they play an essential role in Hong Kong. While Government has established and developed outpatient facilities on a major scale, the provision of hospital services has been predominantly the role of the voluntary agencies largely subsidized by Government. Thanks to the practical co-operation of the voluntary agencies a co-ordinated system of hospitalization has been developed over the years.
179. During 1961 there were 1,825 beds set aside full time for the inpatient treatment of tuberculosis, 49% of which are in the two ruberculosis hospitals and the convalescent home maintained by the Hong Kong Anti-Tuberculosis Association. The other institution dealing exclusively with tuberculosis is the Haven of Hope Sanatorium at Junk Buy in the New Territories.
180. Beds for tuberculosis in Government Hospitals are in the Queen Mary, Lai Chi Kok and Cheung Chau Hospitals. At Queen Mary Hospital there were 52 beds during 1961 and there were 88 bods at Lai Chi Kok Hospital and 42 beds at Cheung Chau Hospital. The latter are used largely for young adolescents with positive sputum who have to be debarred from school until they are sputum negative.
The Tung Wah Group of Hospitals maintain tuberculosis beds mainly for patients with disease of long standing.
182. Beds were distributed as follows during 1961:
Goverment Hospitals
262
Hong Kong Anti-Tuberculosis Association:
Grantham Hospital
540
Rullonjee Sanatorium (including Freni Memorial Con-
valescent Flome)
336
Tung Wah Hospitals
392
Haven of Hope Sanatorium
310
Other public and private hospitals
146
Total
1,836
183. Early in 1962 there was a re-distribution of beds, made possible through the co-operation of the Hong Kong Anti-Tuberculosis Associa tion which is building an extension to the Grantham Hospital of 84 beds. This enabled 48 patients in the Queen Mary Hospital to be transferred to the Grantham Hospital and so make additional paediatric beds available at the Queen Mary Hospital.
184. Another pressing problem has been the admission of acute emergencies such as haemoptysis and pneumothorax which are brought to the two Casualty Departments of the Queen Mary and Kowloon
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Hospitals and which require immediate admission. Such cases have had to be accommodated in general wards until they are fit for discharge or transfer to other hospitals. To meet this situation, emergency luber- culosis beds have been provided at the Lai Chi Kok and Tung Wah Eastern Hospitals to which such cases will be admitted either direct or as soon as resuscitation has been affected and the patients fil to move. These are temporary arrangements until such time as a new wing with emergency facilities is available at the Ruttonjee Sanatorium and the present Kowloon Hospital is available for conversion. which will include a tuberculosis unit, when the Queen Elizabeth Hospital is opened during 1963.
The Work of the Voluntary Agencies
The Hong Kong Anti-Tuberculosis Association
185. This is the largest and longest established voluntary agency working exclusively in the field of tuberculosis. It maintains two hospitals and one convalescent home, containing a total of 876 beds, a B.C.G. Clinic, an outpatient clinic for the follow-up of discharged patients and a Tuberculosis Insurance Scheme. Supported by voluntary donations and some endowments, the Association receives substantial annually recurrent subventions from Government.
The Grantham Hospital
186. Opened in 1957, this hospital has 540 beds and is equipped as a modern chest hospital. An extension is now under construction which will contain 84 beds. a physiotherapy department and a school for the training of assistant nurses. Run on a fee-paying non-profit making basis. the hospital provides private. semi-private and general ward accommodation for fees of $35, $24 and $18 a day respectively. During 1961. Government maintained 444 of the beds in the general wards and early in 1962 assumed responsibility for a further 48 beds eventual- ly to be accommodated in the new extension. Government also provides the clinical staff for 204 beds and undertakes the medical social work for patients in the 444 beds it maintains. The follow-up of patients discharged from these beds is undertaken at the Government Chest Clinics.
187. For purposes of clinical supervision within the hospital, there are the Grantham Pulmonary Unit of 240 medical and surgical beds, the Government Pulmonary Unit of 92 medical and 32 surgical beds and the Government Orthopaedic Unit of 80 beds. The Medical Superin-
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