A NEW LOOK AT CANTONESE EXPLETIVES
M-W (OM) Character
Basic Meaning
121
SOAS
準備 ZEORNBREI CHUN-PEI
immediate intention
將近 ZHEONQGRAN TSEUNG-KÂN
near future
將來 ZHEONQLROY TSEUNG-LOI
remoter future
再 ZOI TSOI
就 ZOR CHOH "FA ZRAU TSAO
就嚟 ZRAULRAY TSAO-LAI
住 ZRY CHUÊ
LÀ
repetition or continuation
completion
subjunctive
immediate future
continuation
PARADIGMS
Serial Analysis
SOAS
1 AEIOU ZROU
2 AEJO U XOOCRIR-ZROU
3 AEJO U XOOCRIR-MRHZROU
4 AEJO U XOOCRIR-MREIZROU
5 AEJO X (WRUU) SHEONQ-ZROU
6 AEJO X (WRUU) SHEONQ-MRHZROU
7 AEKO U WRAAK (ZEAR)-ZROU
8 AEKO U WRAAK (ZEAR)-MRHZROU
9 AEKO U WRAAK (ZEAR)-MREIZROU
10 AEK SU (CREOY) FHEY-ZOO (ZRAU)
Approximate English equivalent
Inf: to do. Indic: intends to do, tries to do, do, does, did, will do, be done.
Imper: do! let's do! Subj: if one does, etc. apparently do or have done to.
apparently are not doing (being done) or about to (be) done.
apparently will shortly do (be done) or have not done (had done to), do to each other. refrain from doing to each other.
may have (been) done, may be doing (having done to), may be about to do (be done).
may not be doing (being done to) or about to do (be done).
may be about to do (be done) or may not have (been) done.
unless I do it, unless it be done.
11 AEK SU (CREOY) FHEY-MRHZROU (ZRAU)
12 AEM RV ZROU-LHA
13 AEM S V CEARNG-ZROU
unless I do not do it, unless it be left undone. (N.B. There is an idiomatic elliptical use here: "It might be best not to do it.")
do!
please do.
A NEW LOOK AT CANTONESE EXPLETIVES
M-W (OM) Character
Basic Meaning
121
SOAS
ZEORNBREI
CHUN-PEI
準備
immediate intention
ZHEONQGRAN TSEUNG-KÂN
將近
near future
ZHEONQLROY
TSEUNG-LOI 將來
remoter future
ZOI
TSOI
j
ZOR
CHOH
"FA
ZRAU
TSAO
就
ZRAULRAY
TSAO-LAI
就嚟
ZRY
CHUÊ
LÀ
repetition or continuation
completion
subjunctive
immediate future
continuation
PARADIGMS
Serial
Analysis
SOAS
I AEIOU ZROU
2 AEJO U XOOCRIR-ZROU
3 AEJO U XOOCRIR-MRHZROU
4 AEJO U XOOCRIR-MREIZROU
5 AEJO X (WRUU) SHEONQ-ZROU 6 AEJO X (WRUU) SHEONQ-
MRHZROU
7 AEKO U WRAAK (ZEAR)-ZROU
8 AEKO U WRAAK (ZEAR)-
MRHZROU
9 AEKO U WRAAK (ZEAR)-
MREIZROU
10 AEK SU (CREOY) FHEY-ZOO
(ZRAU)
Approximate English equivalent
Inf: to do. Indic: intends to do, tries to do, do, does, did, will do, be done.
Imper: do! let's do! Subj: if one does, etc. apparently do or have done to.
apparently are not doing (being done) or about to (be) done.
apparently will shortly do (be done) or have not done (had done to), do to each other. refrain from doing to each other.
may have (been) done, may be doing (having done to), may be about to do (be done).
may not be doing (being done to) or about to do (be done).
may be about to do (be done) or may not have (been) done.
unless I do it, unless it be done.
11 AEK S U (CREOY) FHEY-
MRHZROU (ZRAU)
12 AEM RV
13 AEM S V
ZROU-LHA
CEARNG-ZROU
unless I do not do it,
unless it be left undone. (N.B. There is an idio. matic elliptical use here: "It might be best not to do it.")
do!
please do.
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