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,
SEPTEMBER 1844.
3A M
THE FRIEND OF CHINA AND HONGKONG GAZETTE,
ORIGINAL CORRESPONDENCE,
the ground ready to extinguish any sparks that may be blown across the road.
His Excellency the Goremor; the Commander, of the forces, Colonel Reignolds, and various other military and naval officers were on the ground, an xious, if possible to be of service by their example and
presence.
To the Editor of the Friend of China. -
Canton, 15th October, 1848, SIR,In your recent editorial touching the present psi- tion of foreign residents in Canton, I was in hopes you would have referred to the circumstanes that British sub jects in common with all other outside barbatians con- tinne entirely excluded from within the walls of the city, the largest and most interesting portion of this vast em
From a Montreal paper we copy the particulars poriam. At all the other Consular Ports in China for eigners go every where without let or hindrance within of one of the most disastrous fires upon record. Out and without the walls. Would it not be well to stir up the of a populations of 35,000 souls, 20,000 are house remembrance of H E. Governor Davis relative in his less, and many of them rendered completely destitute Oficial Notification, published in the China Mail" dot long since stating that having on his arrival in China It is difficult even to imagine the suffering that the found the gates of Canton city contrary to the Treaty populace most undergo during the approaching closed against British subjects he was DETERMINED they winter in such a climate. They have strong claims should be thrown open 1 What is the MEANING of this Notification I can state knowingly that one of the grand upon their humane countrymen in all pirts of the world; and we rejoice to learn that the local govern. causes why foreigners continue to be despised by the Can- ton populace is because of this perfect exclusion from the ment have approvated £5,000, and the Home govern- inner city. On this subject both the British and United ment £20,000 towards the relief of the sufferers States Consuls have, during the past few months, carried. This is but a small sum to divide among so many on unavailing negotiations with H. E. Governor Keying. The chief argament H. E. employs is that he has nego claimants. but it will provide for the immediate de tinted Treaties with the Ministers of Feigland, France and mands of the most necessitous, and ere it is expent the United States and although he has held personal inter-ed, the voluntary contributions of others will doubt views with the Plenipotentiaries of each of these nations less put the Authorities in possession of a large sum in Canton, yet not one of them was ever wITHIN the city for the same laudable purpose. Mr. Everett, the new United States Minister, will be here in a week or two he will have it in his power either to strengthen or abolish the force of the above argument,
After the amount of blood and treasure, which have been expended why should British and Foreign inter- course and chameter be allowed to continue compromised. solely by the CANTON populace? And why should the Consul be left respectfully to REQUEST [and be refused) that which would be granted without the ring of a gun if DESTANDED by Governor Davis as II. M. Plenipotentiary Will your pon a hint or two on this subject?
Yours &c.
TREATY. NOTE. We conene in the sentiments expressed by Treaty" nor have we quite neglected the sub ject, as he would observe in our last issue. We are in hopes that His Excellency will redeom his pledge with reference to his determination to have the gates of Canton opened to foreigners. We think he will; at all events Keying is coming to Hongkong, and as we say in Scotland, "it is not for nothing the Gled whistles."
EDITOR F. of Ch
To the Editor of the Friend of China. SIR,---If in colonial recollections do not deceive me, it is customary for Colonial Governors to publish, for general information, the correspondence between themselves and the Colonial office on all points of local interest. Can you inform me on this point, as, to the inhabitants of this colony, it is of the greatest consequence that they should be acquainted with the statements put for by an Executive
in which they have lost all confidence.
in
Meteorological Register for one year from August 1844, to August 1845, kept or board of a Ship near Chapel, Island East Coast of China.
9 A.
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9 r. H.
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3003 80 79 78
30, 80 79 785
29 99 79 79 776] S. W.
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301, 179 78.
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10 Lemong
Remarks &c. de
MIDNIGHT
Your mo. obt. Servant, "A COLONIST."
ICE
We direct attention to an advertisement from the
Com uittee of shareholders, who arem king arrange ments for the receipt of an early supply of ice next
·season.
It is desirable that those who have not sub scribed to the undertaking, would do so at an early date, as this may in some degree regulate arrange ments. The advantages of having shares, are the certainty of receiving it at a moderate price, and a preference over those who are not shareholders should the demand exceed the supply.
On the score of comfort, we need not allude to to that derived from ice in the summer months; in sickness it is grateful, and also beneficial to the suf
ferer.
We understand that the first cargo is ex pected in April; so that shareholders may expect a daily supply during the ensuing warm weather.
We heartily concur in the sentiments expressed by a passenger in the Midas; and we can also testify to the urbanay of her commander, and his attention to Our correspont says. "I the duties of his vessel arrived here por "Midas" yesterday morning at past 5 after a fine run of 11 hours We had about 18 passengers. This undertaking is of real public utility, and deserves a little public notice, as it in volved a great expense on the part of the spirited American projector; as also great credit and some thanks to the kind, hearty, Commander, Capt. Poor, who brought the vessel round the Cape"
Ordinance No. 10 of 1845 (published last issue) for the naturalization of aliens within this colony, is, in our humble opinion, the most important or- Jinance that has passed the Legislative Council of Hongkong, and it will tend (if sanctioned) most ma terially to benefit the colony, to fix the value of pro- perty, and to add to the colonial revenue, without having recourse to those illegal exactions which have proved an injurious.
We heed not premise our observations upon this ordinance by stating, what must be generally known, that it is opposed to the constitution of England, which does not admit of the naturalization of foreigners, except by an act of parliament for each individual case, and even then the foreign subject is under certain restrictions as to holding of office &c. The present ordinance is one of a purely local na- ture, and not intended to encroach upon the general rule, that allegiance is only claimed from those. bora in the Briish dominion, or if out of it, born of English parents, and that no foreigner can obtain the privileges of a British subject except by special It is one of those local acts, act of parliament. which, though opposed to the constitution of Eng. land, is still deserving of the sanction of Her Ma jesty's governinent, as it is intended to-benefit the colony-does not extend beyond its limits-nor does it encroach upon the rights or interests of those who are born B itish subjects, There is a distinc- tion between this ordinance and may of its predeces- sors, a distinction which we wish our readers to mark, and which we sincerely hope has not escaped the attention of the Legislature. For local purposes it is often necessary in colonies to enact laws, which are inpplicable to the state of society in the United
paid to the inherent rights and privileges of English- Kingdom, but in these enactments regard is ever man. It is to the disregard which this government has too often shown for those rights and privileges in their paltry attempts at coercion by a registration act bassed upon insolent and intolerable enquiries into the parentage, the family and domestic affairs of the community, which at an early stage in His Excellency's career excited disgust among the in- habitants. To men equally well born, of equal standing in society, of equal moral character, with those who attempted to coerce them, the measure was in every respect most unpalateable; nor was there anything in the future acts of the government at all calculated to regain the confidence which they had lost.
Unable to carry inquisitorial insolence, they fell back upon martial law; that act was de nounced by Her Majesty in council Foiled in two- attempts to encroach upon the personal rights of their countrymen, they made a bold attack upon the right of private property by an illegal assess
ment. Between these three acts and the one for the The Didas is obtaining that support which she naturalization of aliens may be observed the illegi deserves; and the prejudice in favor of the comfor timate and the legitimate exercise of coloni 1 legis table conveyance by fast-boat, is giving way belative founctions--the first is an iniquitous encroach- fore the greater attractions of steam. tile community, time and punctuality are of the first importance; the Midas saves the one, and enables her passengers to keep the other,
FIRE AT CANTON.
To a mercan
NoTe-We believe that it is not always com pulsory on Colonial Governors that they publish their despatches to and from the colonial office. It is customary, however, and with some experience the West Indian, South American, North Ame- rican and Australasian colonies, we do not remem-
ment upon the rights of Englishmen the second ber that this very satisfactory step was ever neglected. Upon this point Lord Stanley in a recent despatch
is an endeavour to advance the interest of the co- t the Lieut. Governor of the penal settlement of
long, by an act which though not strictly in ac- cordance with constitutional laws, is solely of a Van Dieman's land. recomends that he publish for
local nature, and does not deprive the English part general information all his communications with the Colonial office and answers thereto, on the receipt
of the community of any of their rights of birth, of the answers, except such as are marked confiden. On Sunday about past 1. a most alarming The advantages which the colony will derive It is of the first tial.
fire broke out among the mat sheds occupied by peo from this ordinance are evident. We fully concur with our correspondent in ple employed as Carpenters &a. in the rear of the importance o our present and future prosperity opinion as to the desirableness of this community, intended new Consulate. It raged for about two hours that respectable Chinese be induced to settle here, being made acquainted with His Excellency's des destroying all inflamable material within its reach, investing their funds in property and bringing to patches to the Colonial Office, and it is equally im- including a large quantity of timber, building mate the port a share of the commerce, of their country. portant that those with the foreign office be also rials, joiner work &c. The damage to the buildings Perhaps to effect this no better plan could have been made public. Nothing can be more reasonable was not great as they were not in a forward state. devised than naturalization. Once acknowledged as than this. With a secrect council, whose sentiments The fire extended so for rear-ward as to threaten with British subjects, they have no longer cause to dreact are hide from the public, and who incur no respon immediate destruction the four spacious new houses the interference of the officials of their native land sibility for their actions, it becomes doubly necessary recently erected in that Hong The Parsee Ilong, with their commercial operations, and on the island that we be made aware of the opinions which the separated only by Hog-lane from the flames, was they are protected inviolate from the cruel hws of their country, and the extortions of those who are Governor transmits to the home government, of the covered with mats and dried palm leaves, as were state of the colony, its requirements, and its future the houses in the adjoining Hong, and nearly all the in power. Though the early days of the colony prospects. The same necessity exists with reference factories were in a similar state. The wind forta have been gloomy enough, through mismanage to his despatches relative to trade, and our relations nately was light, and from the westward. Had ment and mistaken ideas of the duties of colonial with China. Were Sir John Davis a person in whom then been a south east breeze, as usual at this period, legislation, we have ever been of opinion that,. we had the most unlimited confidence, this hole and there would have been in all probability a total de sooner or later, our rulers would be awoke to a due corner system of governing, and these secret com- struction of the only clump of buildings which has sense of their true functions, and that the advantages The authorities of a free port, and a favorable position for trade, munications with Her Majesty's government would be escaped previous conflagrations. unpleasant. We opine, that those chiefly interested (Chinese) were on the alert, and were soon on the under the laws of a civilized country, would gra-- in this matter, are the proprietors of land in the co-spot with soldiers and some of the highest officials dually result in the advancement of Hongkong. We may be too sanguine in our anticipations, but lony, and the Merchants engaged in Chinese com in the neighbourhood. They were much more atten
The Hong coolies and engines we hail this ordinance as an earnest of better things merce, yet they are completely in the dark, and their tire than of yone. interests are intrusted to an Executive in which they mastered very strong, and were, as nual, most from the present Executive; sure we are that a have little faith, and whose mis-statements they have effective; a subscription is now getting up for them. continuance of their past legislative career can only not even an opportunity of contradicting. We are Many Ladrones were seen hovering about in the terminate unpleasantly to themselves, and die- the more convinced of the imperative necessity of evening, but they were kept in check by the metastrously for this community. The tenure by which these documents being made public, from the answer sures taken by the Mandarins, and the only serious land is he will certainly militate to some extent made by the acting Colonial Secretary to the land loss we hear of, is a box of treasure belonging to a against such a desirable attainment as on influx holders in acknowledging the receipt of a memorial. Parsee merchant: the Parsees and Arabs having of respectable natives; but even with that draw for transmission to Lord Stanley. Ifthe Executive turned out with their valuables which they carried to back, naturalization in a few, years will draw had the temerity (effrontery?) to put forth such state the American garden,and there kept guard over them to the protection of our flag may capitalists ments, where they could be so readily refuted, we Among the other foreign merchants-American, who live in dread of extortion. As in Bombay, a may imagine the nature of those transmitted to the English &c.-there was a good deal of alarm, and large portion of the real estate of the colony will books, treasure &c. was packed up for a run, fall into the hands of the eastern subject, giving it colonial and foreign offices.
That Sir John Davis is reluctant to make public should the fire have extended to their Hongs. a positive value, which now it has not many of Lord Stanley's despatches we can readily There are various surmises as to the origin of the in the east are but birds of passage; they come believe-particularly those referring to the inquisi- fire, though there is no doubt that it was purely ac with the sole intention of making money and retiring. Some say it broke to their native land to enjoy it, and possibly there torial registration act, the martial law act, and the cidental, or through negligence branding and mutilating act, but the feelings of out in a Carpenter's shop; some in Cook shop; is not one on the island, who has any intention of the individual should never be opposed to the rights others that it was caused by the carelessness of men remaining longer than he can accumulato a fortune, of the commandy.
EDITOR F. of C.
employed in slicking line for Chunam.
or a competence, according to his idens of its amount, With the Chinese subject it would be LATEST · DATES.
On looking over an old file of Australian papers different. This would be his home, be here would August 25
we discovered a short address from the Settlers of be among his own people; in a congenid climato ; 15. SIXFAPORE
13 Nelson to the commander of H. MS. Hasard, which in possession of the comforts to which he is accus- Sept
MLSILA August 12
Cocsix
12 contains a well merited tribute to the courage of tamed; and above all protected from these exactions Banditat
39 himself, officers and crew, who in the most devoted | which in Canton and other ports of China, makes mander opposed their small force to the numerous the rich man live in fear and trembling," and Body of armed savage, who were hurrying to attack compels him to disguise his actual condition,
In a commercial light the advantages to be gain-
EVLASP
UNITED STAtes June GALCUTTA
Bognar
SEPET
Sept. 1 August 8
Sept. Ochi Sept. Sept Sept
30
8-
AND JONGKONG GAZETTE. VICTORIA, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBE) 21m, 1815.
"To the Acting Commander, David Ilobertion, Her Majesty's Ship Hasard. 822 - The Sortera of Aphans who have signed the menu-
Europeans
THE FRIEND OF CHINA the defenseless fimilis of their countryma
It is gratifying to hear of Commander Robertson'sed by the residence of respectable Chinese are equal- promotion, and that honorable mention of his servicely important. Presuming that His Excellency, Sir. was made in parliament by the Premier
John Davis, in his approaching interview with Keying, will insist upon the removal of all those obstructions which have been thrown in the way of China merchants desirous to trade with this coly opened to the residents of Hongkong, and some por- direct a new field for colonial operations will be ton of the coating trade, including nearly all that of Foo chow-too, will pass through the colony, giv ing to it a prosperity which a has hither, been without
Last night about ) past 8 o'clock a fire broke out in the Chinese village below West point, which mat concur in espring the adoursant with which the nearly destroyed all the buildings on the South side moet of your wars conduct at the Bay of Llanda has
inspired theat of the road. The military, and seamen from the
Dintaining dan gamlanis un potez which would yield to squadron, where on the spot with their usual slacteunposted lace whatever has hitherto best sand 15, and every exertion was used to extinguish the bonsai g Brits, day hard and the warmest - flames, but to very lule purpose From ty tne / probaton of the promptitude win air), 18 3 SPAD CA flamable material of which the hoares were failus, you the realmost single has twen
In the revenue-which with the governIKON Ap (wood and palm leaves) and the strong N E. vid Icke kilos siguen and the luzea if rosed that was blowing, the fire spread with the greatest with his posted a sily gate small size, till with pears to be the main ponsifier will she be an play. At the hour at which we go to pres-- a broken sword and many monker hat is your body. y aprovement from the demand for tarilding sites. Any 10 o'clock there is every likelihood of the destron were carried ones the fold of taste. tape considerable increase apon the prowat ground rent They regue that for convey that officers and | (217,000 per sunum) weekt suffice, weh the other tions of the entire south side of the village; the hooves on the north side- next the water-ills of the Hecies who wily storet extions of lieces, any fur, to deftay all the civil
iyos on that occase, the sense of their pelluce dander
expenditure of a moderne etabluhment such as the I probably to mid, as several fire cogies are coerced by the Beatless of piciam. *
sarigna Shet i penting down ago fame of the entlasty.
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