may make the future increase in demand quite different from that in the past. A more sophisticated complementary analysis can be made by subdivision of demand into categories—e.g., industrial, and various domestic categories—and with all available knowledge of future growth rates of each category of consumer, gleaned from population estimates, building programmes, etc., a picture of future demand can be built up from the estimates of its various parts. Estimates of this sort were prepared by the Water Resources Survey, and statistics to revise these are continuously being gathered by the Waterworks Supply Division.
3.45 When demand is estimated, the possible resources can be matched to it, taking account of practical time-tables for investigation, design, and construction of large civil engineering works. This work showed the need to proceed with works to increase the capacity of the Plover Cove system, and to begin investigations for the new reservoir at High Island. It was also shown that desalting would be needed in Hong Kong. As a result, an experimental desalting plant was installed to assess the performance in Hong Kong of materials used in evaporation for the manufacture of fresh water, and to establish a suitable location for the larger permanent plant currently under construction.
3.46 Planning of the supply facilities necessary to deliver water to the consumers involves assessment of the best physical subdivision into supply zones, limited in extent and level, calculation of probable demand in these zones, based on estimates of use, population, and unit demand rates, and selection of suitable sites for pumping stations, pipelines, and service reservoirs. The process is the same in established but growing areas, with the added guidance of a record of demand growth. All of this planning is duplicated for salt water flushing supplies.
3.47 Reservoir operational planning has historically depended on frequent adjustments of the supply zones of the various reservoirs so that the rate of draw-off is changed. The object is to avoid overflow from some reservoirs whilst others are not yet full, or conversely, to avoid some reservoirs emptying before others. The 'normal' complications of this work are the physical limitations on rate of draw-off from any particular source, the estimation of demand in the supply zone selected, and the rapid changes which can take place in the relative storage positions of the reservoirs due to mal-distribution of rainfall.
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may make the future increase in demand quite different from that in the past. A more sophisticated complementary analysis can be made by subdivision of demand into categories-e.g. industrial, and various domestic categories—and with all available knowledge of future growth rates of each category of consumer, gleaned from population estimates, building programmes, etc., a picture of future demand can be built up from the estimates of its various parts. Estimates of this sort were prepared by the Water Resources Survey, and statistics to revise these are continuously being gathered by the Waterworks Supply Division.
3.45 When demand is estimated, the possible resources can be matched to it, taking account of practical time-tables for investigation, design and construction of large civil engineering works. This work showed the need to proceed with works to increase the capacity of the Plover Cove system, and to begin investigations for the new reservoir at High Island. It was also shown that desalting would be needed in Hong Kong. As a result an experimental desalting plant was installed to assess the performance in Hong Kong of materials used in evapora- tion for the manufacture of fresh water, and to establish a suitable location for the larger permanent plant currently under construction.
3.46 Planning of the supply facilities necessary to deliver water to the consumers involves assessment of the best physical subdivision into supply zones, limited in extent and level, calculation of probable demand in these zones, based on estimates of use, population, and unit demand rates and selection of suitable sites for pumping stations, pipe- lines and service reservoirs. The process is the same in established but growing areas, with the added guidance of a record of demand growth. All of this planning is duplicated for salt water flushing supplies.
3.47 Reservoir operational planning has historically depended on frequent adjustments of the supply zones of the various reservoirs so that the rate of draw-off is changed. The object is to avoid overflow from some reservoirs whilst others are not yet full, or conversely, to avoid some reservoirs emptying before others. The 'normal' com- plications of this work are the physical limitations on rate of draw- off from any particular source, the estimation of demand in the supply zone selected, and the rapid changes which can take place in the relative storage positions of the reservoirs due to mal-distribution of rainfall.
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