extent to which the practice of adulteration at pre- pont carried on, owing to the high duty. Wa will venture to assert however, that while they were holding forth in this strain, i nover occurred to them that they were themselves the representa tives of the very men who forced on the Govern- ment the measure which has given rise to the adul. toration.
1
Thecommodity which bears the highest duty, and is most easily imitated, is of course the one most liable to adulteration. The temptation to adulteration necessarily increases with the coarse. ness of the commodity and the weight of the duty, and decreases as it becomes tine, are the duty diminishes. Coarse bolien, paying a duly on the value of some 1,200 or 1,300 per cent, becomes to a certainty the staple article of adulteration, and can be tolerably inflated by sloe and brinr leaves, To imitate congou is more difficult, and the bonus not ons sixth part. To imitate byson, or pekoë, or gunpowder, defies all the powers of aloe leaves and fraud; and if the imitation were ever so easy, a duty of fifty per cent compared to one of 1,200 or 1,300 kalds out no temptation.
Now what the existing duty has done, and the London Ten brokers are the authors of it, is the banishment of hohes from the English market. The Buty has left the market open to the fraudulent dealer-given him a clear field, and held out every encouragement to him, no competition from the fair trader the greatest practicable facility to frand, and a magnificent premium on fruud). It bas at the same time left the market of China for bohca, without British competition, open field for the Americans, the French, the Dutch, the Denes, and the Hanso. Towns. We have seen the return of the exports of l'ea last year from Canton, and of 10,000,000 of pounds which were exported to Britain ten years ago, not a pound was exported in 1845. But other nations exported it largely ; and in America, where there is no duty at all, and at all the Continental poris, where it is but a very small one, we see holen just as regularly quoted in the price currents as any other description of Ten. Now the one-shilling duty is of the very same na ture as the existing one, and, although not so hand some a premium on fraud, all 600 per cent, will not be dis lained by those who have been bred in habits of adulteration.
|
Surely no Prime Minister was ever attempted to bo prime, with such strange materials for fiscal legislation as Boril John on the Tea Duties. The Funly mert we can discover in the Tea associations- is pertinacity Whet Liverpool said a month ago, and what was refited na suon ae said, is now re- -iterated, word for word, by London. The truth is, That the Tetrade made a false start went off at score in the wrong direction, and their wisest course. now will be discreetly to return to the post and set off quietly in the right ons Examiner, Jany, 10,
APRIL
SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.
ARRIVALS.
7 Sir C. Forbes (Str Litchfield Canton.
7. Inglewood, Smith, Whampoa.
7 Victor Kirkus, Whampoa.
7 Island Queen, Pruen, Coast.
THE FRIEND OF CHINA AND HONGKONG GAZETTE.
VESARIS AT WHAMPOA
H. C. Str. Pinto, Lieut. Airey,
PIANUS
JUST RECEIVED ex Candace, 4 Gri
tion Square Pinno Portes, with latest imp
. M. D. Espiegle, Commander Thompson. Cowasjee Family, Durham, D. & M. R. and Comenie These Pianos are warranted to retain their
Holliday Wise and Co Tone, equal if not better than any otliet present pack
Muovicar o and Co i usa in China. On view at
Agabeg Macvicar and Co J. Matheson and Co Murrow and Co Russell and Co Maclean Dearie and Co
Amie,, Potter, Chosely, Wolghhill, John Brightman, Scott, Lady Margaret, Mills, Lascar, Thompson, Lapwing. Lees, Lambarque. (Pan.) Robinet, Larly Amb ret, Ablett, Maia, Sproule, Marmion, Fletcher, Patriot King Ponsonby, Petrel, Tadley, Torrington, Arcey, Sir Edward Ryan, Neal, Tamar, Hall,
Wild Lish Girl, Buckton,
H. Wise and Co and Go C. 8 Compton and
Crooke and Massey Gilman and Co Rawle, Duus and Co Murrow and Co
J. Matheson and Co Captain
VESSELS AT Macao.
L'Orient, (Fr.) Cazalie,
R. Daus and Co AMERMAN AT WHAMPOA AND MACAO Cincinati. [Am.] Codman, Canduce, (Am) Gardner, Cygnet, (Am.) Snow, Carolina Augusta, (Am.) Gram, Paul Jones, (Am) Watkins, Thomas Perkins, Graves,
MARRIED.
J. M. Bull W. Buckler Russell and Co Russell and Co Russell and Co A. Heard and Co
On the Sib, at the Colonial Church, Victoria, by the Rev. V. tanto, T. 9, H. Nye, Esq, of Canton, to Annie Eliza, youngest Daughter of the late George L. Denlois, Esq., U.S. A.
SHERIFF'S OFFICE, Victoria, Elongkang, 9th April 1847. SHERIFF'S SALE
IN THE SUPREME COURT OF HONGKONG. HAWLE & ANE D. FUNCE.
R. C. MARK has received instructions from the Sheriff of Hongkong, to Sell by PostaC AUCTION, on Wednesday next the 14th Instant, at 11 o'clock a. 5, and succeeding days funtil the amount of the above execution is satis- fed;) on the premises of Defendant his Stock in trade, consisting of a great variety of useful and or. namental articles, of which further particulars may be gleaned from the Auctioneer's hand Bills.
C. G. HOLDFORTH,
Sheriff
JUST JUST RECEIVED by a recent arrival on In-
voice of Fashionable Drapery and Haberda- shery, from a well known firm in London, the whole of the Drapery, will be fur inspection in a few days at the show Rooms of
Hongkong, 8th April 1947.
EDW. HALL, Queen's Road.
PUBLIC AUCTION. TESSRS HITH & DRIMELOW will sell
Mby Public Auction, at their Auction Rooms,
Keying House, on Monday the 12th Instant, at 10 o'clock 4. M. precisely.
A few Bales of damaged White Shirtings, with a variety of other Merchandise, consisting of
Gauze Veils, Scarfs, &c. &c.
*
A quantity of Pine Apple and Round Cheese,
wase, Cheltenuiam Salts."
8. Corsair, (Str.) Soames, Canton, with a few Signal Lanterns, Looking Classes, Decanters, Glass
Troops,
B, Adelaide, Comyn, Hobart Town.
B, HMB Scout Commander Loring, Amoy,
6th March
9, Nimrod, Seagrove, Sydney, Oct. 7th, 1846, and
New Caledonia, Feb 27th, 1847.
9, Little Catharine Horsburgh, Whampoa.
9, Sea Whol, (Am) Waterman, New York,
9, Gazelle, Anderson, A. Cruiza.
9 H M S Vulture, Cap. Macdougal, Canion.
9, Denia, King, Const.
APRIL
SAILED.
8, M of Douro, Woodnorth, Manila
8. Lightning, Mellish, Manila.
8. Antelope (Am), Hardinge, Woosung.
9, Sir Chrbes, (Str) Litchfield, Beinbay.
9, Victor Kirkus, London.
REPORTS.
ALSO A LOT OF
Earthenware and Hardware, &c.
Terms of Sale.
Cash, before delivery in Dollars or Rupees, Victoria, 4th April 1847.
AUCTION MART, QUEEN'S ROAD.
YEO. DUDDELL will sell by PUBLIC AUCTION, on Tuesday the 18th Instant, qu il 4, M., on the above Premises,--A few Casks of Allsopp's Bottled Beer, an assortment of Wines and Spirits, Ale ju Elhds.. Paints and Paint Oil, Bath Bricks, Furniture, Fire-arms, superior Foolscap Paper, Sealing-wax and other Commodities,
ALSO
On Account of the Concerned, just landed ex Marmion and Sir Edward Ryan, a few Cases of Jams and Jellies, York and Westphalia Hams, Boxes of Valencia Raisins, Barcelona Nuts, Split Pens in Casks, a quantity of Brass Hat and Coat Pins, Brass Hooke, &c, &c.
Catharine (Am), Prat. Fesjes Islands, Inglewood, Smith, Liverpool, lo-day. Benjamin Heupe, Butler, Shanghai, Monday: The American ship Sea Witch spoke, 14th Fe
On the same Day will be sold off, Mr Lesern's bruary, Lad 36.16, 3, and Lang. 69 22 E. barque leman being about to leave the Colony. A are collection of Jewellery, in consequence of that Gen. Grindley 100 days from Liverpool, bound to long- kong 14th March, in Straita Gasper signalized Opportunity-Some of the most elegant Jewellery
11. M. S. Vestal, bound out.
VESSELS IN VICTORIA HARBOUR.
H. M. S Vulture, Captain Macdougal. H. M. B. Scout Commander Loring H. M. Tr. S. Alligator Master Commanding King. H. M. 8. Minden, 2nd Master in charge Osmer,
Hospital and Store Ship.
Adelaide, Comyn,
Anglona, Marvin,
Ann, Valentine,
Anonyma, Thomas, Audaz, Sullivan. Benjamin Heape, Butler. Bomanite Hormusice, Costes, Corsa Sir Soames, Catharine Prait, Denia, King
Dart (Am Porter,
Eleanor, Woollen.
Fair Barbadian, Grifin
Fort William,
(Hall
Gazelle Anderson Humayo. Cameron,
Island Queen Pruen Inglewo
John Bi Blow
John
J. Matheson and Co Bush and Co
Rawle Duus and Co J. Matheson and Co
without reserve, ty
Terms and further particulars at the time of Sale. Victoria, 8th April 1847.
NOTICE,
TE engagement of Mr LDWARDS in this Office
DRINKER HEYL & Coa 26th March 18475
FOR SALE:
the ki have a lit GELDONT
few Platform Scales with English and Spanish crash of the most des
Weights
AIND A SMALL INVOICE OF
Perfumery, and Fancy Soaps, Caffe Tibres, Gold Pens, & dec. Apply to
DRINKER, HEYL & Co.
26th Mareli 1847
RIELES, PISTOLS, &c
dom dashes COMH great robust franey remains unstrikes Sternness, sit dations.
We cann Euclion people in and an essaying, to gra
human things will not exper arrangement a portion of th
JUST RECEIVED ex Candace, a fow superior problems when transpor
Riflen, various sized Boros, Pistols in cases, 6 Barrelled Revolving Pistols, different sizna.
Also, a few Cases of new well finishod Muskets and Cutlasses. Apply to
DRINKER, HEYL & Co.
26th March 1947, SOLAR LAMPS, OHANDELIERS, & UST RECEIVED ex Pout Jones, a large os- surtmein of Patent Bolar Air Lamps, for burn ing Lard, Sperm Coconut Oil nimble for drawing Rooms, Halla, Verandaba or Offices, with n variety of Plain, Ground, and Cut Ginas Shades French Coloured and embossed Paper Shades of dif- forent patterns.
AL90
A large variety of Ginse ware, consisting of Cut Class Decanters, Tumblers, Wines, Fruit Dishes, &c., &c. The whole on view at
DRINKER, HEYL & Co's.
28th March 1847.
NWO LADINNG Ex " MARMIONE quantity of Allsops' Pale Ale Bouled by Barc
lay & Friend, London.
HOLMES & BIGHAM,
23rd March 1847.
MR.
MR. DELMAR has received from France and
offers for sale.
Preserved Beef, Eels, Sardines, Green Beans, Peas, Roast Beef, Cabbages, Fish in Oil, Ducks with Peas, Veal, Soups of different kinds, Stew of Rabbits, Do. of Eels; and Preserved Pruit, all in
in Cases, at the most moderato prices.
No. 2, Graham Street, Victoriu, 30da March 1847.
NOTICE.
THE subscribers beg leave to give notice to the citizens of Hongkong and Canton, that in ad dition to SHIPSMITHING in all its branches, they have an Armourer, & Bell-hanger, &c., &c., all or ders shall be punctually attended to.
EMERY & FRAZAR. Hongkong, 1st February 1847. BILLS OF LADING FOR THE OVERLAND ROUTE
FOR
sale at this office, four forms of bills of lad. ing for goods or spec shipped by the P. & (). Company's Steam packets 1st for goods deliver able at London; 2nd for goods deliverable at Southampton: 3rd for goods deliverable at Suez; 4th for goods deliverable at intermediate ports. They are printed after the Company's forms on Bank post.
Office "Friend of China" 25th October, 1845,
COTA
and more speculative thought, which to social questions. It is inoueblo for pierce or endeavour to pierce, lolo die mys vocial institutions with a certain degree of philoso phical appreciation, and yet rovert to indica la merel practical labile in political mailere, und, and ving elaborate analysis which they bestow the political the same kind of enlarged thinking
sider will be the relations between the two, the wil one of the first things which they will lead to an accurate knowledge and a wise recogni tion of the purpose, the province, and the preroga tive of government which will thus be rendered sponsible, and Bolder on great oections; and People bolder and moro responsible--more habitually ro and Government instead of standing apart ready of every moment to rush into a furious antagoniara, will feel their objects, their very existence, to be ono,
In no case should a government directly interfere with a social question. But there are few questions purely sucial or purely golitical. A social question. may have political aspects; and with these the go- vernment must deal. A political question may have social bearings, but the government must settle the question on its political merita The action of a government may be more social than political no vertheless; for the majority of questions in which a government intervenes may have more of soutal than political elements. If it he asked, how we are to there is more of apparent than real difficulty in far- determine what is strictly social or strictly political, nishing an answer. Communities oxisted befora, governments: to deny this, would be equivalent to stating that it is only governments that hold com munities together. Men yielded to the social ins tinct, and bowed to the gentlo control of a social bond which needed nothing but sympathy to give it tenacity, before law or invgivers were thought of Now all the questions the germ of which existed in This first and staple state of man are social questions everything beyond, when the complication of inte rests or the ambition of individuals created a force to conserve, to direct, and to punish, is political. Go- verament, therefore, is nothing but a substitute for social arrangements tend to become, of the less im imperfect social institutions; and the more perfect
minishes the affraction of the discussion as to the portance will a government be This greatly di best form of
that it is not so
much forms of government, excellent or the contra
government; seeing that
rg, which aid or retard social progress, as scol progress that fixes the value of forms of government. There is one thing hopeful for him who is looking anxiously and dubiously on the affairs of Europe that formidable as despotism may look in many countries, yet a new and potent social life is stirring in them all; and that those things by which nations The excitement about social questions at presentare to be their own redeemers cannot be mutilated will have one important and salutary effectto mark by cavalry hoofs or thrust back by bayonets out more clearly than hitherto the attributes of go- Spectator. vernnient, so as to extend its legitimate action where it has been limited by popular bigotry, and to pre- vent the caprices that it has been tempted from time to time to indulge through popular indifference.
THE SOCIAL AND THE POLITICAL.
THE SUFFERINGS OF THE SOLDIER AND THEIR ALLEVIATIONS.
That the mortality among European troope in India is now fearfully great, 18 one of those rond
things as they are Dever for a moment thinks of very deplorable - but it is very
and
in cantonmonis ; on land and
What right has the Government to interfere ?11 *Why does not the Goverment interfere 7 These two questions are equally common in England, and de table facts which the staunchest supporter of in most cases equally absurd. In a fit of good bu mour, there is no amount of power which the Eng. lish are not willing to bestow on the Legislature true. In war and in pence on the lime In an opposite mood, they trammel and torment it by silly carping and childish suspicions. The atmong the marshes of Chuan, the sno tude of the English people in reference to their bul, or the mud banks of Scinde, "death lousy and excessive indulgence; and 2 generally Government is an alternation between excessive jea- happens that the indulgence and the jealousy are alike misplaced
tal education of any people in Europe. But they The English have had the longest practical poli-
have had less of an education in political principles than any of the great European nations that have victoriously
ly struggled for freedom. In England the achievement of a reform has often been the establish
having expired, it is requested that parties will have the goodness to
to address their communicationsent to the Editor, to the Publisher, or simply to the
Ofice,
J. Matheson and CoA
Mauwibar and Co Matheson and Co
R Buts and Co
Bush and Ca Rob Strachan
Mac
Jamieson,
JA Olding
Office Friend of China?
1st April 1847
WANTED
EUROPEAN COMPOSED He will required to be thoroughly acquainted with his Business and at Sober Hubits.
- Apply by letter nudresse: A. B., Friend of China Office
Victoria, 22nd March 18479
0°
NOTICE
ABR BULOH will from this date be conducted
under he rampolloBUR, HEYL General Agent, and Communshot Mer
DRINKER & HEYE
Victoriast April 1847.
RECEI Toner
IONERY
of a principle, but rarely, if ever, the realita of a principle. When any notable politica
crisis arises, the common sense, the earnestness, the pertmacity of the English, always tell theme what is neou o be done In such circumstances ther comu
is mer display drompter
moro brilliant, bezpiem, bit none tach and persevering courage, Bun
on the mode happiness
kon towards that
huntsman tracks the path of the E dier little matters what, to outward seeing inay be the nature of lüs career.
buckle on his knagsnek, and shod on his Touto to the frontier self down quietly to a lie.
a dull castonment.
re is one jar
sure to make
and the batteries:
DRINKER
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