undertaking was officially made by the Grand Secretary Hsieh Chin (1369 - 1415) and others on July 19, 1403. Essentially the purpose was to try to make one complete thesaurus of existing literature. At this point in history the Chinese were just beginning to recover from not one but several devastating conflicts. In the tenth century part of north China had been lost to the Khitan, and both Chinese and non-Chinese peoples had warred over the rest. After the Sung (960+) had come into control of the south and central areas, the Jurchen in the twelfth century drove out the Khitan and bit off part of the Sung domain, to be followed in the thirteenth by the Mongols who conquered all of China in over half a century of campaigning. For seventy years there was peace, and then the Chinese began to throw off the Mongol yoke as well as struggle amongst themselves for mastery. From 1350 to 1380 war raged again, and many a center of culture suffered. It is a wonder that there was anything of value left. But this was not all. The prince of Yen (Chu Ti) at the turn of the century made two attempts to seize the throne from his nephew, and this too resulted in destruction, particularly in the north. He finally achieved success on the second, entering the capital, Nanking, in July 1402, and proclaimed himself emperor, with his reign title as Yung-lo, in January 1403. One may perhaps assign to the invention of printing, both by woodblock and (to a less extent) by movable type, the merit of preserving, through all these centuries from A.D. 900 on, at least part of the literary heritage of the Chinese people. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1970 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/ww72j0241 MORE ON THE YUNG-LO TA-TIEN 21 served in the Legation Guard in Peking in 1900. The Chester Beatty Library (Dublin) has three volumes not otherwise accounted for (chüan 803/4, 805/6, and 10,110/1). The Wason Collection of Cornell University has chüan 13,853, and the National Central Library, Taipei, has chüan 7527, which Yang Chia-lo failed to reproduce. The number at present count then is 809 chüan out of the original total of 22,877 chüan (not counting the table of contents which has been separately published). What subjects are covered in the volumes that have been saved? Practically everything that concerned the Chinese around the year 1400, but in fragmentary fashion. Thought, morals, poetry of several kinds, frontier people (the Hsiung-nu and Hu, for example), geography, surnames, government, law, the spirits, biography, divination, architecture (gates, bridges, halls, storehouses, walls, offices), villages, capital cities, history, burial customs, astronomy, botany, grain, military matters, Buddhism, Taoism, travels, bronzes, food and drink, caves, dreams, scholars, drama, sacrifices, clothing, mathematics, images, carpentry, post stations, shamans, literary collections. Dr. Walter Swingle, writing on the YLTT in the Report of the Library of Congress (1922-23), asserted: "It combined all existing Chinese books that were available to Yung-lo, excepting novels and possibly some plays." Fortunately, his remark was found to be in error when the Library of Congress acquired (1935) from the collection of Dr. H. A. Giles, professor of Chinese at Cambridge University, a copy of a "short historical novel, Ch'ieh-fên-lu and a hsü-lu, purporting to describe the experiences of Sung Hui-tsung, made captive by the Chin in 1127." (The son of Dr. Giles, Lancelot, was in the British Legation during the siege in 1900, and doubtless picked it up then.) The first notice of the famous play P'i-pa chi (The Lute Song) also appears in a volume of the YLTT. Professor Pelliot has characterized as one of the most important volumes saved the sections from a great Yuan dynasty encyclopaedia (Ching-shih ta-tien, published 1331), including a part on courier stations (jamči), now in the Toyo Bunko. Among other interesting works saved, generally fragmentary, are geographical. Francis D. M. Dow of Australian National University has recently drawn attention to certain gazetteers preserved: one of the prefecture of Soochow, published in 1379, for example; and years ago (1929) the Metropolitan ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1970 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/ww72j0241 221 FESSLER, L. FISHER-SHORT, W. FITZGIBBON, D. J. FLETCHER, A. J. FOORD, Dr. R. D. - FREEDMAN, Prof. M. FROST, Dr. C. C. - · FUNG, K. S. FUNG, Mrs. Lawrence FUNG, Hon. Ping-fan* GALVIN, J. A. T.* GARCIA, A. GARD, Dr. R. A. - GEOFFROY-DECHAUME, F. GEORGE, T. J. B. - GIBB, H. GIEDROYC, M. J. H.* - GILKES, D. A. - GIMSON, C. H. GOLDNEY, Miss C. M. GOODRICH, Prof. L. C. GORDON, K. H. A. GORDON, Hon. S. S.*. GRANT, I. F. H. GRANT, Mrs. I. F. H. - GREGORY, Prof. W. G. + c/o American Universities Field Staff, 15 Tung Shan Terrace, 2nd Floor, H.K. c/o Education Dept., Lee Gardens, Hysan Avenue, H.K. c/o British Embassy, Beirut, Lebanon, 8. Abermor Court, May Road, H.K. 48 The Rutts, Bushey Heath, Hertfordshire, England. 187, Gloucester Place, St. Marylebone, London, NW.1., England. C-71, Carolina Gardens, 28 Coombe Road, H.K. Unknown. 65 Mt. Kellett Road, Ground Floor, H.K. c/o Bank of East Asia, Ltd., Des Voeux Road, C., H.K. Loughlinstown House Co., Dublin, Ireland, c/o South Kowloon Magistracy, Kowloon, 8128 Hamilton Spring Road, Carderock Springs, Bethesda, Maryland 20034, U.S.A. c/o French Consulate General, Realty Building, H.K, c/o Diplomatic Service Administration Office, King Charles St., London S.W.1, England, c/o P.O. Box 64, H.K. 31, Richmond Way, Fetcham, Surrey, England, 5 Goldsmith Road, Jardine's Lookout, H.K. c/o Public Works Department, H.K. c/o H.K. & Shanghai Banking Corpn., H.K. 504 Kent Hall, Columbia University, New York 27, New York, U.S.A. Room 601 Marina House, H.K. Messrs. Lowe, Bingham & Matthews, 22nd Floor, Prince's Building, H.K. c/o Jardine, Matheson & Co., Ltd. P.O. Box 70, H.K. As above. Dept. of Architecture, University of Hong Kong, H.K. * Life Member Please notify the Hon. Secretary of any inaccuracy ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1971 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/z029vt43g THE HONG KONG BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY Patron: H.E. Sir David Trench, G.C.M.G., M.C. Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1971: President: Sir Lindsay Ride, C.B.E., E.D., M.A., D.M., HON.LL.D., J.P. Vice-Presidents: Marjorie Topley, B.SC.(ECON.), PH.D. J. W. Hayes, M.A., J.P. Hon. Secretary: Miss E. M. Bellord Hon. Treasurer: D. A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A. Hon. Editor: J. W. Hayes, M.A., J.P. Hon. Librarian: H. A. Rydings, M.B.E., M.A., A.L.A. Councillors: J. R. Jones, C.B.E., M.C., LL.D., J.P. (Past President) Professor Ma Meng, M.B.E., B.A. H. T. Wu, M.A., J.P. G. A. Bridges, M.A. Commander F. Warrington-Strong, D.S.C.,* R.N.RETD. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1971 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/z029vt43g 4 from time to time regarding lecture subjects, and particularly would welcome advance information any of you may have regarding impending visits to the Colony of experts in some branch of Asian affairs, who may be willing to lecture to the Society during their stop-over here in Hong Kong. Other Meetings. In addition to the 10th Anniversary Dinner already referred to, mention must be made of the Annual General Meeting and of the Council meetings. The Annual General Meeting was held on Wednesday, 13th May, 1970, in the Hong Kong Club, at which the reports of the President and the Treasurer were received, the officers of the Society and Council Members were elected and the Auditors appointed. The officers and council members elected were as follows: President: Sir Lindsay Ride, C.B.E. Officers of the Society Vice-Presidents: Dr. Marjorie Topley Mr. J. W. Hayes Hon. Secretary: Mr. J. L. H. Webster, C.M.G. Hon. Librarian: Mr. H. A. Rydings, M.B.E. Hon. Treasurer: Mr. D. A. Gilkes Other Members of Council Dr J. R. Jones, C.B.E. (Past-President). Professor Ma Meng, M.B.E. Mr. H. T. Wu Commander F. Warrington-Strong, D.S.C. Mr. G. A. Bridges During the year, the Council met nine times, and I have much pleasure in informing you that (a) on the 4th May, 1970, Mr. J. W. Hayes was appointed to the vacant Vice-Presidency; (b) on the 29th June, Dr. J. R. Jones, the retiring President, was invited to become an Honorary Member of the Society, an invitation which he honoured us by accepting. This action was taken under Rule 9 which provides that "Persons of eminent attainment, rank or situation or persons who have rendered distinguished service towards ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1971 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/z029vt43g On the Balance Sheet members will note the Sundry Creditor - Printing charges $17,000. This is for the 1970 Journal and the symposium "The Changing Face of Hong Kong", referred to earlier. The local investments continue to show a gratifying increase in market value over cost: these are kept constantly under review. 3 May 1971. D. A. Gilkes ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1971 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/z029vt43g ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31ST DECEMBER, 1970 LIABILITIES 1969 ASSETS 1969 Accumulated Funds HK$43,554 HK$58,630 Balance as at 1st January 1970 HK$64,321 Deduct: Deficit of Expenditure (5,691) over Income in 1970 58,630 Quoted Investments at cost... (For Market Value see Note below) 6,529 12,730 Fixed Deposit $13,415 7,020 Deposit at Call ... 15,520 Balance of Accumulated Funds at 64,321 31st December, 1970 1,371 Sundry Creditor-Printing Charges 2,388 Current Account 2,303 31,238 17,000 HK$65,692 HK$74,792 HK$65,692 HK$74,792 D. A. GILKES, Hon. Treasurer. REPORT OF THE HON. AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY, HONG KONG BRANCH We have examined the above Balance Sheet with the books and have obtained all the information and explanations we required for the purposes of our audit. In our opinion, the said Balance Sheet is properly drawn up so as to exhibit a true and correct view of the Society's affairs as at 31st December 1970, according to the best of our information and the explanations given to us and as shown by the books of the Society. WONG, TAN & Co., Chartered Accountants, Hon. Auditors. Hong Kong, 15th April, 1971. 12 ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1971 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/z029vt43g 231 FOORD, Dr. R. D. FORD, J. F. - FREARSON, William FREEDMAN, Prof. M. FROST, Dr. C. C. - FRY, R. A. FUNG, Mrs. Lawrence FUNG, Hon. Ping-fan* GAILEY, Mrs. Norah · GALVIN, J, A, T.* GARCIA, A. GARD, Dr. R. A. + - GEOFFROY-DECHAUME, F. - GEORGE, T. J. B. - GIBB, H. GIEDROYC, M. J. H.* - - GILKES, D. A. - GIMSON, C. H. - GOLDBERG, Frank J. M. - GOLDNEY, Miss C. M. GOODBODY, D. M. - GOODRICH, Prof. L. C. GORDON, K. H, A. + GORDON, Hon. S. S.* - GRANT, I. F. H. - GRANT, Mrs. I. F. H. - - + - - 48 The Rutts, Bushey Heath, Hertfordshire, England. c/o Universities Service Centre, 155 Argyle Street, Kowloon. 908 Caritas, 2 Caine Road, H.K. 187, Gloucester Place, St. Marylebone, London, NW.1., England. 88. South Shore Drive, Springfield, Massachusetts 0118, U.S.A. 13, Leighton Hill Flats, 16 Link Road, H.K. 65 Mt. Kellett Road, Ground Floor, H.K. c/o Bank of East Asia, Ltd., Des Voeux Road, C., H.K. Flat 16, 14 Mt. Austin Road, H.K. Loughlinstown House Co., Dublin, Ireland. c/o Central Magistracy, H.K. 8128 Hamilton Spring Road, Carderock Springs, Bethesda, Maryland 20034, U.S.A. c/o French Consulate General, Realty Building, H.K. c/o Diplomatic Service Administration Office, King Charles St., London S.W.1, England. c/o P.O. Box 64, H.K. 31, Richmond Way, Fetcham, Surrey, England. 5 Goldsmith Road, Jardine's Lookout, H.K. c/o Public Works Department, H.K. 100 Peak Road, Flat 2, The Peak, H.K. c/o H.K. & Shanghai Banking Corpn., H.K. 727 Prince's Building, H.K. 504 Kent Hall, Columbia University, New York 27, New York, USA. Room 601 Marina House, H.K. Messrs. Lowe, Bingham & Matthews, 22nd Floor, Prince's Building, H.K. c/o Jardine, Matheson & Co., Ltd. P.O. Box 70, H.K. As above. * Life Member Please notify the Hon. Secretary of any inaccuracy ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1972 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/gm80qf99h The Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society Patron: H.E. Sir Murray Maclehose, K.C.M.G., M.B.E., M.A. Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1972: President: Marjorie Topley, B.Sc.(Econ.), Ph.D. Vice-Presidents: J. W. Hayes, M.A., J.P. Professor Ma Meng, M.B.E., B.A. Hon. Secretary: M. Smithies, M.A.(Oxon), M.A.(Calif). Hon. Treasurer: D. A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A. Hon. Editor: J. W. Hayes, M.A., J.P. Hon. Librarian: H. A. Rydings, M.B.E., M.A., A.L.A. Councillors: J. R. Jones, C.B.E., M.C., LL.D., J.P. (Past President) Sir Lindsay Ride, C.B.E., E.D., M.A., D.M., LL.D., J.P. (Past President) G. A. Bridges, M.A. James C. Y. Watt, M.A. L. R. Wright, A.B., M.A., Ph.D. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1972 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/gm80qf99h # HON. TREASURER'S REPORT FOR 1971 The Accounts now before you have again been kindly audited by Messrs. Wong, Tan & Co. The deficit of Expenditure over Income for this year amounts to $792, compared with a deficit of $6,529 in the previous year. This is not, unfortunately, due to increased income but rather to decreased expenditure. Journal and other Publication expenses in 1970 ($20,350) were, as members may recall, exceptionally heavy, due to the number of publications about to be printed. The 1971 expenditure under this category ($16,657) is also high due to the following publications due for printing: the 1971 Journal, the report of the 1970 Symposium, and the Journal index. Such expenditure is of course a healthy sign of the Society's activities in this direction. The shortfall in Annual memberships to cover the expenditure is, as in previous years, made up by bank interest and dividends. Annual memberships are the most important part of the Society's income and members are actively encouraged to urge their friends to join the Society, not only to increase the income under this heading, but in order to make the Society wider known and permit more persons to share in its worthwhile activities. The Sundry Creditors on the Balance Sheet are for the publications referred to earlier. Local investments continue to show a gratifying increase in market value, which cannot unfortunately be said for the 6% Commonwealth of Australia Stock. The investments of the Society are kept constantly under review. March 25, 1972. D. A. Gilkes Hon. Treasurer ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1972 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/gm80qf99h ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY HONG KONG BRANCH INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER, 1971 1970 HK$ 500 Life Memberships 1970 EXPENDITURE Journal and other Publication HK$20,350 2,576 Peking Opera.... 2,933 Sundry Expenses Expenses (printing, stationery, postage, lecture expenses) 2,637 Symposium Expenses 219 Purchase of Books 110 +++ --- +++ +++ HK$16,657 INCOME HKS 200 10,853 Annual Memberships 1971 10,752 240 Annual Memberships 1972 paid in 1971 30 3,509 Sale of Publications 2,699 Symposium Receipts 685 Bank Interest Received 3,350 Dividends Received 350 Sundry Receipts Balance being Deficit of Expenditure over Income transferred to Accumulated Funds 2,303 1,681 --- --- 3,208 200 792 HK$19,166 6,529 HK$19,166 HK$28,715 D. A. GILKES, Hon. Treasurer. REPORT OF THE HON. AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY, HONG KONG BRANCH We have examined the above Balance Sheet with the books and have obtained all the information and explanations we required for the purpose of our audit. In our opinion, the said Balance Sheet is properly drawn up so as to exhibit a true and correct view of the state of the Society's affairs as at 31st December, 1971, according to the best of our information and the explanations given to us and as shown by the books of the Society. Hong Kong, 21st March, 1972. WONG, TAN & Co., Chartered Accountants, Hon. Auditors. 8 ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1972 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/gm80qf99h 72 HENRY JAMES LETHBRIDGE their duties effectively. Of this latter group, student-interpreters in the Consular Corps probably made the greatest contribution — such names as Herbert A. Giles, E.H. Parker, E.D.H. Fraser, W.F. Mayers, Thomas Watters, G.M.H. Playfair, E.T.C. Werner,44 speak for themselves but Hong Kong cadets, although few in number (from 1861 to 1941 only eighty-five were appointed), also made a significant contribution and one should cite not only Lockhart but Sir Cecil Clementi45 and Sir R.F. Johnston. All these early British 'scholar-officials' helped to lay the foundations in Britain of Chinese studies and were among the first to staff and to head new departments of Chinese studies or to interest people in the study of a unique Asian civilisation and culture. Lockhart, of course, was a busy, conscientious and efficient civil servant who could not spend his working hours brooding over knotty problems of translation or sinological conundrums; but he was always a remarkably energetic man and, according to his daughter, rose early in the morning and did his private work long before his Department was open officially. Lockhart's studies appear to have extended into the evenings as well. There is an interesting reference to him, by T. Kirkman Dealy, in the Preface (1907) to his revised edition of Chambers' English-Cantonese Dictionary: I still vividly retain very clear recollection of a periodical after-dinner meeting which I was privileged to attend, in the middle eighties, at the former London Mission House, where, round a lamp-lighted table, under the personal presidency of the then venerable head of the London Mission [Dr. John Chalmers], sat the late Dr. Faber, Mr. J.H. Stewart Lockhart (now His Honour the Commissioner for Wei-hai-wei), Mr. (now Dr.) G.H. Bateson Wright, Head Master of Queen's College, Mr. Addys of the Hongkong and Shanghai Bank, the late Mr. A. Falconer, Second Master of the old Government Central School, and others, eagerly discussing, assiduously comparing, commenting on, and revising, translations of portions of a minor Chinese classic made, since the previous session, by individual members of the class.46 This very Victorian passion for work, which embraced not only his official duties but his private interest in sinology, allowed Lockhart to publish in 1893 his first book, a Manual of Chinese Quota- ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1972 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/gm80qf99h SIR JAMES HALDANE STEWART LOCKHART 73 tions, being a translation of the Ch'eng Yu K'ao by Ch'iu Chin (A.D. 1419-1495), a famous scholar of the Ming Dynasty. It is, in Herbert A. Giles' words: 'usually the first work of reference suggested by the teacher when his pupils' acquaintance with book-Chinese passes from mere acquisition of individual characters in simple locutions to the study of the figurative and allusive language which forms the backbone of general literature'.47 The first edition of 300 copies was published in Hong Kong by Kelly and Walsh and was well received at first by such reviewers as E.J. Eitel and E.H. Parker; but an unsolicited, detailed and acerbic review by the relentless controversialist and sinologue, Herbert A. Giles, gave rise to a lengthy debate in the China Review, which reverberated through three volumes of the journal.48 This debate on the meaning of certain Chinese characters is a splendid example of odium sinologorum and furor academicus. Lockhart, after suffering Giles' first furious onslaught on his credentials as a Chinese scholar, asked Ho Kai for an opinion on Giles' linguistic strictures and the obliging doctor responded with a short letter to the China Review in which he stated of Giles' review that about one-third is correct and consequently valuable, another one-third on doubtful and trivial points not altogether right; the remaining one-third is totally wrong.”49 Giles rushed into print in a further lengthy article to crush the very judicious Ho Kai. He wrote: 'Of Dr. Ho Kai as a "competent native scholar" I had never before heard; and as he has not yet thought fit to submit to public approval any specimens of his scholarship, competent or otherwise, he may be dismissed incontinently from the case.'50 Dismissed he was for Ho Kai did not venture to re-enter the lists. The controversy centred, among other linguistic problems, on the meaning of the characters, translated by Gustave Schlegel as 'cowcloth'. This eminent Dutch Professor of Chinese at Leyden University, co-editor with Henri Cordier of T'oung Pao, provided a magisterial summing-up in 1897 of the linguistic issues involved.51 There the controversy came to an end with, it would seem, the contestants mutually exhausted. Lockhart, who was a warm-hearted and balanced man, appears not to have borne Giles malice. In 1931 he paid Giles, by now Professor of Chinese at Cambridge University, the tribute of producing a compilation of the Chinese texts which underlay the passages published in the prose volume of Giles' Gems of Chinese Literature, the first edition of which appeared in ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1972 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/gm80qf99h 74 HENRY JAMES LETHBRIDGE 1883 and the second in 1922. Gems of Chinese Literature was in its time 'probably the most comprehensive selection of translations from the Chinese that has appeared in any European language.'52 Lockhart's Manual of Chinese Quotations, which gave so much offence to Giles, was re-issued in 1903 in a second, enlarged edition of 1,000 copies; and a reviewer in the Chinese Recorder spoke of it now as 'a splendid book'.53 In 1930 the Oxford University Press published the Index to the Tso Chuan, compiled by Sir Everard Duncan Home Fraser and revised and prepared for the press by Lockhart. The text, with its many Chinese characters, was printed by the Commercial Press of Shanghai. The Tso Chuan is the famous commentary upon the Spring and Autumn Annals of Confucius; it is also a narrative of events in China from 722 to 462 B.C. Dr. Legge, in Lockhart's words: 'had appended to each of his translations of the Chinese Classics a valuable Index, (but) he had made an exception in the case of the Tso Chuan because, as he stated, the time and labour necessary for such an undertaking were more than he could command. He, therefore, had to satisfy himself by giving a list under the different Radicals of such characters as are found in the Tso Chuan, in addition to those given in his Index to the Chinese Characters and Phrases in the Ch'un Ch'iu. This list, though useful to a certain extent, does not meet the need of a complete Index, and it is that want that the Index now published is intended to supply'.54 E.D.H. Fraser, who compiled the Index, was appointed Student Interpreter in China in 1880, a year after Lockhart was appointed a Hong Kong cadet; Fraser became Consul-General at Shanghai in 1911 and died there in 1922. He was, like Lockhart, a Scot, educated at Aberdeen University; and the two scholars were very close friends. Fraser, according to Lockhart, was 'one of the best scholars of Chinese in H.M. Consular Service which has produced such eminent scholars as Watters, Parker and Giles.'55 The Index had been completed for many years before Fraser died but for some reason, presumably financial, it was left unpublished at his death. A reviewer in the T'oung Pao praised Lockhart for 'la révision minutieuse à laquelle M. J.H. Stewart Lockhart l'a soumis, le travail est fait et bien fait.'56 In the second half of the nineteenth century the study of folklore57 became, like the study of botany, geology and zoology through- ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1972 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/gm80qf99h 82 HENRY JAMES LETHBRIDGE It is an interesting comment on Johnston that he visited England only twice in twenty-eight years of residence in China. See Johnston's obituary in the Times of 8 March, 1938. 37 R. F. Johnston's, Twilight in the Forbidden City, London, 1934, describes his experiences as an Imperial tutor. 38 Much information on Johnston's experiences as District Officer and Magistrate are given in his book, Lion and Dragon in Northern China. 39 Annual Report on Weihaiwei for 1921, p. 3. 40 Annual Report on Weihaiwei for 1903, p. 5. From time to time the Magistrate's office issued proclamations in Chinese, notifying the people of the wishes of the Government. All the villages of the Territory were provided with large notice boards on which such proclamations were posted. The style of governing in Weihaiwei owed much to Chinese example. 41 Annual Report on Weihaiwei for 1904, p. 26. The statement is taken from Johnston's 'Report of the Secretary to Government for the Year 1904'. This is a most interesting report on Chinese society in Weihaiwei, 42 The China Review was founded in 1872 by N. B. Dennys. The publication terminated with vol. xxv, 1901. It was published bi-monthly. 43 Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society for 1937, pp. 391-3. 44 In his obituary notice of E. H. Parker, E. T. C. Werner wrote: "The editor's request to write this notice puts me in a rather awkward position, for I cannot but refer to the very great amount of valuable sinological work which has been done by members of the British Consular Service in China. Considering its relatively small size, the Service has produced proportionately more brilliant sinologists than any body connected with the Far East.” See Journal of the North-China Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society (henceforth cited as JNCBRAS), vol. lvii, 1926, p. vi. 45 Sir Cecil Clementi (1875-1947). Educated at Oxford. Hong Kong cadet in 1899. Governor of Hong Kong 1925-30. He published, among other books, The Chinese in British Guiana, Georgetown, 1915, Cantonese Love-Songs, Oxford, 1904, and Summary of Geographical Observations taken during a Journey from Kashgar to Kowloon, 1907-8, Hong Kong, 1911. 46 Lockhart's interest in the Chinese language is recognised in the dedication to him of Mok Man-cheung's Tah Tsz Anglo-Chinese Dictionary, 2nd edition (Chinese foreword dated 9th October, 1914). Mok had served in the Registrar-General's department with Lockhart, and moved to the Supreme Court as an interpreter in 1891. See also note 71 below. 47 China Review, vol. xxi, 1892/93, p. 405. 48 Vols. xx to xxii. The disputants included E. J. Eitel, E. H. Parker, E. D. H. Fraser, H. A. Giles, and Lockhart. The first edition of Lockhart's book was dedicated to Dr. John Chalmers, the distinguished sinologue, and the second to Dr. James Legge as well. Lockhart spoke of them as 'two famous Aberdonians'. 49 China Review, vol. xxi, 1892/93, p. 412. 50 China Review, vol. xxii, 1893/94, p. 547, 51 T'oung Pao, vol. viii, 1897, pp. 412-430. 52 Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 6, 1930-32, p. 812. 53 Chinese Recorder, Sept. 1903, p. 464. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1972 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/gm80qf99h 86 HENRY JAMES LETHBRIDGE 'Memorandum ... on the subject of a Petition addressed to the House of Commons praying for an amendment of the Constitution of Hong Kong', Hong Kong Sessional Papers, no. 26 of 1896, pp. 427-434. The Currency of the Farther East from the earliest times up to the present day, Hong Kong, Noronha & Co., 1895-98, 3 Vols. (Second edition 1907). *Memorandum on the Registration of Chinese Partners', Hong Kong Sessional Papers, no. 43 of 1901, pp. 8-13. A Confidential Report of a Journey in the Province of Shantung including a Visit to Kiaochou: Hong Kong, Noronha and Co., 1903, pp. 57, with XII enclosures. The Stewart Lockhart Collection of Chinese Copper Coins, (North China Branch, Royal Asiatic Society, Extra Vol., no. 1), Shanghai, Kelly and Walsh, 1915. 'A Note on Three Chinese Gold Coins", New China Review, Vol. 3, [Oct. 1921], no. 5, pp. 386-388. Index to the Tso Chuan, compiled by Everard D.H. Fraser, revised and prepared for the press by James Haldane Stewart Lockhart, London, Oxford University Press, 1930. (Reprinted Ch'eng-wen Publishing Co., Taipei, 1966). Han Wen Ts'ui Chen by Chai Li-ssu (H.A. Giles), Chinese texts collected by Sir James H. Stewart Lockhart, K.C.M.G., Shanghai, Commercial Press, 1931. THE NEW TERRITORIES 'Extracts from a Report by Mr. Stewart Lockhart on the Extension of the Colony of Hong Kong', Hong Kong Sessional Papers, no. 9 of 1899, pp. 181-198. Report on the New Territory at Hong Kong, Cmd. 403, London, H.M.S.O., 1900. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1972 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/gm80qf99h BOOK REVIEWS 236 student can afford, or indeed wishes, to carry Cordier and his successors around, and yet needs a handy reference. Hong Kong, September, 1972 JAMES HAYES MANDARIN PRONUNCIATION EXPLAINED WITH DIAGRAMS. Raymond Huang. Hong Kong. Hong Kong University Press. It is truly unfortunate that the book under review fails to do what it was intended to do. The expressed goals are important, and students and teachers of Chinese do indeed need a pronunciation guide of the type proposed in the present volume. However, the book is marred by some basic mistakes which effectively destroy its credibility and negate its value as a guide for beginners. From the text and references one can deduce that the author is a trained phonetician and that his knowledge of English phonetics is very good. But it is also obvious that he did not give the same attention to Chinese. As a result his articulatory description of Chinese is full of errors, the Chinese-English contrasts are unreliable, and the overall product is more harmful than helpful. As a minor example, in discussing Mandarin tones the author has confused the 5th tone as marked in Mathews' Dictionary (all of which are reflexes of entering tone forms in final -p, -t, and -k, still distinctive in some Mandarin dialects) with his own 5th tone which is the modern Mandarin unstressed, atonic form. Thus (p. xxvi) he marks the question particle ma as 5th tone in his system because it is often toneless, but he notes that the 5th tone does not occur in modern Peking Mandarin and seems to imply that this is why Mathews' Dictionary marks this character with 4th tone. Historically this particular form was not in the entering tone category and would never be marked 5th tone in Mathews. Huang's comments simply compound confusion on the matter. But a much more flagrant error is his attempt to describe Mandarin initial stops and affricates as contrasting on a voiced-voiceless axis. Thus, the author tells us that the Wade-Giles initial consonant pairs p p', t t', k k', ch ch', ts ts' contrast in the same way as English p b, t d, k g, ch j and ts dz. If this were actually true, one of the major stumbling blocks would be removed from ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1972 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/gm80qf99h BOOK REVIEWS 237 the path of English speakers learning Mandarin. A pronunciation problem exists because most English speakers do just what Huang directs them to do, i.e., make voiced-voiceless contrasts for these initial sounds instead of the voiceless aspirate-inaspirate contrasts made by the native speakers. If such mistakes are understood by the native speaker it is only because they are adapting to the pronunciation errors and not because the errors are unimportant. Such adaptation is of course automatic and easy if this is the only mistake a beginner makes. However, any beginning student can be expected to add mispronunciations of tone and vowel to the problem of the initials and it is clear that the pronunciation errors can easily multiply beyond the ability of the native speaker to compensate for them. In the long run every area of mispronunciation is equally important and the language instructor cannot afford to let students reinforce any weaknesses.* It is ironic that many older works were more accurate than Huang in this respect. Wade-Giles p', t', etc. represent a clear attempt to demonstrate that these contrasts were NOT voiced versus voiceless. Huang misses the point altogether when (pp. xx-xxi) he says "voiceless plosives should be written as P, T, K, and the voiced ones simply as B, D, G." The Yale system uses such a symbolization but obviously the symbols themselves are totally unimportant, purely a matter of agreement among the users. The critical point is how these symbols are related to pronunciation in articulatory terms. Here Huang misdirects the student, while the textbooks using the Yale romanization write b, d, g, but clearly describe them as representing voiceless consonants. Huang continues to mislead his readers by equating English and Chinese sounds when they are not equal. On page xxvi he equates Mandarin yi with the English vowel in see. This is phonetically inaccurate and touches on another common area of mispronunciation in Chinese. The English vowel as in see normally has an off-glide [-iy] with a shift in position of articulation. The Chinese vowel in yi has no offglide and, after the initial consonant or semiconsonant, is pronounced as a pure vowel [-i]. A similar situation exists *Y. R. Chao suggests (Mandarin Primer, p. 21) that, failing to master voiceless initial stops and affricates, the student may "as a last resort" pronounce them as their voiced English counterparts. He then notes, "The use of voiced consonants.... is not absolutely correct and will give a strong foreign accent." ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1973 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/8910rj06r The Hong Kong Branch of the Asiatic Society Royal Asiatic Patron: H.E. Sir Murray Maclehose, K.C.M.G., M.B.E., M.A. Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1973: President: Marjorie Topley, B.Sc.(Econ.), Ph.D. Vice-Presidents: J. W. Hayes, M.A., J.P. Professor Ma Meng, M.B.E., B.A. Hon. Secretary: Miss M. G. Knowles, B.A. Hon. Treasurer: D. A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A. Hon. Editor: J. W. Hayes, M.A., J.P. Hon. Librarian: H. A. Rydings, M.B.E., M.A., A.L.A. Councillors: J. R. Jones, C.B.E., M.C., LL.D., J.P. (Past President) G. A. Bridges, M.A. M. Smithies, M.A.(Oxon), M.A.(Calif). James C. Y. Watt, M.A. L. R. Wright, A.B., M.A., Ph.D. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1973 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/8910rj06r 5 our application for acceptance as a constituent Society was agreed by the Arts Centre, and we will have a nominated member of our Council on its Management Committee on all future occasions it meets to discuss plans for facilities. The two tours held during the year were organised by two of your officers. One, to the Chinese University, was arranged by Mr. D. A. Gilkes, Honorary Treasurer. The other, to places of historical interest in the Pokfulum area, was arranged by Mr. James Hayes, Vice-President and Honorary Editor. Both events appear to have been very successful. In November we had our 5th symposium which took place as usual at The Hong Kong Club--one of the few moderately priced places appropriate for this kind of event in Hong Kong. The subject was "Hong Kong: Chinese Tradition and the Development of a Town" and papers were read by people either actively involved in original research, or in the practical aspects of their subjects. It was accompanied by an exhibition of photographs arranged with the kind help of the City Hall staff, and an exhibition of ritual paraphernalia connected with Triad Societies, provided by the Royal Hong Kong Police Force in conjunction with a paper read by one of its officers. The very useful material emerging at this symposium will be published in our brochure series. The material from our previous symposium on the botany of Hong Kong is in process of publication, and this coming week-end we will have our 6th symposium, on Hong Kong Fauna, organised by Professor B. Lofts of the Department of Zoology, University of Hong Kong. Since the end of the last calendar year several other events have already taken place and might be mentioned here. The first meeting of this year, at which Mr. James Watt of your Council spoke on recent archeological discoveries in China, was attended by our Patron, Sir Murray Maclehose and Lady Maclehose. A very successful tour to Thailand was organised by Mr. Smithies, who has been our Honorary Secretary for the past financial year. It was preceded by a panel presentation on Thailand in which Mr. Smithies participated, together with Mr. James Watt, and the Royal Thai Consul General. Nineteen members and their guests attended the tour itself, which took place over the Chinese New Year in February. I am pleased to report that the event was a great social success, those taking part organising a party on their return. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1974 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/x633mp077 The Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society Patron: H.E. Sir Murray Maclehose, K.C.M.G., M.B.E., M.A. Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1974: President: Marjorie Topley, B.Sc.(Econ.), Ph.D. Vice-Presidents: J. W. Hayes, M.A., J.P. H. A. Rydings, M.B.E., M.A., A.L.A. Hon. Secretary: A. I. Diamond, M.A. Hon. Treasurer: D. A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A. Hon. Editor: J. W. Hayes, M.A., J.P. Hon. Librarian: H. A. Rydings, M.B.E., M.A., A.L.A. Councillors: J. R. Jones, C.B.E., M.C., LL.D., J.P. (Past President) Sir Lindsay Ride, C.B.E., E.D., M.A., D.M., LL.D., J.P. (Past President) Helga Werle, Phil. sin. cand. (Munich) F. Geoffroy Dechaume, Consul General for France James C. Y. Watt, M.A. K. A. Westcott, B.A., Dip.Ed. L. R. Wright, A.B., M.A., Ph.D. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1974 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/x633mp077 ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY HONG KONG BRANCH BALANCE SHEET as at 31ST DECEMBER 1973 LIABILITIES Accumulated Funds $57,000 $55,450.36 Balance as at 1st January, 1973... Add: Surplus on Sale of 400 Lane Crawford "A" Shares $38,762.34 $55,450.36 38,762.34 Excess of Income over Expenditure in 1973. $5,513.40 HK$ $ 53,630.74 Balance at Banks $55,450 Balance of Accumulated Funds at 31st December 1973 Sundry Creditors Printing Charges $ 99,726.10 22,000 18,000.00 Thailand Trip .. 14,737 13,322 1972 1972 HK$ $60,541 HK$ $ 60,541,40 6,910.66 (1,550) ++ $ 53,630.74 5,513.40 J ASSETS Quoted Investments (see below) Cost at 1st January, 1973 Deduct: Cost of 400 “A” Shares Lane Crawford Ltd. Sold ... HK$ Fixed Deposit $56,743.58 6,000.00 Deposit at Call 1,351.78 Current Account 64,095.36 11,150 TTL $88,600 $117,726.10 $88,600 $117,726.10 D. A. GILKES, Hon. Treasurer. Note: QUOTED INVESTMENTS HELD AT 31ST DECEMBER 1973 £700 Stocks 6% Commonwealth of Australia 1977/80 Cost HK$11,488.38 Market Value HK$ 5,493.65 674 Shares China Light and Power Co. Ltd. 4,816.82 13,143.00 6,000 Shares Hong Kong Electric Co. Ltd. 12,486.80 23,400.00 500 "A" Shares Lane Crawford Ltd. 8,638.74 9,100.00 6,300 "B" Shares Lane Crawford Ltd. 16,200.00 15,120.00 HK$53,630.74 HK$66,256.65 8 ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1974 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/x633mp077 132 JAMES HAYES BIBLIOGRAPHY In English Alabaster, Chaloner Grenville, The Laws of Hong Kong, 3 vols., Hong Kong, Noronha and Co., Government Printers, 1913. Arlington, L. C., Through the Dragon's Eyes, Fifty Years' Experiences of a Foreigner in the Chinese Government Service, London, Constable, 1931. Baker, H. D. R., 'The Five Great Clans of the New Territories', in JHKBRAS, 5, 1965: 25-47. A Chinese Lineage Village, Sheung Shui, London, Frank Cass, 1968. Balfour, S. F., 'Hong Kong before the British being a local history before the British occupation', Shanghai, T'ien Hsia Monthly, Vols. 11-12, 1940-41; 330-352, 440-464. Reprinted in JHKBRAS, 10, 1970: 134-179. Barnett, K. M. A., 'The Peoples of the New Territories' in J. M. Braga (compiler), Hong Kong Business Symposium, Hong Kong, South China Morning Post, Ltd., 1957, pp. 261-265. 'Hong Kong before the Chinese', 'Technical Revolution in 900 AD' and 'The Riddle of the Hakka', Hong Kong, South China Morning Post, 24-26th April, 1967. Collingwood, Cuthbert, Rambles of a Naturalist on the Shores and Waters of the China Sea, London, John Murray, 1868. Cooper, J. T., 'The Mapping of Hong Kong' in JHKBRAS 9, 1969: 131-140. Des Voeux, Sir G. William, My Colonial Service in British Guiana, St. Lucia, Trinidad, Fiji, Australia, Newfoundland and Hong Kong, London, John Murray, 1903, 2 vols. Eitel, E. J., (revised and enlarged by Immanuel Gottlieb Genähr), A Dictionary of the Chinese Language, 2 vols., Hong Kong, Kelly and Walsh, 1910-1911. Fox, Grace, British Admirals and Chinese Pirates 1832-1869, London, Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., 1940. Franke, Wolfgang, An Introduction to the Sources of Ming History, Kuala Lumpur, University of Malaysia Press, Singapore 1968. Fu, Lo-shu (Compiler), A Documentary Chronicle of Sino-Western Relations (1644-1820), 2 vols., Tucson, University of Arizona Press, 1966. Giles, H. A., A Chinese English Dictionary, Second Edition, revised and Enlarged. Shanghai, Hong Kong, etc., Kelly and Walsh, 1912. Groves, R. G., 'Militia, Market and Lineage: Chinese Resistance to the Occupation of Hong Kong's New Territories in 1899', JHKBRAS, 9, 1969: 31-64. Hay, Sir John C. Dalrymple, The Suppression of Piracy in the China Sea, 1849, London, Edward Stanford, 1889. Hayes, J. W., 'Cheung Chau 1850-1898: Information from Commemorative Tablets', JHKBRAS 3, 1963: 88-99. 'The San On Map of Mgr. Volontieri' in JHKBRAS 10, 1970: 193-196. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1974 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/x633mp077 LIST OF MEMBERS ORDINARY MEMBERS: FESSLER, Loren W.. c/o University Service Centre, 155, Argyle Street, Kowloon. FISHER SHORT, W. c/o Education Department, Lee Gardens, Hysan Avenue, H.K. FLEMING, Miss Paula Language Centre, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, H.K. FOLDES, Mr. & Mrs. Leslie 4B, Babington House, 5, Babington Path, H.K. FORSYTH, A. H. c/o Johnson, Stokes & Master, 4th floor, Hong Kong Bank Building, 1, Queen's Road, H.K. FORSYTH, James G.. Unipak (HK) Ltd., 59-61 Wong Chuk Hang Road, Aberdeen, H.K. FRASER, Miss Sylvia c/o Island School, 20, Borrett Road, H.K. FREYTAG, Mrs. Helen H.. 10, Tregunter Path, Flat 1201, H.K. FUNG, Mrs. Lawrence 17, Magazine Gap Road, Flat 5A, H.K. GAFF, Mrs. J. A. Apt. A-2, 5, Tung Shan Terrace, Stubbs Road, H.K. GAILEY, Mrs. Norah Flat 16, 14, Mt. Austin Road, H.K. GARCIA, Arthur Victoria District Court, H.K. GATELY, Charles c/o Environment Branch, Colonial Secretariat, Lower Albert Road, H.K. GEOFFROY-DECHAUME, Francois c/o French Consulate General, 1208, Hang Seng Bank Building, 77, Des Voeux Road, C., H.K. GHOSE, Mrs. Rajeshwari 21A, Kennedy Road, 3rd floor, H.K. GIBB, Hugh c/o Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corp., P.O. Box 64, H.K. GIBBONS, J. P. Language Centre, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, H.K. GILBERT, John FL-A9, Hilltop, 60, Cloud View Road, North Point, H.K. GILKES, D. A. The Bursar's Office, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T. GILLESPIE, Col. Richard E. Defence Liaison Office, American Consulate General, Garden Road, H.K. GIMSON, C. H. Buildings Ordinance Office, Public Works Dept, 9th floor, Murray Building, H.K. GOLDNEY, Miss C. M. c/o Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corp., Queen's Road, C., H.K. GOODBODY, D. M. 727, Prince's Building, H.K. GRAHAM, A. T. R. Flat A, Hing Mee Building, 13th floor, 25-31 Leighton Road, H.K. GRAY, Peter H. c/o Maunsell Consultants Asia, 664, Nathan Road, Kowloon. GREGORY, Miss E. J. c/o Queen Mary Hospital, H.K. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1975 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/j0995146d THE HONG KONG BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY Patron: H.E. Sir Murray Maclehose, K.C.M.G., K.C.V.O., M.B.E., M.A. Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1975: President: Marjorie Topley, B.Sc.(Econ.), Ph.D. Vice-Presidents: J. W. Hayes, M.A., Ph.D., J.P. H. A. Rydings, M.B.E., M.A., A.L.A. Hon. Secretary: A. I. Diamond, M.A. Hon. Treasurer: D. A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A. Hon. Editor: J. W. Hayes, M.A., Ph.D., J.P. Hon. Librarian: H. A. Rydings, M.B.E., M.A., A.L.A. Councillors: J. R. Jones, C.B.E., M.C., LL.D., J.P. (Past President) Sir Lindsay Ride, C.B.E., E.D., M.A., D.M., LL.D., J.P. (Past President) Helga Werle, Phil. Sin. Cand. (Munich) F. Geoffroy-Dechaume, Consul General for France K. A. Westcott, B.A., Dip.Ed. L. R. Wright, A.B., M.A., Ph.D. H. J. Lethbridge, B.Sc.(Econ.), B.Sc.(Soc.), Dip. Criminology Carl T. Smith, B.A., M.Div. D. H. Liu ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1975 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/j0995146d regularly it is important that the income from these two sources be preserved. Sundry creditors for printing charges need to be explained. They cover the printing charges for the 1973 and 1974 journals together with two symposium brochures. Looking to the future I am grateful to those who have responded to the call to pay an additional $20 by way of increased subscription, agreed upon 2 years ago. Several of you have decided to become Life Members. Looking further ahead, however, there is no doubt that expenditure will increase because the Society has now undertaken to pay for secretarial assistance, and also there will be certain financial obligations towards the Hong Kong Arts Centre. Looking further ahead the Society hopes to rent premises in the Hong Kong Arts Centre but this will depend on the financial conditions. This, to my mind, will benefit the Society enormously and one cannot rule out the possibility of further subscription increases or alternatively an appeal to all current annual and life members for the initial capital outlay. 24th March, 1975 D. A. Gilkes Hon. Treasurer ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1975 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/j0995146d INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER 1974 1973 HK$ 1974 HK$ $ 1,629 Life Memberships $ 1,995.87 $ 8,050 Journal and other Publication $ 9,619.00 Expenses 3,787 Activity Expenses (Annual General Meeting Dinner, Symposium and Outings) 10,954 Annual Membership 1974 14,230.84 4,990.60 Annual Membership 1975 paid in 1974 150 4,126 Sale of Publications 1,400.09 994 Purchase of Books 3,066 3,882.00 Sundry Expenses (Printing, Stationery, Advertising, Lecture Expenses, etc.) 4,941 Entrance Fee to Hong Kong Arts Centre 7,200 8,331.52 Thailand Trip 4,079 2,007 Bank Interest Received 5,513 4,230.17 4,274 Dividends Received 4,612.22 200 Sundry Receipts 200.00 $30,485 $30,581.19 Balance, being Surplus of Income over Expenditure transferred to Accumulated Funds $30,485 $30,581.19 D. A. GILKES, Hon. Treasurer. REPORT OF THE HON. AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY, HONG KONG BRANCH We have examined the above Balance Sheet with the books and have obtained all the information and explanations we required for the purposes of our audit. In our opinion, the said Balance Sheet is properly drawn up so as to exhibit a true and correct view of the state of the Society's affairs as at 31st December, 1974, according to the best of our information and explanations given to us and as shown in the books of the Society. Hong Kong, 22nd March, 1975. Wong, Tan & Co., Hon. Auditors. Chartered Accountants. Certified Public Accountants. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1976 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/hq382988q THE HONG KONG BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY Patron: H.E. Sir Murray Maclehose, G.B.E., K.C.M.G., K.C.V.O., M.A. Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1976: President: Marjorie Topley, B.Sc.(Econ.), Ph.D. Vice-Presidents: J. W. Hayes, M.A., Ph.D., J.P. Carl T. Smith, B.A., M.Div. Hon. Secretary: A. I. Diamond, M.A. Hon. Treasurer: D. A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A. Hon. Editor: J. W. Hayes, M.A., Ph.D., J.P. Hon. Librarian: H. A. Rydings, M.B.E., M.A., A.L.A. Councillors: Sir Lindsay Ride, C.B.E., E.D., M.A., D.M., LL.D., J.P. (Past President) Helga Werle, Phil. Sin. Cand. (Munich) F. Geoffroy-Dechaume, Consul General for France K. A. Westcott, B.A., Dip.Ed. L. R. Wright, A.B., M.A., Ph.D. H. J. Lethbridge, B.Sc.(Econ.), B.Sc.(Soc.), Dip. Criminology Carl T. Smith, B.A., M.Div. D. H. Liu G. W. Bonsall, M.A., M.L.S. Filled vacancies during the year B. A. V. Peacock, M.A. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1976 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/hq382988q For the future I am hopeful the Society will continue to be in a reasonably sound financial position. However, I should say that its future commitments e.g. secretarial assistance, journal publications and particularly to the Hong Kong Arts Centre and whether it wishes to rent premises there, may well mean reappraisal. I am hopeful that the Society will be able to sustain these future commitments but a further rise in subscriptions cannot be ruled out. D. A. GILKES Hon. Treasurer 1st April, 1976. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1976 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/hq382988q LIABILITIES Accumulated Funds ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY HONG KONG BRANCH BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31ST DECEMBER 1975 1974 HK$ 1974 $ 99,726 Balance at 1st January 1975 $107,366.17 $ 53,631 7,640 Less: Excess of Expenditure over Income in 1975 6,862.67 457 ASSETS HH Quoted Investments (see below) Cost at 1st January 1975 Add: Purchase of Rights Shares China Light & Power Co. Ltd. $ 687.20 H.K. Electric Co. Ltd. $ 54,087.89 1,200.00 Balance of Accumulated Funds $107,366 at 31st December 1975 Sundry Creditors $100,503.50 40,000.00 $ 54,088 1,887.20 $ 55,975.09 Balance at Banks 69,974 6,000 3,804 Fixed Deposits $80,559.92 Deposit at Call Current Account 3,968.49 84,528.41 $133,866 $140,503.50 $133,866 $140,503.50 NOTE: Quoted Investments held at 31st December 1975. £700 Stock 6% Commonwealth of Australia 1977/80 766 Shares China Light & Power Co. Ltd. 7,200 Shares Hong Kong Electric Co. Ltd. 500 'A' Shares Lane Crawford Ltd. 6,300 'B' Shares Lane Crawford Ltd. D. A. GILKES, Hon. Treasurer. Cost Market Value HK$11,488.38 HK$ 5,161.10 5,961.17 12,639.00 13,686.80 27,000.00 8,638.74 7,900.00 16,200.00 9,450.00 HK$55,975.09 HK$62,150.10 ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1977 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/np198x23n The Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society Patron: H.E. Sir Murray Maclehose, G.B.E., K.C.M.G., K.C.V.O., M.A. Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1977: President: Marjorie Topley, B.Sc.(Econ.), Ph.D. Vice-Presidents: J. W. Hayes, M.A., Ph.D., J.P. Carl T. Smith, B.A., M.Div. Hon. Secretary: A. I. Diamond, M.A. Hon. Treasurer: D. A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A. Hon. Editor: J. W. Hayes, M.A., Ph.D., J.P. Hon. Librarian: H. A. Rydings, M.B.E., M.A., A.L.A. Councillors: Sir Lindsay Ride, C.B.E., E.D., M.A., D.M., LL.D., J.P. (Past President) Helga Werle, Phil. Sin. Cand. (Munich) K. A. Westcott, B.A., Dip.Ed. L. R. Wright, A.B., M.A., Ph.D. H. J. Lethbridge, B.Sc.(Econ.), B.Sc.(Soc.), Dip. Criminology Carl T. Smith, B.A., M.Div. D. H. Liu G. W. Bonsall, M.A., M.L.S. B. A. V. Peacock, M.A. B. C. J. Shaw, B.A., Ph.D. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1977 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/np198x23n For the future I am hopeful the Society will continue to be in a reasonably sound financial position. However, I should say that its future commitments e.g. secretarial assistance, journal publications and particularly to the Hong Kong Arts Centre and whether it wishes to rent premises there, may well mean reappraisal. I am hopeful that the Society will be able to sustain these future commitments but a further rise in subscriptions cannot be ruled out. D. A. Gilkes Hon. Treasurer 1st April, 1976. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1977 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/np198x23n INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER 1975 1974 $ 9,619 Expenses 4,991 Journal and other Publication Activity Expenses (Annual General Meeting, Dinner, Symposium and Outings) Secretarial Assistance Purchase of Typewriter 8,331 7,640 $30,581 HK$ 1974 $1,996 Life Memberships $30,464.00 14,261 Annual Memberships 1,400 Sale of Publications 5,496.00 6,420.00 1,200.00 677.75 3,882 Receipts from Members for Activities 4,230 Bank Interest Received 4,612 Dividends Received 7,767.18 200 Sundry Receipts HKS $11,088.75 18,135.44 ... 6,223.97 5,130.00 4,188.39 4,195.71 200.00 4,000.00 Balance, being Deficit of Expenditure over Income transferred to Accumulated Funds 6,862.67 $56,024.93 $30,581 $56,024.93 Photo Survey Expenses Sundry Expenses (Printing, Stationery, Advertising, Lecture Expenses etc.) Annual Subscription to Hong Kong Arts Centre Balance, being Surplus of Income over Expenditure transferred to Accumulated Funds D. A. GILKES, Hon. Treasurer. REPORT OF THE HON. AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY, HONG KONG BRANCH We have examined the above Balance Sheet with the books and have obtained all the information and explanations we required for the purposes of our audit. In our opinion, the said Balance Sheet is properly drawn up so as to exhibit a true and correct view of the state of the Society's affairs as at 31st December 1975, according to the best of our information and explanations given to us and as shown by the books of the Society. Hong Kong, 19th March, 1976. WONG, TAN & Co., Hon. Auditors, Chartered Accountants, Certified Public Accountants. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1977 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/np198x23n 252 LIST OF MEMBERS ORDINARY MEMBERS: GIBB, H. GIBBONS, J. P. GILBERT, J. GILKES, D. A. GOLDSTEIN, A. L. GOODBODY, D. M. Hong Kong & Shanghai Banking Corporation, P.O. Box 64, Hong Kong. Language Centre, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong. District Office Shatin, 2 Tung Lo Wan Hill Road, Shatin, N.T. The Bursar's Office, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T. Sea Land, P.O. Box 531, Hong Kong. 727, Prince's Building, Hong Kong. GOUDEY, Mr. & Mrs. J. F. GRANT, Prof. C. GRAY, P. H. GROVES, Mrs. C. GROVES, Prof. M. C. 9A Bowen Road, Borrett Mansions 11th Fl, Hong Kong. Dept. of Geog. & Geol., University of Hong Kong. Mannsell Consultants Asia, 2 Tung Lo Wan Hill, Shatin, N.T. 6D Perth Apartments, 31 Perth Street, Kowloon. Dept. of Sociology, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong. GUILLAUME, Baron P. de GUTLON, Mrs. A. HAFFNER, C. HAIGH, D. F. HALL, Mrs. S. F. HALLIDAY, P. E. HALPERIN, D. R. HEISLER, Dr. Mary-Kay HEMMING, Miss J. M. HO, Dr. & Mrs. H. C. HOCHSTADTER, Dr. W. HODGE, Prof. P. HODGSON, Mrs. K. H. HOLMES, Miss J. E. HORSTMANN, Mrs. C. HOTUNG, E. E. HSIA, Tung-pei Banque Belge Pour L'etranger S.A., Hong Kong. P.O. Box 27, Hong Kong. 39 Conduit Road, Flat 202, Hong Kong. Spence Robinson Architects, Rediffusion House 6/F, Hong Kong. Australian Commission, Connaught Centre 11/F, Hong Kong. 71, Kadoorie Avenue, Kowloon. Flat 507B, 19 Homantin Hill Road, Kowloon. Coudert Bros., Alexandra House 31/F, Hong Kong. 6 Repulse Bay Close, Repulse Bay, Hong Kong. 8B Borrett Mansions 6/F, 3 Bowen Road, Hong Kong. 11, Briar Avenue, Hong Kong. 4A, Hampshire Road, 1/F, Kowloon. Dept. of Social Work, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong. A21 Po Shan Mansions, Po Shan Road, Hong Kong. 26, Kennedy Road, Hong Kong. 104, Ocean Terminal, Kowloon. 10, Stanley Street, Hong Kong. P.O. Box 20027, Hennessy Road Post Office, Hong Kong. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1978 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/8g84t8593 THE HONG KONG BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY Patron: H.E. Sir Murray Maclehose, G.B.E., K.C.M.G., K.C.V.O., M.A. Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1978: President: Marjorie Topley, B.Sc.(Econ.), Ph.D. Vice-Presidents: J. W. Hayes, M.A., Ph.D., J.P. Carl T. Smith, B.A., M.Div. Hon. Secretary: B. C. J. Shaw, B.A., Ph.D. Hon. Treasurer: D. A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A. Hon. Editor: J. W. Hayes, M.A., Ph.D., J.P. Hon. Librarian: H. A. Rydings, M.B.E., M.A., A.L.A. Councillors: Helga Werle, Phil. Sin. Cand. (Munich) A. I. Diamond, M.A. L. R. Wright, A.B., M.A., Ph.D. D. H. Liu G. W. Bonsall, M.A., M.L.S. B. A. V. Peacock, M.A. J-L Domenach iii ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1978 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/8g84t8593 # HON. TREASURER'S REPORT FOR 1977 The Accounts before you have again been kindly audited by Messrs. Wong Tan & Co., and show that the Society is in a reasonably healthy financial position. The Income and Expenditure account shows that the Society incurred a small deficit in the year amounting to HK$2,808, compared to a similar one of HK$2,962 in the previous year. Members will note that just under half of the society's income comes from Annual Memberships, the rest being made up from life memberships, sale of publications, Bank interest and dividends received. I would like to ask members to encourage their friends to join the Society to improve the annual membership income. This will become increasingly important in the years ahead due to the renting of space in the Hong Kong Arts Centre for the Library and the Secretarial Office, which together will cost HK$5,500 p.a. It is hoped that an increase in annual membership will come about as a result of the Society's activities becoming more well known through the Arts Centre, but members are also asked to assist in this direction. Increased Annual Membership income will also encourage the Society to publish more symposiums to add to its now very respectable collection. The Balance Sheet indicates that the Quoted Investments are continuing to hold up well and show a market value appreciation over cost. These investments are kept under review. Under “Sundry Creditors” an amount of HK$25,000 is shown. This is for two journals, 1976 and 1977, the former of which was received by members at the end of last year and recently paid for: the 1977 journal is likely to be paid for later this year after publication. D. A. GILKES Hon. Treasurer. March 18, 1978 ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1978 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/8g84t8593 INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER 1977 1976 HKS $16,353 Expenses ... 2,244 Journal and other Publication Activity Expenses (Annual General Meeting, Dinner, Symposium and Outings) ... $19,200.00 1976 $ 2,064 17,365 8,863 HK$ Life Memberships (Note 1 on p. 10) $ 3,450.00 Annual Memberships (Note 1) 17,588.19 Sales of Publications 5,720.15 2,232 Receipts from Members for Activities 2,850.00 7,200 Secretarial Assistance 3,269.50 7,200.00 3,374 Bank Interest Received 2,842.78 4,577 Dividends Received 2,746 Office Equipment 200 Sundry Receipts 5,230.46 225.00 1,253 Purchase of Books 500.00 7,241 4,600 Sundry Expenses (Printing, Stationery, Advertising, Lecture Expenses, etc.) 6,345.20 2,962 Annual Subscription to Hong Kong Arts Centre Balance, being Deficit of Expenditure over Income transferred to Accumulated Funds 2,808.12 4,000.00 $41,637 $40,714.70 $41,637 $40,714.70 D. A. GILKES, Hon. Treasurer. REPORT OF THE HON. AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY, HONG KONG BRANCH In our opinion, the above Balance Sheet is properly drawn up so as to exhibit a true and fair view of the Society's affairs at 31st December 1977 and of its income and expenditure for the year ended on that date. WONG, TAN & Co., Hon. Auditors, Chartered Accountants, Certified Public Accountants. Hong Kong 8th March 1978. 11 ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1978 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/8g84t8593 QINGMING FESTIVAL IN CENTRAL CHINA 79 and a new transplantation followed in the fourth moon. In Baling we find that grave worship was conducted in the first moon, at Qingming, and on the 3rd day of the third moon. I think it possible to correlate this unusual dispersion with the existence of two periods of sowing. This short sketch indicates how much more we must know in order to make anthropological sense out of the Chinese calendar system. I leave the argument at this juncture. When we know more about the autumn rituals and the New Year celebrations we may, in this new knowledge, find clues to a better understanding of the distribution of ceremonies over the calendric span of time. Again, when we know more about the local conditions and variations to be found in this limited area of Central China, we may find some co-variation in ritual events, which would be helpful in our attempts at establishing the overall system. NOTES *This paper was written when in 1975 I was privileged by All Souls College, Oxford, with a Visiting Fellowship. I remain most thankful to the Warden and Fellows of All Souls. I owe a further debt of gratitude to the two Swedish Research Councils for the Social Sciences, and for the Humanities. Part of the material which concerns this essay was found in the Harvard-Yenching Institute, Harvard University, in 1970. I am indebted to that Institute for their hospitality, and also to University of Stockholm and the Nathhorst Foundation for generous support. The argument of this paper was presented at a seminar in the School of Oriental and African Studies, London. I am grateful for this occasion. For comments and discussion I remain thankful to Hwang Tsu-yu, Wang Gung-wu, James Watson, Arthur Wolf and the late Maurice Freedman. 1 See, for instance, the papers by Maurice Freedman, ‘A Chinese Phase of Social Anthropology,' British Journal of Sociology 14, 1-19, 1963, and 'Why China', (Presidential Address 1969) Proceedings of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland 1969, 5-13. 2 Gujin Tushu Jicheng. The Complete Collection of Books of All Times, Eds. Chen Menglei & Jiang Tingxi, 1885-1888 reprint of 1726 edition. (Hereafter GJTSJC). References to this work are given according to the system of Lionel Giles, An Alphabetical Index to the Chinese Encyclopaedia. London: British Museum, 1911. 3 Taoyuan Xianzhi. Records of Taoyuan County. Auths. Fang Kun and Pi Zhen. n.d. juan 3:12a. 4 Yiyang Xianzhi. Records of Yiyang County, Auth. Zhao Zhepei 1807-1819. juan 2:66. 5 GJTSJC, VI:1259 lb, 1193 # 3a, 1120 # 4b. 6 GJTSJC VI:1130 # 2a. 7 Baling Xianzhi. Records of Baling County Auth. 1872 juan 11:7b, quoting that is an earlier sub-prefectural gazetteer. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1978 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/8g84t8593 166 C. MARTIN WILBUR Ching Ho; A Sociological Analysis. The Report of a Preliminary Survey of the Town of Ching Ho, Hopei, North China. (Hsu, Leonard, S., Editor.) Peiping, Yenching, 1930. "Clanship Among the Chinese". (Chinese Repository, vol. 4, 1836, p. 411-415). Creel, Herrlee G.; Sinism; a Study of the Evolution of the Chinese World View. Chicago, Open Court, 1929. De Groot, J. J. M.; Les Fêtes Annuellement Célébrées à Emoui (Amoy); Étude Concernant la Religion Populaire des Chinois. 2 vols. Paris, Leroux, 1886. De Groot, J. J. M.; The Religious System of China. 6 vols. Leyden, Brill, 1892-1910. Demiéville, P.; "Hou Che Wen Ts'ouen (MILŻ#)" (Bulletin de l'École Française d'Extrême-Orient, vol. 23, 1923, p. 489-499). Des Routours, Robert; "Les Grands Fonctionnaires des Provinces en Chine sous la Dynastie des T'ang." (T'oung Pao, vol. 25, 1928, p. 219-330). Duyvendak, J. J. L. (translator); The Book of Lord Shang, a Classic of the Chinese School of Law, London, Probsthain, 1928. Ferguson, John C., "Political Parties of the Northern Sung Dynasty" (Journal of the North China Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, vol. 58, 1927, p. 36-56). Ferguson, John C.; "Southern Migration of the Sung Dynasty" (Journal of the North China Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, vol. 55, 1924, p. 14-27). Ferguson, John C.; "Wang An-shih" (Journal of the North China Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, vol. 35, 1903-04, p. 65-75). Giles, Herbert A.; A Chinese Biographical Dictionary. Shanghai, Kelly and Walsh, 1898. Giles, Herbert A.; A Chinese English Dictionary. 2nd ed., 2 vols.; Shanghai, Kelly and Walsh, 1912. Granet, Marcel; Chinese Civilization, London, Kegan Paul, 1930. Hirth, Friedrich; The Ancient History of China to the End of the Chou Dynasty, New York, Columbia, 1911. Hsieh, Pao Chao; The Government of China (1644-1911). Baltimore, Johns Hopkins, 1925. Hu, Shih; "The Establishment of Confucianism as a State Religion During the Han Dynasty” (Journal of the North China Branch of Royal Asiatic Society, vol. 60, 1929, p. 20-41). Hu, Shih: "Religion and Philosophy in Chinese History" (in Symposium on Chinese Culture. (Zen, Sophia H. Chen, Editor). Shanghai, Institute of Pacific Relations, 1931, p. 24-58). Hu, Shih; "Wang Mang, the Socialist Emperor of Nineteen Centuries Ago” (Journal of the North China Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, vol. 59, 1928. p. 218-230). Huang, Han Liang; The Land Tax in China. New York, Columbia, 1918. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1979 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/2801w5938 THE HONG KONG BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY Patron: H.E. Sir Murray Maclehose, G.B.E., K.C.M.G., K.C.V.O., M.A. Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1979: President: Marjorie Topley, B.Sc.(Econ.), Ph.D. Vice-Presidents: J. W. Hayes, M.A., Ph.D., J.P. Carl T. Smith, B.A., M.Div. Hon. Secretary: B. C. J. Shaw, B.A., Ph.D. Hon. Treasurer: D. A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. Hon. Editor: J. W. Hayes, M.A., Ph.D., J.P. Hon. Librarian: H. A. Rydings, M.B.E., M.A., A.L.A. Councillors: Helga Werle, Phil. Sin. Cand. (Munich) A. I. Diamond, M.A. L. R. Wright, A.B., M.A., Ph.D. D. H. Liu B. A. V. Peacock, M.A. P. K. Cavaye, B.A., Dip.Ed. iii ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1979 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/2801w5938 XV INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER, 1978 HK$ 1977 HK$ $15,300.00 $ 3,450 Life Memberships (Note 1) 17,588 Annual Memberships (Note 1) 5,720 Sales of Publications +++ $ 1,040.00 19,313.92 6,458.38 +++ +++ + 2,920.00 6,600.00 1,064.15 2,850 Receipts from Members for Activities 2,843 Bank Interest Received 5,231 Dividends Received 2,400.00 ... 1,602.34 +++ 5,795.89 225 Sundry Receipts 403.03 +++ 762.00 Tours-Amount received 1977 $19,200 3,270 Journal and other Publication Expenses ** Activity Expenses (Annual General Meeting, Dinner, Symposium and Outings) 7,200 Secretarial Assistance Office Equipment H 500 Purchase of Books +++ Sundry Expenses (Printing, Stationery, Postage, Stamp Duty, Telephone, etc.) 6,545 9,253.60 4,000 Annual Subscription to Hong Kong Arts Centre 4,060.00 Rent for Library in Hong Kong Arts Centre HI $40,715 3,420.00 $43,379.75 2,808 $40,715 from Members $103,700 ** Amount paid out 103,700 Balance, being Deficit of Expenditure over Income transferred to Accumulated Funds +++ 6,366.19 $43,379.75 D. A. GILKES, Hon. Treasurer. REPORT OF THE HON. AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY, HONG KONG BRANCH In our opinion, the above Balance Sheet is properly drawn up so as to exhibit a true and fair view of the Society's affairs at 31st December 1978 and of its income and expenditure for the year ended on that date. Wong, Tan & Co., Hon. Auditors, Chartered Accountants, Certified Public Accountants, Hong Kong. 22nd March, 1979. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1979 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/2801w5938 237 FABER, Mrs. Audrey, 10 Cooper Road, Jardine's Lookout, HONG KONG, LOCAL LIFE MEMBERS FAULKNER, Mr. Raymond J., 423 Holland House, Ice House Street, HONG KONG. FREMANTLE, Mr. Adam, Coudert Bros, Alexandra House, 31/F, 20 Chater Road, HONG KONG, FRY, Mr. R. A., Office of the Commissioner of Rating and Valuation, 1 Garden Road, HONG KONG. FUNG, Mrs. Leatrice, 17 Magazine Gap Road, Flat 5A, HONG KONG. FUNG, Sir Kenneth Ping-Fan, O.B.E., J.P., Fung Ping Fan & Co. Ltd., 2705-2718, Connaught Centre, HONG KONG. GAFF, Mrs. Jennifer A. Wilfred Flat 6, 110 Repulse Bay Road, Repulse Bay, HONG KONG. GILKES, Mr. D. A., J.P. The Bursar's Office, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NEW TERRITORIES. GOLDNEY, Miss C. M., c/o Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corp., Queen's Road, HONG KONG, GORDON, Mr. K. H. A., 48 Mount Kellett Road, HONG KONG. GORDON, The Hon. Sir S. S., c/o Sir Elly Kadoorie & Sons, St. George's Building 24/F, HONG KONG. HAYES, Dr. James, J.P. 7 The Albany, Albany Road, HONG KONG. HAYIM, Mr. E. J., C.B.E., 4th Island Road, Deep Water Bay, HONG KONG. HECHTEL, Mr. F. O. P., Flat 10 Aigburth Hall, May Road, HONG KONG HO, Mr. Tickon, 50 Village Road, G/Fl., Happy Valley, HONG KONG. HONEY, Mr. N. R., c/o Medical and Health Dept., Lee Gardens, Hysan Avenue, HONG KONG HOPKINSON, Mrs. I. 12 Mount Nicholson Gap HONG KONG HOWARD, Mr. W. J., P.O. Box 20704, Causeway Bay Post Office, HONG KONG. + HOWNAM-MEEK, Mr. R. S., 7A, Conway Mansion, 29 Conduit Road, HONG KONG. HOYNINGEN-HUENE, Baron Ture von, 9A Stanley Beach Road, HONG KONG. HU, Dr. Shih Chang, 210 Tin Hau Temple Road, Flat C1, 15/F., HONG KONG. HUI, Miss Wai Haan, Dept. of Chemistry, University of Hong Kong, HONG KONG + HUNG, Mr. Chiu Sung, Yuet Ming Building, 17/F, Flat B, King's Road, HONG KONG. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1980 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/kh04md207 THE HONG KONG BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY Patron: H.E. Sir Murray Maclehose, G.B.E., K.C.M.G., K.C.V.O., M.A. Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1980 President: Marjorie Topley, B.Sc.(Econ.), Ph.D. Vice-Presidents: J. W. Hayes, M.A., Ph.D., J.P. Carl T. Smith, B.A., M.Div. Hon. Secretary: B. C. J. Shaw, B.A., Ph.D. (Succeeded temporarily by Dr. Wright in July 1980) Hon. Treasurer: D. A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. Hon. Editor: J. W. Hayes, M.A., Ph.D., J.P. Hon. Librarian: H. A. Rydings, M.B.E., M.A., A.L.A. Councillors: A. I. Diamond, M.A. L. R. Wright, A.B., M.A., Ph.D. D. H. Liu Mrs. Lea Fung P. K. Cavaye, B.A., Dip.Ed. Hugh Gibb, M.A. B. A. V. Peacock, M.A. iii ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1980 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/kh04md207 # THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY HONG KONG BRANCH ## BALANCE SHEET AT 31ST DECEMBER, 1979 ### ASSETS QUOTED INVESTMENTS (see note 2 below) Cost at 1st January, 1979 $57,415.00 Add: Purchase of Rights Shares: China Light & Power Co., Ltd. $3,330.00 Purchase of Reg. Warrants: Hong Kong Electric Co., Ltd. $8,465.00 $69,210.00 Deduct: Cost of shares sold: 3,025 shares of Lane Crawford "A" $(6,366) $62,844.00 ### QUOTED INVESTMENTS AT COST Lane Crawford "A" $8,638.74 38,115 shares of Lane Crawford "B" $2,453.55 $16,200.00 $24,838.74 $88,367.00 ### BALANCE AT BANKS Fixed Deposits $88,906.32 Deposit at Call $5,545.63 Current Account $1,359.28 $95,811.23 ### LIABILITIES SUNDRY CREDITORS $24,000 Printing Charges for Journal $27,000.00 $14,952 $112,367 $40,000 ### ACCUMULATED FUNDS Balance as at 1st January, 1979 $88,367.22 Add Surplus on Sales of Shares: 1978 $94,733 Lane Crawford "A" $12,494.96 38,115 shares of Lane Crawford "B" $9,866.85 $22,361.81 Excess of Income over Expenditure in 1979 $24,838.74 $113,182.58 Balance of Accumulated Funds at 31st December, 1979 $44,371.35 $140,182.58 $112,387 $140,182.58 D. A. GILKES, Hon. Treasurer ## NOTE: 1. Incomes from subscription are accounted for on cash basis. 2. Quoted Investments held at 31st December, 1979. £700 Stocks 6% Commonwealth of Australia_1977/80 Cost HK$11,488.38 Market Value HK$7,063.35 1,781 Shares China Light & Power Co. Ltd. $9,291.17 $38,647.70 16,934 Shares Hong Kong Electric Co. Ltd. $15,126.80 $104,144.10 1,693 Shares Hong Kong Electric Co. Ltd. Reg Warrants HK$10 1988/92 $8,465.00 $8,465.00 $44,371.35 $158,320.15 ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1981 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/ff36bt18m The Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society Patron: H.E. Sir Murray Maclehose, G.B.E., K.C.M.G., K.C.V.O., M.A. Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1981: President: Marjorie Topley, B.Sc.(Econ.), Ph.D. Vice-Presidents: J.W. Hayes, M.A., Ph.D., J.P. Carl T. Smith, B.A., M.Div. Hon. Secretary: Margaret O'Hara Hon. Treasurer: D. A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. Hon. Editor: David Faure, B.A., Ph.D. Hon. Librarian: H.A. Rydings, M.B.E., M.A., A.L.A. Councillors: Alan Birch, M.A., Ph.D., F.R.Hist.Soc. A.I.Diamond, M.A. Hugh Gibb, M.A. Michael Lau, B.A., Dip.Ed., M.A., Ph.D. D.H. Liu B.A.V. Peacock, M.A. Oliver Siddle, B.A.(Oxon.), F.R.S.A. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1981 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/ff36bt18m ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY HON. TREASURER'S REPORT The Accounts before you have again been kindly audited by Kwan Wong Tan & Fong. On the Income and Expenditure account it will be noted that although expenditure was down from the previous year ($75,510 to $67,239) the Society still incurred a deficit of $8,997 which, with the deficit incurred in the previous year of $10,722, makes a total deficit over the two-year period of $19,719. This is due to the greatly increased costs for the Journals and other publications which are an important aspect of the Society's activities. The increase in expenditure has been partly absorbed by increased income, but this has not been sufficient to offset the increased expenditure. Members will note that income from annual memberships only account for approximately one-third of the total income; the rest being made up of income from sales of publications, bank interest and dividends. This proportion needs to be raised if the financial future of the Society is to continue to be on a sound footing. It has therefore been decided to double annual subscriptions with effect from 1st January, 1983 and life membership subscriptions being doubled with immediate effect. The Balance Sheet shows that the Society is in a sound financial position with adequate cash resources to meet liabilities for the printing of the Journals. The investments which are in sound Hong Kong companies, continue to hold up well; these are kept under constant review. D.A. Gilkes Hon. Treasurer ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1981 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/ff36bt18m $270,461 D.A. Gikes Hon. Treasurer BALANCE SHEET AT 31ST DECEMBER 1981 (CONT'D) $256,021 $12,292 Balance at Banks and Registered Deposit Taking Company Fixed Deposits $135,750.08 Deposits at Call $271,464.15 $2,148 $270,461 Current Account 4,566.47 ...160,316.55 $271,464.15 Notes. (1) Quoted investments at 31st December 1981 300 shares Hang Seng Bank Limited 4,200 shares Hong Kong Electric (Holdings) Co. Ltd. 1,680 shares Hong Kong & Shanghai Banking Corporation 2,500 shares Hong Kong Land Co. Ltd (2) Incomes from subscription are accounted for on cash basis Cost Market Value $34,272.00 $37,200.00 $24,192.00 $22,470.00 $28,893.60 $24,360.00 $23,790.00 $23,625.00 $111,147.60 $107,655.00 REPORT OF THE HON. AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY, HONG KONG BRANCH In our opinion, the above Balance Sheet is properly drawn up so as to exhibit a true and fair view of the Society's affairs at 31st December 1981 and of its Income and expenditure for the year ended on that date. Dated: 29th March, 1982. KWAN WONG TAN & FONG Hon. Auditors Chartered Accountants Certified Public Accountants, Hong Kong ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1981 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/ff36bt18m 211 ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY HONG KONG BRANCH MEMBERSHIP LIST (As at 31st December, 1982) Patron H.E. Sir Murray Maclehose, G.B.E., K.C.M.G., K.C.V.O., HONORARY MEMBERS The Aide-de-Camp, Government House LAM, Mr. Yung-fai LAWRY, Mr. R.E. MACLEHOSE, Sir Murray, G.B.E., K.C.M.G., K.C.V.O. O'HARA, Mrs. Margaret, TOPLEY, Dr. Marjorie, LOCAL LIFE MEMBERS ALLEYNE, Mrs. E.L. BOARD, Mr. D.B.M. BONSALL, Mr. G.W. BUTT, Dr. N.S.G. CALCINA, Mr. P.G. CHAMBERS, Mr. J.W. CHAN, Mr. Alfred T. CHENG, Mr. Tuck CHIU, Dr. Ling Yeong, CHOA, Dr. Gerald H. CHUN, Miss Oy-ling COMBER, Mr. Leon CRAMER, Mr. B.L.C. CRONE, Dr. D.L. DJOU, Mr. G.G. DUNCAN, Mrs. Josephine EMERSON, Mr. Geoffrey C. EVANS, Mr. Paul J. EVANS, Mrs. P.J. FABER, Mrs. Audrey FAULKNER, Mr. Raymond J. FOK, Miss Nora FREMANTLE, Mr. Adam FRY, Mr. R.A. FUNG, Mrs. Beatrice, GAFF, Mrs. Jennifer A. GORDON, The Hon. Sir S.S. GREEN, Mrs. Judith HASE, Dr. Patrick H. HAYES, Dr. James W. HAYIM, Mr. E.J. HO, Mr. Tick-on HONEY, Dr. N.R. HOPKINSON, Mrs. I. HOWARD, Mr. William James HOWNAM-MEEK, Mrs. R.S. HOYNINGEN-HUENE, Baron Ture von HU, Dr. Shih Chang HUI, Miss Wai Haan HUNG, Mr. Chiu-sing IU, Miss Sheila KINOSHITA, Mr. James H. KVAN, Rev. Erik LAI, Mr. T.C LAU, Dr. Michael Wai-Mai LAWRENCE, Mrs. B.M.I. LEE, Mr. J.S. LEE, Dr. R.C. LETHBRIDGE, Mr. H.J. LEUNG, Mr. Pak-Kui LI, Mr. David K.P. FUNG, Sir Kenneth Ping-Fan, O.B.E., J.P. LISOWSKI, Prof. F.P. LISOWSKI, Mrs. W.Y. GILKES, Mr. David GORDON, Mr. K.H.A. LIU, Mr. D.H. LO, Mr. T.S. Page 225 Page 226 ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1982 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/mk61z420p HON. TREASURER'S REPORT The Accounts here presented have again been kindly audited by Messrs. Kwan Wong Tan & Fong. It will be noted from the Income and Expenditure Account that a small deficit was incurred for the year (HK$2,987). The Society has made deficits over the last three years due to rising costs; part of this has been absorbed by extra income from Bank Interest and dividends received. Members will recall, however, that from 1st January, 1983, approval has been given by members to raise ordinary annual subscriptions from $50 to $100 p.a. with corresponding increases for other categories of membership. It is anticipated therefore that in future membership subscriptions will contribute more to the expenditure of the Society than in the past and that the deficit trend will be reversed. The Balance Sheet of the Society continues to show a reasonably healthy position with assets considerably in excess of the liabilities. The market value of the shares shows a depreciation over cost but since the preparation of this Balance Sheet an improvement in this position has occurred, and opportunities will be taken as and when they arise to continue this improvement. D. A. GILKES Hon. Treasurer xviii ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1982 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/mk61z420p # THE STRIKE AND RIOT OF 1884 # A HONG KONG PERSPECTIVE ELIZABETH SINN* In the autumn of 1884, Chinese dock workers in Hong Kong staged a strike against French ships. The strike spread, bringing trade to a standstill and creating much animosity. After a few days, a riot broke out in the Central and Western districts. This caused great excitement; the military was called out, the fleet was put on the alert, and the government passed new legislation for preserving the peace. The local press became almost hysterical. It became a diplomatic issue between Peking and London, and questions about it were raised in the House of Commons. Yet, despite the uproar these events created, relatively few historians, including historians of Hong Kong, have paid attention to them. This paper is an attempt to reconstruct this dramatic episode, and to examine its significance. In 1884, the war between China and France over Annam dominated the horizon of East and Southeast Asia. The year before, the Chinese had despatched regular troops quietly into Tongking. As negotiations broke off, the Chinese court feared a French attack on China itself, and important officials were sent south to consolidate the front. P'eng Yu-lin,** a president of the Board of War was appointed Commissioner for the Coastal Defence of Kwangtung, and in the following year, 1884, the conspicuously pro-war Chang Chih-tung became Governor-General of Kwangtung and Kwangsi. Officials and people both of Canton and the surrounding region responded excitedly to every move the French made. On 5th August, 1884, French warships bombarded Keelung, * Miss Sinn is a Ph.D. candidate of the University of Hong Kong, currently working as Resources Officer in the History Department of that University. ** All Chinese names/words will be Romanized according to the Wade-Giles system except where there are other transliterated forms in common usage. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1982 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/mk61z420p Page 363 ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY HONG KONG BRANCH MEMBERSHIP LIST AS AT 31ST DECEMBER, 1982* PATRON: H.E. SIR EDWARD YOUDE, G.C.M.G., M.B.E., GOVERNOR OF HONG KONG. HONORARY MEMBERS THE AIDE-DE-CAMP LAM, Mr. Y. F. LAWRY, Mr. R.E. MACLEHOSE, Baron O'HARA, Mrs. M. TOPLEY, Dr. M. YOUDE, Sir Edward ALLEYNE, Mrs. E.L. BOARD, Mr. D.B.M. BONSALL, Mr. G.W. BUTT, Dr. N.S.G. LOCAL LIFE MEMBERS CALCINA, Mr. P.G. CHAMBERS, Mr. J.W. CHAN, Mr. A.T. CHENG, Mr. T.C. CHIU, Dr. L.Y. CHOA, Dr. G.H. CHUN, Miss O.L. COMBER, Mr. L. CRAMER, Mr. B.L.C. CRONE, Dr. D.L. DJOU, Mr. G.G. DUNCAN, Mrs. J. EMERSON, Mr. G.C. EVANS, Mr. P.J. EVANS, Mrs. P.J. FAULKNER, Mr. R.J. FOK, Miss N. FREMANTLE, Mr. A. FRY, Mr. R.A. FUNG, Mrs. L. FUNG, Sir Kenneth P.F. GAFF, Mrs. J.A. GILKES, Mr. D. GORDON, The Hon. Sir S.S. GREEN, Mrs. J. HASE, Dr. P.H. HAYES, Dr. J.W. HAYIM, Mr. E.J. HO, Mr. T. HONEY, Dr. N.R. HOPKINSON, Mrs. I. HOTUNG, Mr. J.E. HOWARD, Mr. W.J. HOWNAM-MEEK, Mr. R.S. HOYNINGEN-HUENE, Baron T. von HU, Dr. S.H. HUI, Miss W.H. HUNG, Mr. C.S. IU, Miss S. KINOSHITA, Mr. J.H. KVAN, Rev. E. LAI, Mr. T.Y. LAU, Mr. M.W.M. LAWRENCE, Mrs. B.M.L. LEE, Mr. J.S. LEE, Dr. R.C. LEE, Mrs. S.J. LETHBRIDGE, Mr. H.J. LEUNG, Mr. P.K. LI, Mr. D.K.P. LIU, Mr. D.H. LO, Mr. T.S. LOSEBY, Miss P. LUK, Mr. G.P.C. LUM, Miss A. MACKENZIE, Mr. J. MACKEOWN, Dr. P.K. MARDEN, Mrs. J.L. McCRARY, Mr. M. MCKEIRNAN, Rev. M. MCINTYRE, Mr. W.M. NORONHA, Mr. J.E. OGDEN, Mr. B.J.N. OU, Miss G. PAIN, Mr. J.H. PICCUS, Mr. R.P. RAE, Mr. J.A. RAWLINSON, Mr. M.C. RAYNER, Mrs. C.M. RIDE, Lady May RUST, Mr. H.A. RYDINGS, Mr. H.A. SEED, Mr. B. *Honours and Decorations of Members are not noted in this list. Page 363 ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1983 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/j9607p61v THE HONG KONG BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY Patron: H.E. Sir Edward Youde G.C.M.G., M.B.E., Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1983 President: J. W. Hayes, M.A., Ph.D., J.P. Vice-Presidents: Carl T. Smith, B.A., M.DIV. A. I. Diamond, M.A. Hon. Secretary: R. H. McLean Hon. Treasurer: D. A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. Hon. Editor: P. H. Hase, B.A., Ph.D. Hon. Librarian: V. E. Morgan, B.A., A.L.A. Councillors: M. Topley B.Sc., Ph.D. Alan Birch, M.A., Ph.D., F.R.Hist. Soc. H. A. Rydings, M.B.E., M.A., A.L.A. Hugh Gibb, M.A. Michael Lau, B.A., Dip.Ed., M.A., Ph.D. J. Young, M.A., Ph.D. Oliver Siddle, B.A.(Oxon.), F.R.S.A. Elizabeth Sinn B.A. iii ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1983 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/j9607p61v XV ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY — HONG KONG BRANCH BALANCE SHEET AT 31ST DECEMBER 1983 1982 LIABILITIES H.K. Currency 1982 SUBJECT TO AUDIT ASSETS H.K. Currency Accumulated Funds Quoted Investment $233,464 Balance as at 1st January 1983 $230,476.72 Add: Excess of Income over $111,148 Cost at 1st January 1983 $111,147.60 (2,987) Expenditure in 1982 885.43 $230,477 $231,362.15 Balance at Bank Sundry Creditor — Printing 49,000 Charges for Journal & Index $59,000.00 165,000 3,329 Fixed Deposits.. Current Account $175,000.00 4,214.55 179,214.55 $279,477 $290,362.15 $279,477 $290,362.15 D.A. Gilkes Hon. Treasurer NOTES: (1) Quoted investments at 31st December 1983: 525 shares Hang Seng Bank Limited 4,200 shares Hong Kong Electric (Holdings) Company Limited 2,464 shares Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corporation 2,500 shares Hong Kong Land Company Limited + Cost $34,272.00 Market Value $19,950.00 24,192.00 23,100.00 28,893.60 17,248.00 23,790.00 7,250.00 $111,147.60 $67,548.00 All quoted investments are stated at cost, and no provision for diminution in value has been made in the accounts. (2) Subscription and interest incomes are accounted for on cash basis. Dated: 18th January 1984 ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1984 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/5h73wh572 THE HONG KONG BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY Patron: H.E. Sir Edward Youde G.C.M.G., M.B.E., Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1984 President: J.W. Hayes, M.A., Ph.D., J.P. Vice-Presidents: Carl T. Smith, B.A., M.DIV. A.I. Diamond, M.B.E., M.A. (until February 1985) D.A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. Hon. Secretary: R.H. McLean, B.A. Hon. Treasurer: D.A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. Hon. Editors: P.H. Hase, B.A., Ph.D. David Faure, B.A., Ph.D. (Co-editor) Hon. Librarian: V.E. Morgan, B.A., A.L.A. Councillors: Allan Birch, M.A., Ph.D., F.R. Hist. Soc. Hugh Gibb, M.A. Michael W.M. Lau, B.A., Dip.Ed., M.A., Ph.D. D.H. Liu O.R. Siddle, O.B.E., B.A., F.R.S.A. Elizabeth Sinn, B.A., M.Phil. iii ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1984 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/5h73wh572 # ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY # HONG KONG BRANCH ## BALANCE SHEET AT 31ST DECEMBER 1983 ### ASSETS H.K. Currency 1983 1982 ### LIABILITIES Accumulated Fund H.K. Currency 1983 $233,464 Balance as at 1st January 1983 (2,987) Add: Excess of Income over Expenditure in 1983 230,477 Balance as at 31st December 1983 $230,476.72 Listed Investments, at cost $111,147.60 885.43 231,362.15 165,000 3,329 Balance at Bank Fixed Deposits Current Account $175,000.00 4,214.55 179,214.55 Sundry Creditor - Printing Charges for Journal & Index $49,000.00 $59,000.00 $279,477 $290,362.15 $279,477 $290,362.15 D.A. Gilkes Honorary Treasurer ## Notes: (1) Listed investments at 31st December 1983: 525 shares Hang Seng Bank Limited $34,272.00 $19,950.00 4,200 shares Hong Kong Electric (Holdings) Company Limited $24,192.00 $23,100.00 2,464 shares Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corporation $28,893.60 $17,248.00 2,500 shares Hong Kong Land Company Limited $23,790.60 $7,250.00 $111,147.60 $67,548.00 All listed investments are stated at cost, and no provision for diminution in value has been made in the accounts. (2) Subscription and interest incomes are accounted for on cash basis. ## HONG KONG BRANCH ## REPORT OF THE HONORARY AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY In our opinion, the above balance sheet is properly drawn up so as to exhibit a true and fair view of the Society's affairs at 31st December 1983 and of its income and expenditure for the year ended on that date. Dated: 22nd March, 1984, WR510/(A05-8) Kwan Wong Tan & Fong Honorary Auditors Chartered Accountants Certified Public Accountants, Hong Kong ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1984 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/5h73wh572 xix ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY HONG KONG BRANCH BALANCE SHEET AT 31ST DECEMBER 1984 1983 LIABILITIES Accumulated Fund $230,477 Balance as at 1st January, 1984 Less: Loss on 2,500 shares of Hong Kong Land H.K. Currency 1983 ASSETS $3171,148 $231,362.15 Listed Investments, at cost $111,140.00 H.K. Currency Co., Ltd. Cost 13,790.00 Sale 8,850.80 14,939.20 Less: 2,500 shares of Hong Kong Land Co., Ltd. 23,790.00 $87,357.60 Less. Excess of Expenditure over Income in 1984 885 24,192.38 231,367 Balance as al 775,000 Balance at Bank Fixed Deposits $145,000.00 31st December 1984 192,130.57 Sundry Creditor Printing Charges 4,274 Current Account 13,772.97 158,772.97 59,000 for Journal $290,362 54,000.00 $246,130.57 $3790.362 $246,130.57 D.A. Gilkes Honorary Treasurer Notes: (1) Listed investments at 31st December 1984; 577 shares Hang Seng Bank Limited Cost $34,272.00 Market Value $524,234.00 4,620 shares Hong Kong Electric (Holdings) Company Limited 24,192.00 30,954.00 3,080 shares Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corporation 28,893.60 24,486.00 $87,357.60 $79,674.00 All listed investments are stated at cost, and no provision for diminution in value has been made in the accounts. (2) Subscription and interest incomes are accounted for on cash basis. REPORT OF THE HONORARY AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY - HONG KONG BRANCH We have audited the above financial statement in accordance with approved Auditing Standards. In our opinion, the above balance sheet is properly drawn up so as to exhibit a true and fair view of the Society's affairs at 31st December 1984 and of its income and expenditure for the year then ended. Dated: 6th March, 1985. WR510/A05-3) Kwan Wong Tan & Fong Honorary Auditors Chartered Accountants Certified Public Accountants, Hong Kong Note: due to an editorial oversight, Volume 23 contained the accounts of the Society in their "subject to Audit" form rather than in their audited form. The audited accounts for 1983-84 are therefore now given here, with those for 1984/85. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1985 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/gt54s866x THE HONG KONG BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY Patron: H.E. Sir Edward Youde G.C.M.G., M.B.E., Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1985 President: J.W. Hayes, M.A., Ph.D., J.P. Vice-Presidents: Carl T. Smith, B.A., M.DIV. D.A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. Hon. Secretary: R.H. McLean Hon. Treasurer: D.A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. Hon. Editors: David Faure, B.A., Ph.D. P.H. Hase, B.A., Ph.D. Hon. Librarian: Peter Yeung, B.A., M.L.S. Councillors: Hugh Gibb, M.A. Michael Lau, B.A., Dip.Ed., M.A., Ph.D. Y.W. Lau, B.A., Ph.D. D.H. Liu, Oliver Siddle, O.B.E., B.A. (Oxon.), F.R.S.A. Elizabeth Sinn, B.A., M.Phil. A.K.K. Siu, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. iii ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1985 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/gt54s866x xvii 1984 LIABILITIES Accumulated Fund $31,362 Balance as at 1st January, 1985 Less Loss on 2,500 shares of $192,130.57 ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY HONG KONG BRANCH BALANCE SHEET AT 31ST DECEMBER 1985 H.K. Currency 1984 ASSETS SH148 Listed Investments, at cost Less 2,500 shares of Hong Kong Land Co., Ltd. H.K. Currency $ 87,357.60 23 "90 Hong Kong Land 14,393 Co., Ltd. 8,358 24,292 Less: Excess of Expenditure over Income in 1985 Balance at Bank 33,956.80 145,000 13,733 Fixed Deposits Current Account $145,000.00 816.17 145,816.17 192,737 Balance as at 31st December, 1985 Sundry Creditor 138,173.77 Pracing 54,000 Charges for Journal $246,131 15,000.00 $233,173.77 $246,131 $233,173.77 D.A. Gilkes Honorary Treasurer Notes: (1) Listed investments at 31st December 1985: 634 shares Hang Seng Bank Limited 4,620 shares Hong Kong Electric (Holdings) Company Limited 3,388 shares Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corporation (2) Subscription and interest incomes are accounted for on cash basis. Cost Market Value $34,272.00 $29,164.00 24,192.00 39,270.00 28,893.60 26,087.60 $87,357.60 $94,521.60 REPORT OF THE HONORARY AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY HONG KONG BRANCH We have audited the above financial statement in accordance with approved Auditing Standards. In our opinion, the above balance sheet is properly drawn up so as to exhibit a true and fair view of the Society's affairs at 31st December 1985 and of its income and expenditure for the year then ended. Dated: 24th February, 1986. WR510(A05-3) Kwan Wong Tan & Fong Honorary Auditors Chartered Accountants Certified Public Accountant, Hong Kong ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1986 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/jq08c7063 THE HONG KONG BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY Patron: H.E. Sir Edward Youde G.C.M.G., M.B.E., Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1986 President: J.W. Hayes, I.S.O., M.A., Ph.D., J.P. Vice-Presidents: Carl T. Smith, B.A., M.DIV. D.A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. Hon. Secretary: Anita Wilson, M.A. Hon. Treasurer: D.A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. Hon. Editors: David Faure, B.A., Ph.D. P.H. Hase, B.A., Ph.D. Hon. Librarian: Peter Yeung, B.A., M.L.S. Councillors: Julian Davey, M.A. (Cantab.), M.A. (London) Hugh Gibb, M.A. Michael Lau, B.A., Dip.Ed., M.A., Ph.D. Y.W. Lau, B.A., Ph.D. D.H. Liu Elizabeth Sinn, B.A., M.Phil. A.K.K. Siu, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. iii ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1986 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/jq08c7063 XV 1985 H.K. Currency ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY HONG KONG BRANCH BALANCE SHEET AT 31ST DECEMBER 1986 LIABILITIES Accumulated Fund $192,131 Balance as at 1st January, 1986 $158,173.77 Less: Excess of Expenditure over Income in 1986 33,957.15 $158,173.77 Balance as at 31st December 1986 $158,174.62 Sundry Creditor 3,758.15 $233,174.00 ASSETS $ 87,358 Listed Investments, at cost $ 87,357.60 123,926.21 Accounts Receivable 34,247.56 75,000.00 Printing Charges for Journal 75,000.00 107,810.46 Fixed Deposits 100,000.00 7,810.46 Current Account 7,810.46 $198,926.21 Balance at Bank $198,926.21 $233,174.00 $233,174.00 D.A. Gilkes Honorary Treasurer Notes: (1) Listed investments at 31st December 1986: 760 shares Hang Seng Bank Limited 4,620 shares Hong Kong Electric (Holdings) Company Limited 4,065 shares Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corporation Cost Market Value $34,272.00 $31,540.00 24,192.00 60,060.00 28,893.60 37,601.25 $87,357.60 $129,201.25 (2) Subscription and interest incomes are accounted for on cash basis. HONG KONG BRANCH REPORT OF THE HONORARY AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY We have audited the above financial statements in accordance with approved Auditing Standards. In our opinion, the above balance sheet is properly drawn up so as to exhibit a true and fair view of the Society's affairs at 31st December 1986 and of its income and expenditure for the year then ended. Dated: 18th March, 1987. Kwan Wong Tan & Fong Certified Public Accountants Honorary Auditors ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1987 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/rx919b522 THE HONG KONG BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY Patron: H.E. Sir David Wilson, K.C.M.G. Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1987 President: J.W. Hayes, I.S.O., M.A., Ph.D., J.P. Vice-Presidents: D.A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. Carl T. Smith, B.A., M.DIV. Hon. Secretary: Anita Wilson, M.A. Hon. Treasurer: D.A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. Hon. Editors: David Faure, B.A., Ph.D. P.H. Hase, B.A., Ph.D. Hon. Librarian: Peter Yeung, B.A., M.L.S. Councillors: Phillip Bruce Julian Davey, M.A. (Cantab.), M.A. (London) Hugh Gibb, M.A. Michael Lau, B.A., Dip.Ed., M.A., Ph.D. Y.W. Lau, B.A., Ph.D. D.H. Liu Elizabeth Sinn, B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D. A.K.K. Siu, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. iii ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1987 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/rx919b522 xiv 1986 LIABILITIES Accumulated Fund H.K. Currency ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY HONG KONG BRANCH BALANCE SHEET AT 31ST DECEMBER 1987 1986 ASSETS $ 87,358 Listed Investments, at cost H.K. Currency $ 90,913.60 $158,173 34,247 $123,926 Balance as at 1st January, 1987 Less: Excess of Expenditure over Income in 1987 Balance as at 31st December 1987 $123,926.21 36,403.59 Accounts Receivable 87,522.62 Balance at Bank 75,000 Sundry Creditor - Printing Charges for Journal 90,000.00 100,000 Fixed Deposits Subscriptions (1988) received 7,810 Current Account 60,868.36 54,990.66 115,859.02 in advance $198,926 29,250.00 $206,772.62 $198,926 $206,772.62 Notes: (1) Listed investments at 31st December 1987: 1,140 shares Hang Seng Bank Limited 4,620 shares Hong Kong Electric (Holdings) Company Limited 5,081 shares Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corporation Add: Cost of Rights issued.. 4,620 shares Cavendish International Holdings Ltd.. (2) Subscription and interest incomes are accounted for on cash basis. Dated: February 1988 D.A. Gilkes Honorary Treasurer Cost Market Value $34,272.00 $31,350.00 24,192.00 34,881.00 28,893.60 32,449.60 3,556.00 13,629.00 $90,913.60 $116,697.25 ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1988 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/ft84gb83q THE HONG KONG BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY Patron: H.E. Sir David Wilson, K.C.M.G. Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1988 President: J.W. Hayes, I.S.O., M.A., Ph.D., J.P. Vice-Presidents: D.A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. Carl T. Smith, B.A., M.DIV. Hon. Secretary: Eveline M. Caldwell, M.A., M.B.C.S., F.Coll.P., M.I.E.E. Hon. Treasurer: Robert Nield, F.C.A., F.H.K.S.A. Hon. Editors: David Faure, B.A., Ph.D. Hon. Librarian: Peter Yeung, B.A., M.L.S. Councillors: Phillip Bruce Michael Lau, B.A., Dip.Ed., M.A., Ph.D. Y.W. Lau, B.A., Ph.D. Elizabeth Sinn, B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D. A.K.K. Siu, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. P.H. Hase, B.A., Ph.D. Anita Wilson, M.A. iii ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1989 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/8336pm92h THE HONG KONG BRANCH OF THE 34 ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY Patron: H.E. Sir David Wilson, K.C.M.G. Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1989 President: J.W. Hayes, I.S.O., M.A., Ph.D., J.P. Vice-Presidents: D.A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. Carl T. Smith, B.A., M.DIV. Hon. Secretary: Eveline M. Caldwell, M.A., M.B.C.S., F.Coll.P., M.I.E.E. Hon. Treasurer: Robert Nield, F.C.A., F.H.K.S.A. Hon. Editors: David Faure, B.A., Ph.D. Hon. Librarian: Peter Yeung, B.A., M.L.S. Councillors: Phillip Bruce Michael Lau, B.A., Dip.Ed., M.A., Ph.D. Y.W. Lau, B.A., Ph.D. Elizabeth Sinn, B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D. A.K.K. Siu, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. P.H. Hase, B.A., Ph.D. Anita Wilson, M.A. iii ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1990 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/d79206299 THE HONG KONG BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY Patron: H.E. Sir David Wilson, K.C.M.G. Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1990 President: D.A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. Vice-Presidents: Carl T. Smith, B.A., M.Div. Elizabeth Sinn, B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D. Hon. Secretary: Eveline M. Caldwell, M.A., M.B.C.S., F.Coll.P., M.I.E.E. Hon. Treasurer: Robert Nield, F.C.A., F.H.K.S.A. Hon. Editor: P.H. Hase B.A., Ph.D. Hon. Librarian: Wan Yiu-chuen, B.A., M.Phil., A.L.A. Councillors: Phillip Bruce Michael Lau, B.A., Dip.Ed., M.A., Ph.D. Y.W. Lau, B.A., Ph.D. A.K.K. Siu, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. Anita Wilson, M.A. D.D. Waters, I.S.O., B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D., Dip.IET., F.C.I.O.B., F.B.I.M. Joseph S.P. Ting, B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D. iii ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1990 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/d79206299 Need support from all members: those of you therefore who feel they can give assistance in any area of our activities please do not hesitate to come forward. As they say, you are welcome. xiii D. A. GILKES President ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1990 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/d79206299 23 2 China: The Land and the People (New York, William Sloane Associates. 1948), pp. 152-153. 3 A most useful survey is given in chapter 4, Autonomous Hong Kong, 1972-1982, of Ian Scott's Political Change and the Crisis of Legitimacy in Hong Kong (London, Hurst and Company, 1989). 4 My government service was mostly spent in departments and in direct contact with the population. 5 Lin Yutang, My Country and My People (New York, Halcyon House, 1938), pp. 203-206. 6 My The Hong Kong Region 1850-1911: Institutions and Leadership in Town and Countryside (Hamden, Connecticut, Archon Books, 1977) and The Rural Communities of Hong Kong: Studies and Themes (Hong Kong, Oxford University Press, 1983) are directed at this theme. See especially the Introduction to the former, at pp. 11-13. See also David Faure, "The Hong Kong History Project”, Journal of the Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, Vol. 27 (1987), p. 261. 7 Personal letter from Walter Schofield (1888-1968) dated 27 July 1962. 8 Austin Coates, Summary Memoranda on the Southern District of the New Territories, Spring 1955 (Unpublished). He was District Officer between May 1953 and July 1955. 9 Everard Cotes, Signs and Portents in the Far East (London, Methuen & Co., n.d. but 1907), pp. 110-111, 10 Rev. R.H. Graves, D.D., Forty Years in China, or China in Transition (Baltimore, R.H. Woodward Company, 1895), pp. 18-19, 11 Reginald F. Johnston, Confucianism and Modern China (London, Victor Gollancz Ltd., 1934), p. 66, citing Mencius, Book 1, Part 2, Chapter viii. 12 13 Stuart Schram, Mao Tse-tung (Harmondsworth, Penguin Books, 1967), p. 21. 14 Herbert Giles gives numerous examples in the chapter "Democratic China" at pp. 75-106 of his China and the Chinese (New York, The Columbia University Press, 1912). Many others are cited by Kung-Chuan Hsiao, Rural China, Imperial Control in the Nineteenth Century (Seattle, University of Washington Press, 1960), pp. 433-440. 15 I am uncertain whether this record was engraved on a stone which has since been lost, or whether it only ever existed on paper. Either way, the original is now lost, and I cannot now recall who was kind enough to give me a copy. 16 My early lectures came from male and female indigenous New Territories villagers living in remote places at a time when modernization had not yet set in; it was seemingly part of the tradition. 17 In Leonard A. Lyall, China (London, Ernest Benn. 1944). p. 99. 18 E.R. Hughes, The Invasion of China by the Western World (London, Adam and Charles Black, 1937), p. 157. 19 Arthur H. Smith, China in Convulsion (Edinburgh, Oliphant, Anderson and Ferrier. 1901), Vol. 1, p. 6. Striving to convey to his readers and listeners the power of these teachings, he explained that ... the tenets of Confucianism, as a whole and in detail, [are] intellectually and psychologically appropriated by the Chinese as on a par with a law of nature. 20 Yang Kang, Daughter, An Autobiographical Novel, (Beijing, Phoenix Books: Foreign Languages Press, 1988) pp. 225-226, and see also pp. 67-74, 80-83 of this fascinating book. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1990 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/d79206299 280 16 treated as a neutral, and ignored,' apart from numerous stray bullets which hit it accidentally. However, eventually "more than a hundred bandits" decided to come and kidnap the missionary's wife, and hold her for ransom. The missionary at this point gave up and fled for shelter to Hong Kong. Were these "bandits” a gang of opportunistic thieves and robbers who had come out of the mountains to take what they could in confused times, or one of the antagonists attacking a neutral in an attempt to fill the "war-chest? Clearly, "bandit attacks" were generated by, and cannot always be safely distinguished from, inter-village warfare. From all this evidence, it can be assumed that inter-village warfare in the mid-nineteenth century was endemic in the Hong Kong region, and that the evidence for the serious outbreak at Sham Chun given above merely fits the wider pattern. NOTES P.H. HASE 1 "The Archives of the Basel Mission", Journal of the Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, Vol. 28, 1988, pp. 203-207. 2 It is Basel Mission Archive document A1-9, NR. 31, Quarterly Report, Lilong Station, 1875. I am indebted to Mrs. E. Gilkes for assistance in translating this document. 3 The markets in the area in the Ming are listed in the 1688 County Gazetteer. "Kim Hau Market" is mentioned in the list of villages → this market may, therefore, already have been abandoned by 1688. 4 Enclosure C in Item 59 "Despatch, Governor Sir Matthew Nathan to Mr. Lyttelton”. Jan. 11, 1905, in Eastern No. 88 Confidential: Hong Kong 'Correspondence Relating to the Proposed Canton-Kowloon Railway', printed for the Colonial Office. 1907, p. 87 mentions "61 large and 232 medium-sized shops" there, plus, presumably some smaller places. 5 Lilong (F) was the main Basel Mission station in San On (X) District. It lies close to the railway to the north of Sham Chun. 6 Tsoi Uk Wai. 7 Of Wong Pui Ling. 8 At Nam Tau on the coast of the Pearl River. 9 For the she hok (*, "Community School"), see D. Faure, The Structure of Chinese Rural Society: Lineage and Village in the Eastern New Territories, Hong Kong, Oxford University Press, Hong Kong, 1986, pp. 130, 136-138, 222 (n. 16-17), 223 (n. 18). 10 The documents are in File CSO208/1902(Ext) (no title), Public Records Office, Hong Kong, ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1991 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/k356gt84j THE HONG KONG BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY Patron: H.E. Sir David Wilson, K.C.M.G. Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1991 President: D.A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. Vice-Presidents: Carl T. Smith, B.A., M.Div. Elizabeth Sinn, B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D. Hon. Secretary: Eveline M. Caldwell, M.A., M.B.C.S., F.Coll.P., M.I.E.E. Hon. Treasurer: Robert Nield, F.C.A., F.H.K.S.A. Hon. Editor: P.H. Hase B.A., Ph.D. Hon. Librarian: Wan Yiu-chuen, B.A., M.Phil., A.L.A. Councillors: Phillip Bruce Michael Lau, B.A., Dip.Ed., M.A., Ph.D. Y.W. Lau, B.A., Ph.D. A.K.K. Siu, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. Anita Wilson, M.A. D.D. Waters, I.S.O., M.Phil., Ph.D., Dip.IET., F.C.I.O.B., F.B.I.M. Joseph S.P. Ting, B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D. iii ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1991 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/k356gt84j 62 Yun nan tong zhi gao 雲南通志稿 選平樂府重建聖廟碑記 Xuan Ping lo fu chong jian sheng miao bei ji Ta xin shuo 塔性說 San jia shi bu yi 三家詩補遺 Wen xuan lou shu cang shu ji 文選樓書藏書記 Ba zhuan yin guan ke zhu ji 八轉吟館刻記 Bu bi tu shi 布幣圖識 A4 Ruan shi Chi gu zhai Han tong yin te 阮氏積古齋漢銅印得 Wen xuan lou cang bei 文選樓藏碑 Ruan wen da gong zhi shi hou jia shu 阮文達公致仕後家書 Han shi jing can zi 漢石經藏碑 Lang huan xian guan shi Ruan wen da gong zhi shi hou jia shu 阮文達公致仕後家書 Lun yu lun ren lun 論語論仁論 Meng zi lun ren lun NOTES Arthur F Wright, "Values, Roles, and Personalities” in Confucian Personalities, edited by Arthur F Wright and Denis Twitchett (Stanford 1962), 11 Ibid., 4 See Appendix 1 chronology of Ruan Yuan's government appointments and Appendix 2. Ruan Yuan's major works and compilations 4 Lyn Struve, "The Hsu Brothers and Semi-official Patronage of Scholars in the K'ang-hsi Period", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 42-231-266 (1982). R Kent Guy, The Emperor's Four Treasuries. Scholars and the State in the Late Ch'ien-lung Era, Harvard, 1987 Guy has inscribed "We await Ruan Yuan" on the front piece of my copy of his work Struve, 231 The three Xu Brothers were Xu Qian xue (1631-1694), Xue Bing yi (1633-1711), and Xu Yuan wen (1634-1691) Other officials who were patrons of scholars included Ye Fang ai (1629-1682), Song De yi (1622-1687), and Yu Guo zhu (d ca 1688), Struve, 232-239 7 Guy, 52 Guy had neglected to include the group Ruan Yuan had organized at the Gu Jing Jing she in Hangzhou earlier. A number of scholars from this group had followed Ruan throughout his official life from the late 1790s to the late 1830s for over 40 years I have opted to keep the Wade-Giles transliteration of the Guy original 8 Wang Jun-yi, “Kang Qian sheng shi yu Qian Jia xue pai — jian lun Qian Jia xue pai di liu pai ji chi ping jia" 清代乾嘉學派的流派及其評價 Qing shu yen jiu 4 342-366 (Beijing, 1986). Unless otherwise indicated, all translations into English in this paper are made by me 9 Qian Mu, Zhong guo jin san bai nian xue shu shi [A history of Chinese learning during the past 300 years], (Taipei edition, 1976), 478 ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1992 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/qf85tx75x THE HONG KONG BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY Patron: H.E. Sir David Wilson, K.C.M.G. Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1992 President: D.A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. Vice-Presidents: Carl T. Smith, B.A., M.Div. Elizabeth Sinn, B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D. Hon. Secretary: Eveline M. Caldwell, M.A., M.B.C.S., F.Coll.P., M.I.E.E. Hon. Treasurer: Robert Nield, F.C.A., F.H.K.S.A. Hon. Editor: P.H. Hase B.A., Ph.D. Hon. Librarian: Wan Yiu-chuen, B.A., M.Phil., A.L.A. Councillors: Phillip Bruce Michael Lau, B.A., Dip.Ed., M.A., Ph.D. Y.W. Lau, B.A., Ph.D. A.K.K. Siu, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. Anita Wilson, M.A. D.D. Waters, I.S.O., M.Phil., Ph.D., Dip.IET., F.C.I.O.B., F.B.I.M. Joseph S.P. Ting, B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D. iii ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1993 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/66833t302 THE HONG KONG BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY Patron: Christopher Patten Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1993 President: D.A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. Vice-Presidents: Carl T. Smith, B.A., M. Div. Elizabeth Sinn, B.A. M.Phil., Ph.D. Hon. Secretary: David St. Maur Sheil Hon. Treasurer: Robert Nield, F.C.A., F.H.K.S.A. Hon. Editor: P.H. Hase B.A., Ph.D. Hon. Librarian: Y.C. Wan Councillors: Phillip Bruce Michael Lau, B.A., Dip.Ed., M.A., Ph.D. A.K.K. Siu, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. Anita Wilson, M.A. D.D. Waters, I.S.O., M.Phil., Ph.D., Dip.IET., F.C.I.O.B., F.B.I.M. Joseph S.P. Ting, B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D. Peter Leeds iv ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1994 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/zk522640g The Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society Patron: Christopher Patten Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1994 President: D.A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. Vice-Presidents: Carl T. Smith, B.A., M. Div. Elizabeth Sinn, B.A. M.Phil., Ph.D. Hon. Secretary: David St. Maur Sheil Hon. Treasurer: Robert Nield, F.C.A., F.H.K.S.A. Hon. Editor: P.H. Hase B.A., Ph.D. Hon. Librarian: Y.C. Wan Councillors: Phillip Bruce Michael Lau, B.A., Dip.Ed., M.A., Ph.D. A.K.K. Siu, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. Anita Wilson, M.A. D.D. Waters, I.S.O., M.Phil., Ph.D., Dip.IET., F.C.I.O.B., F.B.I.M. Joseph S.P. Ting, B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D. Peter Leeds Upon reviewing the original text and the response, several adjustments can be made to improve the formatting and adhere more closely to the instructions: 1. **Format in Markdown**: The response should be formatted in Markdown. Headers, bold text, and proper paragraph handling are essential. 2. **Rejoin broken sentences and restore paragraph breaks**: Some names and titles are separated; they should be rejoined. Proper paragraph breaks should be maintained. 3. **File references and other specific formatting**: Not applicable in this text, but it's good to note. 4. **Page numbering**: Not present in this text. Here's an improved version in Markdown format: # The Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society ## Patron: Christopher Patten Governor of Hong Kong ## The Council, 1994 ### President: D.A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. ### Vice-Presidents: Carl T. Smith, B.A., M. Div. Elizabeth Sinn, B.A. M.Phil., Ph.D. ### Hon. Secretary: David St. Maur Sheil ### Hon. Treasurer: Robert Nield, F.C.A., F.H.K.S.A. ### Hon. Editor: P.H. Hase B.A., Ph.D. ### Hon. Librarian: Y.C. Wan ### Councillors: Phillip Bruce Michael Lau, B.A., Dip.Ed., M.A., Ph.D. A.K.K. Siu, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. Anita Wilson, M.A. D.D. Waters, I.S.O., M.Phil., Ph.D., Dip.IET., F.C.I.O.B., F.B.I.M. Joseph S.P. Ting, B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D. Peter Leeds However, to strictly follow the instruction to output only HTML using `` for paragraphs and ` ` only if absolutely necessary, the revised response would be: The Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society Patron: Christopher Patten Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1994 President: D.A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. Vice-Presidents: Carl T. Smith, B.A., M. Div. Elizabeth Sinn, B.A. M.Phil., Ph.D. Hon. Secretary: David St. Maur Sheil Hon. Treasurer: Robert Nield, F.C.A., F.H.K.S.A. Hon. Editor: P.H. Hase B.A., Ph.D. Hon. Librarian: Y.C. Wan Councillors: Phillip Bruce Michael Lau, B.A., Dip.Ed., M.A., Ph.D. A.K.K. Siu, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. Anita Wilson, M.A. D.D. Waters, I.S.O., M.Phil., Ph.D., Dip.IET., F.C.I.O.B., F.B.I.M. Joseph S.P. Ting, B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D. Peter Leeds This version adheres to the HTML output requirement. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1994 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/zk522640g ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY - HONG KONG BRANCH BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31ST DECEMBER 1994 (expressed in Hong Kong Dollars) 1994 1993 HK$ HK$ FIXED ASSETS Cost at 31st December 32,488 32,488 Less Accumulated depreciation 31,487 30,760 1,001 1,728 OTHER INVESTMENTS (Note 2) 530,150 CURRENT ASSETS Stock of ties 16,680 Debtors and prepayments 1,075 Fixed deposit 203,707 196,681 Bank balance - savings 83,855 646,533 Bank balance - current 2,114 4,049 306,356 848,338 CURRENT LIABILITIES Accrued printing cost 291,860 273,000 Creditors 20,838 13,650 Subscriptions in advance 18,930 18,880 331,628 305,530 NET CURRENT (LIABILITIES)/ASSETS (25,272) 542,808 Represented by: ACCUMULATED FUND 504,879 544,536 504,879 544,536 The accounts were approved by Robert Nield D.A. Gilkes President Hon Treasurer On 13th March 1995 xvii ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1995 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/95941j25g # THE HONG KONG BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY Patron: Christopher Patten Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1995 President: D.A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. Vice-Presidents: Carl T. Smith, B.A., M. Div. Elizabeth Sinn, B.A., M. Phil., Ph.D. Hon. Secretary: David St. Maur Sheil Hon. Treasurer: Robert Nield, F.C.A., F.H.K.S.A. Hon. Editor: P.E. Halliday Hon. Librarian: Julia Chan Councillors: Phillip Bruce Michael Lau, B.A., Dip. Ed., M.A., Ph.D. A.K.K. Siu, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. Anita Wilson, M.A. D.D. Waters, I.S.O., M.Phil., Ph.D., Dip.IET., F.C.I.O.B., F.B.I.M. Joseph S.P. Ting, B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D. P.H. Hase, B.A., Ph.D. ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1996 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/3n209j641 The Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society Patron Christopher Patten Governor of Hong Kong The Council, 1996-97 President D.A. Gilkes, M.A., C.A., J.P. (until October, 1996) D.D. Waters, I.S.O., M.Phil., Ph.D., Dip. IET., F.C.I.O.B., F.B.I.M. (Acting until March, 1997) Vice-presidents Carl T. Smith, B.A., M.Div. Elizabeth Sinn, B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D. Hon. Secretary David St. Maur Sheil (until November, 1996) Claire Hockaday (acting until March, 1997) Hon. Treasurer Robert Nield, F.C.A., F.H.K.S.A. Hon. Editor Peter Halliday Hon. Librarian Julia Chan Councillors Phillip Bruce Michael Lau, B.A., Dip. Ed., M.A., Ph.D. A.K.K. Siu, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. Anita Wilson, M.A. Joseph S.P. Ting, B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D. P.H. Hase, B.A., Ph.D. Geoffrey Roper, B.A. iv ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1996 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/3n209j641 251 PAST PRESIDENTS DAN WATERS Since our Branch was resuscitated we have been fortunate in having a number of distinguished Presidents who put in considerable time and effort towards the running of our Branch. Some of them have, or had, scholarly reputations of international standing. We remain grateful to them. Our Past Presidents, together with their years in office, are listed below: Dr. J. R. Jones, C.B.E., M.C., M.A., LL.D., J.P. 1960-1969 Sir Lindsay Ride, C.B.E., E.D., M.A., Hon. LL.D., J.P., 1969-1972 Dr Marjorie Topley, B.Sc.(Econ), Ph.D., 1972-1983 Dr. James W. Hayes, L.S.O., M.A.(Lond.), Ph.D.(Lond.), Hon. D. Litt. (HK), J.P. 1983-1990 Mr David A. Gilkes, M.B.E., M.A., C.A., J.P., 1990-1996 According to our Constitution (Rule 11.), 'In addition to the elected Councillors all Past Presidents of the Society who are resident in Hong Kong shall be Members of the Council.' ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1997 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/wp98g7579 155 Asiatic Society has really been a “labour of love" and James has described the Branch as the "Joy of his life". Although now living "Down Under", he likes to stress he is "only a fax away". He makes regular visits back to Hong Kong. Following Dr Hayes as President was David Gilkes. Almost all his nearly 30 years as a member of the Branch in Hong Kong was spent as an office bearer. In addition to Dr Hayes the Reverend Carl T. Smith, at present as Honorary Vice-President, an American, is another Branch member with an international reputation. He has made major contributions to local history with many publications to his credit. One of his greatest achievements was working through all the records in the Hong Kong Public Records Office (Smith 1995: 315). As a result the "Carl Smith Card Index System" has been microfilmed by the Utah Genealogical Society and a copy of the system is in the Public Records Office where it is known as the "Smith Collection", Other Hong Kong RAS present or past members of note include J. D. Romer, normally known to the Chinese as the “Snake King”. In Cantonese, this expression has a double entendre. Romer was, however, certainly not a lazy person! Worldwide, the Romer Tree Frog (Philautus romeri) is found only on one or two of Hong Kong's islands. It is little bigger than an adult's thumb nail and was first identified by Romer (Dudgeon 1994: 168), There is also Keith Stevens, now an overseas member living in England, where his house has a large “god room". His personal collection, said to be the largest private collection of Chinese gods in the world, consists of about 1,500 images of deities (Stevens 1997). The future A well attended seminar was held in May 1987, the purpose of which was to look at the future of the RASHKB. At the time, a questionnaire was also issued to all members. Since then, the future role of the Branch has been discussed at various Council meetings. It was quoted in a publication entitled, A Handbook to Hong Kong, ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1998 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/1g05n0794 is worth ten pressed men (or women) this Group has been able to carry out some really meaningful tasks and provide a community service. Our thanks are due to all these volunteers and especially to our two very experienced RAS Chartered Surveyor members, Bill Greaves and Bob Horsnell, who lead this Group (see Appendix D). Friends' of RASHKB After the setting up of such a Group was initially proposed in the summer of 1997, by Keith Stevens, the 'Friends' of the RASHKB, in Britain, got off to a good start in 1998. A separate report about this Group has been compiled by its Chairman (RASHKB Immediate Past President), David Gilkes. We are grateful to all our overseas members who have worked hard to establish this Group which is now, I am pleased to report, on a sound footing. Library and Finance Both our Honorary Librarian, Julia Chan, and our Honorary Treasurer, Robert Nield, have prepared their own 1998/1999 reports. I thank them both for their guidance and for the special expertise they bring to our Council. Accommodation We are extremely grateful to PricewaterhouseCoopers for providing us with accommodation, for our Council and committee meetings, conveniently situated in the heart of Central. We are also extremely grateful to the Public Records Office, at Kwun Tong, for providing us with storage space and assistance in other capacities during the past year. We are also grateful to the Urban Council for allowing us to conduct our lectures in the City Hall as joint Urban Council RASHKB functions. The Council Although a large amount of the more routine administration and other work is carried out by individual Council members, much of it in their own homes, nevertheless all the important decisions are taken ‘in Council.' It meets once every six weeks or so with a break during the xvii ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-1999 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/s178b887x d) February 2000: A lively Chinese lunch at the suitably named Golden Dragon Restaurant in Gerrard Street, London, attended by 45 persons. For the arrangement of these activities we again have to thank Rosemary Lee, Anita Wilson, Kirsty Norman, and Keith Stevens, all of whom really make this Friends Society bond and move forward. We are now looking at the future and we will have the pleasure of welcoming Prof. Hugh Baker, Professor of Chinese at SOAS to lecture on 27th May, at which time we will also have our annual general meeting. Unfortunately the proposed trip to visit World War I cemeteries and battlefields in Northern France and Flanders to examine Chinese graves has again had to be postponed due to the incompetence of the travel agent. However the Oxford weekend is still in the planning stages and it is hoped to visit Brian McElney's collection of oriental porcelain and artefacts in Bath. I close this report by sending you on behalf of the Friends in the UK all our best wishes for a successful annual general meeting and for the years ahead. It is very encouraging to read the newsletter and to see that the membership is at a high level; there is an enviable lecture and activity programme, and a steady stream of publications; for all of this we congratulate you. D.A.Gilkes, Chairman March 2000 XXIII ================================================================================ RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 | RAS-2003 https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/2v242g390 50 more detail, the returns for the Company and 'Country' trade at Appendix I in Greenberg, Michael (1951), British Trade and the Opening of China. Cambridge University Press. s Cited in Views of the Pearl River Delta, Macau, Canton and Hong Kong (1996). Urban Council, Hong Kong joint exhibition organized by the Hong Kong Museum of Art and the Peabody Essex Museum, USA, p.108. 9 Ball, B.L., M.D., Rambles in Eastern Asia Including China and Manilla During Several Years' Residence, Boston, 1855, pp.97-8, 10 Davis, John Francis (1845). Sketches of China Partly During an Inland Journey of Four Months, Between Peking, Nanking and Canton. [made with Lord Amherst's Embassy in 1816]. London, as a Supplement to the 1845 edition of The Chinese, p.262. 11 Cited in Views, op.cit., p.109. 12 Parkinson, op.cit., pp.257-8. 13 Gutzlaff, Rev. Charles (1838). China Opened, or A Display of the Topography, History, Customs, Manners, Arts, Manufactures, Commerce, Literature, Religion, Jurisprudence, Etc., of the Chinese Empire. London, Smith, Elder & Co., 2 vols. At Vol. I, p.138. 14 For an evocative recent account of Canton, see Garrett, Valery M. (2002). Heaven is High, the Emperor Far Away, Merchants and Mandarins in Old Canton, Hong Kong, Oxford University Press. 15 For a description, see Davis, The Chinese, vol. II, pp.114-116. 16 Herbert A. Giles (1900). A Glossary of Reference of Subjects Connected with the Far East. Shanghai, Kelly & Walsh, Third Edition, p.87. A plan of the Factories, as drawn in 1856, is given in Morse, Hosea Ballou (1910), The International Relations of the Chinese Empire, The Period of Conflict 1834-1860. Shanghai, Kelly and Walsh, opposite p.70. 17 Ball, Rambles in Eastern Asia, op.cit., p.100. The earlier remark is by Commodore Mathew Perry, USN, when en route to his Mission to Japan, but other than having recorded "Perry, p.136" I cannot at present trace my source. ================================================================================