panish English substance
reported respecting this. ustaking inquiry, appre
ind I ordered him to obtain ascertain who were his that they might be seized with all The said alagistrate stated interrogated him by torture for se
and Cow-aching then confor that he was twenty-four years of age, living in ambue district, Yow-lan street and a pedlar by. profession. He was on the 28th day of the eigh h month (October 1816) Fist year in Kanute alley, whon he saw two foreigners followed by an im mense crown. Whilst he was looking on, he availed
THE FRIEND OF CHINA AND HONGKONG GAZETTE
Mindras
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Shanghai
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THE FRIEND OF CHINA
AND HONGKONG GAZETTE.
VIZURI SATURDAY, MAY 15ml, 1817
AL CHAPEL are, on Samimuat past 10 AM and 5 P, M. and on Thursdays at 1, past 6 PM,
VINCENT STANTON, Victoria 81st April 1817 Colonial Chupiau.
ster publishes the Minute of the Cham thout comment, but the
of the Chamber
bor veri
pare die sappeated 1
pige 48) We may trast se passa ges
rks, which
ords by a false colouring, who will take the trouble version with what his ac. columns (See Curva MAIL page 38, and No. 116, for have occasion to can
the assertions and adinis
sions made by nud on the part of the Chamber of Commerce, by its known members, or by those who though publishing their statements undor assumed names, profess to be meinbers, and have not been repudiated by the Chamber
The following sentence taken from the article in the Friend is worth treasuring up, since it may of all Berve as a test for his own Overland reprints
the inacuracies, that creep" and all the erroneous statements" that strut in the columns of his weekly The concluding sentiment is ont have
sheet,
the Friend: -
NOTICE: The boars of Divine Serplod in the UoLo-long endeavoured to impress upon the admirer of "That ineccurancies occasionally will creep into a paper, however cautiously it is conducted, and howover anxious its manager may be to avoid them, is freely admitted, but if imbued with a spirit of trath, the Editor will correct such erroneous state- ments; for even if inflacaced by no better feeling, it is certain that a repetition of them most prove inju rious to the journal itself, and cannot materially benefit the cause it advocates,""
NOTICE The hours of Public Worship in the Untos Chapet el present are 11 A M., and past 8 P. M.
Victons, 3d lay, 1617.
KEVING's reply to a communication from Sir John Davis, demanding redress for the assault upon two seamen last October, is dated the 2d of May.
Of Mr Johnston's letter it is only necessary
himsalf of this opportunity to beat these foreigners that the 417, this confirms the report to observe that, the deputations referred to
with his fists. At that inoment, a min whose name
ran then away
and surname he does not know, touk a club, and knocked a foreigner down, but the soldiers and police came to the rescue, and they ran and dispersed, and words to that effect.
"(The Magistrate) then sent is police runners to seize others, and they apprehended one Leang. a.kew, who stated, that he was twenty two years of age, and belonging to Haou-pwan street, and sel; ling park in Kaoute street. On the 28th day of the eighth tacath (October 1847) last year, two foreign. ers came there followed by a crowd, and he being apprehensive that his stall might be thrown down by the throng, struck those foreigners with a club
Tais evidence being true and agreeing with the confession of Chowa-ching, this man as well as Leang-a-kew received each forty blows, for thon the law is not severe in such cases, their pit ment ought to be more comprehensive. As, how. ever, Leang akow had shewo greater ferocity on this occasion, it was not expedient to be lenient towards him, and he was therefore imprisoned with fetters for five months, in order to deter others. The
above details are forwarded for examination.
"As it is apparent that Chowching and Leang a-kew without any cause beat those bailors, an ant very detestable, the said Magistrate seized and examined them, and having ascertained the abure. punished them severally with the bastinado and imprisonment, in order to strike terror.
:
were
AFTER the negotiations with Keying were concluded, and the iniserable results made known to the residents. Two points have been settled so far as the merchants of Canton are concerned,
Secretary had censured the Superintendent of Trade for permitting the aggression to pass without demanding immedi- ate satisfaction. It cannot be supposed that, n made at the time the affair had the demand been took place, it would only be complied with now. Finer. The list of wishes and views," We have often pointed out the ungenerous way impudently put forth as eina ating from them, in which S.r John Davis culls paragraphs from was drawn up by the Consul, or possibly by his official despatches, when he thinks they will "Sir John Davis himself, with out the concur hurt the feelings of his countrymen in China. rence of the Chamber of Commerce as a body, If His Excellency abandons the customary or any member of it in his individual capacity, method
hod of publishing all despatches and re- Sec-Sir John Davis did not express a plies, he ought to have some regard to decency, willingness to receive a deputation before he and refrain from giving brief extracts, the pur-entored into, or concluded his negotiations, port of which, without the context, cannot be bat on the contrary, on the morning of the under great disa ivantages. They are ignorantation which by desire of the
The community labour 4th April Mr Macgregor, in reply to a commu of charges that are brought forward, and chairman made to him on
he committes the previous day, have no opportunity of refuting them. Lord requesting he would inform His Excellency John Russell and Lord Stanley, repeatedly that, if he wished it, a deputation of merchants impressed apps elonial Governors the pro-would be happy to wait upon him on his arri- priety of publishing official correspondence, val, to express their sentiments, and suggest but in this quarter that duty has been neglected, such measures as they considered necessary or only attended to when it gratified feelings for their safety and convenience-informed of maliguity.
him that His Excellency had expressed no wish to receive the deputation."
fully understood.
It seenis certain that Sir John Davis quns Hongkong, und it is reported that Mr Crawfurd,
The merchants of Canton would pluck can't say
one leaf from the wreath of Woo
"I therefore send this reply to you the Gonourable formerly Resident of Singapore, is likely to succeed laurel-with which Sir John Davis has encircled
Envoy, and would trouble you to examine into this matter, whilst I wish you every happiness, and address the above to:
His Excellency H.B. M. Pienipotentiary,
#Six JonN FRANCIS DAVIS, Barone, &c. &c., &c. "Taoukwang, 27th Year, 34 month, 18th day, "(2d May, 1817.) Received 5th instant.
True Translation,
CHARLES GUTZLAFF,
- Chinese Secretary" By Order,
AR. JOHNSTON. Victoria, Hongkong, 8th May, 1847.
To THE EDITOR OF THE FRIEND OF CHINA.
CANTON, 10th May, 1847. -- DEAR SIR-Permit me, through the medium of your columns to correct an erroneous opinion that prevails in Hongkong regarding the statement puh lished by the China Mail as the Views and Wishes of the British Community in Canton." It is ne scessary to have this que tion placed on its proper fonting, inasmuch as
as by fitting this dacement upon the public at home, it might lead a suncion to this infatuated expedition of the Governor's making the British community appear a dissatisfied, un- grateful body of men, and ir Davis a calumni. aied and ranch njured individual.
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Now, I most distinctly deny that this statement of "views and wishes was aver pagved at the ting held to consider what toere the views and nesting wishes of the community.
While Sir J. Davis and Keying were holding their conference, a meeting of British enbjects was called to consider what would be a
advisable to up eug gest to H. E but it was the general opinion
that we were too late to offer any suggestion, and before anything was deculel upon, a repod was brought that the troops were called out to quell a disturb ance, and the necũng dissolved without coming to any decision on the malter! flow, then, can Sir John Davis or his organ, publish this document as a "Statement of the Views and Wishes of the Bri. lion Cominunny? That the Congal may in the rsation with tndimduals, have 018. published as the views and and to whico
of the Fact
!
to the office of Governor of that colony, If this is his brow during the expedition. He lately claim- the fact, we may congratulate the people of Hooged a corunet, he now wears a covering more kong on having secured, in the person of Mr Craw congenial to the head it rests upon, though it is fund, a Governor of most liberal and enlarged no tions on the subject of government and trade, and
not a cap of knowledge. one whose representations are certain of comand ing every attention at head quarters, since well known that for many years past Governmers of all parties have been in the habit of resorting to Mr Crawfurd for information and advice on Subjects connected with the Ear East"!
WHY DOES NOT INDIA SUPPLY US WITH COTTON? No. II.
the very ropes fut fixing them, as well as baiters, both for leading and picketting horses and other cattle, are all wrought of the same material; making a total demand for domestic uses alone annually of 700,000,000 lbs. To transport which would require 300,000 tons of shipping. "
India has for the last forty years carried on a c derable export cotton trade with China and Buz. land; and, owing to high prices here, in 1817-18, she exported as much as 130,219,986 hs; and pr vided she can abiain-a price, India is capable of sup plying any quantity of cotton that could be required, not only in England, but in all Europe. It has been shown in our last number, that the cottons at the all a new world profer different soils, and it is fit timate for the cotton question it is so. The rich black soil the debris of the great trap forming covers an area, roughly estimated at 200,000 square miles. Now, if only two-thirds of this area were cultivated with cotton, yielding, as it certainly would, with proper cultivation, a bale of 300 lbs of cha cotton per acre, it would produce 250,000,000 bales. whereas, all the cotton imported into England not exceed 1,700,000 biries. There are, besides this area, available for the judigenous cotton, 413,173 square miles being more than double the same ca tent also available for the collons of the western world. In a words there is in India land capalic of growing five hundred times as much Cotton as is now annually brought to England; and it may truly he said to be the natural region for supplying con to the universe. Having shown, incontestroly, firs that as good cotton can be grown in India as to any other part of the world; and, secondly, that it may be grown in any quantity; we arrive at the last of our three propositions, namely, can it be supplied at a remunerative price?
this proposition wo answer, "in limine," from all we have learned on the subject, that it cannot; and we proceed to show the reasons
WHY INDIA DOES NOT SUPPLY CS WITH COTTON.
There are three principal obstacles. First-is that of obtaining it sufficiently clean?
Second a heavy land tax.
Third-the absence of toads.
With respect to the first of these reasons, we find, in General Briggs's pamphlet, that Dr Lush, who hd charge of the Government cotton farms in the west of India in 1884, gives his opinion that the indigenous cotton in the southern portion of the Bombay presidency, situated at a distance from the coast, varying from one handred to one hundred and fifty miles, bears a fair comparison with the up- and Georgin. That, in the year 1534, he procur ed 129,160 lbs of indigenous cation, grown at Now? goond, in the district of Dharwar, to be picked and cleaned under his inspection (by the commen tive roller,) at a cust of 24d per 16. (the comin dirty cotton of the bazaar then selling at 11d per ). He states, it could be careyed to Bombay at 1 more, making the cost in India 313 per lb. There 1 has to be packed in suitable bales, to be screwed down into the smallest possible compass, and shipped. for England HOTE with all the additional expenses of freight and profit, is this article to compete with American cotton? In this estimate, nothing is allow ed for the salary of Dr Lush and his establishment of superintendence. It may naturally be asked, ir this superintendence at all? To this we answer, there be an open market, what is the neccesity of
there is a ready market at 1d for the dirty colun of the bazaar. It is, as has been shown, required in vast quantities for all the purposes to which hair, wool, hemp, and flax, are applied in Europe; and there are few Dr Lushes to purchase, because the article, when prepared for the purpose he required, cannot be sold to an advantage. This expensive mode of cleaning the cotton, however, is by no means an insuperable obstacle to the reduction of price: for we are awarethat the Indian Government has, within the last four or five years, paid great allenton to this part of the subject, and has not only seat out makers have accompanied them; and Dr Royle, who leaning machines froin this country, but machine.
has had the supervision of the colton growing de *The above document, which was received by
pariment at the East India House since 1840, is The p
part belonging to England of this extensive confident that they have at last obtained cleaning us on the evening of Monday the 100, hue since appeared in the columns of our two contemporaries; ton of 91.298,000 inhabitants, the immediate subvery considerably. The cleaning machine, how. region occupies 613,873 square miles, with a popu- machines which will reduce this part of the expense for the Canton British Chamber of Commerce has jects of Great Britain. What a gigantic empire to ever, is merely to separate the seed from the fibre shewn much less haste in coming to a decision than
be neglected as it has been, and still continues to be, in publishing it to the world. Time has not been in everything which relates to freedom of trade, se improper time of the day. It should be gathered, it has no effect on cotton carelessly picked at an allowed us to communicate with H. B. M.'s Consulcurity of land, and a fit system of financial economy, says General Briggs, early in the mornings of the and the Chamber of Commerce at Canton, but in
spring, when there usually sufficient moisture on the meantime the subjoined correspondence is sub- mitted to our readers, many of whom will probably
it is not so easily broken as at noon or later, when the capsule to render al dexible and tough-whea consider any farther discussion on the subject su perfluous:--
it becomes bride and maves quan
with the cotton. We are aware that th
with careful supervision, cotton may be picked as cleanly in India as in America; but obtained and paid for with all other incidental ex- the question is, can this careful supervision bea punses? The two main
Taz above appears in the Singapore Free Press of the 15th April There is nothing im probable in the rumour, and it is to be hoped that the arrival of the Braganza will confirm it.
The following correspondence and editorial remarks appear in the China Mail of the
13th --
MAIL OFFICE, May 10, 1847. "SIR,I have the honour to enclose a copy of a communication just received from the Canton Chum ber of Commerce, respecting the nature of the com munications that passed between H. B. M.'s Con- sul and the Chairman of that body on the 3d and 4th of April.
My information on the subject was obtained from Mr. Macgregor himself, and I am not conscious of having mit stated it. It is of importance, however, and I trouble you on the subject, in order that Ble that I should have the facts under his own hand, Excellency may determine whether he will autho Tize its being obtained through an official chanel
have the honour to be c
ANDREW SHORTREDE. To Hon, AR. Johnston, EH
Pictona Hongkong, May 1U Cam directed by BE Hency, in reply
в беря
(From the Economist, February 13.) According to an official statement laid before a Committee of the House of Commons in 1831, the area of India, including the territory of both the English and its ailies, extends over a surface of 1,237,000 square miles, being nearly one-third larger than Europe, if we exclude Russia, Norway, and Elphinstone al 140 000,000, which is about 20 per Sweden. Its population has been lately estimated by
cent less than that of the same portion of Europe, with which it has been compared.
The whole of the vast population residing within very little woollen cloth at any season of the year, and in the vicinity of the northern tropic, demands
but is almost entirely habited in cotton. The tity of that article required for home consumption has been well put in General Briggs's pamphlet.
The ordinary dress of a male Hindoo, which is here exhibited meeting of the Royal Asiatic Socie tyl,
cousisting of a dhoty, containing 4 square yards,
of a dopuuta, containing 8 and of a turban,containing 19
If
Is not less than.... 24 yds, weighing above 31 lbs to this be added the pary, or simple female dress, con. taining.
We have
8 yds, weighing
32 yds, weighing ba
in the mode in which yes, however, consist
land tax is raised in India, and in the absence of roads, We are 10 expect, it keeras, from the the government farms, 5,000 bales of cotton from each of the three Presi dencies, which, we have no doubt, will exhibit very god specimens. Of the capability of producing the cotton we ask for, there is no longer a douls, and we have thewn that as far as extent of surface, and It is true that the Mehmedan male and female An uniformly favourable climate, nothing is want population, as well as other races, dress in diferent; but we cannot expect the goscrument to supply fashions, but as those who do not wear the duty round the lower part of the body, invariably wear acosten waistband, or addition to a loose gown and Housers, we shall not be for out if we assis 2Jiba ofretion to be worn by each well clad labitant:
garmente, which are ofthin flimsy materials frequent washing, require to be renew. e a ver, but as about one tenth of the
those under eight years of age), Ule or no clothing, and as to the
you hated is
eldom wear much not parhans ve
with that most essential of all information, namely, what it will cost.
We have already stated that Dr Lush found the dirty Bazaar Colton, such as is frequently imported here from Surat, selling at 10. per lb., we brieve this, however, to be below the mark. It is in this Vicially that Air Mercen, the American planter, is carrying on his experimental inzu, but we despair of its answering as mercanti Chaculation ulla need good run ford be made thence to the coast. The at present is form 70 to 84 per cattle, the only mode of
ver our observations on and tax for a fotore
clude this article hetter Industriona the Indien 30tact from General
are an ignorant મને કાકડા સમાક arer but in this Here in reality,
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