728792-1846-24-Jan-1846 — Page 2

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ORIGINAL CORRESPONDENCE.

To the Editor of the Friend of China. Dear Sir, The "Organs" last issue has a note referring to the a Letter of "Alpha's" in which the Editor expresses his opinion that its contents are incomprehensible, as the author of it I am anxious that there should be nothing before the Public that can admit of doubt, and therefore beg you will permit me through your Journal to acquaint the Editor of the Organ that I am ready to uffer full explanation and educe the proof of every point directly stated or alluded to, and much more, if he gives me publicly the opportunity of doing so, and if Omega's" Letter should be published so as to allow me time before the mail leaves, I will undertake to meet every part he may have attempted to contradict in mine,

In the mean time the Editor of the Organ will have no cause to complain by my expressing the conviction that his non- comprehension of my letter of the 14th inst, probably arises for mental obliquity..

Yours &c. &c

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Nov. 12 Sept. 23

CHUSAN SHANGHAI

8

Doc. Jany, Jany. 13

AND HONGKONG GAZETTE. VICTORIA, SATURDAY, JANUARY 24, 1816.

CANTON..

THE FRIEND OF CHINA AND HONGKONG GAZETTE.

Admiting that the trade of Hongkong is į render it valuable to a great maritime country perfectly insignificant-less than it was two like England is obvious; but we object to the years ago we are by no means inclined to attempt winch has been made to exaggerate think that such will always be the case. It is its value at the expense of Hongkong. If Sir the opinion of many, that but for the restricHenry Pottinger erred in his selection-and tions which have been put upon it by the pre- that is a matter of opinion--his error is that of sent Governor, and the injury it has received the government which he represented, and that from the advantage the Chinese rulers take of government cannot now repudiate his actions one or two clauses of Sir Henry Pottingers treaty, we would now have had such a share

It is with real concern that we observe a grow. of the commerce of China as would induce Merchants to retain, branches of their establishing desire in the East to trifle with the solemn ments in the colony. Unfortunately, however, obligations of the Pottinger treaty. Our Indian the policy of our own rulers has been unfavo- Correspondent has suffered himself to be swayed by the popular tone. England, it appears, through able to incal commerce, and the consequence

some strange inadvertence or error, has prepared has been the removal, or contemplated remo-

for herself a great mortification. Having really all

CHUSANY:

suspicion. The philology of that singular langungo was submitted to a new investigation to ascertain whether the terms in which Hongkong, had been transferred, were equally understood by both par- ties to imply a perpetuity of concession. All was right. All is right. The treaty was in good faith. the world it behoves us to take care that we are and has been faithfully observed. In the theatre of not the first to break it, and that a war, equivocal- ly commenced, shall not be still more, or rather still less, equivocally renewed,

But might we not safely leave China and Franco to the embarras ments and revenges which would be the sure and spontaneous result of so preposte. rous an ariangament? What has France to do with China? Do the French drink ten? Do they export cotton-twist and calicoes? Do the Chinese drink wine, or import lace and silks? Do they want

Ne advertisements, will be received, until 4 ¦ val, of at least six firms to Canton. It may be the islands of the Chinese sea to choose from, and clocks and fancy workboxes? In fact, once out of O'Clock, on the evenings previous to publi. { believed that in the course of years a more N. | having by the accident of war made a very good Europe, and what has France to offer but the bo

beral policy will obtain, and--though slowly choice, she threw away her advantage in the hour

yonet, the bullet, and the shell? Her destiny is we predict that the commercial prosperity of of negotiation, and is now under the painful neces

great, but it is only European. A spell retains ber Hongkong will advance. Irrespective of the sity of relinquishing the better choice and abiding hetween a few mountains and seas-within she operations of buying and selling, Hongkong has by the worst. She first pitched on Chusan which lives-without she destroys Coleny" in her lan

was found to be beautiful, fertile, and populous,quage is a term of second intention, denoting, a commercial advantages not possessed by Chu- san. It must be borne in mind that Canton is with something like a European climate, command certain military position of peculiar difficulty. still the part of foreign trade in China-especiing the entrance of the chief river of the empire, Trade is a misnomer for intrigue. The merchant ally the trade with India, which is greater than and, indeed, all the eastern and northern coasts, ships she sends to Polynesia and Australasia are that with Europe. It thus become necessary it happened, also, to be of somewhat larger dimenfreighted with death, and return with calamity. FRIEND OF CHINA at the houses engaged largely in the Indian sous than the barren rocks we have usually deThey effect no business except they have the good and coast trade, have some point from whence lighted to honour with the meteor flag of En- fortune to meet with a market of blood. The re- gland. "Nothing could be better, and at home allations established by these means vanish with tho they direct their operations, despatch their ves sels, and carry on their correspondence. Failing However, thanks to a little bad discipline, and to sent out many embassies, many missions, many co- were in ecstacies with so charming conquest smoke in which they are generated. France has Hongkong, they would choose Macao as in

some villanous description of spirit the Chimamelonies, many expeditions. Where are the results? former years. The arrival and departure of the had left in their cellars, the troops got very unhea Sean the terrestrial globe, turn it round and round, English and Indian's nails is another advantage thy, and, as usual, the climate was traduced. Chu-trace the shores, scan the oceans

Senrce one re. san was condemned, and the barren rock of Hongsult it left. Let France send her frigates and war. which the foreign Merchant derives from Hongkong, and one of which he would proba-kong, the resort of pirates and snugglers, was de steamers. Let her occupy Chusan with 20,000 bly be deprived were Chusan made a British liberately preferred. In the fanious Pottinger trea

Let her spend millions'in fortifications, in colony. In the event of any very serious dis-ty, we bound ourselves to give up Chusau as soon

pusts, in cordons, nad •ncientés. Bootless and ridi. as the whole of the compensation money should culous ahumanity! To little purpose bave you so turbances at Canton, Hongkong would be a place of refuge to nearly all the foreign Mer- have been paid. The last instalment of sycee silverentielly disfigured the bosom of that peaceful sea! chants-prejudice would take a few to Macao, will be paid to a day, and from that day. we have Something unpleasant happens at hometour re- but choice and interest would induce most of nothing to do with Chusan.

lations are happily disturbed, and Chusan is Unfortunately this is not all. Five ports were them to settle here. It becomes a question whether the trade of Canton would not follow, opened by this treaty to the trade of the world, When we look upon the hostile feelings man. They were selected with the greatest care, and fested towards foreigners by the inhabitants of partly in accordance with information obtained

through some rather lawless researches pushed the provincial city, such a calamity as the de- in anticipation of an outbreak, at the pirate su struction of the foreign factories is not improbgestion of the Company. In fact, we had already

The Plido came to with Commissary General Miller yesterday and returned in the afternoon The indemnity money was paid several days ago, and put on board H. M. S. Vestal.

There have been no farther riots in the city, nor any chops issued since those referred to in our last. We presume the Pluto will remain off the factories at least until after the holydays, and the other vessels of war be kept at Whampoa

HONGKONG VERSUS CHUSAN. The affairs of China appear at length to at. tract attention in England. The Times has a long article on Chusan, and it is said that the ention of that island has been discussed at meetings of the Cabinet,

we

In

men.

Ord.

It is in vain for you to establish outposts furteen the sand miles from your European citate!

We shall carry on the war from India, as we did before. What is your point d'appui, what your resting. place between Cherbourg and Chutsav 7 die res men robis. We shall qactly occupy your forts, your

great body of the people, are but badly inform- 1 British naval station, bo near the chief port of at those very ports. It is now discovered that three We can afford to be just, and leave China to deaf

trade.

our ambitious and imitative rivals. We are to su“.

with Chusan as her own discretion and good taský,

may suggest.

馥

of the newly-arquired ports are good for nothing ed as to the relative merits of Hongkong and

Much has been written in favor of the harbor as places of trade, viz., Amoy, Foo-chow-foo, and Chusan-even the Times blunders woefully in

It is taken at Chusan. It is good, but in no particular Ningpo. There is more British trade carried on

Happily for the peace if the world, there bap. its remarks upon the two islands. for granted that Chusan is a place with a large superior or even equal to that of Hongkong at Chusan in a month then in those three places pens to be no real ground for the Indian rumour in a year. We merely gained a loss, therefore, by teat France had procured from the clestial Ban trade, and that Hongkong is without trade en-which is pronounced by naval men in bo one tirely. Now this is nearly correct as refers to of the finest in the world. England requires a stipulating to give up Chusun, which we had in our

probable enough. That Fraper, indeed, should Hongkong, but incorrect as refers to Chusan, naval station on the coast of China, with docks grasp, and might call our own, in exchange for there the reversion of Chosan. The idea was in that being the seat of but a very trifling foreign where H. M. Ships may be repaired without worthless privilege of entering three tradeless and wish for Chuson, and even ask for it. is not ineon-

unfriendly ports,

sistent with the tenor of her, aspirations There commerce. Viewing the two islands commer- the delay and the expence of sending them to

Something still more vexatious remains. It is are persons,—and these not the most remarkable cially, Chusan is to Shanghai what Hongkong India. She is already in possession of a good is to Canton-that is, should trade be driven harbour; though as yes we have not heard that, though we canant imagine on what authority for successful acquisition who appear deeply in that by the secret articles of the separate treaty hued with the sentiment that nothing is lest by ask from Shanghai it would fix itself at Chusan, it has been determined to take due advantage | contracted by France, with the Celestial Empire. | ing; and if the French havi too keen a sense of no sooner has the last British bayonet disappeared their national honour, to condescend to vain im- From Chian than the island is to be given up to portunities, it must be admitted that they don't see the wisdom of repressong the cravings of fruit. for the galling sore and reprim ch of seeing Chisan less ambition. The improbability, therefore, of We will declare at once that such a secret treaty as inte set forth das not a French possession. we cannot give credence to so impossible a surmise. Le on the side of France. That China, hoivever, China has shown herself fat too generous and far should give nre of her most beautiful islands, and. too wise to perpetrate so gratuitous an insult to us most cherished provinces, to an absolute stranger. -so unnecessary a mischief to herself England wham at present she neither loves nar fears, is ut- is enough without France; and China has shown terly inconceivable. China has no territory to spare no disposition to handle that most dangerous of A vast number of her people are born. and live, nud die on the water, Forced by were lack of edge tools, playing off one enemy against another Clive indeed found an Indian Prince, and an Ku- ropean nation, besotted enough to dupe one another throw away fertile and popalous districts. Indeed, room to build fluating cities, she can ill afford to to their mutual discomfiture. But nature has given she has displayed quite as great a value for terris China greater simplicity than graced the old dy-tory as the great nation herself, or any other meni- nasties of Bengal, and experience has impered to ber of the European brotherhood, It certainly Fronce a discretion at that time unknown to Hol.

cost her a pang to part with the few acres of bar- land. We will not believe that China and France

ren rock and clay which are all that we ath ever are secretly sworn to a compact which China would likely to call our own in the Chinese spas. We os know full well could ansiter no earthly purpose but little expect to see that highly-civilised rev, barter- annoyance to England.

ing their flocks and their herds for glass bugies, as returning with the gift of integnil portions of their empire the interested civilities of an outlan dish" and "larburous” triba,~-~- Tinės, ~--~

SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.

Common sense indicates

JANUARY,

ARRIVALS,

SAILED.

were hata Batton & Word by wealth at reguses for repairing vessels of war. It is to that a British colony, and were trade of it by forming a navy yard, with all tho nther Hongkong. Whether the probability of such the navy the British Merchants in China must an occurrence at the great northern mart is look for protection, and in the present aspect of sufficient to induce her Majesty's Ministers to affairs, Hongkong is the place where the naval commit a gross breach of national faith may be force requires to be stationed, with small ves- a matter of opinion. We think it is not; for sels at the Consular ports as stipulated for by though such things may have occurred in the treaty, days of Clive antl Hastings, they are so totally As regards climate, Chusan has the advant opposed to the feelings of the people of Engage of Hongkong, though on this subject there has also been much misrepresentation. That land, that they would not be tolerated in an age when every step of public men is measured | Hongkong was very sickly in 1842 and 1843 a bairs breadth. The permanent retention is undeniable, 1844 was also a bad year, though of Chusan we consider as impossible, unless it the deaths were chiefly among the military with is fairly bought and paid for, or until in some a few Civilians not acclimated. 1815 has more future war with China-should such a calamity fully tested the climate, many of the causes be unavoidable-it is again conquored. Chu- of malaria having been removed, and it is now san is not a place of trade, nor would it be admitted that the climate is good-better than even as a British colony, unless commerce the average within the tropics.--It is true, that was much sickness among were drawn to it by the encouragement of the in 1815, there Jocal Government. Were it colonized, like the troops, but at no time can that be taken as

Unquestionably such a transaction would partake Hongkong it would be a heavy expense to the a criterion of climate. Their quarters have home government, and of little advantage to been bad, their food probably indiferent, and of a hostile character both on the part of China commerce, unless, as we have already hinted, they are of necessity exposed to the Sun, also and on that of France. a liberal and a wise local government held out to night dews, whilst on guard. Great as the that what is obnoxious is wear skin to hostility. great inducements to Native merchants to make mortality among the troops has been, it hasThe prestige of British sovereignty will still cling it the grand emporium for the North; and con- not in any season been equal to that among H. to Civisan, and many years must clipse before a sidering the bigotted, narrow minded, ignorant, 31. 26th Regiment when quartered at Chusan rival intrusion will cease to offer evident violence

to British recollections and honour. Moreover, 21, Stalhart, Dickson, Calcutta. and tyrannical measures of most British colo- during the late war. It is said that the sick- nial governments, and that of Hongkong espeness which carried off the greater part of the very part of the world's circumference now tears, Ariel, Burt, Namot.

a painful testimony to the colonial, or rather im- [22, William Jardine, Sinall, London 9th Sept. cially, during Lord Stanley's administration of 20th was caused by bud quarters and bad pro-perial, incompatibilities of England and France. 22, Dart (Am), Baylis, Shanghai colonial affairs, there is no reason to suppose visions: probably such was the case, but so far They are too great, too noble, too ascendant, to be 23, H. C. Str. Pluto, Com. Airy, Canton, that Chusan would be dealt with more fairly as quarters are concernel the same observation close neighboure in the field of ambition and en. than Hongkong. Certain it is that British Mer applies to Hongkong during the worst years terprise at home they may dwell as brethern, JANUARY, chants would not again allow themselves to be (1842 and 1943) and indeed to a certain ex- secure in their ancient, boundaries; but abroad, 21, Preciosa (Sp), Pardo, Mucan. inveigled into building, until they saw a de- tent to the present day. It is not merely that Sol where they are on the move, two auch master-spints 22, Loorhon (Am), Hatch, Whampoa. termination on the part of the local government diers are more exposed to desease than Civis cannot safely chish. They must choose their sex, Warlock, Jauncey, Cursington. to encourage commeree and support their in- lians, but even after they are sick, they labour veral fields of honour. The cession of Chutan to 32. Ariel, Bust, talenta

the French would be too like a triumph and too | 12, Woodbridge, Poulton, London, terests. Supposing that Chusan were colo- under disadvantages which reader their recs-

REPORTS. Civilians when convales. like a duftat, col to aggravate the pride of one nized, it would not be a great mart for years, Į very inore doubtful. and the assertion put forth by the Times, that cent are ordered a change of climate, and they party, not to disturb the equaninity of the other. there is more British trade carried on there in usually remove to Macao, or take a sea voyage, Grant that the treaty might allow it sull-summum a month than at Amoy, Ningpo and Foo-chow-but the poor Solder cannot avail himself of jas summa injuria-though renean might acquiesce foo in a year, is quite incorrect. It is true that such a privilege, he remains in the colony, has

Three, however, are comviderations five others at the two last named ports little has been done a relapse and dies, or the desease becoares

rather than for ourselves. They win furnish in- as yet, nor at one of them (Ningpo) will there chroat and he is invalided with a constitution tolerable provocative must be answerable for the almost inevitable resul For ourselves, car ever be a great outlet for manufactured goods shattered for life.

The cession of Chusan to France we have or Indian produce, as it is too near Shanghai,

Brst anxiety should be to falill to the very letture as which port being contiguous to, and having as looked upon as a bugbear. Flance has no tra-

compact which has been so far laterally buitilled Ke island communication with Suchu,-the chiefde that would warrant the expense of a mili-

darca 03. If there ever was a national 'get unani- seat of the silk trade, and probably the greatest (tary colony on the coast of China, nor do we mourly ratified by the whole people, it was the inland commercial city in China-will con. (believe that she is auxious for such a costly famous Pottinger freaty. All parties. Minister, ex- tinue to be the northern rival of the southern bauble. If however, she longs after Chusan, | Mister, the chetropolis, the patien, mverkantą, enty of Canton, but as refers to Amoy we ap- fand China is willing to part with it, we cannot cenukeisters, operiting, and Pa lament, onted prehend that it is now a larger marketfor in- see that Great Britain has any reasonable ub-in juisitions for the treaty and in hondee to the ported goods than Chusan, and it is more likelyjeción to ruske-America is the second cop, to be a port of export, Chusen with all its mercial nation to the traile of China, and her beauty has nothing to support trade within ade will probably increase, bat she cast itself, neither has Hongkong; but the informant (konize anywhere, it being contrary to the con of the Tones is wrong in asserting that Rice stitution to hold favien poxeminds. and Fish (the chief articles of consumption a- mong the Chinese) are cheapest at the Brez island. The reverse is the fact; for though Hongkong does not grow Rice, it can be me ported from India at a lower figure than it can be grown at Chusan.

our hearts would infana- us of a wrong,

4 he the

tawba was its catene blir instrument. ingen trezy has been diyoified jato en sprek of the glory of accomplishing it in behalf of the workt the work's history. To Eagled only appertained.

Thanks Enson, Whampion, John Christian, Thomas, Whampion. Proustimaker Adler (Pruss), Schutt, Wlumpoa.

SINGAPORE SUIPPING,

ARKIVALE

the, Bombay Castle, Frames, Manila 27th Nov,

10, Sophia Fruter, Mackelfar,China Zuch Navi, 11, Sir W. Wallace, Hose, China 24th Nov. H, Audar, Oliver, Cnleutta 25th November, 12. Puppy, Cole, Macan 2nd Deptober. 13, Brigand (Post), Mrcas 29th November! 13, Wule Witch, Reynell, Macay Air Ber. 15. May G. Webber, Amay 30th November. 17. Anna Flize, Grainger, Macam #til. Dec. 14, Nir H, Comptue, Brown, Macao Lith E 15, Bed Borer, Mc Murds, Hoong 11th fie. 15. Felis Vienna (Port), Vacho Fish Free. 20, Pura Mombarruh, Maru, Ching Bath Dess. 24, Pauline (Brem) Laradon, Manila 10th Dec, 24. Elisabeth. Perking, Amay

Nor could is la statistered dafcices in those petik. lar shantages with which nevors are wool to he We have perhaps me into the merits of remréé. Besides an actual cession of territory, Chusan med. Hongkong further than may be pe-

car femre and kacigoitiga ricettet ample cimpen. ecstory, as we are rated that the British arion Paguera has been made with a pinctuel. Gnveramor will keep good faith with Chingy cicows is the fethiment of European cosa- end restore the pledge lamused to her. That Geete The termo more of our bab detation. 1 Aday, Chosen pussceice Miranings which would · Caja suormitted to le celet which even excited

9. Fecha (8p), put back from the China nea, 26, Prince of Wales, Jopes, put back from the

Chlou sim,

30%, Guess, Viherly, Awsy Vah Decembesy

2. Eleperunna (Put), Sennd, Mumo Bed De 3. Arduaner. Brams, Bolabay th December,