246
We have been favored with the first three num- bers of the Ching Mail -a journal just started af Victoria, under the auspices of a gentleman well fnown to the literati of the Scottish metropolis- Mr. Andrew Shortrede, printer. Mr. Shortrede's
THE FRIEND OF CHILM
AND HONOKONG GAZETTE
manner.
+3
Camlets, English
Dutch
18
0 * 20
0
#
29.0 * 30
1.80 LE
0
25 per yard
Medium Cloth Ladies
1 20 (4 130 *
N. B. Woollens are very dull of Sale at these quotations.
Small dulans, circular trays slightly converging towards the centre, are nearly filled with Arong and the Daya sitting himself in the nearest stream immerses the dulan, and works the Areng by hand until the earthy particles boing to and a rotatory motion is given to it, until the water it contains being saturated with earthy matter, is poured off and this is continued till such time as the water comes away clean. The pebbles &c. Camphor which remain in the centre, then undergo a strict
hame appears on the imprint, but we believe he is to eight feet! the rivers at low water are neatly in, ¦ separate; the dulan is then brought to the surface, EXPORTS.-ON BOARD,
responsible for the literary as well as the typogra- phical arrangements of the paper. He is a man of taste, talent, and acquirement-and, what is more, of high and honorable principles; and will, we trust, earn the fruits to which such things en fitly him. The paper is spiritedly written; and though its editor was well known of yore as a lending conservative, he seems not at all disposed to bow to the local powers that be. We hail Mr. Soortreed as an acquisition to the list of literary labourers by whose exertions English jourralism maintained in the east; and to whom the British people are indebted for all the ephemeral informa. tion they possess on oriental affairs. We wish they were more grateful for, and more competent to appreciate, the favours bestowed on them Bombay Times, April 23.
many other discharge themselves also into the sea. #ars obstruct the entrance of all; on that of Pon tianak there are eight feet, of Sambas fifteen, and of Mampawa six feet-these depths are at high water, Spring tides and the rise of the tide being from six accessible to very small craft After passing the bars the rivers are of considerable depth and wind in graceful curves for some distance from their mouths, before the falls in Maloyu Rigam present obstacles to inland navigation [4] Those falls are from three to thirty feet in height,
examination.
Alum Anniseed
Cassia
f
Musk
Rhubarb SILK.
$175 to 2 0 per picul
10 0 "D 0 16 0 "220 10 0 *11. 0 17 018 0
2:30.48
"
0
3
2 40 • 0·0
Buds China Roote
90
0" 0 .0
per catty
30 0 "60 0
per picul-
Tsatlee
430
0 470 · 0
Taysaam Canton TEA.
. 850 0 "385". O
280
0 *350 0
Congou
13
0.23 0.
0
0
Souchong old.
13
0
20.0
0
# 30.0
0 "
The only lake hitherto discovered is the Danne Malayu, situated in 15' north latitude and 1140 20 east longitude. It was firist visited by Euro pettus in September 1823, when Mr. Hartman [5] the Resident, and Mr. Grenovians his assistant whose researches have materially assisted in the compilation of the map, had the pleasure of seeing this interesting object. It is about eight leagues in length and four in breadth, and in places,has depth of eighteen feet; these dimensions are con siderably increased in the rains. Two islands rise from the surface of its waters and it is stored with numerous fish, among others the biyaivan, the rou of which is in as great demand as the trabu of Siak. Along the shores of the lake and of its islands, rocks are found which present the appearance of having suffered from the action of the sea. The The largest diamond known with certainty to largest island was named Vander Capellan, in comhave been found in these mines weighed thirty-six pliment to the amiablo nobleman who lately go
It was long supposed that the galtan of verned Java, the smallest, Fabias, after one among Matan possessed, one weighing three hundred and the many gentlemen employed as commisioners sixty-seven, which it was said he was afraid to cut for the affairs of Borneo.
lest it should prove flawed, but gentlemen to whom it has been lately shewn consider it not to be a
The Malaya proceed in nearly a similar manner; hut the superior intelligence of the Chinese teaches Galangal them to use a more efficient progress. The Chi nese seldom sink a shaft, but avail themselves of those which have been sunk and the mines aban doned by the Daya or Malayu. A tank is formied or a small stream is damned up; and a channel being cut in the direction of the vein, the sluices are opened, and the superior strata are entirely caried away by the velocity of the stream, and the Aréng being discovered the sluice is shut. The Aréng having been dug out is washed, by expos ure to the repeated action of water conducted along wooden troughs fixed in an inclined plane, and not cleaned in the dulan, until the stony particles are nearly freed from extraneous matter,
The soil is generally a mould formed partly of al- luvial, partly of decayed vegetable matter, about two feet deep placed upon a white clay strongly impregnated with saitpetre.
carats.
true stone.
MEMOIR ON THE RESIDENCY OF THE NORTH-WEST COAT OF BORNEO. The writer of the following pages during a trade ing voyage, made a short stays at Sambas. Mam pawa, aud. Pontinsk and having made enquiries respecting the existing state of affairs, was enabled to collect a little information respecting that part of Borneo over which the residency of the north West coast claims jurisdiction, its inhabitants and Commerce. This information was procured, in the first instance, from the most intelligent antives which whom he had intercourse, and afterwards
Formerly, if the labors of the miners were re- submitted to the inspection of European. gentlemen
warded by success, which is very uncertain, stones intimately acquainted with the coasts, who goncur From the disproportion between the population unedr four carats were their property; all of that In the opinion that the information is correct. He and the extent of land, little is cultivated; the size and upwards were claimed by the Panamball- therefore feels confident that although his notices greater part is still forest. The want of informa ae, then a tributary of Bautam, from the Sultan of which state the former Dutch Company purchased are meagre, yet they are correct enough to afford tion and the limits of this memoir prevent an enu- sufficient data to his readers for judging what re-moration of more of more of the vegetable produc- this monopoly or royalty, for fifty thousand dol liance can be placed on the inferences respecting tions than those which are praticularly useful lars. At present, by treaty with the Panambahan, the government of this residency with which he Bulliyan (kaya bissi) or iron wood, Tambas, Marbo all the stones must be delivered to Government at has ventured to close this paper and which are the Marante, Sluma. Para Madang Chumũ, Madang twenty per cent below the market price which is only parts in the Memoir than can be called bis Prawos, Paniyao, Takām or Kawan, Batu, Ao ascertained by appraisement on the spot, the neces own. And he hopes, however erroneous these may guna or Bawan Hutan, and Ghiam-are the Masary advances being of course first made to miners be, that some amusement if not information may be layu namos of trees of large size, which afford ex- by Government. The small stones are sold at derived from a perusal of this attempt to add to our cellent timber for house and ship building. The Pontianak ant the large ones, for which there are present scanty knowledge of Borneo. The mode Kapor is used for these purposes and produces the no purchasers there, are disposed of at Batavia, and the profits equally divided between Govern. of arrangement and style merit animadversion, but camphor of commerce; Kranji, and Arang or
ment and the Panambahan. There is every rea- the memoir having been drawn up in the few leisure ebony, from articles of export, as do the oil used moments which his business left him, and at times for culinary purposes, which it expressed from the son to believe that in the first year and a half in company, and his having no time to correct its fruit of the Tankawan tree; the best are collected succeeding this arrangement, which was made in the middle of 1823, these amounted to about nine. faults, will, the writer hopes, incline those to morcy at Kotaringan, which belongs to Matan. who honor it so far as to criticize its merits.
teen thousand guldens, three under and ninety The civilization of the Daya, the extirpation of
carats having been delivered to the agents of Go piracy, the acquisition of revenue, and the appro-
vernment in the latter part of 1828, and nineteen priation of commercial advantages, may be stated The principal diamond mines are in the district hundred in 1822, the cost of which must have és the most prominent motives which have influence of Landak [6]. The Aréng (conglomarati?) in been thirty three thousand guidens, and the pro- The existing regulati- ed the Netherland Government in forming those which the diamond are found is a kind of yellowish ceeds fifty two thousand. posts now united under the designation of the gravelly earth mixed with pebbles of various sizes ons are no doubt as often evaded as that mention North-west coast of Borneo The Netherland Gc and shapes, and is found at different depths below ed above must have been, and if such be the case, vernment have acquired this portion of the domi- the surface. From fifty to sixty feet is the greatest two thousand two hundred and ninety carats are nions by treaties formed with the native princes depth to which a shaf bas hitherto been sunk, and less than the actual produce of the period is ques since the commencement of 1812. The general the following, it is said, are the strata which are dug tion. The number of persons employed during it, principles of these treaties are as follows:-that in through when the Areng is at these depths; three is unknown, so that no idea can be formed of the consideration of the ports being placed under the feet black mould, seventeen yellow sandy clay, profit on mining specalations). The deliveries immediate control of the European power, and of seventeen redder clay, six or seven of a tenacious of 1825 and 1820 were less than that of 1924 and The Sultauns of Sambas, Mampawa, Pontianak and slate colored clay mixed with stones, an equal will be still less this year, Government not advano. Matan, not negotiating with other European Go. depth a similar clay without stones, but mixed withing to an equal extent, in consequence partly of an vernments, or Americans, and using their endea-six pebbles, and known by thename of Amper, and outstanding balance against the miners, and partly to the disinclination of the latter to receive copper vours to repress piracy, these princes shall be paid or seven of a tenacions yellow clay. a monthly stipend. And the nature of those which The presence of the Amper strata is considered money. Some natives are of opinion that the veins have been concluded with the Malayu or Daya [1] a sure indication of a vein.
are not so productive us in former times; others, chieftains of the interior, is, that their territories
making due allowance for the decrease occasioned shall be administered by the Dutch, and the re-
by the measures of Government, say that they are not worked with equal zeal. venues equally divided.
This residency is supposed to extend along the coast, from Ayer Hitam, which is considered the southern limit of the territories of Matam, to Palo, The northern boundary of those of Sambas, com- prehending these states, those of Pontianak and Mampawa, and some of the petty chieftainries of the interior, which were not dependant on either of the foregoing powers,
The nature of the country presents almost in superable obstacles to surveying, but a rough map has been constructed, principally from the observa- Sons of the late Mr. Muller [2] assisted by those of other gentlemen who have travelled in various directions. By this map it would appear that the "Residency extends on a rough estimate over nearly one third the whole island. The face of the coun. try is generally low, the Danao Malaya, although forth-five leagues from the nearest part of the coast, being probably not more than one hundred feet above the level of the sea. It presents no con. tinuous chain of mountains, the highest land is at the back of Sambas and between that place and Blampawa. From Sambas to Pontianak the coUD- try for a little way inland appears from the sea to be irregular and in some places the peaks of the bills are perfectly conical-but it does not appear to be known whether these are of volcanic origin, With the exception of this tract, the Residency is flat, sometimes presenting isolated hills, is intersect- ed by numerous rivers and their tributary streams, and has every appearance of this part of Borneo having been originally an archipelago of numerous islands. (3) The principal rivers are those of Sam bas Pontianak, Matan, Succadana, and Alampawa;
[1] These Daya are partially civilized; they pretend to be Malaya, and of course Island, but they do not circumcise until they have become parents, and retain many of the cus. fons peculiar 10 the true Daya.
[2] This gentleman was formerly in the army of his Nether. Ioads Majesty, but, disgusted at the promotica el junior uf- ficers, resigned the service. He was then selected to explore the interior of Borneo, His talents, information, and zeal, rendered him peculiarly adapted for this hazardous under. taking, and his death is a serious loss. When examining the Dango Malayü be conjectured that the tirer of Koti and Þessir might communicate with this lake, and to determine this, he ascended the famer river, and at sune distance in the interior was murdered by a Days in whom she too im plicitly confided. This occurred in 1925. It is to be hoped that the Government will publish his journals. All the formation since collected warrant the supposition that the Above rivers have not their sance in the lake, but rise in the tanges of monomains at the back or the Banjer-messin dis. trict, called by the Malayu, Ganong Malawi Pico.
1
The whole of Borneo is rich in mineral produc- tions; those which have recived attention in this Residency are diamonds, gold and iron.
The mines are worked by the Daya, Malayu and Chinese. The former proceed in the following manner. A shaft barely sufficient to permit the miner to turn round in, or at utmost two feet in diameter, is sunk to the Areng. This is from one to three feet in thickness, and is dug out to the ex- tent of seven or eight feet from the sides of the shaft, under the upper strata, which sometimes is propped up; but the laziness or improvidence of the Daya is such, that this precaution is often forgotten, the upper strata falls in and the miners miserably perish. These accidents [7] most fre quently occur when an adjacent shaft is sunk, which is thus done; the Areng in the first mine being expended, and the course of the vein ascer tained, a new shaft is sunk in that direction at the distance of fifteen or sixteen feet from the preced ing, to enable the miners when arrived at the Aréng, to work back to their former mine, and the same process is repeated until the vein be exha usted The Aréng is hoisted up in small baskets by bamboos on the ends of which part of a branch is left and forins a small hook. The search for the diamonds is conducted in an equally simple
-
[4] The following is the mode in which the in island trade is conduct. Bandungs, which are long narrow boats draw; | ing little water, and endrely covered in with matting, proceed as far as the falls permit, where the cargo la discharged into bedars or emal sampangs. When these meet a riyan, the cargo as well as the bedar is carried over land until past the fall.
Some of the petty chiefs probitat the traders from the lower part of their water from carrying their goods through their districts, and require them to be sold there, when the people. of the district carry them further up; this exists in almost every district. The whole of the inland trade is by barter; however, each article is valued in rials, an imaginary coin of two rupees, although money is almost invariably refused by the Daya for those goods they may have for sale.
[5] Strangers risiting Pontianak are under considerable obligation to this genderan for his kindness and hospitalny, Merchants are particularly so, for his endeavours to facilitato their business, by pointing out the natives mot likely to deal, and there who cannot be trusted. The same may be said of his assistants at Sambas and Mampowa, Messrs Ritters and Datters, As a public officer Mr. Hartman is deservedly held in high estimation by his countrymen and Gorerament. The writer requests these goodsmen to recaive his thanks for their poting attention.
+
(6) The principal village called also Landak is siteated about twenty two leagues from Pontianak, in « N. E by E. direction. It is due of the principal stations for conducting the inland trade in this part of the Residency. The voyage from Pontanat occupies about five days, the tide flowing co higher than about twelve miles above that town The sinusines of the river are however the principal case of the duration of the voyage An assistant Rendent is posted at Landak, which is sesaated pectitatiy nahenkbg.!
(To be continued.)
Caper
Orange Peleo, New 26
11
fine scented. 0 0 K
Twankay Hyson
Young Hyson. Hyson Skin. Gunpowder Imperial
Ο 0
7
**
46
+ 0 0
0 0
43 0 55 0
0
12
0.4 22.0
.« .0 0
14 ju
*
40 0" 50 0 44 37 0" 4 0 < The first of the new Congous were shipped by the "Queen Mab" and "Hesperue" The market opened at extrava. gant rates, about twelve chops having been settled for at from 39 to 43 Theia. Other teas are dull of anle, the advicea by the April mail of the great depression having rendered buyers cautious,
EXPORT OF TEA TO GREAT BRITAIN FOR THE SEASON, COMMENCING 1ST JULY 1814, ENDING 30TH JUNE 1845, IN
Congou Caper. Souchong
103 VESSELS.
lbs. 34,878,261
Black leaf Pekoe. Pouchong Sorta Flowery Pekoe Orange Pekoe
Twankay. Hyson Skin Hyaon Young Hyson Imperial Gunpowder.
1,353,025
1,3.2,508
137,661
47,525
414,546
531,751
1,796,542-40,476;019.
2,951,474 -
292,652
2,143.183
2,963,097-
1,233,328 2,313,691—11,859,427
Total.
52,336,916 lbs
95 Ships loaded at Canton, 7 at Shanghai and one at Hongkong.
Export Season 1943-44 in 101 Ships, including 1 from Shanghai,
38,508,849
cong m Caper. Scachong. Black leaf Pekov
ke Flowery Pokos
Orange Pekoe Twankay Elyson Skin.." Hysun Young Hyson Imperial Gunpowder
Twist
•
494,066
1,562,603
273,8.27 $4,920
453,277
1,105,978-42,517,520
4,079,147
- 576.801 1,274,123 1,465,177
697,673
1,304,531 -9,296,547
Total $1.844,067
COTTON REPORT.
Canton, June 1st to 30th, 1845.
Bombay Bales, Bengal do. Madras do.
Total,
[8] The grandsna of Hji Mahoinet Sally once expended between 5 and 600 dollars in amplying 36 men nearly five months, and was unsuccessful and says that he has known other persous possessed of gestor means disburse treble that Including Dorisana. amount without success
CANTON PRICES CURRENT. 2ND JULY, 1845. IMPORTS.-DUTY PAID,
.810 818 0 per hhd
10.50
« 11 0 per catty 0 0 per picul
Ale (best brands) Amber
Betel Nut Canvas-Eng, and
Scotch Cochineal Copper, sheathing
S. Am.
1.409 1.841 Dehveries. Stock.
17.368 32.014
2.696 2.665
11.540 19.613
31.613 54.202
BANK OF WESTERN INDIA.
EXCHANGE,
Bars-On Lendon et 6 months sight......
30 days' sight.
1 day's sight fixed or
on demand................... ↑
The National Bank of Scotland
and its Branches at 3 days' night The Branches of the Provincial
Bank of Ireland at t dag's sight +
3ds,ight
Locat.-On Canton or facan at 60 days' sight Par do.
30 ds. sight
1.73 per cent premium
Messrs 1. & 31. Rustomjee & Co. are authorised to grant Draftm at
Canton and Sfacao payable in Hongkong without Charge.
BELLION-Mexican Dollars received at 190 per Sp, Dolls, 00.
ALLOWED.-On Deposit at 6 months Notice à per Cent per Annum.
Do. dv. 3 months Notice 1 Chaided-On Loans and Cash Credit Accounts
EP Company' Sycee..
atá Парсея
95. ... at 29 per Cent. premium. INTEREST.
2 per Sp. Dollars.
4
do, ...
do. do.
de. do
4 50
ito. do.
}
8
0
16
9.0 per bul
Tepian.-On
112 0
14
0
0
per picul
Calcutta at do days' sight.... ita. 316 per Sp. Dolls, 190,
30 days' night.... Madras at night.......
223 do.
do.
031 do.
do
Bombay at 60 days' night............
407 do.
do.
24 0 K
0 น
30 days' sight... 928 do.
do.
+
13
20
0
0
0 #
3 days' sight.... .. 213 do. Colombo at a days' night... 324 do.
do.
do
0
9 0
do.
6 0
7 3
H
品
1.40 per cent premium
6 4
** 7 0
7
0
↓
0 0
2.50
3 10 per piece
do,
do,
(+
3 10
0
27 50 per picul
0
160 U
33 0 +
3 50 per piece
Segurity of Bullion or Government paper.......................... On Loud and farla Condit Accounts
other Security... ID DISCOUNT.✨n Local Bille under 2 months A
Do,
do... • manche 2 COMMISSION,
$
do,
10.
do,
do
do.
110
.i per Cont.
19 0
- 18 50 per picul
15.50
* 16 0
290 per picul
260
S
2 70
2 69
5 50
0
oper box
Cordage, European 8 COTTON, Bombay, sh. ps. T's. New
Madras Bengal COTTON GOODS. White Shirtings,
Grey
dito dito. 2 Go Yarn, Nos. 16 to 21 26 Nos. 18 16 32 29 Nov. 3 to 42 32 0 Chintz Furniture 2 0 Nominal.
METALS. Tin, Banca
Straits Iron, Nail
"Hoop
2.80
2:50-6
0.0
පපු
7 50
44
#
0 0
4. Bar Steel " Tio plates · Lead Pig
4 80 190 Quicksilver For Export. OPIGM,Patos, new, 730 "Benares, new, 710 Malwa,new good 760
Turkey .550 0
MA
Dull.
Pepper
€
*
On Current Accounts.
On testing investraents or other of special Agency à per Cent. N, B.Current Accounts of which the annual Turn-over exceeds 50,000 Dutlues, are subject either to smaller commission, or no commis- sion if a proportimote Deposit generally remains in the account.
PRICES OF KULLION.
Sycee Silver, large, & per cent, premium. Spanish Dollars, Ferdinand, par
Carolus, 10 per cent.
0 per picul | Republican ditto, 3 to 4 per cent, discount.
EXCHANGE.
00 per chest Bills on Londonat 6 months sight, 43. 34. per fp.
2
0 *
0
CA
0
0
5 80 Rice, cargo quality
1.80 Rattaas, Banjernasson 2:40 Sandalwood, Malabar
Dollar; Treasury cloard:
Navy Bills; 44. 21. to 4». 34. per Mexican dollars,
O per pical Court of Directors accepted Bills, 225 @ 220.
#
(per 100 Spanish Dollars
FREIGHTS.
To London or Liverpool, £ 4 10..
iv
0 0
*
2 0
#
3 10
સ 0
13 #
C
To Amoy,
7 0
喜藏
4 25
*
6 0
17] One occurred about twenty seven years since, when sxico mes employed by a peso named Haji Mahomet "Timor, & S. 5. 14. 4:0 [3] This bypothers a deduced from the following fast- Saly were killed, while making a rich ven at Bern MaSaltpetre. Lills are similar to the islands along the coast in appearance ingang Mom recent instances night the séquent, but this
WOOLLENS. and structure, the sail is generaly similar to the bottom of the is preferred as having been reised by the 's good sca,
Spanish Stripes sea-mcks which appear to have been exposed to a surface an inteligenta from whom the principal part of the ind found in the imterior, and the kur land along the cast has furcation respecting the mines was proceed, and its em. | Long Elkyscarlet advanced considerable since the establishment of the Euro-recess repertized by reference to gradircean, who had
been either employed at, or visited this district. peza posts.
well assorted.
@ 60 2 0 0 per prees
6 per ton of 40 feet -
To ports north of Amay, 7 @ 88
From the recent arrivals thanage in abundant and freighte
have receded to £ 4., 4. m 2 4 10.
1 00:10 per yard | Edited, Printed and Published by Joan Carr,
At The Friend of China and Hongkong Gazette Printing Offer, Queen's Road, VICTOMS, HONGING 1846,
溶藻
5+
Heavy Sucks prices àlaposi nominal
8.40
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