728831-1846-03-Jun-1846 — Page 4

ülalás:

the woran-

stly whatis thetruth

ho endeavours to show ubmit their claim to gent to prove that their even of negotiation Me Bu get that the United States have mself by his last proposal, me conceded that point that lives by their second reso. Javo in fact canctioned the principle of ue. hich, in other words, the principle of

THE FRIEND OF CHINA AND HONGKONG GAZET TE.

Individuels of all classes are uniting to support the

on into sliect, may hereafter turnist

Uscion, of remons

A bold and manly cour

British Government will

good Bloot in the United States and it will my doubtedly command the unanimou support. the people of England.

(From the Speatator.

new

At this encoess we rejoins ; but we take leave to think that some of these estimable persone are now advancing propositions calculated to defeat their own excellent purpose.

The at-

in Silesia, and eastern and western Prussia, from Danizic to the frontiers of Russia; but as they have been separated from the other Polish people for more than a century, it is not supposed that they will take any part in the insurrection. cient provinces of Lithuania. White Russia, and Somogitis, from the Russian Governments of Wie no, Vitopek, Grodno Kowno, Minsk, and Mohite. Their population is 4,978,369. These countries have for four years been suffering from scarcity of provisions, and the people are, therefore, in a state of great excitement. The Nobles and e porti, of the people are Roman Catholics; the zest, who were formerly of the United Greek Church, have now became, by choice or force, members of the Schismatic Greek Church, but a great nu obor of the peasantry have refused to acknowledge the Russian bishops who were appointed to succeed thoir priests. There are also a few thousad Poks in the Russo German Governments of Courland and Livonia. to the Ukraine and Little Bassia-riz, the Governments of Volhynia, Kieff, Patolia, Por tawa, Karks, dc, the Nobles profess the Roman Catholic faith, but the people now profess the same religion as the Russians. The population of these Governments, which are of great extent, ammunis to eight millions. What is called the kingdom of Poland, and which is under the authority of Gene. ral Paskewitch, is also of considerable extent, and has a population of 4,769,790. Thus there are in

Gallicia.

4,797,243 Cracow

The Grand Duchy of Posen Lithuanie

145,787 1,200,187

4,978,369

For instance, they call upon Parliament to with. held thanks from the Army of the Sutlej for the victorise of Desember. To withhold that customary approval would be tantamount to a censure on the The news from Washington is starting Co troops-nothing would so dispirit oar soldiery in common done greas has extracted from Mr President Polka di Lodia. So much the better, say the philanthropists. nature; and plomatic correspondence, by which we learn that But stop look at the consequences. Among bar s of a compro his Government has refused to refer the Oregon harian, and, ancombined races, the English power theirs is utterly question to arbitration; and Congress itself has in India rests upon our incomparable strength of ple of such an ar adopted a resolution for terminating the joint coop, arms, Loosen that keystone of our Indian empire, says too much,pany. It la true that the resolution, by the induenca and the whole fabric falls to pieces; there is a Si. of Mit Calhoun and other persons of judgment, has cilian vespers throughout an empire instead of an been so framed as to admit or even to urge a friend-island; the Native races, released from the central settlement within the year; but the Executive control, fall to fighting, as they have done in all Government, to which that settlement must be in past ages-for predominance some, more for exist rustod, is evidently bent upon preventing an amic, epce; nad the comparative peace which now reigns able issue. Indeed, the ground taken up by Mr throughout British India is converted to anarchy, Polk's Foreign Secretary would render a settlement bloodshell, and every horror of war aggravated by impossible. He says, in effect that his Govern every refinement of barbarity and corruption. That ment never will refer the question to arbitration would be a happy issue of peace agitation In fact, that the territorial rights" of the Union cannot the common sense of ordinary people beyond the be made the subject of arbitrement; and be affects pale of the particular enthusiasm is outraged by cast long. When the American Secre to advance some show of reason for such a position, the proposition. Sir Robert Peel, embodying that says be cannot do what the manifest by alleging that the disputed territory is of mare common sense, cordially acknowledges the merits und dignity of the two countries require, he importance to America than to England. What of peace, but asks if we are to stand with our either mean that the Government to which has that to do with the soundness of title? In fact, arms folded and have our throats cat.*** belongs will not do it, or that that Government the American Government seems to set justice at

To come nearer home. Once let it be under- acting under the compulsion of the party, excited nought, and to act upon some other ground not stood that the English nation entertains scruples to madness on this question which carried Mr Polk's avowed-such, for instance, as the notion, common against resorting to arms on any occasion, and The practical question for us is to esper in the Union, that the republic is predestined to aggression would not be confined to our distant Lan the intentions of the American Goverment. absorb the whole American continent. In its pre-dependencies; Canada would not only be overrun 31 Mr Polk and his advisers ane sincerely pacific, sent shape the claim of the United States amounts by Yankee Sympathizers, Lynchers, "Skinners,"

Giving a total of they cannot but succeed there is no obstacle, note this-the Oregon territory is wanted by the Unt and such hordes-the West Indies scrambled for The population of Russia is 63 millions, that of dubculty in the way, except those which they base on the claimants are satisfied of their own life, by buocanters from New Orleans, Duba, Hayli, Austria 37 millions, and that of Prussia 10 millions, themselves created. To bring about a war with us and they will not have it questioned; therefore it is and the Spanish Main-the Cape seized by the independently of the population of the different pro under such circumstances, they must be the worst superior to all forms of judgment upon it. The Anglo-Dutch minority-Australia by sabel convicta vinces of ancient Poland-Galignani's Messenger, platesmen in the world if they do seck it, or the American Government no longer rest upon right, New Zealand by savages, Iudia first by Indians, | Marvels of Modern Science. --We live in the most rash and unprincipled if they deliberately in- but upon will. What is that but a declaration of afterwards by all the warlike nations of the world, midst of marvels-signe in boven, and their reflec tend it. The time is however, come when we ale

war?

another scramble-but deets from every point of, cions upon earth. Planets are anveiling themselves forced to judge of their real motives by their con-

the compass would enter the Thames, the Severn, to the eye of seince that have been hidden duet, and, as they have not encouraged further ar

the Marsey, the...... no, not the Clyde, the since the birth of time; and comets, whose sudden gument, it may not be premature to inquire into

Forth, or the Tay; for we have not presumed the apparition and solitary state in the old day startled the amount of their forces.

bardy and hardheaded Scots to be converted yer, nations and brought perplexity to monarchs, arrive London, Liverpool, and Alanchester--Lincolnshire, now according to appointment, and travel the bigh- Warwickshire, and Devon-would be the scene of ways of space in pairs This pleasant anason a new conquest of multitudinous invaders, more though which the earth has passed, and is passing- ravenous than if Romans, Sen-Kings, Saxons, a season which has encroached on the traditions of Danes, and Normans, had come all together; and Christmas, and, like Boccaccio's inagician, conjur. the scrupulous English would be spectators of the ed up a garden in the heart of wigler has been strangest war ever witnessen on the face of the earth-watching the bloody struggle within their own homes. like sheep surveying the fight between liger, panther, and wolf, for the largest share of the living and contemplative moton. We are not such lost sheep pet.

There are two kinds of war-that for aggression and that for defence. You must persuade the ag- gressor before you can speak to the defender. Preach arbitration, by all means-England will preach it too, and will justify her prooching by her practice; but never let it be supposed that the only alternative for England is, arbitration or surrender. No nation in the world would ever consent to ar- bitration with England in such a case. We have got yet reached that stage of civilization. You accmakers have not yet so far accomplished your task.

Little Russi

The Kingdom of Poland

8,0110 000 4,789,790

23,951,376

fact within the cognisance of every man who looked abroad; but the discovery of is celestial canse was reserved for German philosophy. Prof. Gruithuisen, of Munich-be who discovered the essential connexion between the Goodwin Sands and Tenterden Steeple has found a hole in the sun-the largest hole on record-covering an area of 22,620,000 leagues square-which he probably thinks is big enough to account for anything, and accordingly he sets it down as the store at which the earth has been thus unseasonably forced. It should scarcely be matter of surprise if a theory ex. tracted out of a cavity so overwhelming be found to partake of the character of its birthplace and have a hole in itself- AthenBUM.

Waa! Some people seem to have contracted a notion that the English are afraid of war. The Sikhs thought so. Indeed, we in England do de precale war, Que reason is, that we dislike taxe- We are informed by the prodigious volume of tion; although, no doubt, many should be reconcil. American statistics recently prepared for both ed to that by the immediate profits of a war. And Houses of Parliament by the diligence of Mr Mac.helter modes could be devised of finding resources gregor, that the sunding army of the United States that had yet been suggested in Mr Pit's times. consists of one regiment of dragoons, one regiment But is England the only country in whote war of riflemen, four companies of artillery, and eight would be costly and disastrous? The United States regiments of infantry. The whole number of troops have often been threatened with certain laevitable now in the service is 9,847, exclusive of 78 com- consequences. Canada, perhaps, might be ab- missioned officers. An act of Congress of 1842 sorbed if the Union had peace chewhere; bot reduced the rank and file of the army 3,920 men, otherwise Canada would again be a depository of this reduction is now proceeding, and when it is aggression. What misery would not war inflict pn completed the standing army will consist of 7,500 Michiguo, which scarcely Lnows whether to call non-commissioned offners, musicians, artificers, and itself American or English? Boston, New York, privates. It is true, that if this corps should ap New Orleans, Philadelphia-whither would their pear rather small for the defence of the United trade fly, besset by English blockaders, with only States, and the invasion of a region situated 2,000 a feeble navy to defend it? It would flourish only miles of, on the other side of the American conti in one marine, whose activity might be winked at ment, the militia force of the United States might. by Eugland-the urine of English smugglers. by its numbers at least, have cxcited the envy of What trust could the Union put in the countless, Xurses or Bonaparte. The Army Register for 1843 hands of English, Scoteh, and Irish emigrant ci. contains the appalling announcement, that this tizens, already exasperated by the Native American moltitudinous host is commanded by 627 generals, party ? What trust in the three millions of Black 2,870 general staff officers, 13,818 field officers, slaves--who must either be bribed or exterminated

elaborate tables, prepared by the Registrar-General Marriages in England. - appears, from very 44,948 company officers, being in all 62,205 offi-extermination being ruin for the White owner, cers; nor are these numbers at all excessive, when and disgrace throughout the world.

of births, deaths, and marriages, and o Tuesday What leisure we learn that the forces under their command con- would there be to cope with Mexico in such time ?e willingness to prefer arbitration to war.

The rest of sincerity in professions of peace is laid before Parliament, that the total number of sists of 1.385,645 men! For the purpose of defence You count on the French alliance perhaps? Say long hence, we believe, England will be willing to

Not marriages in 1842, in England and Wales, Wis against a foreign invasion we have no doubt that that England boughs up the sudrages of Mexico, per every question, freely, absolutely, entirely, alone.

118,825; of there, 17,639 were in the metropolis these American citizens would exert themselves and aided a party in that elate to make it a men.

Of this number 26,198 were persons who without qualification, to rational arbitrement had been married before, the proportion being preditably. A considerable number of the younger archy, with a throne for the Prince Joinville and England, who of all countries is really strongest in 15,619 widowers, and 10.579 widows men may even volunteer to take a part in offensive his Brazilius Princess: where would then be the the resources of war.

Thus the operations. But we have no hesitation in saying, French alliance? And the Union, too, would want

But if you ask Englishmen proportion per cent of those who were re-married that to bring an efficient army of even 30,000 men funds; the good name earned by batibust honesty you not only outrage coming sense--the strongest the metropolis. The proportion of annual marria to throw the sword away in the face of the foe, was 11 02 for the whole of England, and 12,34 for Sut the Geld, prepared to march beyond their own after the war of Independence having since been astiacs of nature, self-preservation-bat you make ges to persons of all ages was I in 130 in all Eng- frontiers, is the most arduous task which has ever forfeited by Repudiation." funds could be found devolved upon the Federal Government of the Unit-only in out source-domestic taxation hateful word

men revolt from peace itself, and diminish your own Ined, 1 in 102 in London; the annual marringes ed States, and with its present powers and re-in & republic, whero base is the slave that pays."

numbers as far as fear of being at once defenceless were to the persons aged from 20 to 40, nearly as and ridiculous can deter all but enthusiasts. sources we believe it to be absolutely impracticable. Perhaps they think that England would have

1 to 40 in Eugland, to 37 in the metropolis; or, You do more. The navy of the United States consists of 11 ships scruples" against resorting to these plans. Ay, attached to peace as England is.

No country in the world is so

more exactly, 2.515 per cent and 2.675 (as regards of the line, two of which are afloat, there are re scruples! they are very fine things in peace, but try is so well able to maintain it. She can afford every 186 males and females living in 1842, but No other coun. London) There was, altogether, I marriage to ceiving ships, and six on the stocks or under re-scruples do not hold good in war time; and if Eng to do so because her bravery is proved pairs. The 14 first class frigates of 44 guns are lish Government were squeamish, there are abuod.

She can only 1 person married for the first time to 763 per- the best part of the feet of these four are on the ance of Englishmen, capitalists and adventurers, in most cases, there will be no war unless the party to 3 first marriage to 153 persons living: 11 per do so with most effect because she is strong; and sons living, which may be considered equivalent stocks and three in ordinary. The two 35 gun fri that would save official blushes by doing the pre- most confident in its strength begins the aggression, cent of the persons married had been married be. gates are old. The smaller vessels are 17 sloops of liminary tough work. war, 8 brigs, 9 schooters, and 6 steamers. The fellow in any part of the empire that would manage

There is many a stirring By adopting a strictly defensive policy, therefore, fore, and had been enumerated in the reteros of navy list contains 67 captains, 94 cominanders, 924 toese projects on mere speculation; and no scruples utmost that she can for the advancement of peace of 100,000 males was 1,625; and of 100,000 fems- as she has done for many years, England does the previous years. In 1839, the number married out lieutenants, and 133 passed midshipmen, 410 mid would withhold due reward from, bold saccess, shipmen, and 31 masters. No estimate can be form-

a a principle in the code of civilization. Her power les, 1.553; in 1840, 1,597 mules, and 1,520 females; ed of the real strength of the crews of the American

in that way is based on her physical strength. All in 1841, 1,574 males, and 1,504 females; and in navy, because it is well known that a considerable

great national movements in the world have been 1842, 1,506 males, and 1,439 females, Thus, it proportion of this fleet is manned by British seamen,

Based on physical force; and it remains to be prov will be perceived, there has been a yearly decrease who are attracted by the high pay of the American seeing the chances of war, have set on foot a mo,

Some active philanthropists in this country, fora.ed that force is not a necessary condition to such during that period. The annual average has been, pary in time of peace. But that very circumstance vement to supersede such barbarous struggles by civilization.

movernments. Force has been the great pioneer of however, I io 64 males out of 100,000, and 50 shows the extreme difficulty of manning an Am-international addresses to persuade the nations

It is well that we should not be con females. orican feet in war and especially in a war with that arbitration is a better thing. That object is pioneer and the legislator; but until we know that tent with it-that we should not confound the Their ships are, in fact, worked to a praise worthy and wise. great extent by English mercenaries, a large pro strong in condemnation of a practice which not the religion of peace, let us not throw down our

Nothing can be said too

outside barbarians" are tamed and converted to portion of whom would unquestionably return to only spreads death over the world, but which is at fortifications, disarte oor guards, and in name of

eir own colours on the outbreak of hostilities.

tended by rabble of vices and outrages too hideous peaco expose to destruction the very legislators of tent ourselves with this simple enumer to name. Nothing should be spared to prevent peace. In the name of pesce, we forbid the mad

cea of the United States by land and war, and to establish between nations a custom hope is correct. We know not which has long besa in civilized use for the most Tee Mr Pola may tend to pursue after equitable attainment of justice between man and

abrogation of the treaty of joint man.

Andre she await And here let us say a word for arbitration. Same 168 enterprises past experiments in state abitration between con- expell tending putious have brought discredit on the novel practice because the results of the reference were dings not perfectly satisfactory. Observe, the result can

that scarcely be quite atisfactory to both midos,

Nor

PEACE IN DANGER,

(From the Spectaior.)

sacrifice.

Convivial Blunders.-It is, or might have been, recorded in the opera of Josephus Molaris, that a person at a public dinner, who had drunk to the honour of the two brothers, the Duke of Wellington health of the Adelphi, which bad been proposed in and the Marquis of Wellesley, but who, probably, imagined that the toas: had some relation to the Health of Towca" commission, rose and propo Statistics of the Polish Republic.--The followinging Cross. Of the same nature was the mistake sed the health of his own quarter of the town, Char

provinces which constituted the ancient republic of Mayor, at dinner given to the French ambassa notice of the extent and population of the different of the Mr. Toole of a former day, when the Lord Poland will be read with inter eat at a moment when dors, proposed the health of the three consuls. independent of their present rulers, Galicia, which sor, as the "Heath of the Thee per Cent. Consols. their inhabitants are making an effort, to become This toast was repeated by Mr. Toola's predeces now belongs to Austria, has an extent of 1680 geo- Hip, hip, hip, hurrah!"-Amor's Advantages of a graphical miles, and a population of 4,797,248, Classical Education, nearly all Poles Acout 2,000,000 profess the Unit ed Greek religion, about the same number are Roman Catholics. There are rather more than 250,000 schismatic Greeks, 30,000 Protestants, and one 283,345 Tewa The терць of which Cracow

the capital bas about 21

phical sopara miles, 1846 In and 145187 mhabitante territory and the her a love formen republic, ande

is it probable that it would be perfectly satisfactors to any aide, It is a trulem to say that erfection ven to humanity. Of the three partien

En an arbitration the MPO 1111

it 15 dibel Dertain that

mulately compli

the reford

19

the proedigrate of

SHANGHAI, IMPORTS.

Per New MARGARET, Br. ship, from Liverpool, arrived

TELNER, & Co. 66,837 pieses Grey Shirtings.

5,453

100 better.

149 dadera

by Jour CAKE, and Hongkong

STYLET

Kure, 1846.