728933-1847-22-May-1847 — Page 2

THE FRIEND OF CHINA AND HONGKONG GAZETTE.

AND

April

$26

May

April

Lanya Shangbri

April

10

Apr 28

by Sir Cochrane

goes

houre

Victoria 1st April, 1847.

OF CHINA

NG GAZETTE DAY, MAY 2240, 1847.

Pyrist Service in the Cou

past 10 AM, and P. M.

VINCENT STANTON,

Colonial Chaplain.

NOTICE The hours of Publie Worship in the Union CHAPEL at present are 11 & M, and past & P. M.

Victona, sd May 1887

THE ENGLISH IN CHINA.

beyond

Thomas Cochrane in out

being

few loraigne

dered about with imp

ad a seaman

an American gen

dere

the well know

people against foreig previous that an English koown injured by those people

every man who lobaked Sir soldaty. Inatance therO ton who have not ware at the same time they

run a risk and are pretty sure of having a few enklets bestowed, which fortunately they do not understand. Were Bir Thomas Cochrane to re. peat his visit, possibly he might not get off scot free, though his grey hairs and gentle appearance, ought to protect him among a people who pay such respect to antiquity.

hibited.

Je learned.

that fort time ntleman was cruelly merely mention the above circumstances la connection with the follow ing to show the extent of Chinese ill feeling towards us.

TRADE WITH CHINA. GOVERNMENT OF HONGKONG.

(From the Correspondence of Glasgow Constitutional.)

parties sost competent to give it, namely, those superseded the East India Comps. in China, and who, until the war, it

may be dard, acted as diplomatists on their own LO

Count

From an extract of the instructions sent from this country some time in the years 1843-41, but published by the Hongkong Government without date on the 4th December last, it appears that the Home Government act under incompetent, because The old servants of the Eng uninformed, advisers.

most moderate remonstrances.

India Company in China, who never had any inter course with the Chinese authorities, except through the humiliating medium of the Hong merchant, have always been considered by the Cantor com- munity as peculiarly unfit; indeed, in a memorial sent home in 1834, it was urged, that having been It was said by one of the most accurate judges of to the service of the Company in China at all, should be considered as a disqualification for office under Chinese character and policy, and recorded in the Chamber of Commerce at Canton, that the Chinese the free trade system. Yet from these very parties was selected the present Governor of Hongkong would always be found willing to enter into any ar rangements that appeared to be to mutual advantage, and Superintendent of the Trade of British subjects It is stipulated that a ship of war be kept at each of the five ports, and we proceed to enquire provided they could reap their share first; but that in China;" and as it may be presumed that his how Sir John Davis and Sir Thomas Cochrane they would be always aure to deny the reciprocity former coadjutors in the "Factory" have been su

when it came to their turn to make the concession, sequently constituted the judges of his actions, it is have kept this part of the Treaty, and what pro-

The truth of this opinion has been often proved, and not wonderful that a deaf ear can be turned to the tection Her Majesty's subjects in Canton have

the following instances may be enumerated: I walked for full xx hours la every part of the town where I thought it fly to meet a crowd, finding my received during the several riots of late years from

the ships of war on the station, mandel was agreed, by treaty, that Chinese produce, in their own vessels, should not be admitted to our without intending it, close to the dreaded city gate, within

In June, 1814, Canten was the scene of serious

island of Hongkong without clearances from the even or eight doors of which I passed some time in a shop making purchases, the doors surrounded, as usual, by riots, the lives and property of all the foreign resi lockers-on froin the crowded street that leads to the gate, dents being in danger. Sir Thomas Cochrane Chinese Government. This concession has been mei by the Chinese refusing to their subjects all of whom not a single individual showed the slightest inci-

was in Hongkong harbour with five ships, but

clearances to Hongkong whatsoever. vility. Do the contrary, some in the most friendly and

not one of them was despatched for the pro- respectful manner exams the texture of my coat as well

tection of his countrymen. The American sloop Macao, and the British merchants addressed a of war St Louis was promptly ordered up from letter to her Commander thanking him for his services and zeal. Ten days afterwards H. M. S. Wolverine anchored at Whampoa, where she re- mained for a month and was then withdrawn, Front that period (20th July, 1844,) to 3d Janu ary, 1845, the river was not visited by a British man of war, and then the Vestal merely went up for a few days to receive specie, which was trans- shipped to the Agincouri, for the sake of the freight, and kept there for nearly two months.

as my gloves the latter being, as you know, a curiosity lic feeling was likely to be exhibited, and blinked none; with them. In short, I sought every position where pub and I can positively declare, that I and those with me passed through the streets with as much freedom and as little inconvenience as lo any screet in London, and wet with precisely the same reception I have done at Shang- hai or Ningpo; and, if any cirersistance had been required to confirm the opinion I have more than once expressed, namely, that the Chinese will never be the aggressors, the visit of Monday would fully do so; and if I required further proof of the bullying disposition of my own coun trymen among foreigners in the first instance, and their aurent oneble expectations as to protection afterwards, it

would be found is what bas already passed

“If the merchants would believe that their best and by far most efficient protection is to be found in their own cir- sumspect conduct, in treating the people with urbanity and good will, and to avoiding, rather than seeking, sources of conflict, I feel persuaded they will soon practically dis cover in these measures more persuasive advocates with the Chinese than in all the force that could be brought against them."

The above extract from a letter dated Canton, 22nd November, 1846, appears in the Times with out comment. The letter is believed to be the pro duction of Rear-Admiral Sir Thomas Cochrane, who made a visit to Canten in the Nemesis on the 16th of November. He landed early in the morning accompanied by three navel officers-walked through the back streets for six hours had his coat and gloves examined by the urious-titfined at the Fac tories, and embarked without having been insulted by Chinese or even English; the latter in the Kalght's estimation being the more dangerous char- apters of the two.

Eight hours experience of Canton enabled Sir Thomas Cochrane to give a decided opinion as to the feelings of the populace, and this with the air of an oracle he publishes to the world in the columns of

2. Consuls have been appointed at the Five Ports, but all the extraordinary powers granted to them are so many concessions granted to the Chinese; which, so far from obtaining any reciprocity, mi- litate against every British merchant in China, by ! enabling any other foreigner to do the business of his constituents in England, or elsewhere, on mors

favourable terms..

3. Sir John Davis gave up Chusan on the ex- press condition that we should have admittance to the city of Canton. We are still excluded, with as little apparent chance of getting in as we had twenty

years ago.

4. Sir John Davis (unjustly and illegally, as it has On the 13th March, the Admiral sailed for India,

been decided in the Supreme Court) has lately con- leaving the Canton community unprotected. Indeed, ceded to the Chinese, that an English gentleman with the exception of the Vestal in January, 1845,

was the exciter" of a riot, in which several Chi- the Castor in July, the Vizen (for Keying) in No

nese were slain; thus giving his official sanction to vember, and the Vestal and Pluto for specie in Ja-

the foul calumnies which the Chinese constantly nuary, 1846, no British ships of war had entered the river for a year and a half. These vessels mere-heap upon British subjects, and which form the great est barrier to a friendly and extended intercourse ly paid flying visits, their object being to take on

with the Chinese people. board freight and not to protect the Residents.

Serious riots within the city of Canton in Ja- nuary, 1848. The Admiral was absent, and the Senior Offeer in command ordered the Daedalus and Hazard to Whampoa, the Vestal and Pluto being then in the river receiving freight. Thomas Cochrane arrived on the 17th and recalled all the vessels, although an attack in the factories was apprehended,

Sir

On the 8th of July, 1846, there was an attack upon the factories. As usual, no British man- of war was in the neighbourhood, and the Re sidents were indebted to the Captain of a Danish frigate and the crews of Merchant vessels at Wham

poa

What may be the ultimate consequence of this concession may be ascertained when we least ex- pect it.

There is more truth in the adage, "That it re quires a Chinaman to cheat a Chinaman, than it obtains credit for. All that is wanted, however, in China, is a Superintendent who can discriminate and will maintain the just rights of his country. For this is required a person possessing judgment, firm. ness, and temper-three qualities which certainly no person will recognize as the peculiar attributes of Sir John Francis Davis.

(From the Home News, March 25.) An American Veteran.-The oldest inhabitant died at Akron, Ohio, on the 3rd ult. His name was John Shepherd, aged 118 years, 9 months, and 13 days. He fought in the battles of Brandywine and Germantown Flats, and was wounded at the former, He never received a pension! An ungrateful Con. gress denied him that boon, because he had the mis- fortune to lose his paper in a fire which consumed his dwelling. His children provided for him com fortably in his old age,

The Moniteur records the death of a member of the cabinet, M. Martio (du Nord) the Keeper of the Seals, and Minister of Justice and Public Worship, at Lormoy, near Paris, on the mor. who expired ning of the 12th. He had been for three months ill; his demise was not doubted, and the vacant sa- tion it would leave in the administration had been, as usual, most covetously watched. This successor was likely to be M. Hebert, the Procureur General of the Paris Cour Royale.

In Saturday's sittings of the Paris Tribunal de Correction, the responsible editors of the Corsaire, Salan, La France Theatrale, and Le Furet de Paris were sentenced to various penalties for a libel on M. Jules Janin, the Journal des Debuts dramate

Many who of late bave been attending to Chinese affairs, are surprised that notwithstanding the evi.. dent incompetence of the present Governor of Hong- kong, and his many recent blonders, he is still con. tinued in office, to the incalculable detriment of Bri- tish interests in China. The reason seems to be an unfounded fear of the possibility of an interruptioneritic. of the tea trade, and consequent loss of revenue at home.

But it is easy to prove that this fear entirely without foundation, for the tea trade with this coun

One of them was sentenced to an imprison ment of eight months, and a fine of 1500 francs another to six months of prison, and 1,000 franes a third to the same penalty, and a fourth three months of durance, and 500 francs. Two of them were

a third to 2,000 francs, and the fourth to 1,000 francs. The coals were further to be divided be tween them,

the Times, The editor, it is true, did not think the for their support, though the attack was repet try is as much an object to the Chinese Government also doomed to 10,000 francs damages to Ji. Joo;

as it is to our own.

if British merchants in China were treated as British

before the boats from Whampoa gould be got up. letter worthy of a remark, nor would we, were it not

It became evident that the Admit and Gover-

While China tolerates the opium trade without that Sir Thomas Cochrane pleads his own cause,

nor were determined to leave the Residents unpro. when he attempts to injore the reputation of his coun·

tected. They were therefore compiled to address remonstrance, there can be no risk to our revenue, trymen in Canton He was sensible that he had thems lves to Lord Aberdeen; the request that a neglected to afford them the protection of a national ship of war be kept near the factories being indors subjects. It is incumbent on the Chinese to vin- vessel; he also knew that a memorial had been sented by Captain Talbot, an officer who always exhi

dicate the authority of their own laws, and it should home on the subject, and that Captain Talbot (in the bited a desire to forward the views of his country-

be time enough for the interference of a Foreign Consul, when a complaint has been made and esta Admiral's absence Senior Officer in command) had

men. The effect of the remonstance is known,blished; and even then, he should act with the great given it as his opinion, that a vessel of war ought Sir John Davis was ordered at all times to have a to be kept near the factories. Sir Thomas and the ship of war near the factories. It was shortly after Governor of Hongkong were equally remies, and the despatch of the letter to the Foreign Secretary, had refused at least the latter the frequent appli that Sir John gave his counter-blast, insinuating cation for a ship of war in terms of the treaty. It

that the British Merchants were always the aggres became the policy of the confederates to throw the

Bars; Sir Thomas re-echoed the notes through the edium of the Canton tots upon the British Mer Times, but we trust that this statement will show charts, and to convey an impression that the Chinese that little faith is to be placed in official malice, were an inoffensive tace, and never the aggressors whether it shows ita face boldly in a public docu. in the numerous disturbances. la fartherance of this

ment, or sneaks forth in an anonymous letter.

aks forth in an object, Sir John Davis on the 12th November, in a Government Notification, intimates to the British merchants of Canton. that their best security, aar! their best claim to protection will consist in an abri- menos from aggressions against the people of the Country in which they reside."

When the Notification appeared, Sir Thomas Cochrane was residing with the Governor, and car rying out their joint plan of operations, the Adrairal embarked for Canton on the 15th; after a visit of eight honra he returced and wrote his letter dated Canton the 22nd, a mere echo of Sir John Davis's Notification, but to give it more weight the Notifica tion was appended, and the malignant production ep. pears in the Times under the heading of "the Eng-

lastko-

citement which, at one time, this city. spring up, the Chancellor of the Exchequer will be their own, while there existed hands unemployed

LETTER FROM DR DEYAN. (From the Baptist Missionary Magazine.)

CANTON, July 10, 1846. We have just passed through a season of ex- I faared might be a serious interroption to the But God in our helper, and we may not fear that any wrath of man is too powerful for him to over- rule to his glory, or to restrain from injury to his cause, We, as you are aware, have always re garded ourselves, as well as all foreigners, as stand- ing over a mine of gunpowder, which any spark of populer excitement

nt may explode; for there is a deep-rooted hatred against foreigners existing in the rains of this people, which is ready for, and

been grossly i

insulted and assaulted by the Chinese, The officer of government (years gone by planted and since Brich merchants are looked upon as law this spirit among the people, and the infection bas characters by the worthies who have slandered so perfectly puceeaded that even the smaller chil. them, they will be excepted from our references.

dren are taught to bestow upon ua dusive epithets, We begin with the representative of Royalty and make motions with their tiny hande indicative La the summer of 1844 Sir John

of decapciation. Francis DavIS, Bar, was knocked down by a Chinese near Macao, and out for the arrival of aid he would have been let er bare as a placked goose

Justin China

To show the litter abourdity of the assertions put forth by the Knight and Baronet, we will from me

Rome The Roman correspondent of the Doty News, who is said to be no other than Fraser

wriles 25 "Father Prout, the Rev. Dr Mahoney, follows: The organization of municipal tious, and of a magisimney selected among the eb- lightened lasty, has occupied the sovereign' alten. est caution. The policy of the Dutch at Japan tion this week. Prince Corsini. Marquis de Bu authorities in China: if they wish Canton to become should not now form a model for that of the British falo, Vincenzo Colonna, and Camilio Borghest, have been named commissioners for the furtherance

only at the expense of their countrymen. The un- another Decima, they may probably succeed, but of these desirable reforms But a far more vitel measure has been taken by His Holiness, and one fettered American citizen would again conduct our likely to be far more practically useful in its effects there should be any change of the Navigation Laws, together at the Quirical Palace a numerous as trade the revenue will still have the teas; and if on the social condition of his people. He has called

American ships would take the place of the British.sembly of the principal landowners of the Roms

But the fears of Government, if they have an territory, and in a vigorous allocution plainly told existence, are entirely without foundation. The tea them that he would no longer tolerata individual is produced annually, and must be disposed of; a neglect in allowing so many broad acres to remsic government like that of China could not venture to unproductive, and so many of his faithful peasantry throw out of employment the vast population sub to remain anemployed. He gave them notice that sisting by its preparation and transit; besides, the a vigilent eye would be kept on the management Tea Hills" could not be used in the cultivation of of the gigantic territorial districts confided to their rice; so that until another vast ten-bibbing people care; denied that they might do as they liked with always assure of his revenue as the actual existence and mouths unfed within the boundary of their es of a sufficient quantity can make it. It was orged tales; told them that if he found labourers in want by the Liverpool Association, on the authority of an of work on their properties, he would himself find obsolete work, by the late Sir George Staunton, that occupation for them at the proprietors expense; no material reduction could take place in the price and finally dismissed the atoms bed feudal lords with of tea in Chine, as, at slightly lower prices, the Chi- a new, but firm, impression that duties as well as nese would themselves consume all they now export rights formed part of their landed inheritance. What this, however, is at variance with after experience he said, he is the man to do. Every honest mind At the opening of the trade in 1894, there being few rallies for hope round Pius IX, and eschews the

false oracies of demagogueism and its delusions. taela 15, yet the same tear have annually ever since commanded tools 25 to 40

here, on Tuesday evening last, a nil handsome mad, of the Battle of Sedgemoor at the Adelphi Theatre with a military air, in the pill, was observed on the entrance of Mrs De Bourgh to look very uneasy for a few minutes, to gaze earnestly at the stage as if the lady had igaged his fixed attention, rising several times from his sent daring the time, unti bent length apparently sensed himself with his rull when to the sonichment of all around, the exclaimed, at the bch of a stere military voics,

My we

y Bilza Mr Miller the mounge, tleman mat rad CCIOG 65 ma gentleman,

At

mory quote a few instances where foreigners have delights in taby injure they can Enflet upon ns. buyers, the finest teas in the market were sold Komance in Stage Life. During the dratos

rog of 1946, Mr Robert Montgomery ent Stanton, and Mr Vico Consel ed by a sava: mob hear the

iped to flee for their lives.

On Hurday Jast, (4th of July) Mrs Depan and mYES went out in a boat, and landed on the shore about

five minuice rowing distance from my house. We walked to an eminence about ons erath of a le prind, and Mea 11, and myself th of fresh air, age crowds owards me and had

were end

nan an American Mis- gile passing under a bridge ex

And, and a DATTOW ES distributed brown to the boat, in i crai

American Mist to app

But even, previous to the commencement of the war, in 1989, while the English commeatty, expel led from Macao, were living afloat, while the whole English trade was one of Iamkipment, by nestral vessels, while a price was put upon each of our heade from 50,000 dots, for Captain Elliot's down wards, he reckless Imperial Commissioner Lau (although he frady believed tea and thumb en sential to quit existence,) never ventured almost to check our trade, and by his public ediets he thown himself fully advised as to the mode af which it was Carried on. It therefore, a roistake to sneak of

DER

the oppage of trade was appraised

ring the way • Auch nahing

ceeded to

to where the gett Led his meaning for the ex se af tell you,sid the by at my wife whom I here of has been abrom have out feard from her;

who st

er te bed that he mus sed a respect fr