842
Camlets, English
Dutch
Medium Cloth. Ladies
18 0 420 .0
28 0 *30 0 CE
1 80 X4 1 20
2 5 per yard
1:30
NB-Woollens are very dull of Sale at these quotations.
Alum Anniseed Camphor
Cassia
TEA.
Buds
EXPORTS.-ON BOARD.
1.75 to 20 per picol 10 00
0
36 0 #22 0
· 10 0 11 0 13
17:018
0 $1
2 50" 3 0
2-4000
雪藏
90 0" 0.0 per catty
30 0600 per picul
Congou Caper Souchong old. Orange Pekeo, New 26
די
Tsatleo Taysanm Canton
450 0 470: 0
<+
350 0 "385 0 280
0 4350 0
Ca
"
•
13
023 0
"
0
0
+4
0 0
+i
13
0* 20
0
64
0 30 D
+6
0 " 0 0
Ca
0 0
0 Ø
43
0
-55 .0
**
បូ
0 44
0 Q
2
12
022
0
44 fine scented. 0 Twankay Hyson
Young Hyson Hyson Skin Gunpowder Imperial
THE FRIEND OF CHINA AND HONGKONG GAZETTE.
which lead to Sibatu the capital of the Kayan, the broken aspect, indented by neither bays nor great fits which the Borneans themselves have experien- most powerful, uncivilized, idolatrous tribe of the arms of the ocean, such as will be found to characed from their commercial intercourse with us, and whole island-Mahiri, like the two last on the terize the physical geography of every country in which they would surely be reluctant to put to any worth coast, (that of Borneo, properly so called) which man has made early progress. bazard by aggression upon ours. The English in which is navigable for 20 miles up for vessels of The ruling tribe in Borneo Proper is the Malay deed have no good reason to complain of the Bor 300 tons burthen,and Sandakan or China Batangunan, and however rude this people, they are greatly heans. They never formed any European alliance, on the north east coast of the island.
beyond the rest of the inhabitants in civilivation but with us, and when the Sooloos, half a century The interior of the Bornoan territory is occupied They are said to constitute no more than a tenth ago, treacherously drove us from Balambangan, it by extensive chains of high mountains, amongst part of the population, although including with was this people who afforded us an asylum and which the most remarkable for its form and eleva them the tribes which they have converted to ma- who proferred us a settlement on the river of Borneo tion, is Kinibalu in the lat, of 6 N. and visible from homedanism. Their history is shortly told, or at and the island of Laboan, which we accepted for both sides of the island which runs in this situation least, all of it that can be known, or all that is season. The present period it may hero be no into a comparatively narrow head land. The geolo- worth telling of the transactions of so sude a uced, is for a thousand good reasons which will China Roots gical formation of all the parts of Borneo with people. The parent country of the Malayan race occur to a statesman and merchant, a more favo Galangal which we have become acquainted is primitive; is unquestionably the table land of the interior of rable one than any former for the success of such Musk" nor have we any where heard of those trap forma Sumatra, from whence, having spread themselves, an establishment. Were, for example, a post in all Rhubarb tions which are so frequent in the island farther the whole north coast of that island from Palem respects similar to Singapore formed on the island | SILK.
with, commonly called by geographers the Sunda bang in the 24. degree of south latitude to Deli of Laboan already mentioned, and which possesses Chain. Volcanos consequently are said not to between the 3rd and 4th degrees of north latitude, a fine harbour, new sources of trade and wealth exist in Borneo, but the districts further to the west they afterwards at different times and from different would be opened to us, which under existing cir- to the other hand, such as Sarawak and Kalaka, places emigrated to various islands in the Strails of cumstances we cannot reach or command. Such between the 2d, and 3d, degrees of N. lat. abound | Malacca, to the west and east coasts of the Penina port would immediately attract the Chinese trade in metals such as gold, antimony and sine. In the sula, to the west coast of Borneo, to the small of Borneo and Sooloo, amounting even under the country of the Kayan, tin and iron exist, the latter islands in the China Seas, to Kamboja, and finally native government, to fifteen junks a year, and in rich enough to be wrought to a considerable extent as far as Borneo Proper, their extreme progress to value, to judge from a similar traffic, to not less in even by the barbarian inhabitants of the country.
the east. All this is an affur of no remote and exports than 801 900,000 dollars. Through traffic, The remarkable or useful productions of the quity in European history. The Bornean emigra- we should have an intercourse with those wealthy principality of Borneo may be enumerated as fol- tion took place twenty-nine reigns ago, reckoning provinces of China with which no European na- low: In the mineral kingdom, besides the pro- each of which at twenty years, we have a period tion has at present a direct communication. Such ductions already mentioned, there exist diamonds. of 580 years, which would place that event in the a port would secure to us au easy intercourse with Of land animals there exist the elephant, the rhino- middle of the 13th century. This date agrees Tonquin, Cochin China and Kamboja all the year ceros, a species of leopard, but not the royal tiger sufficiently well with other historical facts connect through, and the usual periodical trade with Siam, --the bear, the horse, the buffalo, the ex, the bog, ed with the subject. The people of Borneo by an intercourse with which (Singapore being to the the goat, the dog, the cat, the duck and the com. their own account had not adopted the Mahome west and new possession to the east) would be mon fowl. The three first animals, it is singular dan religion when they first emigrated.
secure to us in every season. From a port so- enough, are found only in a single corner of this The government resembles, in most respects. situated the easiest and cheapest means would be vast island, its northern peninsular extremity, in that of other Malayan states. The King is called afforded of supplying the whole northern portion the distrits of Ungsang and Paitan; nor are they by the Hindu name of Rajah, with the epithet of of Borneo, the Sooloo, and Philippine Island, with afterwards to be found in any country of the Ar."lang di per tuan," which may be familiarly and our manufactures, and of collecting the varied pro- chipelago to the eastward of this longitude. The liberally translated "he who lords it;"-yee and ducts of these countries. horse, the goat and the dog are naturalized and sometimes with a vengeance too. He is a petty domesticated strangers, the first being still confined despot, whose diguity is hereditary in his family, to the districts of Pandasah and Tampasak between leaving him the privilege of nominating a success the 5th and 6th degrees of the latitude. The ox, or. His council consists of four officers of state- under the names of Tambadao is a native of the the minister, the treasurer, the commander-in-chief, -forests of Borneo, and so is the hog. It may be and justice; called as in other countries the pillars almost superfluous to advert to the well know fact, of the kingdom. Under these are two other great that Borneo, of all countries, affords the greatest officers; one of which is a second minister, and variety of the ape and monkey tribe, and that in the other a second or deputy commander-in-chief particular it produces that species which in exter. The affairs of trade are managed by four inferior nal form approaches the nearest of all the animal chiefs, the principal of whom are the intendant of creation to the human figure. To reader the ap- the port and the warehouse-keeper. The latter, proximation as if it were the nearer, man himself or orang baya gadong, was the individual who was ou this island seems complaisantly disposed, on lately here as an envoy. In Borneo there are from various occasions, to countenance the pretensions 30 to 40 pangerans or princes having hereditary of this imitator. The seas afford the tortoise, the rank, a matter which among Malay states materi-camphor, and cassia. pearl oyster, the mother of peart oyster and the ally modifies the character of the government, ren- esculant sea slug. The productions of a vegetable dering it in a good measure a sort of aristocracy. nature, valued for their utility or singularity, are The revenue of the king appears to be precarious rice,, sago, black pepper, camphor, cinnamon, beas' and uncertain, and consists rather in a voluntary tribute paid by each district in its staple produce, than in a fixed impost either in money or kind. The officers of government and the princes main- lain themselves from their own states by petty traffic, a little extortion, and the labour of their slaves, who are numerous,
wax and useful or ornamental woods.
Its trade is the most important consideration respecting Borneo, and deserves to be considered at more length than the topics which we have just glanced at. The town of Borneo is situated about the 5th degree of north latitude and 15 miles upon. & river navigable thus far for vessels of 300 tons burthen and a great way above it for smaller craft, It is built on the banks within high water mark. each house being raised on posts from 1 to 2 fa. thums in height and connected with the neighbour- ing one by a single plank. The fortified palace alone is built on Jry land.
Like all countries in a rude and unimproved state, the territory of Borneo Proper is inhabited or perhaps rather infested by numerous races of barbarians or savages differing from each other in language and ever in a state of hostility, A small district or even a village there, constitutes a nation. The principal tribes inhabiting the country, howe ver, may be enumerated as follow:-the Malay, the Suluk, the Bajao, the Dusum, the Illanun, the Kadagan, the Bisaya, the Murut, the Kalamat, the Kalamut, the Tutung, the Kyajao, the Kayan, the, Dayak, the Tatoo the Kauawit, and the Melandb. The Malays, the most powerful and civilized, race, will be afterwards referred to. The unconverted tribes, in manners and customs bear each other a close resemblance, and the following may be con- sidered a brief picture of their condition: They wear one piece of cotton or, bark cloth round the From this description of the town, it appears loins and generally no other clothes. The Kayan locally well adapted for the conveniences of trade, warriors occasionally wear bear and leopard skins and the navigation of the roads and river is safe as coats and caps. Their arms consist of a blow- and easy. The latter indeed may be considered, pipe for shooting poisoned arrows, of swords, of for all useful purposes, the most capacious and spears, and long shields. At the capital of Kayan serviceable river within the precincts of the Archi- are to be found some cannon and some muskets,pelago. Borneo either now or within the hat few but these are a powerful people in the scale of years has conducted trade with the following coun- Borneo greatness and the use of arms is rare a tries, viz. China-the Sooloo Islands-the Philip mongst these barbarians. Some of the tribes are pines-the Straits of Malacca-the west coast of extremely mischievous and ferocious-others less the island of Borneo itself, and the Malayan states so, and a few altogether inoffensive, or even dispos- on the eastern shore of the Peninsula. The trade ed to industrious habits. In one custora a great with China has been interrupted for the last 10 number of the tribes agree, the passion for cutting years, owing to the anarchy which has prevailed off human heada, and hoarding skulls. The osten during that time. sible motive for this proceeding is not explained, lowing is a statement of it: Two junks came When it was in activity the fol. but the custom at all events is as unequivocal an annually from Siang-hai in the province of Nan- illustration of the systematic operation of Mr Mal- keen (Kiang-nan)-two from Lempo in Chang-si thus's positive check to population, as any which two from Amoy- one from Canton, and two can well be produced. Some of the tribes dwell in Portuguese ship from Macao. Four of these ves- miserable log houses covered with leaves, but the sels, it will be observed, came from places in China greater number in houses of immense size raised with which we hold no intercourse in the westero on posts capable of affording accommodation to parts of the Archipelago. They chiefly o ported from 50 to 200 persons. Security from the attacks nankeens and wrought silks. Trade brought to of their enemies, is the great object of these struc- Borneo as it does to every other part of these tures. The savages of Borneo are far from being Islands where there is tolerable security, a large in the lowest scale of social existence. There are influx of Chinese settlers. These from oppression no mere huntsmen amongst them-no wretches liv. are now induced to about 500. ing on grubs or wild roots. or raw oysters AL most all of them. have some knowledge of agricul. fore, some cultivating rice, and others farinaceous roots and pulses. Several understand the smelting of iron and its manufacture into implements both of use and mischief.
In religious feelings the savages of Borneo are eminently deficient. They have no decent system of religious belief; no God-no idols--no priests -no temples or other places of worship. They have, notwithstanding, very many superstitions; paying great attention to good and bad omens and especially to the cry of the birds; in all rude and early stages of society, a frequent means of con- sulting futurity.
No friendly intercourse at present exists between Borneo and Sooloo, on account of an old feud, albo both countries alike productive, are well uited to be to be mutually useful to each other. It may here be remarked that the number of Chinese junks in the habit of yearly visiting the Soolocs was seldom less than six and often exceeded eight, coming from the same ports as those which frequented Borneo. Within the last three years this branch of trade also has been interrupted on account of a quarrel between the Spaniards and the people of Sootoo.
The intercourse between Borneo and Manila was at one period very brisk, but in late years his also, in a great measure been interrupted. The Boruen boats chiefly conducted is, and under is vourable circumstances; the voyage fruen the one place to the other did not exceed seven days.
#1
16
40.0 50. 0 37- 0.4 47 0 The first of the new Congous were shipped by the "Queen Mab" and "Hesperus," The market opened at extrava. gant rates, about twelve chops having been settled for at by the April mail of the great depression having rendered from 33 to 43 Taels. Other teas are dull of sale, the advicce buyers cautious,
EXPORT OF TEA TO GREAT BRITAIN FOR THE SEASON, COMMENCING 1ST JULY 1814, ENDING 30TH JUNE 1845, IN
103 VESSELS.
Jbs. 31,878,261
Wo may pause for a moment to give a brief catalogue of the commodities suited to such a mar. ket as we have now described, as well as of those Congou-
cotton fabrics will form the staple import. Then Black leaf Fekoa. which it is capable of affording. British or Indian Caper.
Souchong will, follow Opium for the native and Chinese Pouchong market; woollens for these also; iron; arms and Storis ammunition for the former. The staple native Flowery Pekon exports are fine camphor-pepper which in good Orange Pekoe times amounted to 20,000 piculs-tortoise shell -- esculent nests-sea slug-mother of pearl shells-Hyson Skin.
Twankay pearls-sago-woods for dying, for. perfumes and Hyson for domestic and naval architecture. To these Young Hyson exports would be added through the Chinese trade, Imperial teas, wrought and raw silks, nankeens, Chiese
Gunpowder
An important fact ought here to be adverted to, that the river of Borneo is the only part of the Indian Archipelago where the Chinese have ever found it practicable and convenient to construct large junks in the same manner as they do at Siam, Saigun, and other ports of their own country. M Jesse, in a most judicious and intellegent accoun: of Borneo rendered to the East India Company in 1775, and in which he suggests that the river is well adapted for ship-building observes, that he saw the keel of a junk of 530 tons burthen laid in the beginning of March which was launched in the end of May. Her whole cost and outfit, although artificers and iron work were brought from China, did not exceed 4.250 Spanish dollars, or about 30 shillings sterling the Lo; an example of cheap ship building quite without a prralled in any other country. The woods made use of in Bones for ship-building are numerous, but the most important is that of the camphor tree, the dryabalanops cam- phor. Teak is not found, but the variety of other excellent and durable timber prevents its absence from being felt. From this sketch there can be, little question, but European ship-building, an art which from one cause or unother, has never pros- pered in Indian Islands, 'might be carried on in Borneo with advantage.Singapore Chronicle, December 1824.
CANTON PRICES CURRENT.
2ND JULY, 1845. IMPORTS-DUTY PAID.
.8 16 0 u818 0 per hd 10 30 眼看 11 O per catty
4.50
0 0 per picul
Ale (best brands} Amber Betel Nut Canvas-Eng, and
Scotch
Cochineal Copper, sheathing
-
S.Am. Cordage, Europe COTTON, Bom
sh. pa. Ts. New 4. Madras
جائے
8 0
#12
9
0 bol.
per
U (2 @
U per picul
24 {} **
Ο
0
0
0
"
8 0
9 0
51
6 0 ፡፡
3
56
6 4 ** 7 0
0 0
+
3 10 per piecu 3.10 «27 50 per picul
0
7"
-*
Bengal 7 0 { COTTON GOODS. White Shirtings, 2 50 Grey ditto diuo. 2 60 Yaro, Nos. 16 to 24 26. 0 Nos. 19 to 32 28.0 Nos. 3 to 42 3 0 4. 33 0 Chintz Furniture 2 056 3 50 për piece Nominal METALS. Tin, Banca Straits
Nail Hoop *. Bar Steel Tin plates Lead Pig Quicksilver For Export.
Iron,
* 13.50 per picul
1
2.90 per picul
19
0
15 00
**16 0
2 80 2 60
2 70
2304
k # 740 ** 4.90 120 0
2.60 43 5.30
5 ·0 per picul
✡
0 O per box
1,355,025
1,3.2,508
137,661
47,525
414.546 531,751
1,790,542-40,476,910
2,051,474. 292.05) 2,103.185 2,963,697
1,233,328 2,313,09111,850,427
Toul
52,346,916 lbs,
95 Ships loaded at Canton, 7 at Shanghai and one at Hongkong.
Export Season 1843-44 in 101 Ships, including 1 from Shanghai.
32,508,849
Congen
Caper. Souchong. Black leaf Pekoe Sorts
Flowery Pekoe.
Orange Pekoe
Twankay Hyson Skin.
Hyson Young Hyson Emperial Gunpowder
Twist
498,566
1,562,603 273,827
54,920 453,377
1,195,978-42,517,520
4,079,147
575.991
1,274,123
1,465,177
597,678
1,304,531-9,296,547
Total 51.844.067
COTTON REPORT.
Canton, June 1st to 30th, 1845.
Bombay Bales, Bengal ი.. Madras do.
Total, Including Dorisana.
1.409 1.841 Deliveries. Stock.
17.368 32.014
2.690 2.065
11.549 19,613
31.613 54.202
BANK OF WESTERN INDIA. EXCHANGE. BRITISHOD London at 6 months sight....
30 day eight........
1 day's sight fixed or
on demand.
24 per Sp. Dollars.
A
do
10.
4
ไก
do.
The National Bank of Scotland
andits Branches at 9'days' sight 4 The Branches of the Provincial
Hank of Ireland at 1 day's'sight 4
do. do.
do
da.
.. 275 do.
do.
22-1 do.
do.
Enrabay at 60 days' night..
,,-227 do.
da.
3 dage' sight.... .. 230
days sight.... Colombo at 60 days” sight...
do.
dor
225
do.
do.
.. 222
do.
do.
do.
the claim to.
INDIA-On Calcutta at 60 days' night... its. ad per Sp. Dolls. 100, 30 days' sight.... Mfadas at sight......
LOCAL.On Canton or Macao at 8 days' night. Par do
30 da, night Sp. Dola, 100g do, do,
3ds, night
Meier 1). & M. Rustomjee & Co. are authorised to grant Drafts at
Canton and Macao payahls in Hongkong without Charge. BULLION.Mexican Dollars received at 100 per Sp, Dolls, 98.
E1 Company's Rupees at 225
Sycer.
94. 22 per Cent. pretium. INTEREST.
ALLOWED.-OS Deposit at 6 months Notice 4 per Cent pet Annan.
오니까..
day, 3 months Notice 3
CoARGED.-Un Foamaand Cash Cerfit AccouALE
Security of Bullion ar Governmunt paper
On Luen and Cash Credit Accounts
other Security....
Discount-On Local Bille uuder 2 month a
Du,
du.
"
تروری
dio,
do.
والله
Jo,
to.
do,
mouth
Jo
COMMASION.
Du Current Accounts.......
-
per Cent,
1. B.--Carrent Accounts of which this aantal Turn-over excenile 10,000 Voltara, ses miljece šíther to emmaller mommission, or au comuniz. séum if a proportionate Deponis generally remains in the secount.
On cffecting investments or other of special Agency è per Cent.
PRICES OF BULLION,
Sycee Silver, large, 3 per cent, premium,
Spanish Bollars, Ferdinand, par
件
Cacobs, 10 per eint
Repubiran ditto, 3 to 4 per cent, discount.
EXCHANGE.
OPIUM, Paina, new, 730 000 per chest Billa on Londonat 6 months sight, 44, 34. per Sp.
K
Benares, nea. 710 年 0
Dollar: Treasury closed.
Navy Bill, 44. 21. 16 Aa 3. per Mexican dollars,
00 per picul Court of Directors acorpted Bills, 220 @ 120.
0 心
毒
Del
•Malwa,new good 700 Turkey 650
0 Q #
h "
i
好
D
+
2 0
**
3.10
13 #
15
7 0
it
4
6:0
+
None of the native tribes of Borneo hare any knowledge of an alphabet, nor any other means by visible signs of permanently recording their ideas. This must be considered as a singular fact, since By far the most considerable trade now conduct- all the other great islands have each one or more ed by the Borneans, is that with the Straus of Pepper alphabet, and it points at once to some natural in.
Malacca confined at present to Singapore, which Rice, cargo quality feriority in the country itself; thus operating so
was in 1824 visited by about 40 prabus from the Rattans, Banjarmastan 2 40 remarkably in retarding civilization. This inferiori-ports of Borneo Proper. ty will probably be found chiefly to consist in the European have for a number of years forborn to § 9 Tibor, & S. 5. IL 4 0 Sandalwood, Malabar 5.0 comparative sterility of a primitive country abound visit Boraco on account of its violent scd anar- Saltpetre. ing in minerals, and in that discouragement of chiral
We believe that European WOOLLENS. foreign and internal civilization which are the ships might now visit it with perfect safety, owing, pecessary consequence even of the physical con.
to the accesson of a new and favorable price, the Long Eis, scarde Spanish Stripes figuration of a country which like the equally bar-professions of friendship and desire of trade which barous continent of Africa, is of compact and us. have been auxiously held out, and the real bene.
government..
!
4.93
00 1
8 50
Is
well assorted. * 30 Heavy Boerke pnown alment nGRITZA,
per 100 Spanish Duilars
To London or Liverposi, 2.4 10.
FREIGHTS.
To Amoy, 6 per ton of 40 feet.
To pans Borth of Amby, 7 @ $ 8
From the recent arrivals tonbede is sbundant and frights hate receded to £ 4 4 œ £ 4. 10.
1 10 per yard Edited, Printed and Published by Jose Cans,
0 0 per pitce 8.40
At The Friend of China and Hongkong Gazette, Printing Office, Q¢san's Road, VICTORIA, Hingezose #845,
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