the-ordinances-of-the-legislative-counci-1890v2 — Page 414

1004 [24 OF 1887. ] PUBLIC HEALTH .

Drains under
buildings, &c.
18. No drain shall be so constructed as to pass under any building except
when any other mode of construction is impracticable. Any drain passing
under a building shall, whenever possible, be laid in one straight line for the
whole distance beneath such building, and shall be imbedded and incased
throughout its entire length in four inches of good concrete.
Whenever a drain traverses soft or yielding ground, or where water may
make its appearance in the trench , the drain shall be surrounded throughout
its entire length with four inches of good concrete.
The stones composing the matrix of the concrete in both cases shall be of
a size to pass through a half-inch ring.
Inlets.
19. No new drain shall be constructed in such manner as to allow any
inlet to such drain to be placed inside any building on such premises.
Size of openings
in gratings. 20. The aggregate area of the openings in any grating fixed on inlets to
waste- pipes from baths or sinks shall not be less than four square inches and
the waste -pipe shall not have a less internal diameter than 19 inches.
NOTE. -The object of this is to secure an efficient flush.
Traps. 21. Traps or gulleys for the removal of rain -water shall be provided with
gratings having the nett area of the openings not less than twice the area of
the trap or pipe. Such gratings shall be sunk to a depth of at least one inch
below the surrounding pavement, with a slope round them equal to half the
width of the grating.
NOTE . — It is not sufficient to provide pipes of ample diameter there must be openings
of sufficient size to admit the rain to them .

Traps. 22. Traps at the inlets to drains shall be placed so that the water-level
in them is not less than one foot below the ground, and such trap shall be
placed as low down as the level of the house-drain or branch will permit of ;
provided that the depth be not more than two feet.
Traps. 23. Traps shall have not less than two inches of water seal and shall be
securely fixed to the drain . All stoneware traps shall be surrounded with a
thickness of four inches of lime concrete .
Form of traps . 24. No person shall construct or fix in connexion with any new drain or
waste- pipe the form of trap of the kind known as the bell-trap or any trap of
the kind known as the D trap and all traps connected with any private drains
shall be properly set in cement mortar to the satisfaction of the board .
Note . — Bell -traps and D traps from their form give rise to deposit of filth difficult to
remove by flushing.
Ventilation .
25. Every main house-drain, wherever practicable, shall be ventilated at
its upper end by an opening, in free communication with the outer air. This
opening shall be placed in such a position , as to render any emanations from
it as little obnoxious as possible.
NOTE.-(This is, in most cases , to be done by carrying up a well-jointed pipe, not less
than four inches in clear internal diameter, to some point, above the eaves of the building,
which is not in close proximity to any window or chimney. In the case of rural or
suburban tenements, the ventilating opening may be provided on any eminence, or open
space at a distance from the dwelling; the ventilating pipe and opening, in this case,
being not less than four inches in internal diameter.)
Ventilation . 26. Every main house -drain shall have a ventilating opening near to its
lower end and no trap or other obstruction to the free circulation of air shall
exist between this opening and the one described in the preceding bye - law .
If there be a trap between the house-drain and the public sewer, then an
opening shall be made on the house -side of the trap, and the said opening shall
be so arranged as to give access to the trap for inspection, cleansing or
repair.
If there be no trap between the public sewer and the house -drain no special
opening need be provided at the lower end .