728876-1846-04-Nov-1846 — Page 4

in the distant portions of

Government,

THE FRIEND OF CHINA AND HONGKONG GAZETTE.

From the estimate, we learn that the Rebel Celew or any benevolent statesian could draw for Rission cost to the 90th of June, 1983 and cost, to the 31st of August, when we

poppling the wants of the people. Those are pu- blic works by hich the people have a right to expect in relato for the ample revenues with which their enriches the exchequer. They knniv which an fish togstature They are improvements would sot delay

tha to form one policy, of no less than 28,000 for the extra machinery Tri. Yalem of feeding and employing tho funded; the annual charge of the debt, and the ba

ales and the

Grey, definite

tions falects in the official appropriate distribution mand, for expmation and and chical emerenes, la most

pinions of the new Colonial or theoretical; cereal purposes. What

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hope, according to the Ronouncement to Faria mentata fabours will be terminated 20 sum which merely marking tool inquities cost is 4,5001, and various charges for kilodrvipi cartage, boat bire, &c., to June 30, amount to 30,0377. Including similar additional charges to August 31st, of 11,8001, there has has been an expense incurred. brought into operation by Government to distri bute that subsistence which, in the ordinary course of commerce, would have been distributed without taxing any inan, and yet giving to many their daily bread. - This is independent of the pay of the come missariat officers, and of the ordnance, and military officers employed under the Board of Works, and the expenses of the Admiraly steamers for the converance of the meal, which are provided for in the estimates of the respective departments. The cost of food actually purchased appears to have been, in the United Kingdom, 57,984), and abroad, 105,258, making together, 163,2441. A part of The this sum has been and will be recovered produce of the sales of india corn to July 15th was 70,1717; the further sales to the 15th of August The lola! sesal will, it is supposad, yield 80,0002

For the present purpose it will be only necessary to trini, with other particulats on the same subject give the information embraced in the first and last years mentioned in the return.

In 1838 the net re-

The estimated amount of taxes

tions inbles connected with the revenue, expendi tore, commerce, and population of the country, witts other information for the last 10 years (1836 to 18.45) The first part of the return shows the amount of royenne received, and the expenditure thereon, ther surplus de deficiency of income compared with the expenditure, the amount of taxes repealed or reduc The alfornaire, then, to which Dr M'Hale looks, ed, and of taxes imposed, distinguishing the prin Is between granting repeal, and extending indefinciple hems; the capital of the debt, funded and un lance in the Exchequer at the close of each year, it is put before them by the pastore in

for the period from 1830 to 1843, both years inclu sive. The second branch hustéerence to the value whom they confide. In discussing the propriety

of the imports and exports in 10 years: the third of the interference on March 21, which we then condemned, we called attention to its collateral of

branch to the sumbor and tonnage of vessels; and fect; and it is not one of the least mischievous of

the concluding part to an estimate of the population in the year, the number of persona committed fur these that enables John M'Hale, and the catholic priesthood of Ireland, to step forward on such a firm foundation as intercessors for the people with tants may be expected to

the government, and against good principles of go fat what they have for

rernment alrengthens the influence of the epis ing to get done by other

copńcy-n tival power-if the grant be rolled by power bus not the will. The

popular discontent, and if conceded by popular are now conjoined; and we

gratitude; and so to Intercede is a cheap means of sure of what is going to happen with

becoming a demagogue, and at the same time of earning the reputation of a patriot. Well may the textention and government of Colonies,

government be alarmed well may thesproprietors should have been of the nature of coming the Post-office if Rowland Hill had

of Ireland, and the friends of the protestant link between the two countries, be alarmed-when they put the head of St Martin's-le-Grand just re the adoption of his plan. Nay, more sure; is that the Government has disbursed altogether Fee whole force of national hunger brought to hear by the catholic episcopacy in favour of repeat, le scheme of a uniform Pennypostage must 268,9277., but will get back of that 134,0517, mak

unlet the government confinue in the impraction- at all events have met with formidable oppositioning the whole sum expanded, according to the ac

ble course of providing employment and food for From another account, which en she sore of revenue whereas Lord Grey's count, 182.0007.

the Irish. With every year, whether the harvests plans of Celial reform, being cordially supported, includes, besides the expenses of the commission

be good or bad, the number to be provided for will * there is every reason to suppose they will be, of relief, the expense of the works authorised to be

increase; and every year the dithculty will become by Sir James Graham and Sir Robert Peel, have executed by the 9th Vict. cap. 1 and 2, the sums

grenter, till the empire will be rent in twalk by the Do only to be proposed in order to be carried issued as donations, and sums paid for the inspec

tion of works, we learn that the total amn expended-impossibility of soy government feeding the bulk

of the people these plans are not generally known, has been 852,4817, of which 494,8517 has been, or

We must be indebted to a contemporary for some, bat simply because publie opinion in this country is to be repaid, making the whole sum actually Lakes file bead of Colonial questions. Hansard bestowed from the taxis, on the Irish, since last further illustrations of the subject. For some time must be searched, by most people, before they can November, 357,6301. We are far from saying that pass we have been looking with cartosify at the accounts of the arrivals from Ireland, knowing eren comprehend bat colonizers and colonists' even such a sum is a large one to give for the ob bave long expected as resols of Lord Grey's much-jeet of improving the condition of a whole people; that the barvest was early, that work is, and has desired acccasion to power in colonial matters. but that object has not been auained, and the smal been, all through the year far more abundant than usual in our africultural districte, and we expected Hence & angular property of the task which he let the sun the more siriking is the illustration it

to read as heretofore, of vessels coming into Liver has undertaken: the public at large will estimate affords of the vast disturbance ever caused by the

pool crowded with labourers eager to reap the importance solely by its fruits. Lord Grey's Government departing from the principle of not in-

golden harvast which England offers them, Ac position resembles that of the general in battle, terfering with the subsistence of the people. whose capacity will be measured by the event; who What, then, have been the effects of the interfer.counts of the arrivals of large quantities of pro- visions of all kinds have been published almost will bear the whole blame of failure, or obtain ence of government,-most benevoleally intended,

every week. The piga have come over in wonted pearly all the honour of success. Vain would be as carefully, und, we believe, as prudently enrried

West and Bay attempt on his part to induce the public to out as such proceedings can be by any governnien, abundance, but not the peasants. share responsibility with him by sanctioning his and meant, as we see by the sums received for meal outs, bacon and hans, pave been imported in greater plane before trial. If his plane are as sound and sold and paid for work done. to stimulate industry quantities than oral; but the men and women

bare lagged behind- great as there believe who have cared to under and avoid everything like waste and extravagance?

It is a still more starting fact," said the Morn stand them, it is a happy accident that self-reliance Has it improve the social condition of the people 7 and active energy unite is his character with the Their political condition at present probably leaves Big Chronicle of Tuesday, "that in this year of suf contemplative faculties-Spedator.

the Government nothing to complain of The refering in Ireland, when such extraordinary efforts peat party has ceased to be very formidable by its have been made by the Executive to save a perish. own dissensions, and the most numerous sectioning people, neither, haym kers nur renpers have of it including the Catholic hierarchy, and, there. fore, embracing the bulk of the population, relies with confidence on the Government, and subs cheerfully to its will. There are no monster meet- inga, no agitation, nothing to thwart the ordinary course of the law and the adininistration. But if we are not misinformed, the actal derdition of the Irish was never to the Government so perplexing and embarrassing as at present The number of persons demanding relief is increased and increas ing; the craving for work and food has grown wonderfully on the small supply aid granted by the late ministry, and the present mini-Ly must continue the supply on pain of saring, not themsel vas merely, but the imperal Government, become more than ever an object of aversion and hatred, Ireland was Sir Robert Peel's difficulty, and, as it is utterly impossible for the present Ministers to comply with demands for food and employment, resulting from a worse visitation than that of last year, bis kindly meant interference has made the social condition of Ireland an insuperable difficulty for his successors,

EFFECTS OF THE GOVERNMENT FEEDING THE IRISEL.

The failure of this year's potato crop, which is now, we regret to say, certain, threatens to involve the Irish in a much greater calamity than befel them last year. We are extremely desirous that their coming distress should be prevented. Their patience under great paivations, perits our warmest sympathy. Notwistadig the dread catalogue of offence which was miked Sugether to make out a case for the coercion bill, never probably were offences against authority fewer amongst a sufer. ing people than they have latterly been amongst

the Irish. It must be admitted, therfore, that all hich can be reasonably done for them ought to be done, and that no sacrifice of money which could be advantageouely made ought to be shunned.

Similar opinious were very generally entertained last autumn, and in the spring of the present year; the demands to relieve the Irish were general in England as well as is Ireland, and the conduct of the Government, in hastening to succour them, was almost invariably approved of. Never, perhaps, was there a case where it appeared more feasible to disregard the abstract principles of political economy, and listen only to the dictates of senti mental benevolence The people were on the brink of famine, and they wanted employment; for the Government to step in and give them food and work seemed so strictly in accordance with func tone usually assigned to a protecting Government, That the hard hearted principles of laissez foire were denounced as the principles of laissez souffrir, and the notion of leaving the Irish to struggle quarded by the Government through their misery, was scouted by all but a few political ecommiste with general indignation. It was said, that not to interfere was to give up all guidance, and was to proclaim the Government strong to coerce, but Impotent

and to hold it forth to the peo. ple as a mere instrument of torture, which could not heal the wounds & might itself have inflicted.

Listening to such demands, and to its own kindly incipations, the late ministry did interfere very extensively to supply the Irish with both food and work, it established a relief commission,-it ins

Linted inquires as to the most feasible local impro- vements —it devised and promoted sundry works, and adranced moncy, in conjunction with local sions to pay wages and buy materials for them on purchased food both at home and abroad, which it distributed gratuitously, Or ata on price as the markets rose, to keep

hir the reach of the poor,

before us just laid on the table of pons, no Exirante of the sum expenses through the Com nment Jailure

Dr M'Hale, in his letter to Lord John Russell, published on the 7th inst, in the Morning Chroni cle, says, and me are afraid that he speaks the senti ments of the bulk of the Catholic priesthood and of the people:-

ceipt of revenue (after deducting drawbacks and re The expenditure, in- payments) was 32,919,3077 cluding charges of collections, was 50,819,80 leaving 2,130,0927 repealed or reduced in the year was, 1,003,7801, and those imposed 2,9911. The capital of the delit funded, and unfunded, was 783.393,6701 The ma nual charge of tho debt was 29,243,590, and the balance in the Exchequer at the close of the year was 6,049,372. In 1846, the net revenue was 57,690,7011; the expenditure, 50,873,0627; the sta plus, 3,817,6422; faxco repealed (estimated), 4,585,5611; las imposed 23,7207; capital of the debt, funded and unlanded, 785,053,0227, the au- nual charge of the debt, 28,253,8721; and the ba lance at the close of year, 8.152,000, the largest balance in the 10 years. The value of the imports into the United Kingdom, in 1836, was 57,206,0467; exports 97,011,8561, of which 85,220,1557 was t produce and manufacture of the United Kingdom, according to the official rates of valuation, whilt the real or declared valne was 53,293.9792, la 1845 the imports were (official value), 85,029 9581; the

exports (official value), 150,870,9862 of which 138,599,1161 was the produce and manufacture of the United Kingdom, and the declared value of the exporis was 60,110827 It is obser

observable that in tha 10 years included in the return the value of the Imports and exports had increased. The number of vessels engaged in the foreign trade in the Uni ted Kingdom was 14.317 British, of 2,505,473 tons, and of foreign 7,181 stups of 988,899 tons, entered inwards. Of those entered outwards, there were 14,207 ships, of 2,531,577 tons (British), ami 7,048 ships, of 1,035, 120 tons (foreign). In the coasting trade, inwards, there were 123,795 British ships. of 10,337,545 tons; and outwards 134,311 ships of 10,782,000 tons. In 1845, in the foreign trade he wards, there were 21 001 ships of 4,310,639 Long (British), and 11,65 ships (foreign), of 1,735 079 tons and outwards 20,231 ships, of 4,235,45 bas the harvest is waiting for the sickle, but the ordi- mary shearers' do not make their appearance.British), and 12,296 ships (foreign) of 1,796,186 Throughout the eastern grain-growing counties of 108. In the coasting trade in the same year the British ships inwards, numbered 144.908 ships, of England precisely the same complaint is at this moment general. Instead of double the usual num 12,485,54 tons, and outwards 138,454 ships, of bere, which it was expected the want of Ireland 13.114,104 tons. The estimated population in Eug would have induced to flock to England, the greatest land and Wales in 1836 was 14,006,00; the number Inconvenience is experienced from their absence," of commitments 20,985; the proportion of the com

Why they do not come over is thus explained by mitments to the population. I in 710; and the io- àur contemporary-

crease in thrre Frars (1836 to 1869) was 59 cent In 1945 the estimated population was 16,796,000 number of commitments 24,809; the proportion of the con mitments to the population 1 in 691 and the deceases in three years (1842 to 1340), 6.7 per cent.

come from Tretud. In Scotland at this a ment,

dlesex and the corn fields of East Lothian in the

Those who had toiled in the hay fells of Mid-

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COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.

MANILA. (From the New Weekly General Price Current, October 24)

heat of the harvest, and had thereby obtained the scary means of subsistence during the winter, found their less adventurous and less industrious neigh. bours, by the bounty, of the government as well provided for as themselves. The light work and good pay, even when work was performed for the government aid, served only to make men dissatis- fed with the harder work and smaller customary pay which the independent employment of Ireland could afford. Relief at home acted as the surest of

preventives against any attempt at an indepen dent provision by seeking employment elsewhere

is the most remarkable fact connected with the Cotton Goods. There is little doing in any sort bistory of Ireland during the past year, that even

of coloured or plain goods, and the few sales that The railways which have there heen in the course of are made, are at bare prices.-The Market is well mustruction have experienced the greatest diffi-supplied with sbirtings, but of suitable coloured calty in procuring sufficient continuous and steady goods, stocks are moderate. labour?""

Such an eleemosynery help bas been given by the Government seems to suit the disposition of the Leish admiratily, They cleave to their country,

to dule out a scanty subastunde, us the reward inefficient, unakilful, unprofitable toil, which has home, to increase their dependence, and extend, if possible, poverty and pauperiemrea

I have read with surprise, and with somewhat of dismay, the report of a speech attributed to the Chancellor of the Exchequer, announcing the fear ful intelligence that the relief which, through the means of employment on public works, had been in some instances tardily meted out to the people, was, from the 15th of August, to be walidrewna You might as well at once issue an edict of general starvation as stop the supplies which the feeble creatures are striving to earn with the sweat of their brows. The scenes of jealousy and discontent

There are several other effects of the interference, that are of daily occurence on account of the realsch as the ruin it has brought on the small trades. or fancied preference which some claimants for men of Ireland, the losses it has entailed on the employment receive, are evidence of the pressure

farmer, the interruption it has caused to the regular of hunger; and never did a mutinous crew pant course of traffic, making it wholly impossible for more eagerly for the partition of a rich booty than the trader who looks to profit to come into compe the starring inhabitants of Ireland do at presention with the Government, losing fifty per cent, for the riseoable pittance carmed on the public roads,

Allow me, then, in the name of a Bithful and suffering people, to implore of you, not only to stretol the present relief on an enlarged scale into the middle of the month of September, but not to suffer the great council of the nation to rise about adapt. lig prospective measures for the similar in severel calamity of the coming year, I bear lestimony not only to the premature withering of the slaiks and consequent decay of the roots, but under walks, of which the leaves were bull greco and sound, the roots were dimoufive in size and in a state of rapid decomposition. The fact is then so, and to throw ecostomed for some time to meal der, on are, someter and almost unripes

the evils de LEEDS WIL

of its transactions, which we must reserve for fotare consideration. That benevolence, when it notes to guide & nation's career is not wisdom, has long been Essorted Neror had it a more fa- Pourable opportunity for proving the claims, and never was failure more complete. It seemed scar- cely pos bla is aggravate the social evils of Ireland; hat has been done by benevolently supplying with fod and employment. They have

and taught to rely more than Jess than ever on themselves. evens a common to the mere the man of cibnce, but it does

nor the laws of plu Chould put to sea, or vku no ofer acquire- be more

REMARKS ON THE MARKET.

IMPORTS.dlighe

EXPORTS. Sugar.-No transactions, and in little demand. Hemp. Continues to be purchased at $3 per picul unscrewed..

Rice-Totally neglected.

Segars-In the auction that took place on the 20th inst, the following lots only were purchased, and about 3250 boxes of mill, das, were left unsold, for having past the hour.

1400 Boxes of mil 3a. 89-2-0-500 ditto, 8-

250 do.

88-4 6-500 ditto 90-5 206 do,

88-5-6

1856-3 ns

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1000-3.18 250 Boxes of mil da. $7.1.6. EXCHANGE ON ENGLAND.-Bills at 6 ms. 4-6, at 30 ds. 4.4. Little demand,

ON CHINA-87,000 at par. FREIGHTS-Owing to the suspension of pur- chases of sagat, produced by the July mail, no tonnage is required for Europe, and we understand that £4 a £4 per ton of sugar is the utmost that could be obtained.

EXCHANGE..

On Spain 3 months par. Few buyers.

12

London Treasury & Bank bille 30 d. 44. LastSales Ditto private ditto 6 months 4.6. Last Sales. China 30 days at pat, Few purchasers, Singapore 30 days 3 per cent discounte

For London.

CURRENT FREIÐUTS. "Sukar","

***,*** £.4-10 a 4-15 per top of 20 cwa Coffes...

00:10

Sapan wood „, 0.0

do.. Bu do. de do do.

For the Continent 108. Extra. ***

LATEST DATERANE UNA DE London 2401 Augnet i Singapore per Rotja Grur

September Kre Hardco

iber per

Grarland.

ed by Jary CARE,

d. Hongkong

1846