ON SALE
For the Commandat. Queen's Rood. riety of new Saddlery at reduced prices,
nafils hoeds and Heine from $13 pm to 82} os. 3314000, de Srafte Bridles
Collars with Stall
Chain
Chritha while de coloreil Burup Leathers
11
*
pair
An urtinent of Leather, consisting of Chamois Harnes, Pump, &c. &c. Forme Clothing, Boofle and Corb Bills, faney Stirrup Iron, Curb
N. BRepuits neatly and expeditiously exeen Bed Navy and Army accoutrements made to order.
NOTICE)
MHZ misumber beg leave to give notice to the Acidize of Hongkong and Canton, that in ad- on to Smerino in all in branches, they have an Armourer, a Bell hanger, &c.&o., all or- de shall be pesatually attended to.
should ev
THE FRIEND OF CHINA AND HONGKONG GAZETTE.
|
SILK MANUFACTURns of Europe, entered under the Tariff of 1846."
Bilk or Bathu, brond neuffa -Ribbons
Gauze or Crape, broad stuffi
Nilibons Gauze mixed with Silk. Satin, or any other materials, in les proportion then pne half of the fabric, viz., broad int Ribbons Velvet, vis.. Broad stuffs
1546 1 87,041 143,138
4.194. 1920)
year, published in our supplement of Oct. 17th, that the filling off of our experts has not been to those countries in Europe, from which our inerm sod importa hava chially heen received. Pho
gest portion of the reduction is attributable de Be trade with our own colonien, owing to the ship ments last year being too great, and to the mit 18 States, owing to the suspension of trade waiting the operation of the reduced tariff of this year. "But to the European markets the following tobin will show that no reduction ina laken place:-
EXPORTS TO GERMANY, From January 1st to September 1927.
1845
3,027 *14.401
Ribbons of Velvet or Silk, embossed with velvet 7,698 Taking the sum of these tables, the true com- parison for the eight months will stand thus :----
1849. 1843.
Ibal ba
4
1840. iba.
over export coal and ins in their raw state: is not likely, inasmuch as the quantity of these arji. clan, as far as enterprise has yet developed thèm, is much below her own consumption; though in e country possessing such a vast and varied surface it is impossible to say what hidden resources, free competition might bring to light. But be that as it may, nothing is more certain than the
great disad vantage under which all other species of production. are placed by the enormous duties upon these first essentials to all industry. If England possesses, naturally, greater abundance of goal and iron than France, France taken care that the advantage pou sessed by England shall be increased as much ne possible by placing enormous duties upon the im, portation of those cheaper commodities FrancP eaunot do without the boal and fron of England, yot the price is onhanced to the consumer in TTanev by enormous duties, thus imposing a voluntary danbility upon every system of industry, from the Total eight montha cultivator of the soil, who is condemneil to the use
Thus showing an increase upon the importe of of clumsy and rude implements of wood, to the kilk the year of nearly forty per cent, although the new and cotton manufacturers, with whom the price of tariff and only been in operation five months! machinery and bet from so jimportant an element Will the manufacturers of Lycos regard shine a of the whole cost of their
productions. The pffect
more comedy If we had the nodesedry return of such prohibitions upon the whole industry of with respoệt to cotton goods, we are assifed that France may be best couge when it is consider they would show an equally striking inoresso, ed, that in England the mare difference in the sout
But we are unwilling to test the policy of Eng. of these first elements of manufactures, affords such land on such narrow grounds, looking only to the an advantage to the localities where they most first impule under the change of the tarif in the abound, as to confine our manufacturing almost present year. For the last twenty years, the poli exclusively to them. But what would be thought of England hag been tending to Fren Frade, of the ability of one part of England not possessing while that of France has been to retain, and rather coals or iron, to compete with Lancashire and Yorkshire, if in addition to the carriage, a heavy of dispute between La Presse and the free traders to increase, protection. Now, the whole question duty were imposed upon fuel and iron, with a cor of Paris, we are
two countries during that prior from iron. It is impossible to estimate how much We will first see how real have been the adranta, the greater cost of these materials has interfered ges which France has derived from the reduction by the simple fact of cost, but far more, by indue measures which La Presse calls a "comedy CHIPPING ARTICLES, according to the re-ing to thee of interior implements and machine-
cent set (Victoria 7 & 8) for sale at this officory, and by the enormous check which has thus intirely prohibited, French wine, even to a later to the year 1897, French silks and gloves were en
Office "Friend of China,"
terposed against the introduction of now and admit period was chargeable with a higher duty than Victoria, 10th October, 1845.
ted mechanical improvements.
La Presse divides the measures of Mr Hunkisson er wines, and cotton manufactures were charged INGUISTS Raporta and Navy Bits for sale and Sir Robert Peel into two kinds; one it calls
Well, in 1827, Mr Huskisson admitted French at this Oca,
wills and gloves; at a subsequent period the wine duties were equalised; in 1842, Sir Robert Peo! materially reduced the duties on silka, cottons, and gloves; and again in the last session. Let us see France. how these changes have acted on the trails of
Coften twist. ........ lbs. 20,629,056 Silk manufactures imported
Plain calicoes... yards 12,837,021 under the tariff of 1942. 913,829 24.586 45,049 Printed and dyed do... 23,435,320 Under the garil of 1840.
257,600 Cambrica, &e.
Lace Bic £13,823 224,586 303,718 | Total of woollens
Total of silkja.
EMERY & FRAZAR. Hongkong, lat February 1847.
FILLS OF LADING FOR THE OVERLAND
ROUTE.
TOR sale at this office, four forms of bills of lad. tag for goode or specis shipped by the P. & C. Company's Bream packets. 1st for goods deliver able at London; 2nd for goods deliverable at Southampton: 3rd for goods deliverable at Buez; 4th for goods deliverable at intermediate parts.
Iron
1846 33,202,582 14,517.219
----- 21,422,521
59,981
261,971
24,480,193
31.581,947
774,666
636,019
20,874
36,730
8,430
16,982
EXPORTS TO FRANCE, FOR CONSUMPTION AND IN TRANSITO.
From Jamiary 1st to September 19th
3
Colt a twist. The Plain enlicoes... yards Printed do. Cambrics, &c. Lace, e, Total of woollens... Total of silpu
Iron
The
184677
1846
54,221
85,040
331,445 971,925, ....
037,213
1,246,516
17,983
32,031
:: 148,846
9,602,004 10,698,057
125,249
99,745 -*** : 115,863
20,501 ****
81.581
so that the principle, which decle
They are printed after the Company's forms on responding duty upon machinery manufatured between the thing to rest upon the intercourse simile ports to Holland, Belgium, &c., show a
Bank post
Office Friend of China"
25th October, 1945.
Office Friend of China, 28th Dec., 1844.
TOR SALE-At the office of this paper.
Compradores eheque booka.
FOR
Ships Articles, with an abstract of the merchart scaman's act endorsed on the back.
Power of Attorney, after forms by Chitty. Chereparties, after forina by Chitty. Bills of Lading.
Chinese Tariff of imports, and exports, for counting houseS.
THE FRENCH PRESS AND THE FREE TRADE DOCTRINES. THE RESULT OF THE ENOLISH POLICY.
i
with the progress of industry in France, not only of our duties-from that part of our free-trag But here, ag
with duties from 25 to 30 per cent,
i:
that poroase of imports, is shown to be strictly true, an increase of exports must follow an oven in this limited and narrow view of our national intercourse.
we would try the accuracy of
therefore, the more accurate, experience of a mum- this theory rather upon the more enlarged, and, bet of years, while we have been persevering in a Free Trade poffer, than by the limited and luss certain experience of a few months and, first, we will refer to our commerce with France, as furnis hing a striking evidence of the truth of the doctrine.
We have already seen how rapidly o
our Imports from France have increased under the several reductions of dating
been made upon the chief orbeles produced in that
But, My during the whole of that period, we are not aware of a single modification of the French tariff in favour of English goods, except that in respect to the finest cumbers of cotton twist, which has raised Calais again to the position of a thriving n while numerous cases could be cited wherein duties have been increased. As far as France is concer- bytery thing has been done to prevent an in
port of British goods, orense of the import
goods. If, there of ipre au increase our exporta has taken place, in spite of those restrictions, in proportion as our imports have increased, we surely could not have a stronger evidence of the truth of that theory which La Presse treats as a mere « dogma„3 repu dinted by facts. Well, let us see. We bare sbuwa haw our imports from France increased from 182 to 1914 under the various
Beginning with 1882, after the probibitions bad been Troved for five years; then taking the im ports of 1841, the last your preceding the change of the tariff in 1843; and next the year 1844, ns the last for which these tables are all completed, wo bave the flowing comparibune. V
Imported from France
Silk Goods Cotton Goods
No of hairs 140 005
6,385 24,12072.946 1361 277 35.913 1863.741
1832
Wine "glass"
311,419 480.828 1845 726.308
301.572
1841
(Bacjd of Trado Annial Tables, Paris III, XI, and XIX) Under the new tariff of the present year, the imports of silk goods in eight months exceeds the whale of 1844, although the new tariff has only heen in existence five months; and we are assured both by French and English house, that the busi- ness in cotton goods has exceeded, any thing sver
known before
real free trade, and the other the comedy of free trade. Under the former it classes all those rel axations in articles of food by which England has burn, it admita, immensely benefited, and especially in the present year, by which, in fact, it asserts that the most avlid calamity which over threatened England has been, in the present reason of univer- sal dearth, averted. But saya La Presse, these are benefits to England in which France cannot parti cipa. The only boneft which could be expected to a true to France by the free trade of England was, by the admission of cotton and silk mapufae- tures, and by the larger use of her wines, but this is the part of the measures which La Presse calls the "comedy of free trade, because England has never reduced these duties unt she found that it could be done without any chanco of foreign goods It is not often that we feel disposed to interfere with the discussions which take place in other coun-
coming into competition with those of England. tries, even oa the subject of Free Trade; far, turn-
The latter position is maintained from facts gleang from the Board of Trade tables for the first eight ing, as they generally do, apan local intorests, wo feel that they are most likely to be satisfactorily months of the present year, by which La Persed disposed of by those more immeshately connected
attempts to show, that notwithstanding the roduc with thom. But when the whole ground of dispute ions in the tariff in the preser year, not a single is made to turn upon facts--the experience of End of cotton goods has been imported, and that the importation of silk goods has suffered a great gland-and the truth or error of great general prin- ciples, which are equally important to every coutry this assertion under a mistakep view of the tableg diminution. Our Parisian, contemporary makes in the world, is staked upon that experience-wO fel that wo conant justly remain mere silent spec. will have the candour to acknowledge when point- of the Board of Trad, which we are certain he tators of discussions which appeal to such a source for their result. To justify the policy this country
ed out. The heading of the tables in question is. Eas recently pursued, and in be assured of the
"An account of the Imports of the Principal Arti. wisdom of prosecuting the same policy in the future, cles of Foreign and Colonial Merchandise &c. equally demand from us some remarks upon the
dc., and they are published in this form, as the discussion which has been going on in Paris dating year goes on, to afford a general index to the eur the last few weeks; and the more particularly, as
rent trade of the year. Now, the article of cotton it has been based upon the Official Tables of the manufactures has never been a principal, aigle Trade of the Year published by us on the 17th at these monthly tables; but they enter into the annual of import, and has never therefore been included in and upon our remarks thereon. La Presse, the ingenious advocate of Protection in France, has exclaims "England has not received the least atom tables when Anally made up. So, when La Presse published during that period a series of articles opca the Free trade policy of England, and hp because no such imports appear in these tables it of cotton manufactures during the present year," plicability to France. The general arguments pur seed by La Presse are--first, that the great object in these table But if the writer in 14 Fremse is only because auch imports are not at all moluded of Free Trade in England, the Repeal of the Corn Laws, however wise and just in England, has no
had consulted any of the numerous manufacturers applicability to France, inasmuch as at this moment, nient for the inquiry, he would have found that, of Alsace, whore warehouses in Paris are conve by the operation of their laws, wheat is admitted at Marcilles at even a lower duty than it will be during the present year, the trade from France to eventually id England, in 1849, when the recent England in printed cottons had, by the Teppal anfilioration of the law ahali eball have taken its
of our impott daty, received an immense impulse Prero maintains, from the fact, thet while our with respect to silk goods. When the toral was the sat tatif, ber sports exhibit a reduction of In like manner, La Presse falls into another geron imports Aave increased in the present year, unter altered in the present year, the duties upon silkely 2,000,000 made cidad goods were arranged on a new classification † so that, after the passing of the is it because néces sary to make the tables of imports distinct, one ap Plying to the portion of the year before the change, under the old classification; the other
youzin carling
full effect; ners, that the adoption of Free Trade, ge enerally, by England, at least as respects France, has heen only when it could not increase the competition in Englod, and as a trap for-France to follow our example; thirdly, that Free Trade could only be ruin. ous to France, because France could send nothing to England, inasmuch as producis similar to those of France are either produced cheaper in Englund, or are not required to a greater extent than at pre seat, and, lastly, that the favourite dogma of Free Trade-that an increase of imports will lead to an increase of exporta-is a mere theory, contradicted even by the experience of England, and in no re spect applicable to France, The two latter bran- ther of the argument are attempted to be sustained by our tables of the trade of the first eight months of the year, before referred to, and as such we will first turns cor attention to them.
the portion of the year offer the chenge,
MEER AAA ETE 420 Focketons in our tariff.
Then, as to our experts, they wera, în
1832 1844 1845
4.647.701 2,656.250 2,721,238 Now surely these facts sufficiently attest that the And, in the present year, they will be still greater; reductions of these dutins have not been a mere and this steady and gradual increase of more than " comedy" that they have, on the contrary,
substantial advantage to England, b
been 400 per cent, has taken place in spite of every by furnishing effort to prevent it. Will La Presse still call this. the British consumers with cheaper, or more eletheory of the economists an unproved "dogma" gant goods than otherwise they would have obta- But further, let us see how the whole experts of red; that by creating a demand for the industry of her while we have been adopting free trade, and while, at they have been an advantage to France, this country have increased during this period,
have been a mutual advantage to both countries important country in the world, while, on the workmen, and the taste of her artists and that they the policy has not been reciprocated in, by my their material interests, and thus to secure the great United States (11 this year) have all been pursue. by their tendency to unite into one common bone contrary, France, Russia, Belgium, Germany, the and lasting blessings of penice,
ing the principle of exclusion to par boda, Under.
hostile tariffs, our exports, have increased as the grados changes which we have made to lagi- litate the import of foreign produce, in spite of follows:
with perfect success. But, we will trace them Now, had thandraptage rented here, they would have been enough to bave rewarded our policy
leashes of the other attack which Le Prease makes further, and in so doing, we will show the ground. upon the promoters of free trade. It calls the theory, promote an increase of exports--a mere dagma, of the economists that an increase of import
will not supported by flow-Willy contradicted
experience of
assertion Li
Bat there any ways in which this feet is 1: hlowship, as a question of fear, is perfectly true capable of explana, It is more than a year ago, sited we showed that such must not be the effect of the huge railway, undertakings then coas to the new classification, La Presse has fallen into
theplated, and which aĵo now in, couren of couss an error in taking the orat table as applying to the expenditure of capital must prempla
truption, We then show
ap, whole year, alllough the marginal explanation for commodities consomeable by up, should have provented such an error, The creating any commodity which could be Eands thus-
in Telarz but which, on the contrare WE the spot. Thi
The anabas foal we hate no national wealth by the onstruction humiller of communication, while their ex led to an imments (nevensé o
-figured or brocaded
Clauze, plain a
without
ported
They were, in
1532... £36,450,694 before Lord Melbourne's
1841.51,034,528 before the New Tarif. 11844... 58,584,29% after 2 years experience Tariq of 1842,
Economists, which proclaims that ARACIPIO f
1845.60111,082 after three years Will La Presse will say that the theory of the
but it may be said that, Curs a mere "dogma, pagtibalandis experts will acepupapy. Au
here had a mixed system--one of monopoly in fame: articles, one of free trade in
"Well, by it
have
so we are prepared to show that in all article with respect to whiph monopoly was longest snu most tenaciously adhered to such as sugar, con3, and timber, the east advance has sagen place, walla in those to which free trade was applied, such
offee, wool, cötlen, and silk manufactures, the Silk Manyfactunne of Europe, entrand undeni
Eixed to the largest increase pay, pearly the whole, is to our attributable, aia then, conclusive, that ove the Turf of 1842 201
prosperity, such as it has been, is not attributable 1844 1845 13:46.
mature to restrictions, but to “cedams Silk or Batin, plain ba 114412 115,062 66 given nothing to exchange): But so enel préis the adoption of t
If there is one thing in which we have more 75,861 68.629 14,426 that an immediate and actual exchange of commotions between countries must tend to the advance faith than another, is that the removal of protric- 3,587 12,451 2100 dies takes place, at the moment goods are imported.ment of one as much as the ether to advantages 7577 12.493, 9,008. Our straponta save
de from Russia, Germany, not alone of material discription, but also of that. re paid for by our expone to higher chors, which promotes, uniyetsal friender, well pa,direct to the pounties and guarantees the peace of the world, and if there pere that our exports are two countries on earth, which can be of mutual wy year on record, and advantage to each other, and to the world, in such
lavour an exalted senen, those countries are France spal England The interests of the human family acei peculiarly in their hands. We wil, therefore, meck with chim und dispassionata arguments the
aries of our principles i
sometimes be couebed: able for us temperance“
La Presse warna France against the Eree Trade, as a policy which must lead to certain Tuin, teasmuch as in the event of their protective duties being einer removed or modified, England, gured, be į would inundate Fresde with cheap products, while France is not in a condition to give way of her
duesa în retura. – England will not take gur-figured *.
Our COR, Our cotton prints nor our linen ant even our all goods, og bur and of Trade Tables show that former has even lasien off in their riff and Mr in at Bordeaux that suited for the English
mereased 15 consump
brocaded Tigane Foularda Grape, plain
Velvet, plain -figured
86
7,791 11.748 2749 1,465 2,000
La Presse exhibits this table, and French to see how hollow re encourage an exchange with Br of the present year have tent!! But the import which the table repr
ent of La Presse on the of the whole edon
aretly ine would not
ed in France That Fring
Those of of only of lij unflotte that easto the tariff of the pos ivane entries.
hout, as yet.
Ling sont
whee our CARE China and Flonghong.. Office, GoUGH STREET Auronia, HONGKONG, 1847,
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