FOR SALE.
FEW beautifully Polished Sinte Slabs and
Table tops of various patterns. Apply to
T. J. BIRDSEYE.
Victoria, 24th June, 1845. UST RECEIVED.-And now opened for sale Ja few Solar Lamps, Hanging, Side and Table, Also a few Bedroom bathing Chairs, a luxurious article.
P. TOWNSEND,
Victoria, 20th May, 1845.
** JUST RECEIVED,
AND now open and for sale by are
delay as
quantity of goods of superior quality as
follows:
Superior Hams. Ditto Starch. Do. Smoked Beef superior article Vinegar, a quantity of Herbs, Cheese, Choice Beeftongues, in convenient packages, Champaigne Cider. Bologna Saus ages. Americap Chairs.
ALSO
A quantity of Superior American Butter being the of best ever brought to the colony. A quantity French Prunes, in excellent order, in glass jars and
P. TOWNSEND. Olivea Oil.
FOR SALE, the undersigned, Mackerel in half bbls, South BY American Olives in Kegs.
P. TOWNSEND. UST RECEIVED and on sale a quantity of North American Oats, a superior article for feeding cattle,
P. TOWNSEND.
MEMOIR ON THE RESIDENCY OF THE NORTH-WEST COAT OF BORNEO. (Continued from No. 85.)
THE FRIEND OF CHINA AND HONGKONG GAZETTE.
In addition to the articles mentioned as consum- their forests, mining and the cultivation of their | ladangs. A small trip of coarse cotton clothed by the Daya and Chinese, the Malayu, Ugi, and fbarely sufficient to cover those parts nature tea- Arabs require a few finer Indian and European ches them to conceal) called a chawat which is piece goods, Celebean and Javanese ditto, waw silk, often made of bark, and sometimes a kind of waist- manufactured silks, and a little broad cloth. coat, and bend handkerchief, forms their dress bends and brasswire their ornaments, galt their luxury, tobacco their passion and iron is necessary for their tools and arms. These articles are taken to them from the lower parts of the rivers, and from the mode in which the inland trade is conducted the consumer pays enormously for them in the produce of his industry; for instance, in some places one measure of salt costs twenty of rice. The Daya are, generally speaking, peaceable; the petty feads among themselves may be traced to the hor rid custom of ornamenting their house with human skulls, proceed by way-lawing individuals of a different tribe, and to decorating their children with the teeth; or to disputes about particular tracts of forests and the oppression of the Chinese sometimes rouses them to revenge themselves. gainst that race.
Camlets, English
Dutch
*
18 0 to
20 0 do. 29 0 to 30: 0, do.
80 to 1.20 to
25 per yard 130
do.
Medium Cloth Ladies
贴着
N. B.--Woollens are very dull of Sale at these quotations..
EXPORTS.-On Board.
91.75 to 2 Oper picul 100 to 0 0 do..
Buds
Agriculture affords but little to pay for these articles. Rice, indeed, is sometimes exported, but it is a query whether more be produced than suf. Alum ficiety for home consumption, as at times, it forms Anniseed. an article of import. It is cultivated both in the Camphor ladang, or upland plantation, and in the sawab or Cassia marsh lands; in the former, by the Daya; in the latter, by the Chinese The ladangs are permitted Chias Roots to lie fallow three years; the growing jungle has Galangal then attained sufficient size to afford the necessary manure when cut down and burnt. Both ladang Rhabarb and sawah plantations are considered moderately productive, bnt, in some seasons, the growing crops suffer much from vermin. Sugar manufactured by the Chinese, from cane cultivated by themselves, is also exported; but in very small quantities.
Musk
SILK.
TEA.
Congou Caper Souchong old Orange Pekoe,
16 0 to
22 0 do.
10 Q. to
#1 0 .do
170 to
3
2.50 to
18. 0
do. do..
240 to... 0° 0 do, 90 0 to 0. Oper cally 300 to 60.0 per picul
සපය
'T'satlee
Taysaam Canton
-430. 0 to 470 0
do..
350
0 to 395 0
do,
280
0 to 350 0 do.
13
0 to
23-0 do.
0
0 to
:S
.0
do.
13
0 to
20
do.
.26 0.to
30 0 do.
" fine scented. Twankay
0.0 to 00 to
0
do.
43
0 to
55. 0
0
0 to
12
0 to
22.0 do.
40
0, to
50 · 0 do.
New
Hyson
Young Hyson Hyson Skin Gunpowder Imperial
0 0 do.
.do.
0.0 do.
37 0 to 47 0. do.
The first of the new Congous were shipped by the "Queen
Mab" and "Hesperus, The market opened at extrava- gant rates, about twelve chops having been settled for at from 39 to 43 Taels. Other teas are dull of sale, the advices by the April mail of the great depression having rendered buyers cautious,
EXPORT OF TEA TO XÌREAT Britain FOR THE SEASON, COMmencing 1st July 1844, ENDING 30TH JUNE 1845, IN
This trade is principally in the hands of the Ugi, who either conduct it in their own craft, or deal with trading vessels touching at the ports; the Arabs and Malayu participate, and the trade with China is carried on in the junks which annually arrive to the number of perhaps six. It is asserted that commerce is much on the decline; and this is attributed to the following To the eastward the imports are similar cause: to those of these ports, and formerly Sambas, Mam- pawn, and Pontianak, were emporia for part of the eastern trade; this branch of course bas ceased since the establishment of Singapore; and the remain- ing branch, or that which supplies the wants of the Residency. has suffered from the disturbances hav. Caper ing taught the Chinese to depend less upon foreign supplies. Again, the duties which are levied are much greater than in former times, and as the con- sequent enhancement in the price of goods, from this and other fiscal regulations, is not understood by the Daya, they do not purchase to an equal amount, and of course have not equal inducement to The introduction also of industrious pursuits. copper money [18]and that at an increased valua tion has tended to paralize industry-or, in other words, to decrease trade.
From the foregoing brief notices of the produc tions of this Residensy and the wants of the inha It is considered more honorable that the skullsbitants, it will be perceived that the imports are. should be those of women or children on the sup. opium, piece gouds, iron, tobaçao, [12] salt, silk raw position that the men would exert themslves for and manufactured, pulse. old, and a few Chinese their protection; but is seldom they are procured goods; the principil returns for which are gold, by open attack, the general practice when diamonds, wax. rattans, dammer, wood and tan- operations are carried on to a considerable extent, kawan oils with a little rice and coarse sugar. being to surround a village during the night and murder those who have occasion to leave it at break of day. Some of those who are found about the ports to the northward of Sambas, at times connect themselves with the pirates, and the condition of the connexion is, that the skulls and iron shelf be their share-the other plunder that of the pirates.
The next most numerous class are the Chinese; Gold is found in almost every part of the Resi- some rate them at no more than 35,000 men, others, as high as 72,000-but probably 60,000 may be dency, also in Aréng strata and takes many names, being invariably designated by the name of the placentar the amount, and, as the greater number are where it is procured, The gold of Sintang, Sangao, not married, nor have children, the total number of and Landak are about nine touch; of Muntahari Chinese men, women and children may be about about eight and a half, that of Mandor a shade below 125,000. Their principal establishments are at sight; these are places under Pontianak. That Mandor, Montradu, Salakao, Larak and Sinkawan found at Mantradu under Mampawa is about eight in the interior; but the whole coast, from the river
of Sambas to Pontianak, is lined. with their esta touch; and and Sambas, gold of nine touch is found blishments. Their town are described as populous at Sapan of eight; and eight a half at Larak; of eight, at Siminis; and of seven and a half at Sain and well laid out. They are principally emigrants, from that part of the province of Kuangtong, whose kao. The mines are worked in a similar manner inhabitants are known in the Straits by the appella to those already described and the Areng cleaned in the dulan, in the contre of which, the gold, from tion of Orang Khe or their descendants by the Daya women. Formerly, about 3000 arrived annually; its greater gravity is collected. There are no data
of late, in consequence of the disturbances, not for ascertaing the amount produced,[9] or the num ber of persons emploved. The price at the princi- more than a third of that number. They are des- pal ports may be taken at about two dollars and cribed as turbulent and difficult to govern; but may ninety cents per touch; or say, twenty six Spanish not this be attributed to the change they have ex- dollars for Sintang gold of nine touch. The Sul. perienced between the present and former Govern ment? The only direct tax under the native go taun of Sambas has in his possession a lump weigh-vernment, was a small tribute or Bungamas, collect. ing twelve and a half bunkals, and says he has ed from those who had a certain employment; now, seen some which weighed twenty fire.
Iron is principally procured from Jelle in the all, whether employed or not, are expected to pay two guldens for a license to settle, an annual capi interior of Matan, in sufficient quantities to form
tation tax of the same amount per head, to contri- an article of export, when it is known by the name of Bissi ikat, from the manner in which it is made bute to the support of various farms during their up. Ten pieces. each piece about eight or nine stay, and finally, thirty guldens to quit the country inches long, one and a half broad and half an inch These impositions on the valuable part of the com- munity, a class who know their own value and thick, from a small bundle; and five of these a large pne, which weighs about nineteen or twenty cat fies, and sells at Matan for about three dollars. is collected by the Daya, and is of superior quality, as tools made of it are not steeled, and is in great demand among the natives. It is imported advan- tageously at Pontianak both from Matan and from Banjar-massin, at which place it is known by the name of Bissi desa, or country iron.
The animal productions which add to the exports ofthss Residency are wax, bezoar stones and deer horns, but very little bird's nest is found. The wax is of good quality when collected by the Dayn who find the hives most commonly on the katapan tree; but, passing through many hands before exported, it is then generally adulterated. The bezoar stones or Butu Galiga, the Daya allege are collected by them from the muscular parts of animals, particu- Jarly the porcupine (Landak) [10] and the various species of Simia, and they conceive that they arc produced by wounds received from other animals especially the wild hog and Simia. On the coast, this account appears to be believed, although con. trary to the received opinion that the bezoar is produced in the stomachs of certain ruminating animals.
The
|
With the decrease of trade, the revenue has decreased; it now amounts to about nine thousand guldens per mensem, and is derived from the capi- tation tax on the Chinese, a fee for permitting them to settle, one for a license to quit the country; the park, fish, arrack, prepared opium, Chinese gambl ing, and betel farms; the profits arising from the monopoly of the diamonds, post-office and vendu departments, harbour dues, customs, stamps, and a lax on the transfer of property.*
(To be continued.)
13 Although no advocate for monopolies, more especi.
Congou
Souchong
103 VESSELS.
lbs. 34,878,201
Black leaf Pekoo. Pouchong
Flowery Fekoe Orange Pekoe
Twankay. Hyson Skin Hyson Young Hyson
Gunpowder Imperial
1,353,025 1,312,508 137,661
47,525
414,546
534,751
1,796.542-40,476,019
2,951,474 202,05%
2,1 3,185
2,963,697 1,233,398
2,315,691-11,850.427
Total
52,336,916 lbs.
95 Ships londed at Canton, 7 at Shanghai and one nt Hongkong.
Export Season 1843-44 in 101 Ships, including 1 from Shanghai,
38,508,849
Cung
Caper
Black leaf Pelac Sorte Flowery Pekoo Orange Pekoe Twaokay
Souchong.
Hyson
ally farucles of fod, the writer would be wrong in omitting Hysan Skin. to mention the facilities that Government affords to the trade in their own salt to the dependencies f Java. Salt is put on Young Hyson board prawna from the outposts, free of boat or couly hire, Imperial
and a bounty of fifteen rupees per Java koyan granted to the exporter, who is further given a credit when furmised with outpost to which he purposes carrying his cargo. the necessary documents from the local authorities at the
[13] To prevent recurrence to the subject of copper money in the body of the memoir, it may be well to mention that no other description of coin is sent to meet the expenses of Government, and that although 125 duits can be procured or a gulden, 100 are the number assigned by the orders of Government, dated the 18th Feb. 1896 No. 1, as equivalent of that coin.
strength, naturally render them dissatisfied; yet, notwithstanding such just cause for dissatifaction there seems no doubt that the views of Government might have been accomplished, had these been gra- dually carried into execution in a mild and con. sistent manner, and not, at one time by threats. at another, by negotiation, and then again by force. The most probable mode of deriving a revenue from them appears to be by a transit duty on the articles of their consumption, leaving the internal regulation of their settlements to themselves; and by require ing an assessment from each establishment in pro- portion to its population, to be levied by the kang. sies or chiefs. To an arrangement of this descrip tion they would have no objection. The men and women are clothed in the costume of China, their apparel being made of coarse blue and white piece goods; besides these however, they require a tew Eurwahs, for sacrifices; and they consume opium, Chinese and Javanese tobacco, puise, (kachang) cecoanut oil, iron, and a few articles from China. Ale (best brands) They are employed in mining, agriculture, manu facturing coarse sugar; those near the sea, in fish ing; and, in the principal ports, as artificers and petty merchants.
The Malayu are estimated at about 60,000 souls. The men are variously employed, as foresters, agriculturists, miners, or, in maritime pursuits.
No meteorological journal has been kept; but, to judge from personal feeling, the climate innst be very warm. Thus, the dense forests, and extensive
The Ugi men, women, and children, may be marshes, would warrant the inference that the Resi.
5000 in number; the greater part settled at Pon. dency is unhealthy, but it is considered otherwise, tianak. They are mostly from Waju, in the in- with the exception of the diamond district, prevalent diseases are diarrahia, dysentery, remitterior of Celebes; and among then are individuals lent and intermittent fevers, dropsical, rheumatic possessed of 80 or 90.000 dollars. The trade of Pontianak is principally in their bands, and they and billious complaints, small pox and the lues
are only second to the Chinese, as a valued portion veneria While the cholera morbus raged, it made
of the community. dreadfull ravages.
Once at Pontianak the whole garrison were attacked, and the Resident, who for- tunately escaped, was the only person to administer the usual remedies.
It cannot be expected that the local authorities sbould have been able to draw up a census of the population, when it is remembered that the most numerous portion are either independent savages, or Chinese in open revolt,-but it is probable that the whole population of this extensive tract does no exceed 400,000 souls.
The most numerous class are the Daya. [11] who may be estimated at 200,000. They are princi- pally employed in collecting the useful products of
[9] The amount of gold produced is supposed to be about 11 picals or 3000 bankals.
[10] The best are procured from the porcupine, and in the plistrict of Landak.
[11] The villages of these savages are mostly placed near spots fit for their isdangs, and are generally protected by a beinting or breastwork. The houses are bailt with a long verandah in front, which serves for communicating with the different families and for the several fire places. There are mostly three ladders, which are pulled up at night. From six to seven families reside in one house, the patriarch in the middle, in whose appartment the musical instrumezi sis kept. The house are built upon posts, and in the space below, the pigs &c. are reared. Among the customs pecu- liar to them, it may be expected that something respecting the decapitation of heads should be mentioned. The more beads a man has cut off, the more he is respected, and a young man cannot marry until he can produce heads procur. ed by himself; nor can the corpse of a person of rank be inbumed until a fresh bead be acquired by his nearest hin. Should be be of high rank, great rejoicings take pines on his jetom from a secerful expedition; the heads, which prob.
There are a few Arab and their descendants, whose number may be taken at 600. Of natives of India, there cannot be more than 50.
|
• In enumeration of these taxes will remind our readers of those imposed by our present Governors.
EDITOR F. OF Cinna
Gunpowder
498,006 1,562,603
273,827
54,420
.433,977
1,105,978-12,547,520
4,079,147
675.8:1
1,974,123
1,465,177
597,678
1,304,531-9,296,547
Total 51.844,067
COTTON REPORT. Canton, June 1st to 30th, 1845.
Twist
Bombay Bales, Bengal Madras do.
Total,
do.
CANTON PRICES CURRENT. Including Dorisana.
2ND JULY, 1845, IMPORTS.-DUTY PAID.
Amber Betel Nut Canvas-Eng, and
Scotch Cochineal Copper, sheathing
++ S.Am. Cordage, European COTTON, Bombay, sh. ps. T's. New
Madras Bengal COTTON GOODS. White Shirtings, Grey ditto Yarn, Nos. 16 « 24
160 to 818 11
0 per bhd. 0 per catty 00 per picul
1.409
1841 Deliveries. Stock.
17.368 32.014
2.6062 665 11.540 19.613
31.613 54.203
BANK OF WESTERN INDIA, EXCHANGE. Barris. On London at 6 months sight.
0 per picul tray. Ou Calcutta at 6 days sight.... He. 226 per sp. Dolis. Lol.
ེཧྥེ་
per cent premium Measen 19. & 3. Rustomjee & Co. are authorised to grant Drafts at
Canton and Macao payáhlo in Hongkong without Charge. Belos.exican Dollars received at 100 per Sp, Dolls, 3.
Company's Rupees at 223'
ALLOWED.--Üu Déprșit at 6 months Notice 4 per Cent per Annum.
Do. do. 3 months Notien (3)
Sycee.
95.
at 34 per Cent. premium. INTEREST.
4 24 per Sp. Dollars.
10 50 to
30 days' night....... 4
do.
do.
4 50 to
I day's sight fixed or an demand.......
do.
dis.
The National Bank of Scotland
8
0 to
9
o per boi.
aulits Branches at 3 days' sight 4 The Branches of the Provincial
do.
Bank of Ireland at 1 day's sight 4
ito. do.
- 112 0 40
24
0
to.
{
' do.
20 0 to
0 0 du.
8 0 10
U ઇ
do.
G
0 to
7 0
do.
6 4 10
7 #
30 days' night................ 226 Madras at sight..
22-4 do. Bombay at 60 days' sight.... ., 227 30 days' sight, in a 220
3 days sight.... Colombo at fio days' sight... LOCAL.-On Cauton or Macao at fo days' right
- 30 dn, sight 3 ds, night
do.
do.
do.
17
do.
do.
do.
do:
T. 225
du.
do.
» 227
do,
Par do do
per cent premiuria,
7
0 to
0 0
do.
4
2 50 to
3 10 per piece
2 60 to
3 10 do.
26
0 to
27 50per picul
40,
0 1
23 1) do.
Cuargas.—On Leane and Cash Credit Accounts
32 0 to 2 0 to
33
0 do.
Security of Bullion or Government paper.
3
40,
3 50per piece
On Lean and Flash Credit Accounts
other Security
80
do,
do,
Do,
• months 9
19 0 to 15 59 to 2 80 to
18 50per picul
COMMISSION, N
•mpax Cent.
16 0 do.
2.90
do.
** Hoop
Bar
2 60 to 2.70
do.
0 0 20
2 50 to 2 60 5 50
do.
do.
7 50 to
0 0 per box
5 Oper pical
0 0 do.
0 0 per cheat
fi Nos. 19 a 32.4°28
Nos. 3 a 42
Chintz Furniture - Nominal; METALS. Tin, Banca
** Straits Iron, Nail
Steel Tia plates Lead Pig
4 80 to Quicksilver
120 0 to For Export.
0 to OPIUM Patna, new, 730
Benares, neo. 710 U to *Malwa,new good 760. 0 to 46 Turkey
**
ably still bleed, are seized by the women, who rush into the water, dip the beads and anoint themselves with the ensan. gained water which drops from the skulls. A man of "great consideration' may have 50 or 60 skulls suspended in his premises. It has been known that two years have expired before a young man could be married, or in other words before he could procure a skull. The following and the customs observed on the conclusion of peace between two hostile tribes. Each provides a slave to be murdered by the other, and the principal person present gives the first wound, which is indicted on the lower part and in the centre of the breast bone. The other persons of the tribe who may be present immediately follow the example, and fathers encoat- age their children to mailate the body with their knives or whatever weapon they can acquire. The slaves sacrificied to peace are not criminals, bat generally purchased for this purpose. Besides this, presents are interchanged: these are provisions, gold dust so the value of a few rupees, and Siamese earthen jars, which are highty valued, us the priests
Dell use them as cracle, striking them and predicting according to the sound which may be elicited. Pence is generally concluded of the chief village us town of the most powerful Pepper »
be. It was thus that a fend which had existed 5 years | between the Sinung and Sakado Daya was terminated in 1826, since when they have been on amicable terms. The principal Days are those of Kayang whose principal town is Segao, which is about 25 days journey by wasr above Sat. ang, and the latter is about 14 inland in Pontianak. Sevea different dialects are known to exist among the Day of the Presidency. Far in the interior the only unce of rebel on appears to be in a superstitions reverence paid to deer, which are considered to be the progenines of the Days, and this animal e therre so blid, or eaten by them. The high caste' Days do not engage in mining as they fancy it may induce catrines on then country,
massan
-
0 0 do. 0 0 do.
0 Uper picul
Dot to
DISCOUNT.-On Local Bills under 2 months a
40,
On Current Accounts, a
do,
$35 $
On effecting investments or other of special Agency & per Cent.
N. B.-Current Accounts of which the annual Turn-over okazeŠ# 80,000 Dollars, are wihjeet either to smaller posunimsinn, at do cuentais- sion if a proportionate Deposit generally remains in the account,
PRICES OF BULLION.
Sycee Silver, large, & per cent, premium.
Spanish Dollars, Ferdinand, par
Carolus, 104 per cent. Republican ditto, 3 to 4 per cent, discount.
EXCHANGE.
Bills on Londonat 6 months sight, 4s. 3d. per Sp.
Dollar; Treasury closed..
Navy Bills, 41. 21 to 4s. 34. per Mexican dollars, Court of Directors accepted Bills, 225 @ 220.
per 100 Spanish Dollars
To London of Liverpool, £.4 10,
To porta north of Amoy, 7 @ 98
• 550 0 to
5 80 to
0
do.
1 80 to
2 0
do.
FREIGHTS.
2.40 to
5: 0 to
3. 10
'do,
To Amoy, 6 per ton of 40 feet.
13
0
do.
4 0 to 425 to
0 *0.
6 0 do.
}
◊ to
$ 56 to
*
well attoned Heary Sucks prices almacet
30 to poisinat..
Rice, cargo quality Raitans, Banjer. Į
Sandalwood, Malabar *Timor,&3.5, LL Saltpetre. WOOLLENS. -
Spanish Stripes Long Elia, scarlet
→
1 10per yard ✪ Oper piece 8 40
40.
From the recent arrivals Banaage is abundant and freight have receded to £ 4. 4 or £1,10,-
Edited, Printed and Published by Joan Carz, At The Friend of China and Hongkong Gazelle, Printing Office, Green's ROAD, VICTORIA, Horozene 1845,
No comments yet.
Private notes are available after approval.