728912-1847-10-Mar-1847 — Page 3

the Keiskamma to the Kej. By menus of steamers, troops and supplies of every dosesiption can be thrown at any moueat into the very centre of the enemy's country, through this opening In short,

the great difficulty of Caffer warfare is removed, which, undoubtedly, was its distance from porta.. and barbours, aggravated by the horrible nature of the roads and ravines, between the army and its resources.

P

When the Thunderbolt was in this bay, the Caf- fers showed themselves in considerable numbers on the rising grounds in the neighbourhood, mount- ed and armed with guns. They are intelligent ! enough to know the importance of keeping this gate into their country shut, and the Governor, When be advances to take possession of it, may probably have an opportunity of striking a blown Pato wad his associndes in that vicinity. At all events they will be made to leave that part of the country —South African Commercial Advertiser, November 14.

MACRE

SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.

ARRIVALS,

6, Mazeppa, Jauncey, Ease Const,

6, H O. Str Pluta, Lieut. Airey, Canton.

7. Sir Edward Ryan, Neal, Singapore, Jan. 29th

7. Kelpie, Simo, Cumbingmoon,

8. Velez, (Sp.) Salado, Macao,

8. Angioma, (Am.) Marvin, Causingmoon.

MARCH,

a

BAILED.

5. Catharine, (Am.) Pratt, Whampoa.

v, Kelpie, Sime, Whampoa.

hai Sullivan, Woosung.

9. Denia, King, Camsingmoon.

•

REPORTS.

Ariel, Burt, Whampoa. Gazelle, Anderson, Enst Coast. H. C. Str. Pluto, Lieut. Airey, Canton,

VESSELS IN Victonia HarBOUR. H. M. St. Vulture, Captain Macdougal. 11. M. S. Espiegle, Commander Thompson. H. M. B Childers, Commander Pitman. 11. C. Str. Pluto, Liem. Airey,

11. M. Pr. 8 Alligator, Master Commanding King. 11. M 2. Minden, 2nd Master in charge Osnier,

Hospital and Store Ship. Ariel, Bur

Dent and Co Anglona, Marvin (Am.) Drinker & Hey! J. Matheson and Co Anony Thomas,

J. Matheson and Co Dent and Co

Bomangee Hormusice, Coates,

Caroline Burton,

Corsi, Soames,

Eleanor. Woollen,

Fort Willam

frazelle Anderson, John Bræery Stewart,

Kelpie, Bellamy,

Lathe Catherine,

Aluzeppa. Jauncey,

(a)

G. F Stubbs Robt: Strachan J. A. Olding J. Matheson and Co Dent and Co Bellamy

J. Matheson and (o

Nawleem (Dan) Bendixen, Burd Lange and Co

Nymph Woodrow, Omega, Drewitt, Oratara, Nail.

Papa Sir Edward Ryan, Neal,

Sarah Am Dunnett,

Starling Anderson, Sri Singapura, Veloz, (Sp) Salado, Wave, Hackett: Young Flebe,

Caller, Brathwaite,

Harrier,

Inglewood, Smith,

John Comper, Grieg,

Kelpie, Sime,

Lady Leigh, White,

Lady Amhrst, Ablett,

Othello, Thompson,

Dent and Co

W. Pustan and Co

THE FRIEND OF CHINA AND HONGKONG GAZETTE.

HONGKONG DISPENSARY.

AGENT AT CANTON,

SODA WETER, AERATED LEMONADE. SELTZER WATER, direct from Hamburgh, Queen's Road, Victoria, 9th March 1847. ACHOOK-Comprador, No. 3 Imperial Hong. (HARLES WEISS begs to inform the Pablic, that he has lately received a large assortiment of white and coloured Spectacles of different pow- ere, the coloured ones having four shades andare highly recommended to screep the eye from the glare of the sun, Ite has also a fine assortment of Musical Boxes from two to twelve Tunns, which can be warranted by him

U

Victorin, 9th March 1947.

TO

PUBLIC AUCTION.

Mr. B

obtained.

3101 of 10

fact courtsnet.

unless he should fact, that the teas thus suitable to the ma

and the low priced it costs them it may fairly be inferred that our consumption, under a honvy duty, drau is a very

small proportion of the production, Economist states that ten differs from coffee, because, simultaneously with the reduction of duty, The cost of production of the latter was reduced. He does not seem aware that ten is similarly cir cumstanced as regards its cost to the foreign buyer owing to the abolition of the Hong monopoly and latter on the prices in China cannot be stated, the opening of the new ports. The effect of the tinents of Europe and Ameri

fact Mr Blend does not a owing to the variety of qualities and absence of he states other facts w specific quotations of tea in China; but the sudy non-existence. He tells us that the ut of an English tea-circular would show how much tities of tea seat to Sio ten is lower than it wee; and the statistics of silk, process a sort of acmi ma which are inore shople, show the differenes in cir. many specimens of rude, Scumstances clearly. For several years before the of them partaking of a pung opening of Shanghai, the exports of silk from Chi-to the juices being absorbed n only averaged 9000 balà per annum, at prices off by the evaporation which equal to above 24 por pound for fair quality, laid.

bited heal would cause; and down here: they sprang up the feat year after the contract presented by the exp opening to 12,000 bales, ties aroud to 18.000 balu», and are extimated this year to be 16,000 bales; while the prices required by the Chinese were only

·

Ohe Sald on the premises of Messrs R. Os WALD & Co., adjoining "Ome'"* Wharf, To- morrow, Thursday the 11th Instant, at if d'elenk a. M., for the bonefit of whom it may concom. A

A quantity of fancy Trowsoring, Flannel, Champul to las per pound lid down here for similar pagne in 3 dozen cases, and American Drills

ÁL90

A quantity of Pilat Bread in Puncheons and Barrels, and (100) hundred Boxes of superior T

Ac &a

TERMS OF SALE:-Cash before delivery.

MACEWEN & Co. Victoria, 10th March 1847.

M2

PUBLIC AUCTION, TR. GEORGE DUDDELL will sell by Pul

lic Auction on Monday 15th Instant, st.11 o'clock A... on the premises adjoining Mosers HLMES & BIOTAM, the remainder of the Stock in Trade, Fixtures, &c., &c., of the late firm of Mesura LANE, ROWLAND & Co., consisting of Ollman'y Stores, Wines, Beer, Brundy, Cin, Reading and Hanging Lamps. Shot in bags, Hooks and Thim iles, Forelocks, Window Glass, Charts, Tubleg, Show Cases, Clocks and Watches, Bud Ticking, &c., &c.

A 190

The same day off the Wharf of Messrs Bow. HUMPHREYS & Ca, at M., the well known, Coppered and fast sailing Cutter HOPE, about 30 Tong Bur hen, with all her appurtenances, incl. ing 5 Tons Iron Konitedge.

Victoris, til March 1847.

NOTICE.

i.

quality. •Reonomist asks, if there was an in- Creused demand for ten in China, how much of the soil of Chinn adapted to its culture could be the praction of the first necessaries of life?" Da withdenwa that donecly-populated country from fie aware that Chinx is surrounded by countries better calculated than he is for the production of articles of food requiring little labour and much land ? From those countries the alrendy receives large supplies; and can any one believe that, under such circumstances, if there is a probable market for ten, the cultivation of provisions can, in a "den-* sely populated country," compare with an article of great comparative value fron the quantity of labour it regaires?

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highly delicate kinds of len in vog higher cluasen, suffices towhow the easily qualities producible by the ingenuity and ing industry of the Cuinese.

Thus it would appear, from your correspondent own facts, that the quantity of let of a superior quality bears a small proportion to the quantities of an inferior quality. Its true that he states 11.69 his opinion, that we have chly to apply the natural stimulus-demand, to insure, not a quadruple, int quintuplo quantity of the properly manipulated, keeping, and exportable cominodity. But what are the facts upon which this opini

Opini is based Can your correspondent tell us with any approach to precision, what would be the period required ta effect any considerable extension of the cultivation of that variety of the tea tree which fields the ex- portable commodity? and what the amount of the labour which would be necessary to give to a qua- The comparison of an articlo like tea with the drupled quantity of the exportable commodity the fancy vintages of the Continent is almost too ob- requisite manipulation for the markets of Europe "viously unfair to serva notice. Can any ons and America ? Your correspondent is far toon- doubt, that if the duty un common European winca telligent not to perceive, that it follows as a mecaS were reduced so as in bring them within the reachsary inference from the very facts which he has of our labouring clues, and that their tastes were himself advanced, that during the period which for such, a considerable supply might be obtained, would be required to effect an extensive alteration. without any permanent exorbitant rise in price? in the application of labour and capital la Chinn, Yet even this would not be a fair comparison; Ule the effect of a remission of the duty on tea would wine-growing districts of Europe bearing no pro-be followed, as shown by Mr Senior, by a rise of portion to those over which the tea-cultivation is price in favour of the Chinese producer, rather than supposed to extend in Chica,

by a fall of prica in favour of the British consumer.

Tad Economist made himself mister of the state of the trade with Chion, ha might have spared the imputation of "want of acquaintance with the subscribers beg leave to give notice to the science of international exchange. We have up citizens of Hongkong and Canton, that in ad-phed the Chinese with wrought goods at lower dition to SHirsuting in all its branches, they prices than they could supply themselves"---from have an Arinourer, a Bell hanger, &c.,&c., all or- the abstraction of the precious metal" the coin. ders shall be punctually attended to.

merce of the two countries has been brought to a. EMERY & FRAZAR

trade of barter” -prices have fallen in China "-- Hongkong, 1st February 1847.

"an incrasil exportation of Chinese productions to England" har ken place: but the proportionate BILLS OF LADING FOR THE OVERLAND

ROUTE.

reduction in the price often to the Brith consumer, and its natural consequence in increased consump FOR sale at this office, four forms of bills of lad.

tion, las bien interfered with by the exhorhitast ing for goods or specie shipped by the P. & D. Company's Steam packets. Ist for goods deliver-duty; and all that the meentents and manufacturers able at London; ud for goods deliverable" St Southampton; 3rd for goods deliverable at Stož 4th for goods deliverable at intermediate parts, They are printed after the Company's forms on Bank post.

Office "Friend of China" 25th October, 1845.

THE DUTIES ON TEA. To the Editor of the Spectator.

J. Matheson and Co Robt. Strachan J. How and Co

Macvicar and Co Smith and Brimelow Gemmell and Co Macricar and Co Alex. Robertson VESSELS AT WHAMPOA.

Nye, Parkin and Co

Liverpool, 10th December 1848. G Henrich, (Hat.) Henrichson, Boustead and Co

SIR.-The article on the duties on tea in your C. Sapoorjee Langrah Jamieson, How and Co paper requires a reply, because the authorities quo- Russell and Coded carry weight with the public, deservedly on all Macvicar and Co those subjects to which they have given sufficient Lindsay and Co attention: in the present instance, the recent deve Maclean Dearie and Caleopment of the facts of the case may account for I be J. Matheson and Co their not having them entirely before them

Dent and Co lieve I can meet the assumptions on which the Tomer and Co reasonings of the "Economist" are founded, I would J. Matheson and Co first, however, reply to the quotation from Mr Victory, Smith,

Fischer and Co Senior; who, after speaking of a repeat of taxation 01 tea, siys--"The price in China might possibly William Jardine, Swalt, Blenkin, Rawson and Co

double, it probably would rise one-half. The rise Will Fish Girl, Buckton,

Captain

would have a tendency to raise the rent of land and wages of labour in the tea.growing districts of Gilman and Co China. It must be admitted, therefore, that both AMERICAN AT WHAMPOA AND MACAO. are kept down by the existence of the lax, and that Wetmore and Co a portion of our daty on tea is in fact paid by the Russell and Co inhabitants of the tea-growing districts of China." Russell and Co I believe it would be admitted by Mr Senior, and Nye Parkin and Co all political economists, that the wealth of nations Olyphant and Co is best promoted by the application of their labour and capital to those commodities for the production of which they have the greatest advantages. Tes and long-cloths are both manufactured articles, in the cost of which labour is the principal item, and China and England countries so fully populated that it is only in such articles they can profitably

Poppy Cole,

Rocafuerte, Alva,

Tumar, Hall

VESSELS AT Macao.

William, Roper,

Catharinn, (Am) Pratt,

Cayuga, Starbuck,

Eagle, (Am) Poor,

Horatio, (Am) Crocker, Vancouver, (Am) Fuller,

TO LET.

THE upper part of the House fronting

the Elarbour, adjoining that at present occupied by the undersigned, with Out houses, and part of Godowns if required. Apply to

BURD, LANGE & Co.

Victoria, 9th March 1847.

WINES FOR SALE. ILEDETANES, CONINGHAM

Q & Co, Superior Sharry,

BARTON GUNSTIER

Madeira, Port, and Claret,

of Bordeaux, Claret, LABA COOKS,

Madaira,

in Cases of 3 dozan ench,

Cases. in Wood. LINDSAY & Co.

trade.

For the year ending the 30th June 1845, deliveries of raw East India cotton at Canton are raged 30,000 bales per month; for last year, ending 30th June 1848, they only averaged 21,500 bales per month; the diminution being accounted for by the low prices confirms lee assertion of the and increased deliveries of manuline tured goods Chinese, that the population employed in manufac in 1 and 3 doz. turing were distressed by the low prices of our goods. The labour thus set at liberty would tend to prevent the rise in its price, as the manufacture of tea would be thus substituted for that of cotton goods, because more suitable for the Chinese. The assertion that tea is only grown in one district of China is contrary to the best information obtainable, The different descriptions of tea are said to come from different districts; they come down at different much more reduced than that of others by the open- times of the year. The price of sana has been

ing of the new ports, supposed to be n the districts, and whenever any desor has ruled at high prices from being run supply of that description has alwaTD creased, without any corresponding, dimai supply, or rise in price of the other dear

NOTICE. THE undersigned trading together under the name or style of MCMURRAY & Co., having this day Bold their business to Mr W. FMENT, beg to inti- Tate to their Customers and the public generally that their interest and responsibility in that business ceased from this date, Mr. FREDERICK WOODS is authorized to arrange all outstanding accounts which must be sent in to him on the premises and adjusted before the 22nd Jastant, after which tire an claims against the firm will be received or al- lowed

JAMES MOMURRAY,... FREDERICK WOODS.

Victoria, 1st March 1847,

In all the reasoning of Economist buloses sight of the fact that the Chinese are themselved large consumers of tea and as it is the principal drink of all classes, with their enormous population

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It appears to me that your correspondent, in common with other advocates of an extensive re- mission of the duty, attaches undue importance lo the tea-trade. The nature and extent of the ad- vantage which the country derives from this traffic are well shown by Mr Senior in his Treatise upon Political Economy. The advantage results from the diminished quantity of labour by which we are enabled, through the international division of em- ployment, to supply ourselves with an agreeable superfluity. We bring from Chiro, in exchange for commodities produced by the labour of forty thousand, a quantity of ten which it would require the labour of one million two hund, od thousand to produce at home. This is the whole advantage. nsk is a reduction in the duty proportionate to the Were the ports of China hormetically sealed against reduction that has already taken place in the banded, us, the forty thousand who now produce goods to be exchanged for tea, would produce goods to be price; being fully convinced that it has been proved os fallacious to suppose that we could obtain a exchanged for coffee. The change in the direc. greater share than China of the increased production of industry would be attended, in the first in- tiveness of labor, caused by the international distance, by disadvantage; and the substitution of visions of employment," as they would consider the attempt dishonourable, after having partly for red, partly persuaded the Chinese to adopt a low scale of duties, on the representation that it was for their advantage to do so In reply to the distinction drawn by your correspondant between aders" and "thinkers," I would merely remark, at a practical knowledge of facts may be no bad foundation for au id thinking, and may sometimes prevent parties from falling into such fallacies as the latter part of Economist's letter seems to me to contain; and which. I believe, Mr Senior and Mr Mill would be the last men tu countenance.

The style of the above retharks will betray that I am les accustomed to cumposition than to ob

ration of the pract cal and economical bearings of the su'ject.

A MERCHANT AND ECONOMIST. Spectator, December 19.

THE TEA. TRADE.

To the Editor of the Spectator.

coffee for tea would for a timo be disagreeable But after the temporary derangement should have pas sed, there would be no diminution of capital, and no reduction of wages. The amount of wages and the wellbeing of the labouring classes depend, as Mr. Sening his shown, * on the extent of the fund for

the maintenance of labourers, compared with the

number of labourore to be inaiutained," This fund could be neither increased nor diminished by the substitution of coffee for tea. Apart from the tem- porary evils of whiclf sudden changes in the direc- tion of industry are ever productive, the total anni hilation of the tea-trade would not throw a single operative out of employment.

The leaders of the Anti-Tea-tax agitation ap- pear to think that an extension of the tea trade would have the same effect aponthe progress of our manufactoring industry with that which would re- sult from an equivalent extension of those branches of our foreign trade which nugment our supply of food and raw materiala. According to their argu- ments, or rather according to their declamation, an increase of the trade with China, giving on qua- druple supply of tea, would cause an extension if manufactures equal to that which would follow from an increase of trade with, the United States, fur-

of corn. The comparitive advantages of our trade. with North America nod with China are examined at some length in Colonel Torrens's Lettera of Commercial and Financial Policy" The follow

on

Sta have attentively considered the letter of Mr Bland which appeared in the last number of the Spectator; and I am not without hope that, as regards the expediency of a remission of duty on tex, our opinions may ultimately coincide. infernishing us with a quadruple supply of cotton and from Mr Blan's admissions, that we are already agreed upon the general principles which I ventur ed to propound, namely, that import duties, im- we not for protection but for revente, should be levied as far as may be practicable, on those foreign comm dies of which the supply cannot be increns. ed in proportion to the increase of demand; and that when dikes can be remited, the remission should made upon articles which are not subject to any species of monopoly, natural or fiscal, and the price

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ing passage appears to have a practical bearing on the question now under discussion in the manufac turing districts.

iniges

The most beneficial commerce carried on by independent states, is that between a densely peo pled country, posted of manufactu and

a thinly peopled country, pas wastes. Every exchango e countries this circunst

field of employment in hotli Every interchange of the replaces, by a direct op ptal by which they manufacturer gives to the ticles clothing and imp farm, in exenan

of which to the consumer must consequently fall in proportion to the minouat of the remitted duty. Agrering in these principles, it is not likely that we should continue to differ with regard to their application - My principal, though not my solo objection to any considerable abatement of the duty on tea, rests upon the assumption that the value of tea in the market is muinly determined, not by the cost of production, but by the extent of demand. Your correspondent adouts, that if this assumption be conform ble to fact, the objection is vald, and materials cons I admit, that if this as amplion be contrary to fact, objection a antonable. Thus the my principal difference between us resolves into a simple question of fact.

!מטין

la reference to the question of fact, your cor respondent states that ten is an indigenous and product not only of the greater part oper, but of Bochin China, Jarge dis other flary, Japan, Burman a ions of territory. The

4904

consumption baffles all at

in excess of all the. communities and that very large. prepared in many districts for the bacter Singapore, whence the hundreds of thous

inz co

Hestilo