728908-1847-24-Feb-1847 — Page 4

NAW BILLS for sale

China 28th Dec 1844,

the office of this paper. heque books

on shetract of the merchant

on the back

after forma by Chitty. ner forms by Chitty,

riff of imports, and exports, for

ERVICE TO PUBLIC MORALITY. gina in good circumstances is never brought to jesica in this country for any crime short of mor- aquent forfeita his recognizances, DE he buys off the evalarce against him. A short time ago some Kenfiah magistrates impossad a trifling fine for an atrocious offence, on the express ground that, if they committed the prisoner, a man of weakh, for trial, he would bribe the witnesses. The conclusion of them worshipfal gentlemen somewhat surprised the public, as it seemed better to persons of ordinary acoso that the offendët shoukl bô put to the larger cost of buying off the avidence, than that he should escape for the smallsum of 41. ; and abo it appeared desirable to keep the administra- sora of jattice clear of any part in these shameful tramadoliona for the impunity of crime.

In Ireland they do not seem to understand these msterz to well as in England, and they fall into a rare confusion in discussing them,

At the Curk Police offics two officers were charged by a woman with an offence of a most a trocious Banture. Her informations were sworn;

but when the time came for further proceedings, she declined giring evidence. What had passed was clear eaugh. Ons of the sitting magistrales, Captain White, held forth as follows:

*It was not in his power to force her to sab- stantiate the informations against her will-such * proceeding would be opposed to the principles of the constitution. But he was arry that such a shocking crime should escape due punishment. It was his duty as a magistrate to believe the partier accused guiltless of the charge, as the com. plainant withdrew her informations; but though the woman, in the first informations, might have Daintentionally exaggerated the circumstances, still ha had no doubt she had sworn truly. If the indecent outrage wworn to by her were prepetrated, it stamped with deep disgrace the parties guilty of

THE FRIEND OF CHINA AND HONGKONG GAZETTE,

(From Hun's Merchant Magazine,

Formly, 184

MACOREGOR'S COMMERCIAL STATISTICS

"

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the work in a recent number of the Edhabungh Review, that "the Loris of Trade have displaced à judicious liberality, in promoting this very useful

and instructive undertaking,"

The nation waits for the docision of her Majes ty's Ministers on the vital question of its food, f poris should be opened, and distillation from sugar permitted-so says every one who can think de passionately on the subject. Importation sho be encouraged or rather, not discouraged by a duty

almost a prohibition; and the very limited storey that Britain has for the season, should be husbanded with care, and dedicated to the sustenance of the people. Where a substitute for malt lies so readily at hand, sugar ought, without hesitation, to be np. plied to purposes of brewing and distilling. Ara prices of corn not yet sufficiently high? The very act of Parliament which was designed, by a gradou. od scale, to regulate the pressure that comes upon aur markets, has failed to mark the enormity-k index forth the amount of penury and pain which thin increasing prices are producing.

tion of the precise nature of the work, in order to shibit ita scape and spirit. The first part deseri- bes the political organization of our own govern. OF THE UNITED STATES, BA meat, and giros as the Constitution of the United The large volume which has recently been petates, as well as that of the several States, au no blished, embracing a complete statistical account of count of the public departments, Congrass, the the United States, is, in our judgment, one of the courts of law, salaries, and, indeed, all those facts most valuable works of that peculiar character that which tend to exhibit the nature of our political bas ever been issued from the press. It has been institutions. In this part is also embodied à dos complied by John Macgregor, Baq now one of the cription of the configuration and area of North joint secretaries of that permanent body, the Britial America, the theory of its climate, the area of the Board of Trade. Decupying a spaos of fourteen territory of the United States, and progress of the hundred and twenty-seven large and closely print population, the increase of the several Atlantic, ed pages, it was prepared under the sanction of the Western, and slaveholding States, religious den Crown, and is dedicated to the Lords of the Comm- minatious, universities and colleges, the distribution mittes of Privy Council for Trade and Plantations of industrious classes, and a particuler statistical Constituting but a part of a series of statistical vo-1 desoription of each State of the Union. lumas, which is to be complied under the auspices Me Macgregor thea considers the general subject of that board, respecting the commercial thrills" under thros grand divisions Ito treats first of the and regulations, resources and tracks of the spiral Northern Aflantic States, their manufactores, cóna- States of Europe and Amerion, together witli the merce, navigation and trade, their religious dono commercial treation between England and foreign minailons, banks, public works and public debi, countries, that is to be presented to both houses of their principal sports and towns, the trade of the Parliament, the presont compilation is devoted to saveral parts, the fisheries, quarries, and minorals,

It cannot be, that s Cabinet require louder the exhilation of the commercial state of the North the public works, revenues, and expendituros, id- demonstrations of the crushing necessities to which American Union.

qurance companies, principal commercial and so many of our labouring poor are already on It is somewhat extraordinary, considering that manufacturing cities and towns, live stock, and four; and that until the pressure from without a we have advanced to the state of the second cons agricultural products. The Southern Atlantic Sta driven them from their present conservative mercial power upon the glaba, and note number aug, in all these minute details, are then described titude, they will put off what has been proved un population of thout twenty millions, that no volqane and the same facts relative to the Western Sutos, be the wisest and the lionis test

policy. Petitiona of this procian, character has been prepared under and the Western territory, with tables of the num and memorials have boon presented to the Govern the authority of the antional legislature. It is trubor and condition of the Indian tribes, and, indeed, ment; but, did the people think that Lord John that we have been favored with atstietical work, everything of consequence relating to the actual Russell and his colleagues required to be instruct which have appeared under the authority of that condition of that part of the country, are presented,od and convinced those documents would come body, but they have been generally far from com

upon him one hundred fold. prehensive in their plan, or minute la their details) The compiler of the present work, indeed, acknow ledges the examination of a digest of tile existing commercial regulations of foreign countries will which the United States have intercourse, that was prepared at the expense of the treasury, by a dis, red, and we have, moreover, a complete account of the manufactures of the nation, and the exports tinguished citizen of Maryland, Mr John Spear and imports. The subject of the internal naviga Smith; and other works of like character have tion of the United States opens a wide field of sta also been since compiled, but none have been either tistical description, and we have a full account of sufficiently full of minute, to be adapted to the this, and also of that vast system of railroads and absolute requirements of the nation. The industry chanls which intersect the various parts of the ter of Mr Macgregor has been successful in presenting ritory. The trade and navigation of the country, to us a complete statistical description of the United which are prosecuted through the agency of stetin, States, which leaves but little to be desired upon likewise receive their full proportion of this subject,

It can hardly be doubted, that the importance of statistics, or a koowledge of existing hots, has been overlooked in this nation, for they flirnish the

only solid ground-work of intelligent legislation, So far as this legislation refers to material interests, They hold a respectable position, and must have known, the duties appertaining to that posi

the precise nature of those interests is required to tion. They held the rank of gentlemen, and must

be known. Abstract declamation and diffuse ar- have been conscious of what belonged to gentle. gumente, however much they may be calculated to men. They were British officers, and as such they

promote the popularity of an orator, or to amugo were aware of the indeliblo disgrace that must al-

his constituency, produce no solid advantages, un tach to them from such conduct. Under these cir-less they are based upon a knowledge of the easer cumalances and as the woman had, withdrawn the ing circumstances of the subjects which they discuss charge, he was unwilling to believe that gentlemen How can an equitable tariff system be established, holding her Majesty's commission would be guilty of without thorough understanding of our commer- or a commercial treaty a properly negotiated an offence that outraged humanity,"

cial relations with foreign countries, and the amount of the several kinds of products here pro- duced, as well as those which are exported and im ported? Those facts must be known, in order to ascert in what wo are to produce, as well as whil we are to protect if the policy of protection is to be sustained at all. The work of Mr Macgregor exhibits these facts, regarding this country, and wo are gratified that he as deemed proper to em. body is his work the rest of a considerable por tion of owr own laborica research, which has been communicated to the public through the pages of the Merchants' Magazine."

What a tissue of contradiction is this! The ma gistrate was sorry that such a shocking crime should escape due punishment, but it was his duty to believe the accused guiltless, consequently that no shocking crime had escaped due punishment; bus, though it was his duty to believe the accused innocent, ho had no doubt that the prosecutor had sword truly that they had perpetrated a horrible offence, and nevertheless he was unwilling to be. lieve that thaw had done so

After this lucid exposition, a Mr J. J. O'Brien got up as amicus curio, and took a more one-sided view of the matter:

**Mr J. J. O'Brien said, he could bear testimony that the bench had now, as on all occasions of which he was cognizant, fully discharged its duty. Aa the woman had refused to follow up har first infor- mations, it was to be presumed that the parties were inaccent of the offeqce, and if she again, after once refusing, were induced to substantiate her in- formations, it would materially damage the effect of her evidence with a jury. For the sake of pub- lic morality it was better that the maller should end there. It was not in the power of the bench to compel the woman to proceed.'

י

Upon this hint the Mayor spoke: "The mayor replied, that it was the knowledge that it was out of their power to compel the woman, and also the wish not to cautrage public morality, by the publication of so shocking a business, that in daced them to suffer the woman to withdraw the charge; for an accusation of so disgusting and re- volting & nature Dever came under his cognizance: bat the bench could do no more in the matter

The doctora difer Captain White thought it lamentable that such a crime as that charged should escape punishment; the Mayor, on the con. trary, agrees with the amicus curia that public morality gains by the suppression of the case, The morality of this conclusion deserves a little atten- tion. A poor ruffian commits a crime, and, want- ing the means to corrupt the witnesses, he is con- victed, and the example of his punishment serves the ends of justics and of public morality. A rich ene, haring perpetrated a similar outrage, buys off the evidences, and so eaves public morality the Dame of his deed; His act of corruption for his own coupe is thus regarded as the expiation of his crime, the amende to public morality. In saving himself ves morality ashook. This seems

ge in ethica the means by which blin morality is so werved are worthy of the service

To suppress the truth, law, wnating a public prose. are not answerable for a de

have adverted to; but

We propose to enter into an analytical examina- * The "National Prass," in a well-written article on this subject, after some sensible reficctions on the influence of commerce, in diffusing the rich and varied products of our generous mother earth among all nations, and suggesting that Boards of Trade, and Chambers of Commerce, are to take the place of Comps and Councils of War, thus refers to the work of Mr Macgregor, in connection with our own labors in commercial statistic and

literature.ED. MERCHANT'S MAG.

The mineral wealth of the United States, in its essential, features, as well as the agriculture and agricultural products of the Union, and the fisheries of Nirth America, and those of the United States, and also the British whale fishery, are then con-

spice; and

those subjects are added a full account of the commerce of the American lakes, and various mis. sellaneous statements respecting the commerce of the American towns upon the lakes, na well na n description of the trade between the countries of the United States bordering the lakes and the Ca

nacus.

The extensive commerce which is prosecuted pon that longest of our American rivers, the Mis- bed, together with an account of the American fur sissippi, and its tributaries, is then minutely descri-

trado, and that of the American trade with the

It may be, that Lord John regards the lato att as a final settlement of the question. This is the ult error of finally and must be forthwith ropodiated, The Modes and Persiane are no standard to us in jurisprudence; to be free from their fate we must be free of their fault. The laws are intended for the benefit of the nation. If they shall be found and felt otherwise, they must instantly be abrogated, and better put in their place. No party and personal arrangements between Lord George and Lord John can bind the British people to a hurtful enactment, though passed by an unanimous or a distracted le gislation.

The vigorous statesmanship of the Irish Lord Lieutenant has met the approbation of every one. He saw the remedy, and the promptly applied it to the alleviation of the evil. So let Lord J. Russell follow in his footsteps, and share in the honour- R. Peel boasted of that day as the proudest of his without hesitating, lest delay proves an error, Sir

www life, on which he was ready to undertake the res-

ponsibility of opening the ports for the free admis sion of corn, Inst November, when the necessity was only a shadow of the present dire reality. He had many obstacles to overthrow. He was the au thor of the measure which he thus violated and d.. clared unworkable-his friends and usual supporters prices-his place, power, influence, and character were advocates for the national system of famine

impended on the act; but he braved them all feat lessly, and was "nore honoured in the bread) an the observance of a pality pompous consistency; Lord John Russell is very differently situned. He has vowed that" protection is the bane of agricul urgency for relief to the millions threatened with ture he is leagued with reformers-andalas the utter want is tenfold stronger than in the day of his predecessor. The hour for action is cape and has passed when the cure for this giant evils old bare been applied. The very de

deed which proclaimed in Ford John: Delay now is unmitigatedinger. Sir Robert's inconsistency would prove the opposite

Economist, October 31.

praitice, and with Santa Fe. That large ambunt and foreign navigation and trade of the United of enterprise which is employed in the coasting

States, is, moreover, exhibited to us in all its featu

; and Mr Macgregor then arrives at the consi- duration of the foreign trade of the United States, a subject which opens a wide and interesting field of defcription. From the advance of the commerce shipping is extended to the principal ports of the of the nation, it is pretty generally known that our

world, although our foreign trade is prosecuted morn extensively with Great Britain than with any the United States and the United Kingdom, as well other country, The navigation and trade between

in North America and the West Indies, the British as out own opmmerce with the British possessions

East Indies, China, the foreign West Indies, Me. xico, Central America, and the States of South America, with France, and the continental ports of Western Europe, are then set forth in a clear, of Europe, and with the principal commercial cities and, we doubt not, accurate form.

Those various topics are followed by numerous tables, regarding imports and exports, and various hals, railroads, trade, port, and other charges. The miscellaneous statements respecting minerals, ca peculiar department of the navigation of modern fines, connected with the regular passage of steam

thith "The idea suggested by this train of remark, grow!

vessels across the ocean-a species of navigation brought to our notice, by a recent pubileation of John under the auspices of the government-is briefly upon us; but we can only glance at a single Mustration which, it would seer, is likely to be increased Macgregor, Esquire, one of the joint secretaries of the described; and we have some very interesting facts British Board of Trade. We refer to the three large relating to transatlantic navigation, as also tho volumes presented to Parliament, in parts, by "commodious passages which have been made by the of Her Majesty," embracing the commercial statist productive resources, commercial legislation customs, British steamships to our own ports. We have Larids, toavigation, port and quarantine, laws and charges, also the name and tonnage of the principal British shipping, Imports and exports, and the money, weight and-American vessels which arrived at the port of and measures, of ALL NATIONS Here is als coge London from the United States, during the first six tronizing suspices of the British government, which will months of 1845, together with the tariff and oustore and MrMacgregor bas performed a labor, under the pay do much to advance the general prosperity, not only of dwa of the United States, and other statistical or his awn country, but of the civilized world nd although, historical statements, concerning life, fire, and me on the face of it, it bears the mark of pounds, allingrine insurances, ght house establishments, cur. and pence, it is destined to promote the interests of the nations, by leading men to a knowledge of this resicer and thus deterring them from retarding thefiderepopavent by force and frand-by wogagdug in hathe conflicts; what, under a free, fair, and warestricted commerce, ali may enjoy. The volumes to which we have deferred. cover nearly 4,000 pages. The rst two, emirming 1,478, many, Holland, the Lilian States, the Ottoman Empire, are devoted to Austria, Belgien, Denmark, France, Ger Greere, Africa, the Russian Empire, Sweden and Nor way, Spain and Portugal, and the third, z valame of 4, tar pages, entirely to the United States of Nort Atorien. So embody a digest of our rapidly woning that the British government has done more to collect perce

vast resources, than our own. This tabor ha

pubeen entiely neglected with Individua

Industry, and private enterprise, bare

ts, it in their power

great pleasure what the ongress of the blic hat left undone. It will naturally, our readers, that we slide so the resca of Mr Hunt, the projectes and editor: Magazine and Commercial

information, in regard to value, that embodies la lu wide

bes about it, and not to and varied resoqzenú of my

in the same breath.

vantage to public

of subor

can be found lu any or sil

abroad. Mr Macgregor, States, serms in hare

the compreber

rency and banking institutions, the finances of the United States, and the debts and finances of the respective Sintes, Faially, we have the statistica. of Texas, the treaties of, commerce between the United

gislati

ales and foreign States, and acertain spano- is the fon meanderation of the commercial le given, this

iglanda and 5 Americnath We have a

Löcount of the volume of MEME

is very satisfactorily

recup ting all the facts connected with our do. made, and commerce, the whole

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE

MANILA

(From the New Weekly General Price

February 6.)

REMARKS ON THE MARKET. IMPORTS.

both for plain and coloured Goods. Very

COTTON GOODs. The market still cont have been made during the week, and shops keepers complain of want of customers.

EXPORTS.

lity, and Zebu and Brown sundried Sugar brothe SUGAR-Nothing has been done in curial cut- only qualities that have been purchased dir Sydney.

Mails have been received, by the Gm B bulk of the mail being on board the Brig Very few letters of the October and N

now hourly expected, and consequently Jittle information regarding the Europe gars in general were firm, We have been told however, that the pric

picul unscrewed.varios madoar

Har-All that arrives is purchased at

COFFEE. Some sold during the week at about 13 reels per picul on board

RIOR-Ilocos and Pangasinan, procur

of

fes

the months SROANS, The next sucülön expected for

KLERKS

SAPAD Za male A bandant, a

XCHANGE ON ENGLAND.-Some 30.0 have been sold at 4s 4d, and for 6 monther a 48 50 18 the utmost at which the ing to bell-ON CHINA, 1 per cent dise istorical talaments and condenpuchasers.

les ). In ikas so ably accomplish. Tonsaer. None in the harbour and mon

bas reflected honor upon himself, fed, berwenam

has made a thosté valuable

culiarly required

EXCHANGE.

Geidon Trokkury and Bank Bi

ernment. 25942TOY BRAVO Spain most par. Few berede.

such a Sductive resour

Kami

ponte